Adamjee Cantonment College

Department of English
Syllabus for First Term 2025
English 1st & 2nd Paper
Sample of Free Hand Writing

Note: (These samples are just average examples to guide you, but remember, you can
always improve them with your own creativity and originality. Your unique ideas and
personal touch will make your work stand out. Also, keep in mind that learning new
vocabulary, reading widely, and constantly expanding your knowledge is essential for
enhancing your writing skills)

# Graph/ Chart:
1. Gradual rate of mobile phone and internet users in Bangladesh in different years.
2. Literacy rate of Bangladesh in different years.
3. Number of people living below the poverty line.
4. Sources of air pollution in a city (pie chart).
5. Distribution of percentages of a family income into different categories (pie chart)

# Story:
1. Money cannot buy happiness (A richman and a cobbler).
2.Where there is a will, there is a way (A thirsty cow)
3. Nobody trusts a liar(A liar cowboy).
4. The ant and the dove.
5. A foolish crow and a cunning fox.

6.A child finds an old key in their backyard. He starts searching for what it unlocks and
discover something surprising.

7. A boy befriends a talking cat who needs his help to solve a problem in the magical
forest nearby.

8.Two siblings get stuck at home during a storm but find a hidden door in their basement
that leads to an unexpected place.

Informal Letters:

1. To your overseas friend describing the beauty of Bangladesh.

2. To your friend about your preparation for the upcoming exam.
3. To your younger brother warning him not to waste time on Social media.
4. To your younger brother asking him to avoid smoking/ drugs.
5.To your friend about the benefits of reading the newspaper.
# Paragraph:
1. Impacts of Facebook/social media on Young Generation.
2.Importance of Technology in Education.
3. Civic Engagement.
4. Human Rights
5. Myths and Literature
6.Gen Z and July Uprising
7.Dreams
8. Adolescence
9. Bullying
10.Pros and cons of Artificial intelligence

Completing Stories for First Term

Level-Piece of Cake
1. Money Cannot Buy Happiness (A Rich Man and a Cobbler)
Once there was a rich man who lived in a grand mansion. He had everything one could
dream of: a luxurious house, elegant clothes, and an abundance of wealth. Despite his riches,
he was constantly worried and unhappy. Near his house, a cobbler lived in a small, humble
home. The cobbler earned his living by making and repairing shoes. He didn’t have much,
but his cheerful singing echoed through the neighborhood every day as he worked. His
happiness seemed to radiate from within.
One day, the rich man grew curious and approached the cobbler. “Why are you so happy?”
he asked. “You have so little compared to me.” The cobbler smiled and replied, “I am happy
because I love my work and have enough to eat. What more do I need?”
The rich man decided to test the cobbler’s happiness. He handed him a bag of gold coins,
saying, “Here, take this. It will bring you even more joy.” At first, the cobbler was thrilled.
He had never held so much money before. However, his excitement soon turned into
anxiety. He began to worry about losing the gold. He stopped singing, his sleep was restless,
and he constantly feared that thieves would steal the money.
After a few sleepless nights, the cobbler realized that the gold had stolen his peace of mind.
He returned the bag to the rich man, saying, “Take this back. I want my happiness and peace
more than wealth.” The rich man was astonished but learned an important lesson: true
happiness comes from contentment and not material wealth. From that day, he sought joy
in life’s simple pleasures, just like the cobbler.

2. Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way (A Thirsty Crow)

One hot summer day, a thirsty crow flew tirelessly in search of water. The sun blazed
overhead, and the dry, parched earth offered no relief. The crow’s beak was dry, and its
wings felt heavy. Despite its exhaustion, the crow refused to give up. It flew from place to
place, determined to find water.
Finally, the crow’s sharp eyes spotted a clay pot near a house. It swooped down eagerly and
peered inside. To its dismay, the water was at the bottom of the pot, far beyond the reach of
its beak. Disappointment washed over the crow, but it quickly began to think. “I must find
a way to get the water,” it thought.
Looking around, the crow noticed small stones scattered nearby. An idea struck its clever
mind. One by one, it picked up the stones with its beak and dropped them into the pot. With
each stone, the water level rose slightly. The crow’s determination fueled its efforts, and
after some time, the water was within reach. It drank deeply, feeling refreshed and
triumphant.
The crow flew away, its thirst quenched and its spirit uplifted. It had overcome a seemingly
impossible challenge through persistence and clever thinking. From that day, the crow
believed firmly in the power of determination and ingenuity. It understood that no matter
how difficult a situation may seem, a solution can always be found if one refuses to give up.

3. Nobody Trusts a Liar (The Liar Cowboy)

Once upon a time, a young cowboy was tasked with looking after a flock of sheep near a
quiet village. The job was lonely, and the cowboy often felt bored. One day, he decided to
amuse himself by playing a trick on the villagers. Climbing onto a rock, he shouted loudly,
“Wolf! Wolf! A wolf is attacking my sheep!”
The villagers, hearing his cries, rushed up the hill to help him. But when they arrived, they
found no wolf. The cowboy laughed and said, “I fooled you all!” The villagers were annoyed
but returned to their work. A few days later, the cowboy played the same trick. Again, the
villagers came running, and again, there was no wolf. This time, the villagers were furious.
They scolded the cowboy and warned him not to lie again.
Not long after, a real wolf appeared. The predator crept toward the flock, its eyes glinting
with hunger. Terrified, the cowboy shouted, “Wolf! Wolf! Help me!” But this time, no one
came. The villagers, remembering his previous lies, thought he was playing another trick.
The wolf attacked the sheep, and the cowboy could do nothing to stop it.
The cowboy was devastated. He realized his foolishness had cost him the trust of the
villagers and the safety of his flock. From that day on, he understood the importance of
honesty. He regretted his actions but knew it was a hard lesson learned—once trust is
broken, it is not easily mended.

4. The Ant and the Dove

On a warm sunny day, a thirsty ant wandered to the edge of a river to drink water. As it bent
down to sip, a sudden gust of wind made the ant lose its balance. It slipped and fell into the
rushing water, struggling desperately to stay afloat. The tiny ant feared it would drown.
A dove sitting on a tree nearby noticed the ant’s plight. Feeling compassionate, the dove
quickly plucked a large leaf and dropped it into the water near the ant. The ant climbed onto
the leaf, which floated safely to the riverbank. Grateful and relieved, the ant thanked the
dove and promised to help if ever needed.
A few days later, a hunter entered the forest. He spotted the dove resting on a branch and
aimed his bow, preparing to shoot. The ant, passing by, noticed the danger. Remembering
the dove’s kindness, it acted swiftly. The ant crawled onto the hunter’s foot and bit him
hard. Startled and in pain, the hunter missed his shot. The dove, alerted by the commotion,
flew away to safety.
The ant and the dove had saved each other’s lives through acts of kindness and gratitude.
From that day on, they remained good friends, knowing that even the smallest creature can
make a big difference. Their bond was a testament to the value of helping others and
repaying kindness when the opportunity arises.

5. A Foolish Crow and a Cunning Fox

One day, a crow found a delicious piece of cheese lying on the ground. Delighted, it picked
up the cheese and flew to a tall tree to enjoy its meal. As the crow perched on a branch,
holding the cheese in its beak, a cunning fox noticed it from below. The fox’s mouth
watered, and it immediately began devising a plan to steal the cheese.
The fox approached the tree and called out, “Oh, Crow! How beautiful you are! Your
feathers shine so brightly in the sunlight, and your eyes sparkle like jewels.” The crow,
flattered by the compliments, puffed up with pride. Seeing the crow’s reaction, the fox
continued, “Surely, such a magnificent bird must have a sweet and melodious voice. Will
you not sing for me?”
The crow, eager to impress, opened its beak to sing. As it did, the cheese fell to the ground.
The fox quickly snatched it up and laughed, “Thank you for the cheese, foolish crow!” The
crow watched in dismay as the fox trotted away, enjoying its stolen treat.
Realizing its mistake, the crow felt embarrassed and vowed never to trust flattery again. It
understood that the fox had used sweet words to deceive it. From that day on, the crow
became wiser, learning to think carefully before trusting others. The incident served as a
valuable lesson: not everyone who praises you has good intentions.
Here are the completed stories with titles, maintaining the same beginnings and extending
each to approximately 399 words suitable for grade 8 students:

1. The Key to the Forgotten Treasure

A child finds an old key in their backyard. Curious and excited, he begins to search for what
it unlocks. The key is rusty and worn, but it feels special in his hands. After hours of digging
through the dirt, he notices a faint outline of a lock on the old tree house his grandfather
built long ago. Heart racing, he rushes up the rickety ladder and inserts the key into the lock,
turning it gently. With a soft click, the door creaks open.
Inside, sunlight filters through the dusty windows, illuminating stacks of forgotten toys,
yellowed books, and photographs of family adventures. But one thing catches his eye: a
small, ornately carved chest tucked in the corner. He opens it with trembling hands,
uncovering a treasure trove of vintage coins, mysterious maps, and hidden letters that tell
stories of ancient times and lost civilizations. Each item is a piece of history, making his
heart race with wonder.
With newfound determination, he decides to learn more about the treasure he has
discovered. He researches the items, connecting with local historians and sharing his
findings online. The ancient maps inspire him to embark on real-life adventures, learning
about geography and history along the way. The key, once forgotten, becomes a symbol of
curiosity and the start of a lifelong quest for knowledge.

2. The Talking Cat's Quest

A boy befriends a talking cat who needs his help to solve a problem in the magical forest
nearby. The cat, named Whiskers, explains that an important crystal has been stolen, causing
imbalance in the forest's magic. The creatures are losing their powers, and the seasons are
in chaos. The boy, fascinated and eager for adventure, agrees to help Whiskers retrieve the
crystal.
Together, they journey through lush trees, over bubbling brooks, and into the heart of the
enchanted woods. Along the way, they meet whimsical beings: a wise owl who offers
riddles, a playful sprite who guides them, and a frightened rabbit who gives them a clue
about the thief. As they follow the leads, the boy learns that courage, friendship, and
teamwork are the true keys to overcoming obstacles.
In a climactic encounter, they confront the thief—an envious sorceress. She reveals her
longing for power, but the boy and Whiskers, using their cleverness and newfound
friendships, teach her the importance of sharing and harmony. The sorceress returns the
crystal, realizing the strength of unity, and balance is restored in the forest. The boy returns
home, knowing he has made a real difference while forging a bond that will last forever.

3. The Door to Imagination

Two siblings get stuck at home during a storm but find a hidden door in their basement that
leads to an unexpected place. The children, initially frightened by the thunder, discover this
mysterious door behind old boxes covered in dust. As they push it open, they step into a
vibrant world where colors seem brighter and everything is infused with magic.
In this new realm, they meet peculiar creatures: talking animals, friendly giants, and even
playful fairies. Each encounter is a lesson in bravery, kindness, and creativity. As they
explore enchanted forests and sparkling lakes, they find themselves participating in fantastic
adventures, such as racing with unicorns and solving puzzles created by the whimsical
beings who inhabit this realm.
Yet, as fun as it is, the siblings realize that they must find a way back before the storm
passes. Their bond strengthens as they work together to overcome challenges, relying on
each other’s strengths. Finally, they discover a riddle that reveals the way home. With
newfound knowledge and memories of an incredible adventure, the siblings step back
through the door just as the storm begins to clear. They emerge with stories to tell, lessons
learned, and a deeper appreciation for each other and their own world

Informal Letters
1. Suppose you have a pen friend named Caroline Morris who lives in the USA. She has
keen interest to know about the natural beauty of your country. Now, write a letter to her
telling about the natural beauty of Bangladesh.
90/2, Block C, Road 2, Nirala, Khulna
Bangladesh

December 2022
My dear Caroline,
Best wishes to you. Thank you very much for sweet note. In your letter, you have wanted
to know about the scenic beauty of Bangladesh. Let me introduce the scenic beauty of my
native country.
Bangladesh is a treasure trove of bounteous nature. It is uniquely a land of scenic beauty.
Green meadows and green cornfields are eye-catching and amazing. Ours is a riverine
country. It is crisscrossed by many rivers and their tributaries. The Sundarbans is the largest
mangrove forest in the world. It’s still renowned for its great variety of the flora and fauna.
It’s a splendid habitat of the Royal Bengal Tigers, spotted deer and the estuarine crocodiles.
Tourists from all over the world come to visit the Sundarbans, the 52nd World Heritage Site.
St. Martin’s Island is the only coral island in the country. It is situated on the Bay of Bengal
and about 48 km from Teknaf. The island is replete with natural beauty. It seems to be a
floating flower in the midst of the Bay of Bengal. Cox’s Bazar is the longest beach in the
world. The vast expanse of water of the Bay of Bengal looks beautiful. One can see the
nature here very closely. Kuakata is another excellent beach in Bangladesh. One can see the
sunrise and sunset here. The tea gardens of Sylhet, Sunamganj and other places, the deep
forests of Rangamati, the waterfall of Madhabkunda are worth mentioning.
So, I invite you to pay a visit to my native country. I hope you will be impressed by enjoying
the scenic beauty of my country. The most attractive landscape of Bangladesh will give you
immense pleasure.
Yours ever,
Lina
From To stamp
Lina Ahmed Caroline Morris
90/2, Block C, Road 2, 30 Downing St, Westminster
Nirala, Khulna West Village, Westminster, Manhattan,
New York, USA.

2. Letter to Your Friend About Exam Preparation

90/2, Block C, Road 2,
Nirala, Khulna
Bangladesh
5 January 2025
Dear Mita,
I hope you are doing well. I’m writing to share my preparation for the upcoming exams.
These exams are very important, so I’m trying my best to study hard. I’ve created a proper
routine to manage my time. I wake up early every morning, which helps me concentrate
better.
I start my day by studying the subjects I find challenging, like Mathematics and Science. In
the afternoon, I solve past exam papers and practice writing answers. This helps me
understand the type of questions that might appear. I also take short breaks in between to
relax and refresh my mind. In the evening, I revise topics I studied earlier to ensure I don’t
forget anything.
Though I am focused on my studies, I make sure to get enough sleep and maintain a healthy
diet. Staying fit is essential to perform well. I believe my preparation is going well, and I’m
confident about getting a good result.
How is your preparation going? Let me know about your study plans and share any tips that
could help me. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Your friend,
Lina
From To stamp
90/2, Block C, Road 2, Raihan Zoha
Nirala, Khulna C/o: Abdul Karim Zoha
Bangladesh 34/C, Talerhat, Chhagalnaiya, Feni.
3. Write a letter to your younger brother warning him not to waste time on social media.
33 Kushum Villa
Road no 7712,
Mirpur Road, Dhaka

1 December 2022
Dear Raihan,
Hope you are passing very good time by the grace of Almighty. From the letter sent by mom
I have come to know that you have become addicted to using social media. I am really
concerned.
I heard that you are ignoring your daily duties and responsibilities for this. I am very sad
and shocked to learn it. You should always remember that you are an HSC examinee and
your future greatly depends upon a brilliant result at this level. There are a lot of advantages
and disadvantages of using social media. But why should we spend much time on it? I think
and believe you are addicted to social media like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. You
spend much time watching unnecessary things and chatting with immoral boys or girls. You
should know that it is destroying you. Moreover, using mobile phone too much is harmful
to our brain. So, as your elder brother I warn you not to spend much time on social media.
I hope this letter will make you return to your studies and other normal duties.
Your loving brother,
Hasnat
From To stamp
Hasnat Zoha Raihan Zoha
12, Mirpur Road, Dhaka C/o: Abdul Karim Zoha
34/C, Talerhat, Chhagalnaiya, Feni.
4. Suppose, you are Partha. You have a younger brother Tanmoy. Write a letter to your
younger brother asking him to avoid drugs/ warning him about the dangers of drug
addiction.
22 Neer House Road no-56
Demra, Dhaka
2 December 2022
My dear Tanmoy,
How are you? I hope you are alright by the grace of Almighty. I am writing this letter to tell
you about the dangers of drug consuming.
Remember that initially it only starts out of curiosity, but when coaxed by friends, people
start consuming it for pleasure. Gradually, it becomes a habit. Some start taking drugs just
to get rid of boredom. But, with regular consumption, soon they start showing depression
symptoms. Then it becomes a necessity. They lose interest in things happening around them.
Their hands start shaking and they lose appetite. They lose interest in studies and sports.
Drugs start to affect their vision too. One becomes a slave of drugs and when s/he is deprived
of it s/he develops severe withdrawal symptoms. It slowly kills the addicted person from
inside.
Drugs are a curse on the society and one should never even try them. You need to be
healthy and hearty to achieve success in life.
Your loving brother,
Partha
From To stamp
Partha Tanmoy
22 Neer House C/o: Abdul Motaleb
Road no-56 76, Ghorashal, Narsingdi
138, Demra, Dhaka
5. Suppose you are Rima. You want that your friend Trina should understand the
usefulness of reading newspaper. Now, write a letter to your friend about the usefulness of
reading newspaper.
33 Krishnachura Villa
Road no 77
Joydevpur, Gazipur
3 December 2022
My dear Trina,
I received your letter yesterday. You wrote that you were awarded a prize for the
competition in general knowledge. I have become very glad to know it.
Nowadays it is very essential to know about the world around us. Hence, there is no
alternative to reading newspaper daily. A newspaper is a storehouse of knowledge. It
supplies news about almost all the current events of the world in the shortest possible way.
Besides this, to be a civilized person, one must be conscious of the social, political and
economic conditions of the present time. It is only newspaper which can serve the purpose
appropriately. By reading it, you could know about modern science too. There are also news
about business and sports in the newspapers. In short, you will communicate with the whole
world through newspaper. So, I advise you to read newspaper daily and it will help you keep
abreast of all that take place in the world.
No more today. Write to me as soon as possible. Convey my compliments to parents. Best
wishes to you.
Your friend,
Rima
From To stamp
Rima Ahmed Trina Rahman
Joydevpur, Gazipur C/o: Abdul Khaleque
73, Chhagalnaiya, Feni.
.
 Paragraphs for First Term
Level-Piece of Cake
1. Impacts of Facebook/Internet on Young Generation (Descriptive)
Facebook and the internet are very popular among young people. They help us connect with
friends and learn new things. Through Facebook, we can share pictures, videos, and
messages. The internet is full of information that helps in studies and research. Young
people use it to watch videos, play games, and chat.However, there are bad effects too.
Many spend too much time online and forget to study. This can make them lazy and harm
their health. Some people misuse the internet to bully others or spread fake news. Staying
online for long hours can also cause eye problems. It can even disturb their sleep if used late
at night.We must use Facebook and the internet wisely. They are useful for learning and
staying connected, but we should not misuse them. Spending too much time online is
unhealthy. We should set a time limit for using the internet. Spending time with family and
friends in real life is also important. By using the internet in a balanced way, we can enjoy
its benefits and avoid its harms.
1. . Technology in Education
Technology makes education better and easier. Computers, tablets, and smartboards help
students learn faster. They make lessons fun and interactive. Teachers use technology to
show videos and pictures, which help students understand topics better. Online classes allow
students to learn from home.Using technology, students can find information quickly. They
can watch educational videos and solve problems online. Technology also helps in learning
new languages and skills. It saves time and makes learning more exciting.However, too
much screen time can be harmful. It can cause eye strain and distract students from studying.
Therefore, students should use technology wisely. It is important to balance online learning
with reading books and doing physical activities.Technology helps us become smarter and
more skilled. It prepares us for the future. If used properly, technology makes education
better and more enjoyable.Technology has changed the way we learn. Computers make it
easy to search for information. Tablets allow us to carry many books in one device.
Smartboards help teachers explain things more clearly. Students can work on projects
together online. Technology also helps students practice what they learn. Educational games
make learning fun and interactive. Students can ask questions and get answers instantly.
Teachers can track progress using online tools. Technology helps us learn at our own pace.
Students can study anytime and anywhere with online resources. Technology also helps
students learn through virtual reality. It is a powerful tool for education. However, students
should not spend all their time on screens. It is important to take breaks and stay active.
Technology can make learning easier and more exciting when used in the right way.
2. Civic Engagement
Civic engagement means taking part in activities that help the community and society. It
includes volunteering, voting, and helping others. It teaches us to work together for the good
of everyone. By being involved, we can solve problems and make our community
better.Helping others is an important part of civic engagement. We can clean our
neighborhood, plant trees, or help the poor. Participating in school or local events also helps
the community. When we work together, we create a peaceful and happy environment.Civic
engagement teaches us the value of teamwork and respect. It helps us become responsible
citizens. By doing our duties, we can build a better future for everyone. Every person, young
or old, can contribute to society in some way. Together, we can make the world a better
place.Civic engagement means participating in activities that help improve our community
and society. It can include things like volunteering, voting, and helping those in need. When
we volunteer, we can clean our neighborhood, plant trees, or even help the poor.
Participating in local events also contributes to a stronger, more connected community.
Helping others not only makes us feel good but also makes the world a better place. It
teaches us the value of teamwork and respect. By working together, we can solve problems
and create a peaceful environment. Everyone, young or old, has something valuable to
contribute. Small actions, like picking up trash or being kind to a neighbor, can make a big
difference. When we all get involved, we build a better future for everyone. Being engaged
helps us become responsible citizens and teaches us the importance of taking care of one
another. Every person’s effort matters, and together, we can make our world a better place
to live.

3. Gen Z and July Uprising

The July Uprising in Bangladesh, which took place in 2024, was a significant event in the
history of the country. It was led by a large group of young people, mostly from Generation
Z, who wanted to bring change. These young people were frustrated with the government’s
failure to address their concerns, especially issues like education, jobs, and the rising cost
of living. They felt that their voices were not being heard, and they wanted to make sure
that the future of the country would be better for them and the next generation.The protests
began in July 2024 when students and young people took to the streets in different cities.
They used social media to organize and spread their message, which helped them gather
large crowds quickly. The protests were peaceful at first, but later, there were clashes
between the protesters and the police. Many people were injured during the protests, but
their message was clear: they wanted a better future.The Gen Z activists were united in their
demand for change, and they showed the power of young people standing together. They
wanted the government to listen to their needs and make policies that would help them build
a better life. The July Uprising in Bangladesh was a turning point, as it showed the strength
and determination of the youth in shaping the country’s future. The event was a reminder
that young people have the power to make a difference.

1. Myth and Literature

Myths are old stories that explain the world in magical ways. They often have gods, heroes,
and magical creatures. Literature includes books, poems, and plays that tell stories and teach
lessons. Both myths and literature are very important in our lives.Myths teach us about the
values and beliefs of ancient people. They show us how they understood the world. Famous
myths like "The Hare and the Tortoise" teach us the importance of hard work and patience.
Literature, on the other hand, helps us understand human emotions and behavior.Reading
literature improves our language and thinking skills. It takes us to new worlds and helps us
understand different cultures. Stories and poems inspire us to be brave, kind, and wise. Both
myths and literature are treasures that enrich our minds and hearts. They teach us moral
values and help us grow as good human beings.Myths are passed down from generation to
generation. They help us understand the history of different cultures. Gods and heroes in
myths show us what is good and bad. Myths are full of imagination and wonder. Literature
includes stories that entertain and educate. Reading books helps us learn new words and
ideas. Poems can make us feel happy, sad, or excited. Stories in literature often teach lessons
about life. Both myths and literature can make us think deeply. They encourage us to ask
questions and seek answers.

4. Human Rights
Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that every individual should have simply
because they are human. These rights include the right to life, the right to freedom of speech,
and the right to education. Human rights ensure that people are treated with respect and
dignity, regardless of factors like race, gender, or religion. They are universal, meaning they
apply to everyone, everywhere, at all times. The concept of human rights became prominent
after World War II when the world recognized that millions suffered due to discrimination
and abuse. In 1948, the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
which outlines the fundamental rights that every person should enjoy. Unfortunately, human
rights violations still occur around the globe. Many people face unfair treatment because of
their beliefs, ethnicity, or social status. These violations can take many forms, such as
imprisonment without trial, torture, or forced labor. In some countries, individuals cannot
express their opinions freely or practice their religion. It is crucial to raise awareness about
these issues and educate people about their rights. Organizations like Amnesty International
work tirelessly to protect human rights and hold governments accountable for their actions.
As individuals, we can also play a role in promoting and protecting human rights. Simple
acts like speaking out against injustice, volunteering for human rights organizations, or
participating in campaigns raise awareness. Understanding our own rights equips us to stand
up for the rights of others. In conclusion, human rights are fundamental to achieving equality
and justice in society. By fostering a culture of respect and tolerance, we contribute to a
world where every person can live freely and without fear. Protecting human rights is a
shared responsibility, and together we can foster a more just and compassionate world.

7. Dreams
Dreams are a captivating aspect of our human experience, occurring during our sleep as our
mind continues to work. Although we spend nearly a third of our lives asleep, the world of
dreams often remains mysterious. When we dream, our brain creates stories, images, and
sensations that can be both exciting and strange. These dreams can range from enjoyable
and imaginative to frightening and baffling. Various theories attempt to explain why we
dream. Some believe dreams help us process emotions and experiences from our waking
life, while others think they may serve as a way for our brains to organize information.
Interestingly, not all dreams are easily remembered. Once we wake up, many of our dreams
fade away quickly. Researchers suggest keeping a dream journal by your bed can help
capture those fleeting thoughts. By writing down details immediately upon waking, we can
better understand our subconscious mind and what our dreams might signify. Some cultures
view dreams as important messages from the spirit world or the universe, while others
consider them simply an outcome of brain activity. Dreams can also inspire creativity. Many
authors, artists, and musicians have drawn ideas from their dreams to create fantastic works.
For example, famous surrealist artist Salvador Dalí was influenced by his dreams, creating
unique and thought-provoking pieces. Furthermore, dreams can encourage problem-solving
and fresh perspectives, even in everyday life. They let us explore different situations and
outcomes without the constraints of reality. In conclusion, dreams are a valuable part of our
lives. They open the door to our imagination and allow us to explore the unknown.
Embracing the world of dreams can bring captivating insights and inspire our creative
potential.

8. Adolescence
Adolescence is a crucial phase of development that begins around the ages of 10 to 13 and
extends into the late teens, marking the transition from childhood to adulthood. During this
time, individuals experience profound changes, both physically and emotionally. This stage
is often marked by rapid growth and development, including changes in height, weight, and
physical appearance. Hormonal shifts also affect how adolescents feel and behave, making
this period sometimes tumultuous. The brain continues to develop during adolescence,
particularly the areas responsible for decision-making and impulse control. Socially,
adolescence is a critical time for forming relationships and developing a sense of identity.
Teenagers often seek independence from their families and may prioritize friendships more.
Peer pressure can become significant at this age, influencing behaviors like fashion choices,
hobbies, and even academic performance. Many teens experiment with their interests,
participating in sports, clubs, or other extracurricular activities to discover their passions.
They often strive to find a balance between fitting in and maintaining their individuality.
Adolescence can also be a period of emotional highs and lows. Young people may
experience feelings of confusion, anxiety, or insecurity as they navigate complex social
dynamics. It's important for adolescents to have support from family, friends, and educators
during this time. Open communication about feelings and experiences can help alleviate
stress and foster healthy development. Parents and guardians can play a vital role in guiding
teens through challenges while allowing them the freedom to explore their identities. In
summary, adolescence is a transformative period characterized by growth, exploration, and
learning. It is an essential stage where young people lay the foundation for their future
selves. By understanding and supporting adolescents, we can help them navigate this
exciting yet challenging chapter of life.

9. Bullying
Bullying is a serious and widespread issue that affects many students in schools,
communities, and online environments. It is defined as unwanted aggressive behavior that
involves a real or perceived power imbalance. Bullying can take different forms, including
physical bullying, verbal bullying, social bullying, and cyberbullying. Physical bullying
involves hitting or pushing, while verbal bullying includes name-calling or threats.
Cyberbullying takes place over the internet and involves spreading rumors or sending
harmful messages through social media or texts. The impact of bullying on victims can be
severe and long-lasting. Many children who are bullied experience feelings of sadness,
anxiety, or loneliness. They may struggle with schoolwork and have low self-esteem. In
some cases, bullying can lead to serious mental health issues, including depression. Victims
of bullying often feel isolated and might not seek help due to fear of retaliation or
embarrassment. This silence can create a cycle where bullying continues, affecting not only
the individuals involved but also the larger community. Schools play a crucial role in
addressing bullying. Effective anti-bullying programs can create a safe environment for all
students. Such programs promote kindness, empathy, and inclusion, encouraging students
to stand up for one another. It is essential for teachers and staff to be trained to recognize
the signs of bullying and how to address it effectively. Creating a culture of respect and
openness can help diminish bullying behavior and foster positive relationships among
students. Furthermore, it is vital for students to speak up if they witness bullying. By
reporting bullying incidents or supporting victims, they can help create a more
compassionate environment. It is everyone's responsibility to treat others with kindness and
respect. Together, we can combat bullying and create a community where every individual
feels safe and valued.

10. Pros and Cons of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly advancing technology that enables machines to
perform tasks traditionally requiring human intelligence. AI can analyze information, make
decisions, and even learn from experience. There are many advantages to using AI in
various fields. For example, in healthcare, AI can help doctors diagnose diseases more
accurately and quickly. In industries like manufacturing and logistics, AI can improve
efficiency by automating repetitive tasks and optimizing workflows. This technology can
also analyze large amounts of data, assisting businesses in making informed decisions and
predicting market trends. As a result, AI has the potential to drive innovation and improve
the quality of life for many people. However, there are also significant concerns about AI.
One major issue is that it may lead to job losses. As machines become capable of performing
tasks that humans currently do, there is fear that many employees could be replaced. This
change could result in unemployment and economic instability. Furthermore, there are
ethical considerations surrounding privacy. AI can collect vast amounts of personal data,
raising concerns about how that information is used and who has access to it. Misuse of AI
can also lead to harmful consequences, such as biased algorithms that discriminate against
certain groups of people. As we move forward with AI technology, finding a balance
between its benefits and challenges is essential. Policymakers, businesses, and society must
work together to establish guidelines for its ethical use. This collaboration can ensure that
the advantages of AI are harnessed while minimizing potential negative impacts. Education
and training programs can also help prepare the workforce for changes brought about by AI,
enabling people to adapt to new roles created by this technology. In conclusion, AI is a
powerful tool that can bring about significant benefits but also presents challenges that must
be addressed responsibly. By understanding the pros and cons of artificial intelligence, we
can navigate this complex landscape and shape a future that leverages technology for the
greater good.
 TEXTUAL SYNONYMS-ANTONYMS 2025 – First Term
Department of English
Adamjee Cantonment College

UNIT -1 Education and Life

Lesson 1- The Parrot’s Tale

Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) Antonyms Synonyms
No. Speech

ignore, neglect, mislead, teach, instruct, train,

1 Educate (to teach) Verb
fool guide

Knowledge ignorance, unawareness, wisdom, understanding,

2 Noun
(awareness) folly, naivety insight, awareness

captivity, constraint, independence, autonomy,

3 Freedom (liberty) Noun
restriction, slavery liberation, choice

Progress stagnation, regression, growth, improvement,

4 Noun
(advancement) decline, halt development, evolution

unimaginative,
Creative inventive, original,
5 Adjective conventional, routine,
(innovative) artistic, resourceful
dull

Confidence (self- doubt, insecurity, fear, self-belief, assurance,

6 Noun
assurance) hesitation certainty, boldness

conservative, narrow-
Liberal (open- progressive, tolerant,
7 Adjective minded, intolerant,
minded) flexible, open
prejudiced

uncritical,
Critical analytical, evaluative,
8 Adjective complimentary,
(judgmental) discerning, vital
approving, supportive

disrespect, contempt, admiration, esteem,

9 Respect (regard) Noun
disdain, rudeness honor, reverence

Compassion indifference, apathy, kindness, sympathy, care,

10 Noun
(empathy) cruelty, coldness understanding

improbability, limitation,
Potential capability, capacity,
11 Noun incapability,
(possibility) aptitude, promise
impossibility
 Independent (self- dependent, reliant, autonomous, free, self-
12 Adjective
reliant) subordinate, constrained sufficient, liberated

similar, uniform, varied, different, assorted,

13 Diverse (varied) Adjective
identical, monotonous multifarious

dishonesty, corruption, uprightness, morality,

14 Integrity (honesty) Noun
deceit, fraud sincerity, truthfulness

discord, conflict, chaos, unity, accord, concord,

15 Harmony (peace) Noun
disagreement balance

Productivity inefficiency, idleness, output, performance,

16 Noun
(efficiency) inactivity, laziness yield, effectiveness

irrational, unreasonable, sensible, reasonable,

17 Rational (logical) Adjective
illogical, absurd sound, coherent

criticize, undervalue, admire, cherish,

18 Appreciate (value) Verb
disregard, overlook recognize, treasure

Success failure, defeat, loss, accomplishment, victory,

19 Noun
(achievement) setback triumph, attainment

Belonging alienation, separation, inclusion, association,

20 Noun
(attachment) exclusion, detachment connection, fellowship

inspiration, incentive,
discouragement, apathy,
21 Motivation (drive) Noun determination,
indifference, laziness
encouragement

Communicate silence, withhold, express, share, articulate,

22 Verb
(convey) suppress, conceal transmit

Progressive regressive, reactionary, advanced, modern,

23 Adjective
(forward-thinking) conservative, stagnant reformist, innovative

Opportunity misfortune, obstacle, possibility, prospect,

24 Noun
(chance) disadvantage, hindrance opening, option

insignificance,
Value worth, merit,
25 Noun unimportance, triviality,
(importance) significance, esteem
disregard

incompetence, inability, proficiency, mastery,

26 Skill (expertise) Noun
ineptness, clumsiness talent, aptitude
 Enlightened ignorant, unenlightened, aware, educated,
27 Adjective
(informed) unaware, foolish knowledgeable, wise

Articulate inarticulate, mute, eloquent, fluent, clear,

28 Adjective
(expressive) unclear, hesitant coherent

distrust, suspicion, doubt, confidence, reliance,

29 Trust (faith) Noun
disbelief belief, assurance

unambitious,
Competitive driven, enterprising,
30 Adjective uncompetitive, passive,
(ambitious) aggressive, aspiring
indifferent

Industrious lazy, idle, indolent, diligent, assiduous,

31 Adjective
(hardworking) unproductive active, tireless

Beauty ugliness, deformity, charm, elegance, grace,

32 Noun
(attractiveness) repulsiveness, plainness loveliness

Bounty scarcity, shortage, plenty, generosity,

33 Noun
(abundance) insufficiency, dearth wealth, profusion

intolerance, impatience,
Tolerance acceptance, endurance,
34 Noun rigidity, narrow-
(patience) forbearance, leniency
mindedness

Achievement failure, setback, defeat, accomplishment,

35 Noun
(success) downfall attainment, triumph, feat

injustice, bias, inequality, equity, impartiality,

36 Justice (fairness) Noun
partiality righteousness, integrity

Responsible irresponsible, unreliable, trustworthy, dependable,

37 Adjective
(accountable) careless, negligent conscientious, reliable

opaque, obscure, unclear, open, obvious, plain,

38 Transparent (clear) Adjective
hidden explicit

insecure, unsafe, protected, guarded,

39 Secure (safe) Adjective
vulnerable, endangered stable, reliable

Intellectual ignorant, uneducated, cerebral, academic,

40 Adjective
(mental) foolish, unintelligent rational, scholarly

dull, lifeless, sluggish, energetic, dynamic,

41 Vibrant (lively) Adjective
inactive spirited, bright
 Cooperation conflict, rivalry, teamwork, partnership,
42 Noun
(collaboration) opposition, discord alliance, harmony

wither, decline, prosper, bloom, grow,

43 Flourish (thrive) Verb
deteriorate, languish succeed

fragile, weak, brittle, tough, durable, hardy,

44 Resilient (strong) Adjective
vulnerable adaptable

Unity division, disunity, solidarity, cohesion,

45 Noun
(togetherness) separation, discord harmony, union

UNIT -1 Education and Life

Lesson 2- Education and Technology
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Artificial (Made by human Natural, Organic, Genuine, Synthetic, Man-made,
1 Adjective
skill; not natural) Real Engineered, Fabricated
Intelligence (The ability to Ignorance, Stupidity, Knowledge, Smarts,
2 Noun
acquire knowledge and skills) Foolishness, Ineptitude Wisdom, Aptitude
Revolutionize (To completely
Stagnate, Maintain, Transform, Overhaul,
3 change or transform Verb
Preserve, Continue Redesign, Innovate
something)
Personalized (Tailored to meet
General, Standardized, Custom, Tailored,
4 individual needs or Adjective
Uniform, Generic Individualized, Unique
preferences)
Manual, Hand-operated,
Automate (To make a process Mechanize, Systematize,
5 Verb Labor-intensive,
operate automatically) Streamline, Program
Unautomated
Feedback (Information about
Criticism, Censure, Response, Evaluation,
6 reactions to a product or Noun
Disapproval, Rejection Opinion, Advice
performance)
Repetitive (Involving
Unique, Novel, One-time, Redundant, Routine,
7 repetition, often boring or Adjective
Infrequent Monotonous, Recurring
tedious)
Constraints,
Limitations (Boundaries or Freedom, Openness,
8 Noun Restrictions,
restrictions) Expansion, Potential
Boundaries, Drawbacks
Hinder, Obstruct, Impede, Help, Aid, Support,
9 Assist (To help or support) Verb
Block Facilitate
Threat (A statement or Protection, Security, Safety, Danger, Risk, Menace,
10 Noun
indication of possible harm) Guarantee Hazard
Redundant (Unnecessary Superfluous,
Essential, Necessary,
11 because it is more than what is Adjective Unnecessary, Excessive,
Important, Required
needed) Repetitive
Barriers (Obstacles or Access, Opportunity, Obstruction, Blockage,
12 Noun
hindrances) Opening, Allowance Impediment, Hindrance
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Resources (Supplies, materials, Shortage, Lack, Scarcity, Assets, Tools, Supplies,
13 Noun
or assets available for use) Deprivation Materials
Interaction (Communication or Communication,
Isolation, Separation,
14 direct involvement between Noun Contact, Engagement,
Disconnection, Avoidance
people) Dialogue
Privacy (The state of being free Exposure, Publicity, Secrecy, Confidentiality,
15 Noun
from unauthorized observation) Disclosure, Unveiling Solitude, Protection
Security (The state of being Danger, Risk, Insecurity, Safety, Protection,
16 Noun
free from danger or threat) Vulnerability Defense, Assurance
Emotional (Relating to feelings Indifferent, Apathetic, Cold, Sensitive, Expressive,
17 Adjective
or emotions) Unfeeling Passionate, Sentimental
Support (Assistance provided Hindrance, Obstruction, Aid, Assistance, Help,
18 Noun
to help someone or something) Blockage, Burden Guidance
Ethical (Relating to moral Unethical, Immoral, Corrupt, Moral, Right, Principled,
19 Adjective
principles) Dishonest Honest
Consider (To think about Ignore, Disregard, Overlook, Ponder, Reflect,
20 Verb
something carefully) Neglect Contemplate, Evaluate
Barrier (An obstacle that Opening, Passage, Freedom, Obstacle, Block,
21 Noun
prevents movement or access) Gateway Hindrance, Wall
Ethical (Relating to ethics and Unethical, Immoral, Corrupt, Moral, Righteous, Fair,
22 Adjective
moral principles) Dishonest Just
Develop (To grow or evolve Stagnate, Deteriorate, Grow, Advance,
23 Verb
over time) Decline, Wither Improve, Cultivate
Performance (The way in Execution,
Failure, Incompetence,
24 which something functions or Noun Achievement, Function,
Deficiency, Weakness
is carried out) Action
Unimaginative,
Innovative (Introducing or Creative, Inventive,
25 Adjective Conventional, Traditional,
using new ideas or methods) Original, Pioneering
Stagnant
Limitations (The act of limiting Freedom, Opportunity, Boundaries, Constraints,
26 Noun
or restricting something) Potential, Expansion Restrictions, Obstacles
Hinder, Block, Obstruct, Aid, Support, Help,
27 Assist (To give help or support) Verb
Prevent Facilitate
Access (The ability to Entry, Admission,
Obstruction, Blockage,
28 approach, reach, or use Noun Availability,
Denial, Barrier
something) Opportunity
Students (Individuals who are
Teachers, Educators, Learners, Pupils,
29 learning, typically in school or Noun
Instructors, Mentors Scholars, Trainees
college)
Data (Facts or information Ignorance, Unawareness, Information, Facts,
30 Noun
collected for analysis) Misunderstanding, Fiction Statistics, Details
Improve (To make something Deteriorate, Decline, Enhance, Upgrade,
31 Verb
better or more effective) Weaken, Worsen Refine, Strengthen
Creativity (The ability to Unimaginativeness, Routine, Originality, Innovation,
32 Noun
produce original ideas) Stagnation, Conventionality Ingenuity, Imagination
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Technology (The application of
Simplicity, Nature, Innovation, Electronics,
33 scientific knowledge for Noun
Tradition, Manual labor Machinery, Equipment
practical purposes)
Integration (The act of Unification,
Segregation, Separation,
34 combining or coordinating Noun Combination, Blending,
Division, Exclusion
different parts) Merging
Opportunity (A chance for Obstacle, Hindrance, Chance, Possibility,
35 Noun
progress or advancement) Setback, Block Opening, Prospect
Creative (Having the ability to
Unimaginative, Dull, Inventive, Original,
36 make new things or think in Adjective
Conventional, Routine Artistic, Innovative
novel ways)
Personalized (Customized or Generalized, Standard, Tailored, Custom,
37 Adjective
tailored to a specific person) Unspecified, Uncustomized Individualized, Unique
Unique (Being one of a kind, Common, Ordinary, Typical, Distinct, Singular,
38 Adjective
unlike anything else) Standard Exceptional, Uncommon
Provide (To supply or make Withhold, Deny, Deprive, Supply, Offer, Furnish,
39 Verb
available) Take Grant
Revolutionize (To completely Preserve, Maintain, Keep, Transform, Overhaul,
40 Verb
change or transform) Stabilize Alter, Reform

UNIT -1 Education and Life

Lesson 3- Children in School

Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Wall, Block, Obstruction, Door, Portal, Entry,
1 Gate (Entrance or barrier) Noun
Barrier Threshold
Growing (Increasing in size Shrinking, Diminishing, Expanding, Rising,
2 Adjective
or height) Declining, Fading Increasing, Developing
Twigs (Small branches or Branches, Stems, Sprigs,
3 Noun Trunk, Stem, Branch, Log
shoots) Shoots
Shrubbery (A group of small Clearing, Open space, Bushes, Bush, Hedge,
4 Noun
bushes or shrubs) Desert, Open field Foliage
Sparkling (Shining with Shiny, Gleaming,
5 Adjective Dull, Matte, Dark, Foggy
bright flashes of light) Glimmering, Radiant
Disappointed (Feeling
Satisfied, Happy, Pleased, Upset, Dismayed,
6 sadness due to unmet Adjective
Content Frustrated, Discouraged
expectations)
Polite (Having good Rude, Impolite, Courteous, Respectful,
7 Adjective
manners) Disrespectful, Insolent Civil, Considerate
Accept (To receive or agree Reject, Deny, Refuse, Approve, Acknowledge,
8 Verb
to) Disallow Welcome, Embrace
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Decide (To make a choice Hesitate, Waffle, Determine, Choose,
9 Verb
after consideration) Undecided, Vacillate Resolve, Settle
Better (More suitable or Worse, Inferior, Poorer, Improved, Superior,
10 Adjective
effective) Substandard Enhanced, Finer
Disappointed (Let down or
Content, Happy, Satisfied, Upset, Dismayed,
11 sad due to unmet Adjective
Pleased Frustrated, Dejected
expectations)
Whispered (To speak softly Shouted, Yelled, Hollered, Murmured, Hushed,
12 Verb
or quietly) Screamed Mumbled, Soft-spoken
Patience (The ability to wait Impatience, Agitation, Endurance, Tolerance,
13 Noun
calmly) Restlessness, Irritability Calmness, Forbearance
Confusion, Perception,
Sense (A feeling or
14 Noun Misunderstanding, Understanding,
understanding)
Unawareness, Ignorance Awareness, Insight
Boredom, Unpleasantness, Enjoyment, Amusement,
15 Fun (Enjoyable or amusing) Noun
Dullness, Displeasure Entertainment, Liveliness
Seriousness (Being earnest or Playfulness, Lightness, Gravity, Solemnity,
16 Noun
solemn) Levity, Carelessness Importance, Intensity
Unique, Rare,
Unusual (Not normal or Ordinary, Typical,
17 Adjective Exceptional,
common) Common, Regular
Extraordinary
Explain (To make clear or Confuse, Obscure, Mislead, Clarify, Describe,
18 Verb
understandable) Complicate Elucidate, Illustrate
Question (To ask about Confirm, Affirm, Assert, Inquire, Ask, Probe,
19 Verb
something) State Query
Dreaming (Experiencing
Waking, Realizing, Imagining, Fantasizing,
20 vivid thoughts during sleep Verb
Perceiving, Aware Visualizing, Envisioning
or imagination)
Racing (Moving very Slowing, Crawling, Running, Sprinting,
21 Verb
quickly) Stopping, Hiding Dashing, Galloping
Holding (To grasp something Releasing, Dropping, Grasping, Clutching,
22 Verb
in one's hand) Letting go, Freeing Seizing, Gripping
Catch (To capture or grab
23 Verb Miss, Lose, Drop, Release Grab, Seize, Snatch, Trap
something)
Top (The highest point or Bottom, Base, Low, Summit, Peak, Apex,
24 Noun
upper surface) Underside Crest
Fearing (Being afraid of Reassured, Confident, Dreading, Worrying,
25 Verb
something) Brave, Unafraid Apprehensive, Anxious
Serious (Not joking or Lighthearted, Playful, Grave, Solemn, Earnest,
26 Adjective
playful) Carefree, Joking Severe
Change (To make or become Stabilize, Stay, Maintain, Alter, Modify, Transform,
27 Verb
different) Preserve Shift
Admit (To confess or Deny, Reject, Conceal, Acknowledge, Confess,
28 Verb
acknowledge) Refuse Grant, Allow
Quiet (Making little or no Loud, Noisy, Boisterous, Silent, Calm, Hushed,
29 Adjective
noise) Rowdy Muffled
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Behind (At the back of Ahead, In front, Leading, After, Rear, Following,
30 Preposition
something) Foremost Back
Waiting (Remaining in one
Rushing, Moving, Acting, Lingering, Pausing,
31 place until something Verb
Leaving Delaying, Expecting
happens)
Catch (To seize or take hold
32 Verb Drop, Miss, Lose, Release Grab, Snatch, Seize, Hold
of)
Pleasant (Giving a sense of Unpleasant, Disagreeable, Enjoyable, Agreeable,
33 Adjective
enjoyment or satisfaction) Unfriendly, Harsh Nice, Delightful
Lecture hall, Study room,
Classroom (A room where Corridor, Hallway, Outside,
34 Noun Schoolroom, Education
lessons are taught) Courtyard
room
Sitting (Being seated or in a Standing, Rising, Walking, Resting, Perching,
35 Verb
position of rest) Moving Settling, Reposing
Enjoyable (Causing Displeasing, Boring, Fun, Pleasurable,
36 Adjective
happiness or satisfaction) Uninteresting, Dull Entertaining, Delightful
Tolerant (Willing to allow Intolerant, Judgmental,
Accepting, Open-minded,
37 the existence of opinions or Adjective Discriminatory, Narrow-
Understanding, Patient
behavior) minded
Unique (Being the only one Common, Ordinary, Distinct, Special,
38 Adjective
of its kind) Typical, Standard Individual, Rare
Kind (Being gentle, friendly, Gentle, Compassionate,
39 Adjective Cruel, Mean, Harsh, Rude
and considerate) Benevolent, Caring
Remembering (To recall or Forgetting, Ignoring, Recalling, Recollecting,
40 Verb
bring to mind) Neglecting, Overlooking Reminiscing, Retaining

Key Word List from the Excerpt on the Headmaster

Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Hasty (Done quickly without Slow, Deliberate, Careful, Rushed, Impulsive, Swift,
1 Adjective
thought) Thoughtful Hurried
Energetically, Cheerfully,
Spiritedly (With energy and Lazily, Weary,
2 Adverb Vigorously,
enthusiasm) Reluctantly, Dully
Enthusiastically
Embarrassed (Feeling self- Comfortable, Confident, Ashamed, Awkward, Self-
3 Adjective
conscious or awkward) Relaxed, At ease conscious, Mortified
Delighted (Feeling great Disappointed, Sad, Upset, Pleased, Happy, Thrilled,
4 Adjective
pleasure or joy) Unhappy Elated
Uneasiness (A feeling of Comfort, Calm, Assurance, Anxiety, Nervousness,
5 Noun
discomfort or worry) Confidence Apprehension, Restlessness
Bravely (Courageously or Fearfully, Cautiously, Boldly, Confidently,
6 Adverb
fearlessly) Timidly, Reluctantly Daringly, Heroically
Shut (To close something Open, Uncover, Unfasten,
7 Verb Close, Seal, Secure, Fasten
completely) Unlock
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Tell (To give information or Hide, Conceal, Withhold, Inform, Explain,
8 Verb
describe) Keep quiet Communicate, Reveal
Higgledy-piggledy (In a
Orderly, Neat, Organized, Chaotic, Messy, Jumbled,
9 disorganized or chaotic Adjective
Systematic Confused
manner)
Uselessness,
Worth (Value, usefulness, or Value, Significance,
10 Noun Worthlessness, Triviality,
importance) Importance, Merit
Insignificance
Laugh (To express joy or Giggle, Chuckle, Smile,
11 Verb Cry, Sob, Weep, Frown
amusement) Cackle
Nod (To move the head up
Shake, Refuse, Deny, Agree, Acknowledge,
12 and down, usually in Verb
Reject Confirm, Approve
agreement)
Sad (Feeling sorrow or Happy, Joyful, Cheerful, Unhappy, Miserable,
13 Adjective
unhappiness) Pleased Melancholy, Depressed
Intact, Unbroken, Whole, Ripped, Frayed, Shredded,
14 Torn (Ripped or damaged) Adjective
Undamaged Broken
Whole, Unbroken, Intact, Pieces, Fragments, Scraps,
15 Shreds (Torn or cut pieces) Noun
Complete Bits
Explain (To make something Confuse, Obscure, Clarify, Describe, Illustrate,
16 Verb
clear or understandable) Complicate, Mislead Elucidate
Mention (To refer to Ignore, Omit, Overlook,
17 Verb State, Say, Refer, Discuss
something briefly) Exclude
Told (Past tense of "tell" - to Mislead, Hide, Withhold, Informed, Communicated,
18 Verb
inform or explain) Deceive Relayed, Described
Encountered, Grew
Met (To come into contact
19 Verb Avoid, Shun, Miss, Bypass acquainted, Interacted,
with someone)
Greeted
Different (Not the same as Same, Identical, Alike, Unusual, Unique, Distinct,
20 Adjective
something else) Equal Divergent
Normal, Usual, Familiar, Unusual, Odd, Weird,
21 Strange (Unfamiliar or odd) Adjective
Common Peculiar
Safe (Protected from danger Dangerous, Unsafe, Risky, Secure, Protected, Shielded,
22 Adjective
or harm) Harmful Unthreatened
Warm (Having or giving off Hot, Cozy, Toasty,
23 Adjective Cold, Chilly, Freezing, Icy
heat) Comfortable
Happy (Feeling joy or Sad, Unhappy, Miserable, Joyful, Cheerful, Content,
24 Adjective
contentment) Depressed Pleased
Listen (To pay attention to Ignore, Disregard, Tune Hear, Attend, Heed,
25 Verb
sound or speech) out, Neglect Concentrate
Bored (Lacking interest or Engaged, Interested, Disinterested, Unengaged,
26 Adjective
excitement) Excited, Enthusiastic Unenthusiastic, Dull
Amazing (Causing wonder or Unimpressive, Ordinary, Astonishing, Staggering,
27 Adjective
surprise) Dull, Unremarkable Extraordinary, Remarkable
Expelled (Formally removed Admitted, Accepted, Removed, Banned, Ousted,
28 Verb
from a place or group) Included, Welcomed Dismissed
Sl. Parts of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No Speech
Grateful (Feeling Ungrateful, Thankless, Thankful, Appreciative,
29 Adjective
thankfulness or appreciation) Discontent, Unappreciative Obliged, Indebted
Listen (To give attention with Ignore, Disregard, Tune Hear, Attend, Concentrate,
30 Verb
intent to hear) out, Neglect Focus

UNIT -1 Education and Life

Lesson 4- Civic Engagement

Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No. Speech
Civic (relating to rural, private, communal, public,
1 Adjective
citizens) individual, personal societal, urban
disengagement, participation,
Engagement
2 Noun detachment, separation, involvement,
(involvement)
disinterest commitment, interaction
Volunteerism
indifference, apathy, altruism, charity,
3 (helping without Noun
coercion, selfishness selflessness, philanthropy
pay)
discourage, demotivate, encourage, motivate,
4 Inspire (motivate) Verb
dishearten, suppress uplift, stimulate
Illuminate darken, obscure, enlighten, clarify,
5 Verb
(enlighten) confuse, dim brighten, reveal
negative, adverse,
optimistic, favorable,
6 Positive (favorable) Adjective unfavorable,
beneficial, constructive
pessimistic
Responsible irresponsible, careless, accountable, dependable,
7 Adjective
(accountable) reckless, unaccountable trustworthy, liable
Discrimination equality, fairness, bias, prejudice,
8 Noun
(unfair treatment) impartiality, tolerance favoritism, injustice
fairness, equity,
injustice, bias,
9 Justice (fairness) Noun impartiality,
partiality, inequality
righteousness
indifference, apathy, worry, anxiety, care,
10 Concern (worry) Noun
carelessness, neglect apprehension
support, agreement, objection, demonstration,
11 Protest (objection) Noun/Verb
approval, consent dissent, opposition
planned, deliberate,
Spontaneous impulsive, unplanned,
12 Adjective calculated,
(unplanned) instinctive, voluntary
premeditated
lower, reduce, diminish, increase, elevate, uplift,
13 Raise (increase) Verb
decrease boost
Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No. Speech
disengage, withdraw, participate, involve,
14 Engage (participate) Verb
abstain, ignore enlist, interact
Contribution withdrawal, subtraction, donation, offering,
15 Noun
(donation) reduction, refusal addition, input
Affected unaffected, immune, influenced, impacted,
16 Adjective
(influenced) indifferent, impervious touched, moved
Accommodate reject, displace, shelter, house, lodge,
17 Verb
(provide space) exclude, deny adjust
neglect, ignore, guarantee, secure,
18 Ensure (guarantee) Verb
disregard, overlook confirm, certify
insignificance,
Priority precedence, importance,
19 Noun triviality, unimportance,
(importance) preference, ranking
secondary
Sufficient insufficient, inadequate, adequate, ample, enough,
20 Adjective
(adequate) scarce, deficient satisfactory
comfort, relief, joy, pain, suffering, agony,
21 Distress (suffering) Noun
solace misery
oppose, hinder, assist, aid, uphold,
22 Support (assist) Verb/Noun
obstruct, neglect reinforce
Contribution withdrawal, subtraction, donation, offering,
23 Noun
(donation) reduction, refusal addition, input
Reward penalty, punishment, prize, compensation,
24 Noun
(compensation) forfeit, loss award, benefit
unconcerned,
Concerned anxious, worried,
25 Adjective indifferent, apathetic,
(worried) attentive, interested
careless
Responsible irresponsible, reckless, dependable, trustworthy,
26 Adjective
(accountable) careless, unaccountable accountable, liable
uncommitted,
Dedicated devoted, loyal,
27 Adjective indifferent, apathetic,
(committed) committed, focused
negligent
Empower disempower, weaken, enable, authorize,
28 Verb
(authorize) restrict, deprive strengthen, equip
Reflect (think disregard, ignore, ponder, consider,
29 Verb
deeply) dismiss, neglect contemplate, think
hesitate, waver, doubt, decide, settle, conclude,
30 Resolve (determine) Verb
defer determine
demotivate, discourage, encourage, motivate,
31 Inspire (motivate) Verb
dishearten, deter uplift, stimulate
Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) 4 Antonyms 4 Synonyms
No. Speech
neglect, abandon, implement, perform,
32 Execute (carry out) Verb
ignore, delay carry out, accomplish
oppose, criticize, support, promote,
33 Advocate (support) Verb/Noun
condemn, reject champion, endorse
Criticize praise, commend, disapprove, condemn,
34 Verb
(disapprove) approve, compliment denounce, reprimand
Essential unnecessary, optional, necessary, crucial, vital,
35 Adjective
(necessary) trivial, redundant indispensable
care, attend, maintain, ignore, disregard,
36 Neglect (ignore) Verb
uphold overlook, abandon
individual, loner, society, group,
37 Community (group) Noun
isolation, solitude collective, populace
Advocate opponent, critic, supporter, proponent,
38 Noun
(supporter) adversary, antagonist backer, champion
inactive, passive, energetic, dynamic,
39 Active (energetic) Adjective
lethargic, sluggish lively, engaged
Promote demote, hinder, encourage, advance,
40 Verb
(encourage) obstruct, suppress support, boost
ignorance, knowledge,
Awareness
41 Noun unawareness, consciousness,
(knowledge)
obliviousness, disregard mindfulness, recognition
followership,
Leadership guidance, direction,
42 Noun subordination,
(guidance) management, command
passivity, inferiority
insignificance,
influence, effect,
43 Impact (effect) Noun irrelevance, inaction,
consequence, outcome
detachment
Constructive destructive, harmful, productive, positive,
44 Adjective
(helpful) negative, unhelpful helpful, beneficial
success,
Achievement failure, defeat, loss,
45 Noun accomplishment, victory,
(success) setback
triumph

Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) Synonyms Antonyms
No. Speech
Enlightens (makes Illuminates, educates, Darkens, obscures,
1 Verb
clear) clarifies confuses
Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) Synonyms Antonyms
No. Speech
Fear, cowardice,
2 Courage (bravery) Noun Bravery, valor, fortitude
timidity
Weakness, frailty,
3 Strength (power) Noun Power, force, toughness
fragility
Doubt, disbelief,
4 Faith (trust) Noun Trust, belief, confidence
skepticism
Aspiration, optimism, Despair, hopelessness,
5 Hope (expectation) Noun
dream doubt
Affection, fondness, Hate, indifference,
6 Love (affection) Noun
devotion animosity
Polite (well- Courteous, respectful, Rude, impolite,
7 Adjective
mannered) civil discourteous
Charitable, unselfish,
8 Generous (kind) Adjective Stingy, selfish, miserly
kind
Companions Friends, partners, Enemies, strangers,
9 Noun
(friends) comrades adversaries
Wonder, marvel, Disaster, calamity,
10 Miracle (wonder) Noun
phenomenon failure
Encourage, stimulate, Discourage,
11 Inspire (motivate) Verb
energize demotivate, deter
Success Victory, triumph,
12 Noun Failure, loss, defeat
(achievement) accomplishment
Glow, radiance, Darkness, shadow,
13 Light (illumination) Noun
brightness obscurity
Fragility, vulnerability, Strength, power,
14 Weakness (frailty) Noun
flaw toughness
Failure (lack of Success, achievement,
15 Noun Defeat, loss, setback
success) victory
Incentive, inspiration, Apathy, indifference,
16 Motivation (drive) Noun
push lethargy
Reality, nightmare,
17 Dream (aspiration) Noun Vision, goal, ambition
despair
Endurance, Impatience, irritation,
18 Patience (tolerance) Noun
perseverance, calmness restlessness
Death, extinction,
19 Life (existence) Noun Being, living, vitality
lifelessness
Knowledge Understanding, insight, Ignorance,
20 Noun
(awareness) wisdom unawareness, confusion
Wisdom (good Prudence, intelligence, Foolishness, stupidity,
21 Noun
judgment) insight ignorance
Sl Part of
Word (Meaning) Synonyms Antonyms
No. Speech
Equity, impartiality, Injustice, bias,
22 Justice (fairness) Noun
righteousness unfairness
Strengthen (make Weaken, reduce,
23 Verb Fortify, reinforce, bolster
stronger) undermine
Involve, participate, Withdraw, disengage,
24 Engage (participate) Verb
interact retreat
Discourage,
25 Inspire (encourage) Verb Motivate, uplift, energize
demoralize, hinder
Achieve Accomplish, attain,
26 Verb Fail, lose, abandon
(accomplish) fulfill
Criticize, disregard,
27 Appreciate (value) Verb Admire, respect, cherish
neglect
Encourage (give Discourage, hinder,
28 Verb Promote, support, inspire
support) suppress
Defend, safeguard, Harm, endanger,
29 Protect (shield) Verb
secure expose
Tranquility, calmness, Conflict, chaos,
30 Peace (harmony) Noun
serenity disturbance

Unit -2 Art and Craft

Lesson 1- What is beauty?
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) A combination of
Elegance, loveliness, Ugliness, plainness,
1 Beauty qualities that pleases the
charm, attractiveness repulsiveness, deformity
senses
(adj) Hard to define or Hard, tough, complicated, Easy, simple,
2 Difficult
understand challenging straightforward, clear
(adj) Free from control or Autonomous, self- Dependent, reliant,
3 Independent
influence sufficient, free, sovereign subordinate, controlled
(adj) Present or occurring Global, widespread, all- Specific, limited, localized,
4 Universal
everywhere encompassing, general exclusive
(v) To be disgusted or Disgusted, revolted, Attracted, charmed, drawn,
5 Repulsed
pushed away appalled, horrified enamored
(n/v) A strong feeling of Want, wish, longing, Disinterest, indifference,
6 Desire
wanting something craving aversion, rejection
(n) Lack of fairness or Unfairness, inequality, Justice, fairness, equality,
7 Injustice
justice wrong, oppression righteousness
Restrict, limit, constrain, Free, release, liberate,
8 Confine (v) To keep within limits
enclose unbind
Overlook, disregard, Notice, observe, heed,
9 Ignore (v) To pay no attention to
neglect, avoid acknowledge
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) The quality of being Reality, fact, veracity, Falsehood, lie, deception,
10 Truth
true, accurate, or factual authenticity inaccuracy
(adv) In a calm and peaceful Calmly, peacefully, Agitatedly, anxiously,
11 Serenely
manner tranquilly, quietly turbulently, harshly
Gentle, soft,
(adj) Showing care,
12 Tender compassionate, Rough, hard, harsh, cruel
kindness, or gentleness
affectionate
(n) Elegance or beauty of Elegance, charm, poise, Clumsiness, awkwardness,
13 Grace
movement or expression refinement inelegance, brutality
(adj) Fluent or persuasive in Articulate, expressive, Inarticulate, tongue-tied,
14 Eloquent
speech or writing persuasive, vivid dull, unexpressive
(adj) Free from guilt or Pure, blameless, virtuous, Guilty, corrupt, immoral,
15 Innocent
wrongdoing untainted wicked
16 Tomb (n) A grave or burial place Grave, burial, crypt, vault None, living, life, vitality
(n) Brothers; members of a Brothers, kin, comrades, Strangers, outsiders,
17 Brethren
particular group or religion companions enemies, foes
(n) A small, soft plant None (specific to the plant
18 Moss Lichen, fern, algae, plant
growing in damp places type)
(n) Relatives, family Strangers, outsiders, non-
19 Kinsmen Relatives, family, clan, kin
members relatives
(v) To extend or stretch out Attained, arrived, Missed, avoided, failed,
20 Reached
to a point approached, touched bypassed

Unit -2 Art and Craft

Lesson 2- Folk Music

Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) Traditional music of a Traditional, indigenous, Modern, contemporary,
1 Folk
community rural, local urban, foreign
(n) Something inherited Legacy, tradition, Disinheritance, loss,
2 Heritage
from previous generations inheritance, culture removal, destruction
(n/v) The power to affect or Impact, effect, control, Weakness, indifference,
3 Influence
change something power impotence, neglect
(adj) Not affected by outside Unchanged, unaffected, Affected, influenced,
4 Uninfluenced
factors undisturbed, immune controlled, altered
(adj) Very old or from a Old, prehistoric, archaic, Modern, new, recent,
5 Ancient
long time ago timeless contemporary
(adj) Done without planning Impulsive, instinctive, Planned, deliberate,
6 Spontaneous
or preparation unplanned, automatic intentional, premeditated
(n) A particular form of Standard, uniform,
Language, vernacular,
7 Dialect language spoken in a official language, dialect-
speech, accent
specific region less
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(adj) Easy to understand or Basic, straightforward, Complex, complicated,
8 Simple
do uncomplicated, clear difficult, intricate
(adj) Relating to or Emotional, passionate, Unemotional, indifferent,
9 Emotive
expressing emotions sentimental, heartfelt apathetic, stoic
(n) The physical world and Environment, outdoors, Urban, artificial, man-
10 Nature
everything in it natural world, scenery made, synthetic
(adj) Applicable to all Global, widespread, Specific, localized,
11 Universal
people or things general, common limited, exclusive
(n) The act of conveying Communication, portrayal, Suppression, restraint,
12 Expression
thoughts or feelings demonstration, show concealment, silence
(adj) Relating to the non- Non-religious, worldly, Religious, spiritual,
13 Secular
religious world temporal, earthly sacred, divine
(n) A feeling of great Happiness, delight, Sorrow, sadness, misery,
14 Joy
pleasure or happiness pleasure, elation grief
(n) A feeling of deep Grief, sadness, mourning, Joy, happiness, pleasure,
15 Sorrow
sadness or regret misery bliss
(n) A sequence of musical
Tune, song, harmony, Dissonance, discord,
16 Melody notes that are pleasant to
theme noise, harshness
hear
(adj) Relating to mysticism Spiritual, otherworldly, Earthly, material,
17 Mystical
or supernatural matters magical, transcendental mundane, unspiritual
(n) The surroundings or
Surroundings, atmosphere, Pollution, degradation,
18 Environment conditions in which
setting, habitat urbanization, disruption
someone lives
Communication,
(n) Mutual or reciprocal Isolation, detachment,
19 Interaction connection, engagement,
action or influence separation, disconnection
contact
(n) The social behavior and
Tradition, heritage, Barbarism, ignorance,
20 Culture norms found in human
customs, civilization illiteracy, simplicity
societies
(n) A specific area or part of Whole, entirety,
21 Region Area, zone, district, locality
a country or the world universal, global
(adj) Relating to religion or Spiritual, sacred, divine, Secular, non-religious,
22 Religious
faith holy earthly, profane
(n) A group of people Group, ensemble, choir, Solo, individual, single,
23 Chorus
singing together band lone
Superficiality,
(n) The distinctive qualities Nature, personality, traits,
24 Character shallowness,
of someone or something qualities
insignificance
(adv) Only, without others Solely, purely, only, Inclusively, generally,
25 Exclusively
included uniquely commonly, widely
Males, guys, gentlemen, Women, females, girls,
26 Men (n) Adult human males
lads ladies
Females, ladies, girls, Men, males, boys,
27 Women (n) Adult human females
womenfolk gentlemen
(v) To take part in an Engage, join, contribute, Withdraw, avoid, neglect,
28 Participate
activity partake refuse
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) A day or period of Celebration, event, holiday, Workday, routine,
29 Festival
celebration and activity gathering mundane, ordinary
(n) The state of being
Disparity, injustice, Equality, fairness,
30 Inequality unequal, especially in status
discrimination, imbalance balance, justice
or rights

Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) A symbol or person
Symbol, emblem, figure, Outcast, misfit,
1 Icon representing a particular
representative nonentity, anomaly
tradition
(v) To teach or advocate
Taught, advocated, Opposed, discouraged,
2 Preached religious or philosophical
proclaimed, promoted denied, resisted
beliefs
Patience, forbearance, Intolerance, bias,
(n) The ability or willingness
3 Tolerance acceptance, open- prejudice, narrow-
to accept differences
mindedness mindedness
(v) To refuse to accept, Decline, dismiss, refuse, Accept, approve,
4 Reject
believe, or approve repudiate embrace, welcome
(adj) Pertaining to mysticism, Spiritual, transcendental, Rational, logical,
5 Mystical
an esoteric or spiritual belief occult, divine materialistic, mundane
(adj) Following established Conventional, structured, Informal, casual,
6 Formal
rules or customs official, set relaxed, unconventional
(n) A journey to a sacred Journey, quest, Stay, rest, idleness,
7 Pilgrimage
place for religious reasons expedition, trip immobility
(n) A lifestyle of self-
Self-denial, austerity, Hedonism, indulgence,
8 Asceticism discipline, often for religious
abstinence, discipline luxury, pleasure
reasons
(n) Followers or students of a Followers, pupils, Detractors, opponents,
9 Disciples
teacher or philosophy adherents, learners rebels, adversaries
Obscurity,
(n) The state of being widely Renown, glory,
10 Fame insignificance,
known and honored reputation, prominence
anonymity, neglect
(n) The act of focusing the Contemplation,
Distraction, agitation,
11 Meditation mind for spiritual or reflection, mindfulness,
confusion, disturbance
relaxation purposes prayer
(n) Strong commitment or
Commitment, loyalty, Disloyalty, indifference,
12 Devotion dedication to something or
dedication, faith apathy, neglect
someone
(n) A spiritual practice or Practice, ritual, exercise, Inaction, neglect,
13 Sadhana
discipline for reaching a goal discipline laziness, abandonment
(n) A religious community or
Abbey, convent, Secular place,
14 Monastery residence for monks or
hermitage, retreat marketplace, city
ascetics
(n) A set of beliefs or
Doctrine, worldview, Ignorance, absurdity,
15 Philosophy principles that guide life and
ideology, belief system illogic, irrationality
behavior
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(v) To have an effect on the
Affect, sway, impact, Dissuade, hinder,
16 Influence character, development, or
shape oppose, resist
behavior of someone
(n) People who respect or
Fans, followers, Critics, detractors,
17 Admirers have affection for someone or
supporters, enthusiasts enemies, opposition
something
(v) To create or write music, Created, wrote, designed, Destroyed, dismantled,
18 Composed
poems, or songs crafted erased, discarded
(n) A musical part that Support, harmony, Isolation, independence,
19 Accompaniment
supports the main part background, ensemble dissonance, detachment
(adj) Pertaining to religion or Devout, spiritual, pious, Secular, irreligious,
20 Religious
belief in a deity sacred atheist, profane

Unit -2 Art and Craft

Lesson 3- Art
Lesson 4-Craft
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) The expression of human Creativity, craftsmanship, Inactivity, dullness,
1 Art
imagination in various forms expression, design dullness, drudgery
(n) Practical application of
Handicraft, workmanship, Incompetence, laziness,
2 Craft skill to create functional
skill, trade negligence, clumsiness
objects
(n) The ability to create new Creativity, vision, Reality, fact, truth,
3 Imagination
ideas or images not present inventiveness, originality materiality
(n) The act of conveying Communication, Suppression,
4 Expression thoughts, feelings, or articulation, manifestation, concealment, silence,
emotions utterance reservation
(adj) Related to beauty or Artistic, visually pleasing, Unattractive, ugly,
5 Aesthetic
artistic value elegant, attractive displeasing, ugly
Exalt, praise, celebrate, Disparage, criticize,
6 Glorify (v) To praise or honor highly
magnify belittle, demean
(n) An explanation or Interpretation, explanation, Silence, neglect,
7 Commentary
interpretation of something analysis, critique disregard, indifference
Starvation, hunger, Abundance, plenty,
8 Famine (n) Severe shortage of food
scarcity, deprivation surfeit, richness
(adj) Pertaining to long- Modern, new,
Conventional, classical,
9 Traditional established customs or innovative,
customary, time-honored
practices contemporary
Traditional, old-
(adj) Relating to the present Contemporary, current,
10 Modern fashioned, outdated,
or recent times new, recent
ancient
(n) A modern artistic
Emotionalism, abstraction, Realism, naturalism,
11 Expressionism movement focused on
distortion, subjectivity objectivity, accuracy
subjective emotions
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Conceptual, non-
(adj) Art that does not Figurative, realistic,
12 Abstract representational, non-
represent objects realistically representative, concrete
figurative
(v) The ability to have an
Affect, sway, shape, Dissuade, oppose,
13 Influence effect on something or
control hinder, resist
someone
Oppression,
(n) The act of setting Freedom, independence,
14 Liberation confinement, captivity,
someone or something free release, emancipation
enslavement
(n) Something handed down Inheritance, heritage, Disinheritance, loss,
15 Legacy
from the past bequest, tradition extinction, destruction
(n) A symbol or Symbol, idol, figure, Nonentity, nobody,
16 Icon
representative figure emblem misfit, outsider
Unmotivated,
(adj) Driven by a particular Driven, inspired,
17 Motivated disinterested, indifferent,
reason or desire determined, focused
passive
(n) Ceramic ware, such as Ceramics, earthenware, Plastic, metalwork,
18 Pottery
dishes or decorative items clayware, china synthetic, glass
(n) An object of value due to Relic, heirloom, vintage, Modern, new, recent,
19 Antique
age, rarity, or craftsmanship collectible contemporary
(n) Objects made by humans,
Relics, remains, items, Non-artifacts, modern
20 Artifacts typically of cultural or
relics objects, discarded items
historical interest
(n) Cultural traditions,
Tradition, legacy, Loss, destruction,
21 Heritage values, and artifacts passed
inheritance, birthright abandonment, forgetting
down
Craftsman, creator, Amateur, unskilled, non-
22 Artisan (n) A skilled craftsperson
builder, worker expert, novice
(n) A recurring subject,
Theme, pattern, concept, Randomness, disarray,
23 Motif theme, or idea in a work of
subject disorder, chaos
art
Progress, growth,
(n) The process of gradual Stagnation, regression,
24 Evolution development,
development or change decline, standstill
transformation
(adj) Energetic or constantly Active, energetic, lively, Static, inactive, stable,
25 Dynamic
changing progressive unchanging
(n) The ability to perform Ability, talent, expertise, Incompetence, inability,
26 Skill
tasks well competence ignorance, failure
(adj) Relating to home or Household, home, family, External, public, foreign,
27 Domestic
family internal commercial
Spontaneity, informality,
(n) Established ceremonies or Customs, traditions,
28 Rituals improvisation,
practices ceremonies, rites
spontaneity
(adj) Relating to the sense of Touchable, physical, Intangible, abstract, non-
29 Tactile
touch palpable, sensory physical, invisible
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(n) Property or traditions
Tradition, inheritance, Oblivion, loss,
30 Heritage passed down from previous
legacy, culture destruction, nonexistence
generations

Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(adj) Known or talked about Famous, celebrated, Unknown, obscure,
1 Renowned
by many people distinguished, well-known nameless, unnoticed
(adj) Having a quality that
Unique, characteristic, Common, indistinct,
2 Distinctive makes something different
particular, special ordinary, generic
or unique
(adj) Related to or Creative, aesthetic, Unartistic, uninspired,
3 Artistic
characteristic of art imaginative, artistic dull, plain
(adj) Unconventional, often Unconventional, free- Conventional,
4 Bohemian associated with artists or spirited, nonconformist, traditional, conformist,
writers artistic rigid
(n) Strong enthusiasm or Zeal, fervor, enthusiasm, Apathy, indifference,
5 Passion
excitement devotion disinterest, boredom
Foreground,
(n) A person's education, History, upbringing,
6 Background prominence, fame,
family, or social history environment, heritage
achievement
(n) A set of ideas or beliefs Ideology, theory, Ignorance, skepticism,
7 Philosophy
relating to a particular field worldview, outlook doubt, disbelief
(n) Something handed down Heritage, inheritance, Loss, extinction,
8 Legacy
from the past tradition, bequest destruction, annihilation
(adj) Not worried or Indifferent, aloof, Concerned, anxious,
9 Unconcerned
troubled by something detached, unconcerned troubled, involved
(n) Acknowledgment or
Acknowledgment, Disregard, neglect,
10 Recognition acceptance of someone's
appreciation, honor, praise oblivion, indifference
achievements
(adj) Lacking basic Disadvantaged, deprived, Privileged, affluent,
11 Underprivileged
necessities or advantages impoverished, poor wealthy, prosperous
(adj) Lasting or continuing Lasting, permanent, Temporary, fleeting,
12 Enduring
for a long time lasting, timeless short-lived, transient
(n) A relationship or link Separation,
Relationship, link, bond,
13 Connection between two things or disconnection,
association
people detachment, distance
(v) To successfully reach a Accomplish, attain,
14 Achieve Fail, miss, lose, fall short
goal or complete a task succeed, realize
(n) The beliefs or opinions
Fame, renown, standing, Disrepute, dishonor,
15 Reputation held about someone or
prestige shame, infamy
something
(adj) Typical or defining Typical, defining, Unusual, uncommon,
16 Characteristic
trait of something distinguishing, inherent atypical, irregular
Sl.
Word Meaning (Part of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
(v) To give something as a Granted, honored, Denied, refused,
17 Awarded
prize or recognition bestowed, conferred rejected, withheld
(n) A person or thing
Symbol, figure, idol, Nonentity, nobody,
18 Icon regarded as a representative
emblem misfit, outsider
symbol
(n) The art or practice of
Carving, modeling, Destruction, demolition,
19 Sculpting shaping materials into
shaping, molding ruin, obliteration
sculptures
(v) Described inaccurately Misstated, distorted, Represented, depicted,
20 Misrepresented
or unfairly misunderstood, falsified portrayed, described
(adj) Traditional or
Traditional, popular, Elite, sophisticated,
21 Folk characteristic of ordinary
indigenous, rustic formal, refined
people
(n) Recurring subjects or Themes, patterns, Randomness, disarray,
22 Motifs
themes in art subjects, designs chaos, disorder
Unimaginative,
(adj) Featuring new and Creative, original,
23 Innovative derivative, conventional,
original ideas or methods inventive, pioneering
old-fashioned
Advancement,
(n) Development or Regression, decline,
24 Progress development, growth,
improvement over time stagnation, retrogression
improvement
(n) Knowledge or skills Knowledge, skill, Inexperience, ignorance,
25 Experience
gained through involvement expertise, background unfamiliarity, naivety
(v) The power to affect or
Affect, sway, shape, Dissuade, resist, oppose,
26 Influence change something or
determine hinder
someone
(adj) Important or Important, notable, Insignificant, trivial,
27 Significant
meaningful noteworthy, consequential irrelevant, unimportant
(n) The substance from Substance, matter, fabric, Immaterial, nonphysical,
28 Material
which something is made component abstract, intangible
(n) The act of working Cooperation, partnership, Competition, opposition,
29 Collaboration
together on a task or project teamwork, alliance rivalry, conflict
(adj) Providing Motivational, Discouraging,
30 Inspirational encouragement or encouraging, uplifting, demotivating,
motivation stimulating uninspiring, negative

Unit 3- Myths & Literature

Lesson 1: Myths of Bengal

Sl.
Word Synonyms Antonyms
No
Beauty (Elegance, allure, Ugliness, unattractiveness, plainness,
1 Elegance, allure, charm, grace
charm) imperfection
Dawn (Daybreak, sunrise, first Daybreak, sunrise, first light,
2 Dusk, sunset, nightfall, evening
light) morning
3 Gaze (Stare, observe, look) Stare, observe, look, peer Glance, glance away, ignore, avert
Discover (Uncover, find,
4 Uncover, find, perceive, detect Lose, overlook, miss, disregard
perceive)
Shelter, shadow, cover,
5 Shade (Shelter, shadow, cover) Exposure, sunlight, glare, brightness
protection
Countless (Infinite, endless, Infinite, endless, numerous,
6 Few, limited, scarce, finite
numerous) innumerable
Golden (Shining, radiant, Shining, radiant, sunlit,
7 Dull, dark, matte, lackluster
sunlit) gleaming
8 Soft (Gentle, delicate, mild) Gentle, delicate, mild, tender Harsh, rough, tough, rigid
Desolate (Lonely, barren,
9 Lonely, barren, forlorn, empty Lush, full, occupied, populated
forlorn)
10 Wail (Cry, lament, mourn) Cry, lament, mourn, sob Laugh, cheer, rejoice, smile
Serenity (Calmness, Calmness, tranquility, peace,
11 Turbulence, chaos, unrest, agitation
tranquility, peace) composure
Meadow, plain, pasture,
12 Field (Meadow, plain, pasture) Urban area, city, town, building
farmland

Behula and Chand Saodagar

Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Legendary (Famous or known from Famous, mythical, Unknown, obscure,
1
history or myth) (Adj) renowned, epic unremarkable, insignificant
Heroine (A female protagonist or Protagonist, savior, leading Villain, antagonist, enemy,
2
hero) (N) lady, champion foe
Devotee (A person who is very Follower, believer, Nonbeliever, atheist, skeptic,
3
devoted to a religion or belief) (N) adherent, worshipper apostate
Boasted (To talk about something in a Bragged, vaunted, crowed, Modest, understated, humble,
4
proud or self-satisfied way) (V) flaunted downplayed
Impregnable (Impossible to break into Unbreakable, invulnerable, Vulnerable, fragile,
5
or defeat) (Adj) secure, indestructible breakable, weak
Refused (To decline or reject Denied, rejected, dismissed, Accepted, agreed, allowed,
6
something) (V) spurned approved
Body, remains, carcass, Alive, living being, soul,
7 Corpse (A dead body) (N)
cadaver person
Hazardous (Dangerous, involving risk) Dangerous, risky, perilous, Safe, secure, harmless,
8
(Adj) unsafe protected
Journey (A trip or travel from one Trip, voyage, excursion,
9 Stay, rest, idleness, inaction
place to another) (N) expedition
Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Temptations (Things that entice or Lures, enticements, allures, Restraints, deterrents,
10
lure, often to do something wrong) (N) seductions barriers, rejections
Succeeded (To achieve a desired result Achieved, triumphed, Failed, lost, faltered,
11
or goal) (V) prevailed, conquered stumbled
Power, strength, force, Weakness, feebleness,
12 Might (Power or strength) (N)
authority incapacity, frailty
Restored (To bring back to a previous Recovered, revived, healed, Damaged, ruined, destroyed,
13
or normal condition) (V) reinstated impaired
Brothers-in-law (The brothers of one's Siblings-in-law, relatives,
14 -
spouse) (N) family members
Home, dwelling, residence, Homelessness, abandonment,
15 Abode (A place of residence) (N)
habitat vacancy, wilderness
Pleaded (To ask for something Begged, implored, Demanded, ordered,
16
earnestly or desperately) (V) requested, petitioned commanded, refused
Touched, affected, stirred, Indifferent, unemotional,
17 Moved (Emotionally affected) (V)
heartened unmoved, unaffected
Bow (To bend the body forward as a Stand tall, straight, defy,
18 Nod, curtsy, incline, salute
gesture of respect) (V) reject
Love (A strong feeling of affection) Affection, fondness, Hate, aversion, disdain,
19
(N) passion, attachment animosity
Finally (After a long period of time) Ultimately, eventually, at Initially, beforehand, earlier,
20
(Adv) last, in the end immediately

Lesson 2- Icarus

Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Fearsome (Frightening, causing Terrifying, alarming, Calm, reassuring, peaceful,
1
fear) (Adj) intimidating, dreadful unthreatening
Creature (A living being, Being, organism, lifeform, Inanimate, object, non-living,
2
especially an animal) (N) animal thing
Terrorized (To cause great fear or Frightened, scared, Comforted, reassured, calmed,
3
anxiety) (V) intimidated, horrified soothed
Enlisted (To engage or enroll for Recruited, enrolled, hired, Discharged, dismissed,
4
service) (V) engaged released, rejected
Architect (A person who designs Designer, planner, builder, Destroyer, demolisher,
5
buildings) (N) creator wrecking ball, disassembler
Labyrinth (A complex, intricate Simplicity, clarity, straight
6 Maze, puzzle, web, network
maze or network) (N) path, open space
Imprisoned (To be confined or Confined, jailed, incarcerated, Freed, released, liberated,
7
kept in a place) (V) trapped rescued
 Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Escape (To break free or get away) Captured, caught, trapped,
8 Flee, run, break out, elude
(V) confined
Familiar (Well known or easily Known, accustomed, Unfamiliar, strange, unknown,
9
recognized) (Adj) recognized, common foreign
Clumsiness, incompetence,
10 Craft (Skill, art, or trade) (N) Skill, trade, art, workmanship
ineptitude, ignorance
Moderate (Not extreme, average) Mild, average, temperate, Extreme, severe, intense,
11
(Adj) reasonable radical
Excitement (The state of being Thrill, joy, eagerness, Boredom, disinterest,
12
excited) (N) enthusiasm indifference, apathy
Overwhelmed (Overcome with Dazed, stunned, crushed, Calm, composed, relaxed,
13
emotion or stress) (V) astonished unaffected
Climbed, rose, soared,
14 Ascended (To rise or go up) (V) Descended, dropped, fell, sank
mounted
Helplessly (Without the ability to Powerlessly, defenselessly, Confidently, strongly,
15
act or help oneself) (Adv) feebly, vulnerably competently, self-sufficiently
Plummeted (To fall rapidly or Fell, dropped, tumbled, Ascended, rose, climbed,
16
steeply) (V) descended soared
Devastated (Overcome with great Heartbroken, crushed, Unaffected, pleased, cheerful,
17
sorrow or grief) (Adj) mournful, sorrowful content
Tragic (Extremely sad or Heartbreaking, sorrowful,
18 Joyful, fortunate, happy, lucky
sorrowful) (Adj) devastating, unfortunate
Mourned (To feel or express Grieved, lamented, bewailed, Celebrated, rejoiced, cheered,
19
sorrow or grief) (V) sorrowed welcomed
Memory (The ability to recall Recollection, remembrance, Forgetfulness, oblivion,
20
information or past events) (N) nostalgia, recall amnesia, neglect

Lesson 3- The Legend of Gazi

Sl.
Word Synonyms Antonyms
No
1 Fact (Reality, truth) Reality, truth, actuality, certainty Fiction, lie, falsity, untruth
Calamities, catastrophes, Blessings, fortunes,
2 Disasters (Misfortunes, curses)
tragedies, misfortunes successes, benefits
Protected, secure, risk-free, Dangerous, hazardous,
3 Safe (Secure, harmless)
shielded perilous, unsafe
Untamed, unruly, free-spirited,
4 Wild (Rebellious, defiant) Gentle, mild, calm, docile
fierce
Harm, endanger, threaten,
5 Protect (Reassure, guard) Defend, shield, safeguard, secure
abandon
Reckless, thoughtless, inattentive, Careful, attentive, cautious,
6 Careless (Negligent, unaware)
sloppy meticulous
 Sl.
Word Synonyms Antonyms
No
7 Desert (Abandon, neglect) Leave, forsake, vacate, relinquish Stay, remain, inhabit, protect
Overseas, alien, external, Domestic, local, native,
8 Foreign (External, exotic)
international internal
9 Legend (Myth, folklore, tale) Myth, folklore, story, fable Fact, reality, truth, history
Holy man, sage, spiritual leader, Sinner, impious, secular,
10 Saint (Holy man, ascetic)
pious profane
Miracles (Wonders, marvels, Wonders, marvels, phenomena, Ordinary, mundane, natural,
11
phenomena) miracles expected
Dangerous (Perilous, risky, Hazardous, unsafe, risky, Safe, secure, harmless,
12
hazardous) dangerous protected
Submissive, obedient, compliant, Wild, defiant, unruly,
13 Docile (Tame, submissive)
gentle rebellious
Fierce (Intense, ferocious,
14 Intense, violent, aggressive, fierce Gentle, calm, peaceful, mild
savage)
Menace, intimidate, endanger, Protect, reassure, defend,
15 Threaten (Menace, endanger)
scare safeguard
Jungle (Forest, wilderness, Forest, woodland, wilderness, City, urban area, town,
16
thicket) scrubland suburb
Attentive, observant, cautious, Inattentive, careless,
17 Vigilant (Watchful, alert)
alert oblivious, negligent
Predatory (Carnivorous, Carnivorous, aggressive, hunting, Prey, harmless, benign,
18
aggressive, hunting) ferocious docile
Neglect, abandon, leave,
19 Cultivate (Farm, till, grow) Grow, farm, plant, till
ignore
Indigenous (Native, local, Foreign, exotic, imported,
20 Native, local, original, endemic
aboriginal) external

Unit Three- Myths & Literature

Lesson 4- Khona

Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Famous (Well known or recognized) Renowned, celebrated, Unknown, obscure,
1
(Adj) prominent, distinguished insignificant, nameless
Wisdom (The ability to make sound Knowledge, insight, Ignorance, foolishness,
2
decisions and judgments) (N) understanding, sagacity naivety, stupidity
Defiance (Resistance or bold Rebellion, resistance, Obedience, compliance,
3
disobedience) (N) opposition, contempt submission, respect
Punished (To subject someone to a Penalized, reprimanded, Rewarded, pardoned,
4
penalty for wrongdoing) (V) disciplined, castigated excused, forgiven
Cruelly (In a manner that causes Brutally, harshly, savagely, Gently, kindly,
5
suffering) (Adv) inhumanely compassionately, tenderly
Tongue (The muscular organ in the Speech, language, vocal cords, Silence, muteness, quiet,
6
mouth used for speech and taste) (N) communication reticence
Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Sayings (Short expressions of Proverbs, maxims, adages, Lies, falsehoods, myths,
7
wisdom or advice) (N) aphorisms exaggerations
Simple (Easy to understand or do) Easy, straightforward, Complex, intricate, difficult,
8
(Adj) uncomplicated, basic confusing
Knowledge (Facts, information, and Ignorance, lack of
Understanding, wisdom,
9 skills acquired through experience or knowledge, cluelessness,
learning, education
education) (N) unfamiliarity
Mutual reliance, Independence, self-
Interdependence (The state of
10 interconnectedness, symbiosis, sufficiency, autonomy,
depending on each other) (N)
reciprocity isolation
Rulers (Leaders or those in charge of Leaders, monarchs, kings, Subjects, followers,
11
governing) (N) governors peasants, commoners
Harsh (Severe or cruel in manner) Gentle, mild, kind,
12 Severe, cruel, stern, brutal
(Adj) compassionate
Defiant (Resisting authority or Rebellious, disobedient, Obedient, compliant,
13
opposing an order) (Adj) resistant, insubordinate submissive, docile
Punishment (The act of imposing a Penalty, discipline, retribution, Reward, forgiveness,
14
penalty for wrongdoing) (N) sanction pardon, leniency
Mythical (Relating to or resembling a Legendary, fictional, Real, factual, historical,
15
myth) (Adj) fantastical, imaginary authentic
Challenge (To test one's abilities or Obstacle, difficulty, test, Ease, smoothness,
16
resist authority) (N) confrontation simplicity, comfort
Prove (To establish the truth of Demonstrate, verify, confirm, Disprove, refute, invalidate,
17
something through evidence) (V) validate deny
Jealous (Feeling resentment due to Envious, resentful, covetous, Content, satisfied,
18
someone else's achievements) (Adj) possessive unbothered, indifferent
Surprised (Taken aback or Astonished, amazed, shocked, Expectant, unimpressed,
19
astonished) (Adj) startled uninterested, indifferent
Silence (The absence of sound or Quiet, stillness, muteness,
20 Noise, clamor, racket, sound
speech) (N) hush

Unit 5 : Human Rights

Lesson 1 : Are we aware of these rights?
Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms
1 Servitude slavery, bondage, mastery, domination
subjugation
2 cruel barbaric, brutal, ruthless kind, generous
3 endow bestow, empower, confer withhold, condemn,
4 conscience scruple,compunction, immorality, dishonesty
moral
5 distinction discretion, achievement, mediocrity, insignificance
prominence
6 assembly association, council, individual, one,
meeting separation
7 dignity honour, respect, decency indecency, evil, dishonour
8 association assembly, connection, isolation, separation
relation
9 inhuman barbaric, brutal, ruthless kind, humane, generous
10 recognition acceptance, admission, denial, refusal, dishnour
appreciation
11 detention arrest, confinement, liberty, freedom,
internment
12 exile displacement, exclusion, inclusion, welcoming
banishment

Unit- 5- Human Rights

Lesson 2: Are we aware of these rights-II?
S Word Synonyms Antonyms
l
1 arbitrary dictatorial, reasonable,
whimsical , justified
unreasonable
2 interference intrusion, aid, assistance,
intervention, help
meddling
3 privacy secrecy, publicity,
confidentiality, publicneh.ss
concealment
4 seek want, desire, reject, deny,
expect ignore
5 asylum shelter, refuge expulsion
6 persecution torture, justice, equality
repression,
oppression
7 invoke appeal to,
conjure, request
8 dissolution disintegration, beginning,
partition, division unification,
connection
9 consent approval, denial, rejection
permission
1 genuinely accurately,
0 rightly, honestly
1 arise appear, begin, disappear, finish
1 emerge
1 spouse companion,
2 partner

Unit-5, Lesson 3: Rights to Health and Education

S Word Synonyms Antonyms
l
1 elementary basic, primary advanced,
complex
2 fundamental basic, core, advanced,
primary
3 compulsory mandatory, optional
obligatory
4 professional acceptable , unprofessional,
formal informal
5 accessible available, useless,
reachable, inaccessible,
attainable limited
6 strengthen boost, improve weaken, reduce
7 tolerance patience, intolerance,
resilience,enduran prejudice
ce
8 adequate enough, sufficient inadequate,
insufficient
9 care love, sympathy, neglect, disdain
empathy
1 promote highlight, portray, conceal, hide,
0 spread ignore
1 comply accept, follow disregard, reject
1

Unit-5, Lesson 4: Coal Miners

Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Trapper (A person who works with Catcher, hunter, gatherer, Free, liberator, releaser,
1
traps) (N) collector rescuer
Tire (To exhaust or make someone Energize, refresh,
2 Weaken, fatigue, drain, exhaust
weary) (V) invigorate, revive
Afraid, terrified, frightened, Brave, fearless, calm,
3 Scared (Fearful or frightened) (Adj)
alarmed courageous
Light (The natural agent that makes Illumination, brightness, Darkness, dimness,
4
things visible) (N) radiance, glow shadow, obscurity
Sleepy (Feeling drowsy or in need of Energetic, awake, alert,
5 Drowsy, tired, sluggish, lethargic
sleep) (Adj) lively
Pit (A deep hole or cavity in the Peak, summit, hill,
6 Hole, shaft, mine, cavity
ground, often used for mining) (N) mount
Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Morning (The early part of the day) Night, evening, dusk,
7 Dawn, daybreak, sunrise, AM
(N) twilight
Sing (To produce musical tones with Whisper, mutter,
8 Chant, hum, vocalize, croon
the voice) (V) mumble, shout
Heavy, dark, weighty,
9 Light (Not heavy or not dark) (Adj) Weightless, airy, soft, bright
dull
Dare (To have the courage to do Fear, hesitate, avoid,
10 Challenge, defy, venture, risk
something) (V) recoil
Dislike, hate, loathe,
11 Like (To enjoy or prefer) (V) Enjoy, favor, appreciate, love
detest
Sleep (To rest by lying down and
12 Rest, nap, slumber, doze Awake, alert, rouse, stir
becoming unconscious) (V)
Fearful, scared, terrified, Calm, brave, confident,
13 Afraid (Feeling fear or worry) (Adj)
frightened fearless
14 Come (To arrive at a place) (V) Arrive, approach, reach, appear
Depart, leave, go, exit
Alarmed, frightened, horrified,
Calm, relaxed,
15 Scared (Fearful or afraid) (Adj)
terrified confident, composed
Not (Used to make a verb negative) Always, definitely,
16 Never, no, nothing, non-
(Adv) completely, indeed
Sometimes (Occasionally or at times) Occasionally, at times, now and Always, regularly,
17
(Adv) then, from time to time constantly, habitually
Come out (To leave a place or
18 Emerge, exit, depart, rise Enter, go in, stay, remain
emerge) (Phrasal verb)
Do not (To refuse or avoid doing Accept, agree, consent,
19 Refuse, decline, reject, avoid
something) (Phrase) allow
Not ever, at no time, not once, Always, ever,
20 Never (At no time) (Adv)
under no circumstances continually, constantly

Unit-5, Lesson 5: Frederick Douglass

Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Accurate (Correct and exact) Inaccurate, wrong, erroneous,
1 Precise, exact, correct, true
(Adj) faulty
Authentic (Genuine and Real, legitimate, credible,
2 Fake, counterfeit, false, bogus
trustworthy) (Adj) valid
Ignorant (Lacking knowledge) Unaware, uninformed, Knowledgeable, informed,
3
(Adj) uneducated, oblivious learned, aware
Privilege (A special right or Advantage, benefit, honor, Disadvantage, restriction,
4
advantage) (N) entitlement disadvantage, liability
Deprived (Lacking something Denied, disadvantaged, bereft, Granted, blessed, provided,
5
important) (Adj) without fortunate
 Sl.
Word (Meaning) (Parts of Speech) Synonyms Antonyms
No
Inquiries (Requests for Questions, queries, Answers, responses,
6
information) (N) investigations, probes conclusions, information
Improper (Not suitable or fitting) Inappropriate, unsuitable, Proper, correct, appropriate,
7
(Adj) unacceptable, rude fitting
Restless (Unable to stay still) Uneasy, agitated, fidgety,
8 Calm, still, relaxed, composed
(Adj) impatient
Estimate (An approximation or Approximation, guess, Fact, certainty, accuracy,
9
judgment) (N) calculation, evaluation precision
Separation (The action of being Division, disconnection, Union, connection, joining,
10
divided or apart) (N) parting, detachment reunification
Custom (A traditional practice or Tradition, habit, practice, Abnormality, irregularity,
11
behavior) (N) norm exception, deviation
Blunt (To make less sharp or Weaken, dull, reduce, Sharpen, strengthen, intensify,
12
intense) (V) diminish heighten
Hinder (To prevent or delay Obstruct, impede, block, Help, assist, encourage,
13
progress) (V) restrain promote
Affection (A feeling of love or Indifference, coldness,
14 Love, fondness, care, warmth
fondness) (N) hostility, animosity
Soothing (Comforting or calming) Calming, relaxing, Agitating, distressing,
15
(Adj) comforting, peaceful upsetting, annoying
16 Harsh (Severe or cruel) (Adj) Severe, brutal, cruel, strict Gentle, mild, lenient, soft
Presence (The state of being Attendance, existence, being, Absence, nonexistence,
17
present or existing) (N) company disappearance, removal
Tidings (News or information) News, information, report, Silence, ignorance, quiet,
18
(N) update secrecy
End (The point at which Finish, terminate, conclude,
19 Begin, start, initiate, commence
something concludes) (V) stop
Suffering (The state of undergoing
20 Pain, distress, agony, hardship Comfort, ease, pleasure, relief
pain or distress) (N)
Whipping (The act of striking with a whip or Flogging, lashing, Comforting, soothing,
1
similar instrument) (N/V) thrashing, beating caressing, pampering

Unit 6: Dreams
Lesson 1: What Is a Dream?
SN Word Synonym Antonym

1 Fascinate Enchant, Attract, Charm Repel, Upset, Frustrate

2 Emotion Feeling, Passion, Impassivity, Indifference
Sentiment

3 Vague Fuzzy, Indistinct, Hazy Clear, Precise

4 Baffle Perplex, Puzzle, Bewilder Clarify, Enlighten

5 Unravel Disclose, Expose, Reveal Complicate, Entangle

6 Prominent Famous, Important, Insignificant, Unknown

Significant

7 Consistent Concordant, Inconsistent, Inharmonious

Compatible,
Congruous
8 Aggressive Militant, Forceful, Assertive Friendly, Shy, Timid

9 Instinct Intuition, Knack, Impulse,

Urge Disinclination, Logic, Intellect
10 Interpretation Explanation, Complication, Misconception
Elucidation, Analysis

11 Subjective Personal, Individual Impartial, Objective

12 Stimuli Catalyst, Incentive, Impetus Discouragement

13 Awareness Consciousness, Unwareness, Indifference

Perception, Realisation

14 Vivid Clear, Lifelike, Colourful Vague, Unclear, Cloudy

 15 Consensus Agreement, Concord, Unity Disagreement, Conflict

16 Passionate Devoted, Eager, Fervid Apathetic, Cold, Composed

17 Reverie Daydream, Trans, Vision

Awareness, attention
Mindfulness, apprehension
Attentiveness, responsiveness
wakefulness

Unit-6 Dreams,
Lesson-2, Dream in Literature

SL Word Synonyms Antonyms

1 Ability competency, aptitude, Incompetence,
capability clumsiness, inanity

2 Achieve Accomplish, Surrender, abandon,

Consummate, acquire neglect

3 Romantic Whimsical, Realistic,

sentimental, idealistic traditionalist, frigid

4 Attempt Exert, strive, try Ignore, avoid, overlook

5 Consider Ponder, contemplate, think Reject, cancel, disregard
6 Desire Yearning, craving, wish Aversion, apathy, disliking
7 Dusty Crumbly, grimy, dirty Cleanliness, elegant, fresh
8 Recess Alcove, hollow, break Closure, solid, bulge
9 Renaissance Revival, regeneration, Destruction, decay,
rebirth extermination
10 Hold Grasp, clasp, detain Drop, release, lose
11 Vanity Egotism, arrogance, pride Modesty, humility,
decency
12 Previous Preceding, prior, former Later, following, next

Unit 9- Lesson-1
The storm & stress of Adolescence
Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms
1. Adolescence Puberty , teens, youth Adulthood, maturity, parenthood

2. Irrespective Regardless, disregarding, Partial, calculating, heedful

heedless

3 Status Rank, stage, class Worthlessness, unimportance,

insignificance

4 Critical Serious, grave, important Negligible, insignificant, minor

5 Transition Changeover, shift, conversion Stagnation, immobility, stillness

6 Aspect Characteristic, phase, feature Whole, total, entire

7 Determinant Factor, originator, doer -

8 Vary Differ, contrast, fluctuate Conform, converge, match

9 Onset Start, inception, beginning Conclusion, end, termination

10 Capacity Ability, capability, Inability, powerlessness,

competence incompetence

11 Tremendous Remarkable, notable, Insignificant, unimportant, petty

marvelous

12 Potential Prospect, latency, eventuality Impossibility, incapability,

inaptitude
 Sl Word Synonym Antonym
13 Exert Apply, employ, pose Abstain, refrain, withhold

14 Influence Effect, impact, dominance Subjection, powerlessness,

inability

15 Development Growth, progress, evolution Decrement, decrease, regress

16 Risk Threat, jeopardy, hazard Shelter, protection, safety

17 Initiate Commence, instigate, Finish, terminate, cease

inaugurate

18 Responsible Accountable, liable, Irresponsible, negligent,

answerable unreliable

19 Unique Exceptional, distinctive, rare Common, ordinary, usual

20 Vulnerable Weak, defenseless, exposed Strong, invincible, unyielding

21 Exploitation Abuse, mistreatment, Respect, civility, esteem

manipulation

22 Barrier Obstruction, impediment, Help, assistance, facilitation

hindrance

23 Promote Elevate, upgrade, stimulate Impede, obstruct, hamper

24 Intervene Interfere, intrude, intercede Ignore, disregard, overlook

Unit 9- Lesson-2
Adolescence and Some (Related) Problems in Bangladesh
Sl Word Synonym Antonym
1 Constitute Comprise, compose, establish Disperse, split, disband

2 Resource Assets, wealth, fortune Debt, poverty, lack

3 Inequality Disparity, inequity, discrimination Equality, equivalence, parity

4 Widespread Extensive, prevalent, endemic Limited, narrow, finite

5 Practice Tradition, custom, system -

6 Violence Aggression, brutality, cruelty Tranquility, peacefulness,

serenity

7 Affluent Prosperous, rich, wealthy Needy, impoverished, poor

8 Illegal Prohibited, unlawful, forbidden Legal, lawful, licit

9 Lose Vanquish, recede, miss Gain, keep, retain

10 Mobility Activity, dynamism, agility Immobility, inactivity,

laziness

11 Fertility Productiveness, potency, Infertility. Barrenness,

fruitfulness Childlessness,

12 Unaware Ignorant, uninformed, unconscious Aware, conscious, alert

Unit 9- Lesson-3
Why does a child hate school?
'The Schoolboy' by William Blake
Sl Word Synonym Antonym

1 Pleasant Delightful, lovely, enjoyable Unpleasant, distasteful,

repulsive
2 Supportive Helpful, encouraging, Unsupportive, obstructive,
compassionate contrary

3 Harsh Bitter, rough, tough Easy, soft, moderate

4 Hate Abhor, detest, despise Adore, love, admire

5 Joyless Somber, dismal, gloomy Joyous, cheerful, happy

6 Plead Appeal, pray, request Reject, discard, castoff

7 Rescue Liberate, release, retrieve Abandon, harm, disown

8 Distant Remote, detached, isolated Close, near, adjacent

9 Cruel Unkind, heartless, merciless Benevolent, kind, generous

10 Dismay Sadness, disappointment, distress Lifted, elate, joyous

11 Anxious Worried, unease, concerned Aloof, unconcerned, Steady

12 Dreary Dull, depressed, sad Cheerful, jolly, jovial

Unit 9- Lesson-4
The story of Shilpi
Sl Word Synonym Antonym

1 Standard Normal, typical, regular Unusual, atypical, odd

2 Rural Rustic, peasant, pastoral Urban, metropolitan,

municipal

3 Empowerment Authorization, endorsement, -

enablement

4 Provide Supply, give, deliver Withhold, keep, reserve

5 Effectively Efficiently. Successfully, ably Ineffectively, futilely,

inefficiently

6 Criticize Offend, insult, disapprove Praise, laud, acclaim

7 Harmful Detrimental, damaging, pernicious Harmless, safe, inoffensive

8 Decline Wane, deteriorate, decay Grow, improve, recover

9 Complication Complexity, hurdle, difficulty Simplicity, ease, comfort

10 Internal Inside, inward, within External, outer, exterior

11 Delay Postpone, linger, loiter Hurry, accelerate, haste

12 Convince Persuade, influence, provoke Dissuade, discourage,

disappoint

Unit 9- Adolescence
Lesson 5- Say ‘No’ to Bullying

Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms

1. Bully Intimidate, Frighten, Harass Help, Assist, Relieve

2. Involve Engage, Occupy, Engross Abandon, Cease,

Disassociate

4. Physical Bodily, Corporeal Mental, Psychological

5. Globally Internationally, Worldwide Regionally, Domestically

6 Violence Barbarity, Atrocity, Horror Pleasantness, Kindness,

Generosity

7 Report Information, Statement -

8 Include Add, Combine, Comprise Exclude, Divide, Subtract

9 Experience Undergo, Confront, Endure -

10 Punishment Reprimand, Penalty, Sanction Reward, Award

11 Fully Entirely, Wholly, Totally Incompletely, Partially,

Partly

12 Peaceful Harmonious, Amicable, Non- Violent, Clamorous,

Violent Agitated

Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms

13. Safe Secure, Protected, Guarded Insecure, Harmed,
Unprotected

14. Multiple Numerous, Countless, Few, Little

Innumerable

15. Danger Peril, Hazard, Risk Carefulness, Peace, Safety

16. Discipline Regulation, Restraint, Order Chaos, Tumult, Disorder

17 Harassment Pestering, Coercion, Force Cooperation, Assistance,

Support

18 Impact Influence, Affect, Modify -

19 Depression Hopelessness, Sadness, Comfort, Cheerfulness,

Melancholy Liveliness

20 Unforgettable Haunting, Striking Soothing, Healing

21 Learn Study, Discover, Master Ignore, Miss, Neglect

22 Slightly Marginally, Faintly, Vaguely Extreme, Severe,

23 Admit Acknowledge, Confess, Reveal Deny, Conceal, Refuse

Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms

24. Equally Justly, Fairly Unequally, Unfairly, Unjustly

25. Psychological Emotional, Mental Physical, Bodily

26. Risk Danger, Peril, Threat Safety, Security, Certainty

27. Continue Persist, Advance, Linger Discontinue, Cease, Ignore

28 Increasingly Progressively, Growingly Decreasingly

29 Humiliating Embarrassing, Shameful, Appreciative, Approving,

Demeaning Admiring

30 Social Media Social Network, Social -

Networking sites, Virtual
World

31 Unknown Undisclosed, Untold, Known, Familiar, Common

Unrevealed
32. Legal Legalized, Valid, Lawful Illegal, Criminal, Unlawful

33. Commonly Frequently, Regularly, Rarely, Hardly, Seldom

Habitually

34. Basically Fundamentally, Primarily, Inessentially, Additionally

Mostly

Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms

35. Electronic Computerized, Mechanized -

36. Cause Effectuate, Provoke, Induce Stop

37. Unwanted Unwelcome, Undesired, Desired, Wanted, Welcome

Unpleasant

38. Threaten Intimidate, Terrorize, Protect, Save, Defend

Pressurize

39 Mean Shocking, Damned, Admirable, Appreciable

Heinous

40. Spread Extend, Amplify, Circulate Hide, Conceal, Contract

41. Fake Fraud, Hoax, Forgery Authentic, Genuine, Perfect

42. Offence Indecent, Nasty, Foul Decent, Upright, Moral

43. Religious Devout, Pious, Reverent Atheistic, Irreverent

44. Instigate Provoke, Entice, Sway Dissuade, Discourage, Deter

45. Guilty Accountable, Culpable, Innocent, Guiltless,

Blameworthy Blameless

Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms

46. Imprisonment Confinement, Captivity, Freedom, Emancipation,
Custody Liberation

47. Complaint Accusation, Charge, Commendation, Compliment,

Grievance Acceptance

4. Reputation Status, Name, Repute Disreputableness,

Unimportance, Disregard
48. Definitely Unquestionable, Surely, Possibly, Uncertainly,
Certainly Doubtfully

49. Particular Specific, Definite, Exact Unspecific, Ambiguous,

Regular

50. Popular Accepted, Admired, Unknown, Unpopular,

Favoured Disliked

51. Respond React, Retort, Counter Ask, Depart, Leave

52. Instantly Immediately, Late, Never

Instantaneously, Forthwith

53 Panic Fright, Terror, Fear Calm, Courage

54 Power Firmness, Toughness, Weakness, Infirmity,

Vitality Enervation

55 Patient Enduring, Tolerant, Impatient, Restless, Haughty

Unwearied,

Sl Word Synonyms Antonyms

56. Evidence Proof, Verification, Fact Contradiction,

57. Often Frequently, Repeatedly, Seldom, Rarely, Never

Continually

58. Block Hinder, Impede, Stop Unlock

59. Angry Annoyed, Vexed, Irked Calm, Pleased, peaceful

60 Harass Disturb, Trouble, Provoke Comfort, Support, Facilitate

61 Comment Observation, Remark, Silence

Statement

62 Advisable Sensible, Worthwhile, Inadvisable, Unwise,

Suitable Injudicious

63 Protect Safeguard, Save, Preserve Neglect, Harm, Expose

64 Participate Partake, Assist, Cooperate Abandon, Discontinue, Quit

 65 Hurt Harm, Damage, Upset Heal, Sooth

66 Empower Authorize, Allow, Permit Disallow, Disapprove, Deny

Graph Writing
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