THE ADJECTIVE

An adjective is a word that qualifies or adds something to the meaning of noun.

Adjectives can be used in two ways – attributively and predicatively.
Example: He is a lazy boy Example: The lazy boy is late
A A
ADJECTIVES HAS THREE DEGREE OF COMPARISON
a Positive degree example - tall
b. Comparative degree example - taller
c. Superlative degree example - tallest
USE OF COMPARATIVE DEGREE
Degree of adjectives
 Positive
 Comparative
 Superlative
Usage of positive degree
1. It merely qualifies a singular noun and does not compare anything at all.
 She is a good teacher.
2. With ‘a’ or ‘an’
 Driving is an easy task.
3. With ‘very’
 It is a very interesting book
4. With ‘as’
 She is as tall as I am.
 They as not so reliable as we had thought.
Note: as---- as – makes a positive comparison
So ----- as - makes a negative comparison
Usage of Comparative degree
1. It compares at least two units
 She is wiser than her husband.
2. With ‘than’
 He runs faster than his brother.
3. With ‘much’
 She plays much better than Soni.
4. With ‘any other’
 America is richer than any other country in the world.
5. Sequence of comparative degree (er) more
 He is wiser and more honest than his father.
6. Comparing two qualities of the same person
Note: Composition of comparative degree does not take ‘er’ but ‘more’ for this rule only.
  He is more wise than old.
7. Double comparatives are not used.
 This question is more tougher than any other question in this book.
More tougher – use only tougher
8. While using the term ‘of the two’
 This plan is more achievable of the two.
9. The + comparative degree + present indefinite … and sequence repeats
 The more we get the more we gain (sequence repeats means → …. The + comparative degree + Present
indefinite)
10. The + comparative degree + past indefinite +the + comparative degree + past indefinite
 The more he spoke the more he exposed himself.
11. The + comparative degree + the + comparative degree → to express a different context.
 The older the tastier (wine)
 The more the better. (money)
12. The + comparative degree + the + noun + the + comparative degree +the + noun
 The deeper the well the cooler the water
Usage of superlative degree
1. It compares more than two units .
 Out of 30 students she was the best orator considered.
2. Of ‘the three’
 He is the richest of the three friends
3. Sequence of superlative degree- ‘est’ , ‘most’
 He is the best and most handsome actor in Bollywood.
4. Double superlatives are not allowed
 She is the most wisest member of the parliament.
Most wisest → use instead only wisest
OTHER IMPORTANT RULES.
1 Preferable always followed by to and not than.
Example : I prefer coffee to tea.
2 words ending in ior takes to instead of than.
Prior, senior, junior, inferior, superior.
Example: he is junior to me
The quality of this shampoo is superior to yours
3. Use of worth as an Adjective.
This is the book worth reading.
This is the place worth visiting.
4. Some adjectives do not have comparative and superlative forms.
E.g. Round, perfect, universal, unique and ideal etc.
The earth is the most unique planet x
Earth is the unique planet.
Exercise1
A. Correct the following sentences
1. Delhi is better than any town in India.
2. No man in India was so great as Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Ayodhya is the most ancient cities of India.
4. This is the worse book in the library
5. Shakespeare is great dramatist than Shaw.
6. Very few country in the world are as rich as America.
7. Pakistan is not as more powerful as India.
8. He is one of the wisest man
9. Aditya is not the most intelligent of all other students in the class.
10. Some European country are as rich as England
11. Jay Prakash Naryayan was one of greatest Indian leaders
12. Cobra is the most poisonous of all snakes.
13. Indian Cricket team is more better than most other cricket teams in the world.
14. Russia is more powerful than all European countries.
15. He is the most intelligent than any student in the class.
16. The rose is sweeter of most other flowers
17. My village is the richer in the area.
18. The Taj Mahal is more grand than any other mausoleum in the world.
19. Australia is the biggest of all Island.
20. The climate of Patna is as good as Varanasi
21. Very few men has been as wise as Solomon.
22. Iron is one of the most useful metal.
23. My watch is better of your watch.
24. The Pacific is deeper than any ocean.
B. Find the error part of the following sentences
1. Meat is (a)/ not more nutritious (b)/ than (c)/ some kind of beans. (d)/ no error (e)
2. Hitler Was (a)/ one of (b)/ the sterner dictators (c)/ of the world. (d)/ no error (e)
3. The judge was (a)/ more shrewd (b)/ than (c)/ the old miser. (d)/ no error (e)
4. Patna is (a)/ the dirtiest of (b)/ all other state capitals (c)/ in India. (d)/ no error (e)
5. Very few things (a)/ in the world (b)/ is as valuable as (c)/ friendship. (d)/ no error (e)
6. Some men (a)/ are (b)/ not fortunate (c)/ than he. (d)/ no error (e)
7. Her sisters (a)/ are not (b)/ less more beautiful (c)/ than she. (d)/ no error (e)
8. Lenin was (a)/ greater than (b)/ most other revolutionary (c)/ in the world. (d)/ no error (e)
9. Cricket is (a)/ more popular than (b)/ any game (c)/ today. (d)/ no error (e)
10. Not any other fruit (a)/ is (b)/ as delicious as (c)/ the mango. (d)/ no error (e)
ANSWERS A:
SR.NO REPLACE WITH
1. Any Any other
2. No man No other man
3. Cities City
 4. Worse Worst
5. Great A greater
6. Country Countries
7. Not as Not so
8. Man Men
9. Omit ‘other’
10. Country Countries
11. Of greatest Of the greatest
12. The more The most
13. More better Much better
14. All Any other
15. Most More
16. Sweeter The sweetest
17. The richer Richest
18. More grand Grander
19. Island Islands
20. As Varanasi As that of Varanasi
21. Has Have
22. Metal Metals
23. Of Than
24. Any ocean Any other ocean
B. –
Sr. no Answer Replace With
1. D Kind Kinds
2. C Sterner Sternest
3. B More shrew Shrewder
4. C Omit ‘other’
5. C Is Are
6. C Fortunater More fortunate
7. C Less more beautiful Less beautiful
8. C Revolutionary Revolutionaries
9. C Any game Any other game
10. A Not any other fruit No other fruit
 DEGREES OF ADJECTIVE

Definition :
E very adjective has three degrees of its own. They are : Positive, Comparative, Superlative degrees.
There are two types of Adjectives :
Regular Adjectives

Definition :
Regular adjectives make their comparative and superlative forms by adding ‘er’ and ‘est’.
e.g.

Positive Comparative Superlative

bold bolder boldest

bright brighter brightest

black blacker blackest

great greater greatest

old older oldest

proud prouder proudest

warm warmer warmest

mean meaner meanest

Some adjectives are added with only ‘ r ’ to form comparative and ’st ‘ to form superlative degree.
e.g.

Positive Comparative Superlative

able abler ablest

true truer truest

simple simpler simplest

nice nicer nicest

Some adjectives are added with ‘ co nso na nt + er ’ to form comparative and ‘consona nt + est ’ to form superlatie degree
e.g.

Positive Comparative Superlative

fat fatter fattest

red/td> redder reddest

sad sadder saddest

Some adjectives add ‘er ’ and ‘est ’ to form comparative and superlative by replacing the last letter ‘ y ’ into ‘i ’
e.g.

Positive Comparative Superlative

dry drier driest

busy busier busiest

early earlier earliest

ugly uglier ugliest

If an adjective has two or more than tow syllables we use more or most to form comparative and superlative degree
e.g.

Positive Comparative Superlative

active more active most active

beautiful more beautiful most beautiful

careful more careful most careful

proper more proper most proper

faithful more faithful most faithful

Irregular Adjectives

When there is a complete change in comparative and superlative degrees, they are called irregular adjectives.
e.g.

Positive Comparative Superlative

good better best

bad worse worst

little less least

old older oldest

far farther farthest