Cotton and Wool Outlook Tables

Created February 13, 2025

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Table 1—U.S. cotton supply and use estimates

Table 2—World cotton supply and use estimates

Table 3—U.S. fiber supply

Table 4—U.S. fiber demand

Table 5—U.S. and world fiber prices

Table 6—U.S. textile imports, by fiber

Table 7—U.S. textile exports, by fiber

Table 8—U.S. cotton textile imports, by origin

Table 9—U.S. cotton textile exports, by destination

Table 10—U.S. cotton acreage, yield, and production estimates, 2024/25

Contact: Leslie Meyer or Taylor Dew

Table 1—U.S. cotton supply and use estimates
2024/25
Item 2023/24 Dec. Jan. Feb.

Million acres
Upland:
Planted 10.083 10.975 10.975 10.975
Harvested 6.302 8.443 8.071 8.071

Pounds

Yield/harvested acre 895 782 829 829

Million bales

Beginning stocks 4.478 3.002 3.002 3.002

Production 11.750 13.757 13.946 13.946
Total supply1 16.230 16.759 16.948 16.948
Mill use 1.840 1.790 1.790 1.690
Exports 11.420 10.900 10.600 10.600
Total use 13.260 12.690 12.390 12.290
Ending stocks2 3.002 4.159 4.589 4.689

Percent

Stocks-to-use ratio 22.6 32.8 37.0 38.2

1,000 acres

Extra-long staple:
Planted 147.0 199.0 207.0 207.0
Harvested 137.8 192.0 200.7 200.7

Pounds

Yield/harvested acre 1,101 1,245 1,119 1,119

1,000 bales

Beginning stocks 172 148 148 148

Production 316 498 468 468
Total supply1 488 651 621 621
Mill use 10 10 10 10
Exports 330 400 400 400
Total use 340 410 410 410
Ending stocks2 148 241 211 211

Percent

Stocks-to-use ratio 43.5 58.8 51.5 51.5

1 bale = 480 pounds.
1
Includes imports. 2Includes unaccounted.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, World Agricultural
Outlook Board.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 2—World cotton supply and use estimates
2024/25
Item 2023/24 Dec. Jan. Feb.

Million bales
Supply:
Beginning stocks--
World 75.90 74.16 74.16 73.71
Foreign 71.25 71.01 71.01 70.56
Production--
World 112.98 117.39 119.45 120.46
Foreign 100.92 103.13 105.03 106.05
Imports--
World 44.01 42.25 42.45 42.47
Foreign 44.00 42.25 42.45 42.47

Use:
Mill use--
World 114.78 115.79 115.89 115.95
Foreign 112.93 113.99 114.09 114.25
Exports--
World 44.61 42.26 42.48 42.51
Foreign 32.86 30.96 31.48 31.51
Ending stocks--
World 73.71 76.02 77.91 78.41
Foreign 70.56 71.62 73.11 73.51

Percent
Stocks-to-use ratio:
World 64.2 65.7 67.2 67.6
Foreign 62.5 62.8 64.1 64.3
1 bale = 480 pounds.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, World Agricultural
Outlook Board.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 3—U.S. fiber supply
Oct. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Item 2024 2024 2024 2023

1,000 bales
Cotton:
Stocks, beginning 2,805 5,762 10,101 10,088
Ginnings 3,637 5,104 3,456 2,867
Imports since August 1 0.0 1.1 1.9 0.0

1,000 pounds
Wool and mohair:
Raw wool imports, clean 212.3 454.5 372.2 151.8
48s-and-finer 5.4 48.4 89.2 33.7
Not-finer-than-46s 206.9 406.1 283.0 118.0
Total since January 1 4,280.9 4,735.4 5,107.6 4,314.3

Wool top imports 49.9 34.3 9.4 69.5

Total since January 1 446.5 480.8 490.2 697.5
Mohair imports, clean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total since January 1 2.9 2.9 2.9 4.5

1 bale = 480 pounds.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, National Agricultural Statistics
Service and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 4—U.S. fiber demand
Oct. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Item 2024 2024 2024 2023

1,000 bales
Cotton:
All consumed by mills1 155 136 89 108
Total since August 1 462 598 687 742
Daily rate 6.7 6.5 4.0 5.2

Upland consumed by mills1 155 135 89 107

Total since August 1 460 596 684 738
Daily rate 6.7 6.4 4.0 5.1

Upland exports 489 602 636 936

Total since August 1 1,637 2,239 2,875 3,454
Sales for next season 6 18 45 28
Total since August 1 422 440 485 669

Extra-long staple exports 37.1 28.6 43.8 44.9

Total since August 1 100.6 129.3 172.9 120.8
Sales for next season 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2
Total since August 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.8

1,000 pounds
Wool and mohair:
Raw wool exports, clean 722.4 684.8 1,105.2 267.8
Total since January 1 7,667.0 8,351.8 9,457.0 6,001.9
Wool top exports 6.5 50.0 0.6 12.5
Total since January 1 294.8 344.8 345.4 389.2
Mohair exports, clean 0.0 32.8 41.4 0.0
Total since January 1 278.4 311.2 352.6 243.7

1 bale = 480 pounds.

1
Estimated by USDA.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, Farm Service Agency; USDA,
Foreign Agricultural Service, U.S. Export Sales ; and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 5—U.S. and world fiber prices
Nov. Dec. Jan. Jan.
Item 2024 2024 2025 2024

Cents per pound

Domestic cotton prices:
Adjusted world price 57.40 55.90 54.28 65.59
Upland spot 41-34 65.16 64.96 63.39 78.80
Pima spot 02-46 153.00 169.00 164.71 182.43
Average price received by
upland producers 65.60 62.40 NA 76.70

Far Eastern cotton quotes:

A Index 81.51 80.07 78.23 92.05
Memphis/Eastern 82.88 81.50 78.90 94.44
Memphis/Orleans/Texas 81.88 80.50 78.10 93.94
California/Arizona NQ NQ NQ NQ

Dollars per pound

Wool prices (clean):
U.S. 58s NQ NQ NQ NQ
Australian 58s1 2.21 2.14 2.10 2.28
U.S. 60s NQ NQ NQ NQ
Australian 60s1 3.49 NQ NQ NQ
U.S. 64s NQ NQ NQ NQ
Australian 64s1 4.03 4.03 4.10 4.13

NA = Not available. NQ = No quote.

1
In bond, Charleston, South Carolina.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service,
Cotton Price Statistics ; Cotlook Ltd., Cotton Outlook ; and trade reports.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 6—U.S. textile imports, by fiber
Oct. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Item 2024 2024 2024 2023

1,000 pounds

Yarn, thread, and fabric: 248,553 237,883 231,705 212,675

Cotton 53,500 51,913 50,952 44,977
Linen 23,600 23,108 21,752 20,297
Wool 3,726 3,456 3,353 3,190
Silk 437 635 588 413
Synthetic 167,290 158,772 155,061 143,798

Apparel: 1,019,853 800,297 804,760 684,110

Cotton 510,617 411,108 415,139 359,917
Linen 16,134 13,883 14,587 11,251
Wool 25,442 18,040 16,368 13,959
Silk 25,841 22,571 22,840 15,142
Synthetic 441,819 334,695 335,827 283,841

Home furnishings: 417,859 369,063 301,899 276,839

Cotton 162,824 155,008 136,236 128,272
Linen 8,453 7,442 5,694 3,726
Wool 1,148 1,116 983 680
Silk 160 192 97 267
Synthetic 245,275 205,305 158,890 143,895

Floor coverings: 100,995 102,202 98,784 94,247

Cotton 14,763 16,432 15,730 14,198
Linen 41,259 37,553 39,296 37,533
Wool 11,791 12,141 11,792 10,373
Silk 4,258 5,084 4,987 4,230
Synthetic 28,925 30,993 26,978 27,913

Total imports:1 1,805,050 1,523,812 1,453,077 1,280,865

Cotton 743,892 636,547 620,612 549,270
Linen 90,329 82,974 82,372 73,816
Wool 42,648 35,021 32,803 28,435
Silk 30,703 28,492 28,525 20,053
Synthetic 897,478 740,778 688,765 609,291

Note: Raw-fiber-equivalent pounds. Data are preliminary.

1
Includes headgear.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of the Census.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 7—U.S. textile exports, by fiber
Oct. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Item 2024 2024 2024 2023

1,000 pounds

Yarn, thread, and fabric: 162,428 155,601 114,624 129,623

Cotton 78,019 72,824 51,277 57,577
Linen 3,607 3,426 2,576 3,335
Wool 1,910 1,976 1,495 1,712
Silk 754 854 587 671
Synthetic 78,137 76,521 58,689 66,328

Apparel: 18,980 19,720 15,787 20,755

Cotton 9,465 9,782 7,261 9,441
Linen 546 465 459 914
Wool 1,200 1,159 1,084 1,444
Silk 871 751 632 1,300
Synthetic 6,898 7,563 6,350 7,656

Home furnishings: 5,434 4,682 3,868 4,539

Cotton 2,504 2,310 1,859 2,043
Linen 311 112 125 224
Wool 129 86 56 109
Silk 94 33 51 83
Synthetic 2,396 2,140 1,778 2,080

Floor coverings: 5,418 4,698 3,955 3,269

Cotton 918 830 707 604
Linen 846 714 556 469
Wool 1,526 1,218 1,081 943
Silk 89 65 39 39
Synthetic 2,039 1,871 1,572 1,212

Total exports:1 192,855 185,228 138,658 158,605

Cotton 91,084 85,965 61,248 69,861
Linen 5,325 4,733 3,729 4,954
Wool 4,785 4,457 3,728 4,221
Silk 1,808 1,704 1,310 2,092
Synthetic 89,852 88,369 68,643 77,477

Note: Raw-fiber-equivalent pounds. Data are preliminary.

1
Includes headgear.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of the Census.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 8—U.S. cotton textile imports, by origin
Oct. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Region/country 2024 2024 2024 2023

1,000 pounds

North America 104,763 89,274 93,113 88,367

Canada 2,203 1,920 1,879 1,892
Dominican Republic 9,519 7,979 7,395 7,485
El Salvador 10,606 7,623 6,672 8,676
Guatemala 8,908 7,061 8,701 7,787
Haiti 7,404 7,845 6,080 5,703
Honduras 18,458 16,738 21,879 21,911
Mexico 25,547 23,148 22,382 19,191
Nicaragua 22,033 16,889 18,048 15,663
South America 4,512 3,959 4,632 3,279
Colombia 1,634 1,750 1,842 1,564
Peru 2,599 2,043 2,596 1,591
Europe 21,414 18,656 16,700 16,591
Germany 773 898 909 898
Italy 1,630 1,545 1,687 1,598
Portugal 2,076 1,548 1,801 1,780
Turkey 14,901 12,962 10,519 10,557
Asia 596,639 511,224 491,717 426,050
Bahrain 374 1,257 676 563
Bangladesh 67,140 60,217 56,317 57,016
Cambodia 34,747 22,612 25,426 18,980
China 159,888 145,245 139,525 121,572
India 118,855 106,553 93,077 82,473
Indonesia 24,193 14,791 15,454 12,045
Israel 424 395 277 365
Japan 769 580 716 550
Jordan 7,694 4,116 2,854 3,879
Malaysia 987 903 979 688
Myanmar 627 533 538 371
Pakistan 80,240 74,805 75,059 64,679
Philippines 1,939 1,295 1,664 1,499
South Korea 4,334 3,759 3,877 3,946
Sri Lanka 10,018 6,967 5,354 4,893
Taiwan 722 759 836 775
Thailand 4,175 4,305 4,148 2,885
Vietnam 77,706 60,570 62,838 47,698
Oceania 29 40 33 18
Africa 16,535 13,393 14,416 14,966
Egypt 9,067 6,487 7,808 8,254
Ethiopia 1,126 1,404 1,112 1,807
Kenya 1,994 1,419 1,868 1,448
Lesotho 637 1,042 1,188 833
Madagascar 2,518 1,864 1,653 1,660
World1 743,892 636,547 620,612 549,270
Note: Raw-fiber-equivalent pounds. Data are preliminary.
1
Regional totals may not sum to world totals because of rounding.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of the Census.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 9—U.S. cotton textile exports, by destination
Oct. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Region/country 2024 2024 2024 2023

1,000 pounds

North America 83,816 78,067 52,747 61,937

Bahamas 102 160 189 76
Canada 6,707 6,850 6,297 6,627
Costa Rica 245 194 152 183
Dominican Republic 12,219 18,245 6,892 11,942
El Salvador 7,015 2,766 1,370 2,780
Guatemala 1,682 1,722 1,791 3,240
Haiti 9 15 7 36
Honduras 42,401 36,253 27,767 27,811
Mexico 11,602 9,928 7,198 7,685
Nicaragua 770 994 426 981
Panama 289 199 98 132
South America 1,948 2,335 2,476 1,776
Brazil 185 172 250 141
Chile 211 222 272 164
Colombia 1,060 1,521 1,531 1,129
Peru 153 102 111 68
Europe 1,748 2,315 1,404 1,834
Belgium 124 101 108 52
France 146 139 73 110
Germany 258 376 173 240
Italy 209 172 133 185
Netherlands 143 232 135 186
Switzerland 22 36 32 26
United Kingdom 385 384 294 390
Asia 2,448 2,803 3,079 3,855
China 376 482 476 757
Hong Kong 120 136 183 274
India 151 87 240 136
Israel 49 61 126 111
Japan 556 663 554 569
Singapore 71 43 63 134
South Korea 204 332 378 330
Taiwan 90 156 82 120
United Arab Emirates 318 222 60 801
Vietnam 82 153 198 168
Oceania 381 334 353 245
Australia 269 196 275 207
New Zealand 89 124 67 13
Africa 743 111 1,189 213
Morocco 609 1 1,080 103
World1 91,084 85,965 61,248 69,861
Note: Raw-fiber-equivalent pounds. Data are preliminary.
1
Regional totals may not sum to world totals because of rounding.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of the Census.

Last update: 2/13/25.

Table 10—U.S. cotton acreage, yield, and production estimates, 2024/25
State/region Planted Harvested Yield Production
Pounds/
-- 1,000 acres -- harvested acre 1,000 bales
Upland:
Alabama 400 395 796 655
Florida 85 83 723 125
Georgia 1,100 1,090 850 1,930
North Carolina 410 400 906 755
South Carolina 225 220 873 400
Virginia 91 90 1,093 205
Southeast 2,311 2,278 858 4,070

Arkansas 650 640 1,313 1,750

Louisiana 155 148 1,070 330
Mississippi 520 515 1,165 1,250
Missouri 400 380 1,389 1,100
Tennessee 265 250 1,066 555
Delta 1,990 1,933 1,238 4,985

Kansas 131 124 774 200

Oklahoma 435 190 632 250
Texas 5,950 3,400 579 4,100
Southwest 6,516 3,714 588 4,550

Arizona 96 95 1,263 250

California 21 21 1,405 60
New Mexico 41 30 496 31
West 158 146 1,125 341

Total Upland 10,975 8,071 829 13,946

Pima:
Arizona 14 14 1,029 30
California 145 141 1,226 360
New Mexico 15 15 686 21
Texas 33 31 883 57

Total Pima 207 201 1,119 468

Total all 11,182 8,271 836 14,414

1 bale = 480 pounds.

Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, National
Agricultural Statistics Service, Crop Production report.

Last update: 2/13/25.