Interview Report: Insights from Mirza Momina Mumtaz

Beg, Archive Officer, National Archives of India, Bhopal

In our pursuit to understand the historical significance, preservation, and urban impact of
Bhopal’s heritage sites, we had the privilege of interviewing Mirza Momina Mumtaz Beg, the
esteemed Archive Officer at the National Archives of India, Bhopal. His vast knowledge of
archival records and deep-rooted understanding of heritage conservation provided us with
invaluable insights into the Taj-ul-Masajid, Sadar Manzil, Dhai Seedi Ki Masjid, and Taj
Mahal Palace—the very sites that shape our heritage circuit project.

Opening the Doors to History: The Archives as a Treasure Trove

As we delved into our questions, Sir first directed us towards the key resources that could
further aid our research. He emphasized the role of Jan Sampark Vibhag, ASI
(Archaeological Survey of India), and the Directorate of Archaeology, Archives, and
Museums, which house extensive documentation, conservation records, and historical data.
These institutions, he explained, are custodians of our past, ensuring that our architectural
marvels do not fade into oblivion.

Taj-ul-Masajid: A Jewel of Bhopal’s Architectural Legacy

When asked about Taj-ul-Masajid, Sir’s voice resonated with admiration. He described it as
“not just a mosque, but a monument that breathes life into Bhopal’s cultural and architectural
history.” He painted a vivid picture of its grandeur, speaking of its intricate calligraphy, floral
carvings, and the imposing domes that kiss the sky.

> “If you observe the domes of Taj-ul-Masajid, you will see an influence of Persian and
Mughal styles, reflecting an era where architecture was a language of power, devotion, and
artistry,” he remarked.

He elaborated on the materials used in construction, detailing the red sandstone sourced
from local quarries and how the white marble inlay work gives the structure an ethereal glow
under the sunlight. Each engraving on the walls whispers tales of artisanship, while the
arched corridors narrate stories of faith and resilience.

Preservation & Conservation: Protecting the Past for the Future

The discussion naturally progressed to the preservation and conservation of these sites. Sir
highlighted the challenges of heritage conservation, such as environmental damage, urban
encroachments, and the need for continuous restoration efforts.

> “A monument without preservation is like a book left to decay—it loses its words, its
identity, and ultimately, its existence.”
He explained the methodologies employed in conservation, from chemical cleaning of
engravings to the use of traditional lime plaster for structural reinforcement. The integration
of modern technology, such as 3D mapping for damage assessment, is also playing a pivotal
role in safeguarding these sites.

From Barter to Banking: The Economic Evolution of Bhopal

Sir then took us on a journey through time, exploring Bhopal’s economic evolution. He traced
its roots back to the barter system, where trade was centered around local markets and
handicrafts, to the present-day commercial structures that now drive the city’s economy.

> “These heritage sites were once the financial hubs of their time—mosques, palaces, and
administrative buildings were not just places of worship or governance, but economic
centers where merchants, scholars, and traders converged.”

He cited Sadar Manzil as a prime example, explaining how it once served as the
administrative nerve center, overseeing economic policies and trade routes. Foreign
travelers, merchants, and traders were drawn to Bhopal, making it a thriving economic hub,
much like Delhi and Lucknow in their respective eras.

Religion, Education & Administration: The Pillars of Heritage

Beyond architecture and economy, Sir shed light on the religious, educational, and
administrative roles of these sites. Taj-ul-Masajid, for instance, is not just a mosque—it is a
center of Islamic scholarship, housing madrassas that continue to impart religious education.

> “In history, a city’s development was measured not just in its buildings but in the minds it
nurtured,” he explained.

Bhopal’s heritage circuit represents this ideology, where sites like Dhai Seedi Ki Masjid serve
as symbolic milestones of religious harmony and community development.

Urban Fabric & The Role of Heritage in Modern Development

When asked about the role of these heritage sites in shaping Bhopal’s urban fabric, Sir
provided a compelling perspective.

> “Monuments do not just belong to the past—they actively shape the city’s present and its
future.”
He emphasized how these sites attract tourism, create jobs, and influence city planning. The
restoration of Golghar Museum and Taj-ul-Masajid’s surroundings, for example, is part of
Bhopal’s broader urban renewal strategy. He also spoke about international heritage tourism
and how these sites contribute to Bhopal’s global identity, drawing visitors from across the
world.

A Final Word: The Call for Further Research & Exploration

Before concluding, Sir encouraged us to extend our research by speaking to Professor

Nadvi of Taj-ul-Masajid, who possesses in-depth knowledge about its historical and
architectural development.

> “History is a never-ending archive—every conversation, every document, and every

monument holds a new layer waiting to be uncovered.”

Conclusion: A Conversation That Enriched Our Vision

Our interaction with Mirza Momina Mumtaz Beg was more than just an interview—it was an
exploration of Bhopal’s soul, its history, and its future. His insights deepened our
understanding of heritage conservation, urban development, and the invaluable legacy of
Bhopal’s architectural wonders.