Sample Question Paper-1

(Issued by CBSE on 51h September, 2024)

PHYSICS
Class-12 th
. ------ --- -- --,
:_ SOLVED _:
Allowed: 3 hours
ft[11~ ------ - - - - - - - - : - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Maximum Marks: 70
·c;~neral Instruct10ns: --- -- --- -------- ----------
Read the following instruction s carefully and strictly follow them:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Sectioeen B, Section C, Section D and
Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
each, Section
Bcontains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each,
Section D
contains two case study-based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer
questions
of five marks each.
/j) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided
in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E.
You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
16) Use of calculators is not allowed.
17) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
(i) c= 3 x 108 mis
(ii) me= 9.1 X 10-31 kg
(iii) mp= 1.7 x 10-27 kg
(iv) e= 1.6 x 10-19 C
(v) 11-o= 4n x 10-7 Tm K 1
(vi) h= 6.63 x 10-34 J s
(vii) Eo= 8.854 X 10- 12 C 2N m - 2
.. (viii~ Avogadro's number= 6.023 X 10 23 per gram mole
... -- - - -- - - -
Section-A t6 x '?:= 1.6 Marks l
~-~:form ele_ctric field pointing in positive X-direc_tion exists in a region. Let A be t~e
origin, B be the point on the
s at x = + 1 cm and c be the point on the Y-axis at y = + I cm. Then the pote ntial at
points A, B and c satisfy
(A)VA< VB (8) VA> Vo .
(C) VA< Vc (D) VA> Vc
2· ~conducting wire connects two charged condu cting
spheres such that they attain equilibrium with respect to each
/her. The distance of separation be twee n the two spheres is very large as compared to either of
their radii.
he ratio of the magnitudes of the electric field s at the surfa ces of the two spheres is
(A) i (8) !i
~ ~
2
rl
(C) i (D) z
r2 Yz
I

"---1
Sample Question Papers I 3a
curre nt is unifor
n of radiu s 'n' ca rries a stead y curre nt I. The
1

3. A long straig ht wire of circular cross sectio a/2 above the surfaclTily
magn itud es of th e magn e tic field at a point
distri buted across its cross section. The ratio of eof
wire to that of a point n/2 below its surfa ce is:
(8) 1 : 1
(A) 4 : 1
(D) 3 : 4
(C) 4 : 3

4. The diffra ction effect ca n be obser ved in :

(A) soun d wave s only (8) light waves only
(D) sound wave s as well as light wave s
(C) ultras onic wave s only
by a dista nce ofO.OOQJ
an area of cross-section of 0.001 m2,_se parat ed
5. A capac itor consi sts of two parallel plates , with curre nt through the
rate of 108 Vis, then the value of displ acem ent
m. lf the volta ge across the plate s varie s at the
capac itor is:
4
(8) 8.85 X 10- A
(A) 8.85 X 10- 3 A
3
3 (D) 9.85x 10- A
(C) 7.85x 10 - A
If the capacitance
ance, capac itance and induc tance is 10 V each.
6. In a series LCR circuit, the volta ge across the resist
tance wiJI be:
is short circu ited the volta ge across the induc
(8) 10 ✓ 2V
(A) 10 V

10 (D) 20 V
(C) ✓2V

7. Corre ct matc h of colum n I with colum n II is:

C-1 (wav es) C-11 (Prod uctio n)

(1) Infra -red P. Rapi d vibra tion of elect rons in aeria ls

they mov e
(2) Radi o Q. Electrons in atom s emit light whe n
from high er to lowe r ener gy level. I

(3) Ligh t R. Klys tron valve

(4) Micr owav e S. Vibra tion of atom s and mole cules
(B) 1-S, 2-P, 3-Q, 4-R
(A) 1-P, 2-R, 3-S, 4-Q
(D) 1-S. 2-R, 3-P, 4-Q
(C) 1-Q, 2-P, 3-S, 4-R
d when it move s with a speed V towa rds a
nucleus.
is
8. The distance of closest appro ach of an alpha particle dista nce of the close st approach is d:
r energ y such that the new
Anot her alpha particle is proje cted with highe
le in this case ?
What is the speed of proje ction of the alpha partic
(A) V/2
(8) JzV

(C) 2V
(D) 4V
The distance of virtU~
sp here of radiu s 6 cm and refrac tive index 1.5.
9 A point objec t is place d at th e centre of a glass
imag e from the surface of th e spher e is:
(A) 2 cm (B) 4 cm

(C) 6 cm (D) 12 cm
to:
10. Colou rs obser ved on a CD (Com pact Disk) is due
(B) Diffrac tio n
(A) Refl ecr-ion
(D) Abso rp tio n
(C) Dispe rsion
upo n.
ndu ctio n by dopa nt a to ms d epe nds stron g ly
11 The numb er of eleclrons made ava ilab le for co
(B) incre ase in a mbie nt te mpe ra ture
(A) dopin g level
(D) optio ns (a) a nd (b) bo th
(C) energ y ga p
resistance is
by U. l %, th e n the perce ntage chan ge in its
12. lf copp er wire is stre tched to make il s radiu s d ec rease
appro xima tely :
(A) - 0.4% (8) + 0.8%
(C) + 0.4% (D) + 0.2%
 Question Papers I 39
Sa!TIP Ie
uestions number 13 to 16, two statements a.re given one labelled as Assertion (A) and th e O ther labelled as
•.
for q
n (R) Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) an d (D) given be.lo~, ·
J{easo · _
as
_ H both Assertion and Reason are true a nd Reason is the correct expla nat10n .
of Asserbon:
(A) lfboth Asse rtion and Rea son are true but Reaso n is no t the correct e.-xplanatio n of
Ass-erbon.
~ ) If Asse rtion is true but Reason is fa lse.
(D) if both Assertion and Reason are false .
( . • .. . . · h
, Assertion (A): On increasing the current sens1ti v1ty of a galva no m eter b y mcreasm ber of turns mav not
3 g t e num ·
l necessarily increase its voltage se nsitivity.
Reason (R): The resistance of the coil of the galvanome ter increases o n increasing the number
of turns.
14, Assertion (A): In a hydrogen atom, there is only one electron but its e missio n sp ectrum sh
ows many lines.
Reason (R): In a given sample of hydrogen, there are m a n y atoms each conta ining o ne electron
; hence m_any
electrons in different atoms may be in different orbits so many transitions from hig her to lower
orbits are possible.
15, Assertion (A): Nuclei having mass number about 60 are least stable.
Reason (R): When two or more light nuclei are combined into a hea vier nucleus then the
binding e nergy per
nucleon will decrease.
16. A.ssertion (A): de Broglie's wavelengt h of a freely falling body keeps decreasing with time.
Reason (R): The momentum of the freely falling body increases with time.

Section -B
17. A platinum surface having work function 5.63 eV is illuminated by a monochro matic source of 1.6 x
10 13 H z.
\"vhat will be the minimum wavelengt h associated with the ejected electron.
18. (a) l.n Young's double-slit experimen t using monochrom atic light of wavelengt h 11., the intens ities of t,,·o sources is
I. What is the intensity of light at a point where path difference between wave front is A ?
[2]
OR
4
(b) A beam of light consisting of two wavelength s, 4000 A and 6000 A, is u sed to obtain
interferen ce fringes in a
Young's double-slit experimen t. What is the least distance from the central maximum where
the dark fringe is
obtained?
19. P a.nd Qare two identical charged particles each of mass 4 x 10-26 kg a nd charge -4.S x 10- 19 C , each mO\m o with
the same speed of 2.4 x 105 m/s as shown in the figure. The two particles are equidistan t (0.5 m
) from the ver;cal y
-axis. At some instant, a magnetic field Bis switched on so tha t the two p a rticles undergo hea
d- o n co llis io n.
y

lm

+~ - - -- -+-- - - - --'----- -
Q X
Find-
(I) the direction of the m agne ti c fi e ld a nd
(II) the magnitud e of the m agne tic field app lied in the region .
(for VJ candidates )
A proton is moving with speed of 2 x I 0 5 m s- 1e nt ers a uniform m ag netic field H = 15 T t\t the entry velocity , ·c'Ctl,r
makes an angle of 30° to the direct-ion of th e m ag ne tic field . C 1lculate
(a) the pitch of he lica l p a th described by the charge
(b) Kinetic e nergy after completin g ha lf of the circle.
20. Bi ct·
n ing e ne rgy per nucleo n vs m ass- num b e r curve fo r nuc I t' I. 1s
. sIrnw11 .111 t Iw ..
· . . . . .
tii,;1.1re. \,Y >,,. y ' 111 l:l z ,11e
. 1.l)Ur nuclei.
indicated on the curve. Ide ntify which of the follo wmg nucle i 1s most likely ll) und c r~o
' ' '

(i) Nuclear Fission 111

(ii) Nuclear Fusion .
Justify your answer.
 40 I OSWAAL CBSE Sample Question Papers, PHYSICS C
, lass. 1~
y
8.5
8.0 -- r - - --- X I

I
7.5 ----r ----- ---- ---
I

£3.E.(MeV)
A 5.0

i
30 60 90 190
A---.
(for V.J. Candidates)
Binding energy per nucleon and mass number of the following nuclei are given in the below table
- --- --
Nuclei I Binding energy per nucleon (MeV) Mass number
.J - -- -
w 7.5 190 _ _ _J
'-

~
X 8.0 90
f-
y 8.5 60
I
z 5.0 30 I

Identify which of the following nuclei is most likely to undergo

(i) Nuclear Fission
(ii) Nuclear Fusion.
Justify your answer.
21. What should be the radius 'r' of nearest possible orbits of satellite of mass 'm' revolving around the planet of mass
'M' as per Bohr Postulates in terms of m, M, G, h where G is Gravitational constant and his plank's constant. [!]

Section-C [7x3=21 Marks]

22. (I) Identify the circuit elements X and Y as shown in the given block diagram and draw the output waveforms of
X and Y. (Ix3=3]

(II) if the centre tapping is shifted towards Diode D1 as shown in the diagram, draw the output waveform of the
given circuit.
Centre-Tap
Transformer

] --:,: --t-- D...io-d-l X-

e~l-(D- ,)~_:--,-

·---- ------- • RL Output

y
(for V.I. candidates)
Which device is used to. convert . und erlyi ng principle and explam
· t0 DC . Stale its
AC 111 . its • If t he frequenCV·
. working.
. . .
·
· device.
of input AC to this devICe 1s 60 Hz, ti1en w I1at w1·11. be frequency of the output of this

2 3. F!nd th~ expressio1~ for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation d when (I)~
d1electnc slab of thICkness t and (II) a metallic slab of thickness /, where (/ < d) are introduced one by one betwee
the plates of the capacitor. In which case would the capacitance be more and why? [tx3== 31
r-
 Pl 6
auosllon Popora I 41
••"', I) I ,,·11w i1 ,•,;y d li ,gr,1111 111, 111,· 1111 ,11 "ll!1 Ii
1J l l111 ,1111• l, ('
,,,., (
,. I) Wli v 1!1, •111• 1y111 fl/,,.,, .,,,
·11 t1 p1 ·11 ,ll'(• ) ,(.
I If lf•d
'
II Vf•I'
y ,I d ll l11•1~1', d 11 f1·l,•r1/ r, jlf'.
,.,, ( . I
' d ' I '' I\ 1y 111• t1•f,,ll"1. 1 J" r1 . (Wrltr• 2 polnlf ,J
I I
(I
• ,11 ('11111l
. ltl1U w1 )
(tOI ' '
I ·,1 <1~•'1'"'" " t1•lt ·111'() j)l' It, br rl lt WIi ii ' Ill 111 ' .. d' • d
tn c m , u 1 '
I.
11111 )\(' ll lf •t 1t ( f w11 111irr11 r,; p l11d nv1 tlw,n 2.JJ mm ,.ir;MI . If
•
/\ ' '
,n·
.1, 111 1
'
,; I 11t, • l.1 rg1· ntl , r, ,,. 1,. 2011 11111) ' 11 11 1. f 1II ' 11 111 II u j ,-
,,f .in'' b'J1;C:.
1J I
111
1
Ill'? " n , rr(I , lf1 l fif! m,11 w l H·n· wi ll th,· fi n,,1 im;,ir,•·
' '
!i ll III ll y
S 1111' l' II Pl'/',Y b,,n d d lllf'l'll lll f'n,· p_1 i, . 1 1,
2 ·\,
fl I,,,,,w
In !lit· 1•,lwn d l,11v ·11111 c 1111 11 i't1 ,·ri ni• ,1111 ~!.\(
.' ,' ''. ".'d tlC'lor .i t 0) ·1 IJ K,111,J (ii) r,,r,m tcmpc:ratun:.
1I1 dt' 111 whldi condi li<Jn will the bu lb y)11w
!) whl'II llw 11 wi ll'h IHopv n ' ' l

(h) wlw11 llw 1.wll ch iHdn1•1t.'d

Jwitify y our an11 wN.
(Switch)
✓* -
Bulb

Cell
(for V. J. Ca ndida tes )
Explain briefly how
(i) barrier pote n tia l is fo rm ed in p-n junction diode.
d when it is (a) forwa rd biased , (b) revers e biased .
(ii) Wid th of d epleti on region of the diode is affecte
pipe vertically with charge d spherical ball of mass
10 g
26. A boy is hold in g a smoot h, hollow and non-conductoting move along the axis of the pipe. The boy is movin g the pipe
ca rryi ng a charg e of +10 mC inside it which is free the boy
in the presen ce of magne tic field of 2T. With what minim um velocity, shoul d
from East to Wes t direct ion ine the direct ion of the magne tic field.
move along the axis. Also determ
move the pipe such that the ball does not
at the face AC as shown in Fig. 1.
27. A li ght ray enteri ng a right- angled prism undergoes refraction
the prism in Fig. 1?
0) Wha t is the refrac tive index of the material of
A

45°
B C

(II) (a) If the side AC of th e above prism is now surro

und ed by a liquid of refractive index as shown in Fig. 2, 1
ion or
the interface AC or u nderg oes total intern al reflect
determin e if the li ght ray contin u es 1-0 graze along
undergoes refrac tion into the liq uid . A _____ _____ ___ _

---=-=-= id =-=-:=-=
- LiqLi-----
----- --
_
---====~-~~
_..;~ 1-- -......._ ----- ---
1~=

B C
. . resent the path fo llowed by the incide nt ray with the corres pondi ng angle
(b) Draw the ray dia gram to rep
values .

(Given, sin- 1 ✓2 ==54.6°)

✓3

(for V.J. candidates)

 42 I OSWAAL CBSE Sample Question Papers, PHYSICS , Cla ss-12

the angle of the prism. If the ray

A ray of fj g ht is incident on an equilate ral prism at an angle ~th of
symm etrica lly through th e prism, find the (a) angle of minimum ~ ev iati on,
and (b) refractive index of the 111
na1
~:Ses
of th e prism.
for th e electric field duet
28. (I) State Gauss's th eorem in elec!Tos ta tics. Usin g thi s th eo re m, derive an exp ression 0
an
infinitely long straight wire of linea r charge density ),.
(II) (a) Define electri c flu x and write its SJ unit.
(b) Use Gauss's law to obtain the ex pression for th e electric field
due to a uniform ly charged infinite plan
e
shee t of charge.

Section-D [2><4=8 Marks]

29. Case Study Based Questio n: Motion of Charge in Magneti c Field
ma_gnetic field. This electron is able to
An electron with speed V0 < < c moves in a circle of radiu s r0 in a uniform
is perpendJ Cular to both V0 and B, as shown .
traverse a circular path as the magneti c force acting on the electron
s without changin g its speed and the particle ~
the figure. Thjs force continuo usly deflects the particle sideway
time required for one revoluti on of the electron is T0
move along a circle perpend icular to the field. The
➔

X X X X xB X X

X X -~-- X
X
X X X
X X X
F
X X X q X
X X X
X X X X

X X Vo X X

X X X X X X
will change to
(i) If the speed of the electron is now doubled to 2v0 • The radius of the circle
ro
(D)
(A) 4 r0 (B) 2 r0 (C) r0 2
(ii) If v = 2v0 , then the time required for one revoluti on of the
electron (T0 ) will change to
To
(C) T0 (D)
(A) 4 T0 (B) 2 T0 2
(iii) A charged particles is projecte d in a magneti c field . The
accelera tion of the particle is found to be . Find the
value of x.
(A) 4 ms- 2 (B)-4 ms-2 (C) - 2 ms-2 (D) 2 ms-2

(iv) If the given electron has a velocity not perpend icular to B,

then traj ec tory of the electron is
(B) circular (C) helical (D) zig-zag
(A) straight lin e
OR
If thi s electron of charge (e) is movin g parallel to uniform magn etic field with constan t velocity v, the force
acting on the electron is

Be B
(A) Bev (8) (C) (D) Zero
V e,,
30. Case Study Based Ques tion: Photoele ctric effect
n lig ht of a s uitab le frequenc y is incident
It i~ th e ph enomen on of em iss io n of elec tro ns from a me ta llic s urface w he
on it. The emitt ed electron s are ca ll ed photoele ctrons. . Ill
all metal s ex hibit thi s effect with ultrav io let lig ht but a lka li me ta ls like lithium, sod ium, potassium, cesiu 5
Nearly
i.e. pho toelectro ns a re emitted as so?n ~
e tc. ~ho~ thi s _effect eve n with visibl e li g ht. It- is a n insta nta neous process
ctrons emitted per seco nd is directly proportion
th e li ght is mc1d ent o n the me tal surface. The numbe r of photoele
to th e intensit-y of th e incide nt radiation . th
metal surface is indepen dent of e
The maximu m kin etic energy of th e photoele ctrons e mitted from a given
incident light. For a given metal surfac:
inte nsi ty of th e incide nt lig ht a nd depends o nly o n th e frequenc y of the
nt light below which emission of photoelectroll
there is a certain minimu m value of the frequenc y of the incide
does not occur.
 sample Question Papers
1 43
n a photoelectric experiment plate .
fl) I . current 1s plotted •
\' against anode potential.
I

(A) A and B will have same intensities while Ba d C . h . V

. . . n WI 11 ave different frequencies
(B) Band C will have different intensities while A and B ·11 h d"ff .
. . . w1 ave I erent frequenoes
(C) A and B will have different intensities while B and C ill h .
. . w ave equal frequenoes
(D) Band C will have equal intensities whHe A and B w·11 h fr .
. i ave same equenoes.
(IT} Photoelectrons are emitted when a zinc plate is
(A) Heated
(B) hammered
(C) Irradiated by ultraviolet light (D) b" d ·
thr h Id fr su Jecte to a high pressure
(DI) The . e~ ob equency for photoelectric effect on sodium corresponds to a wavelength of 500 nm Its work
function 1s a ou .
19
(A)4xl0- J (B)lJ
(C) 2 X 10-19 J (0) 3 X 10-19 J
(IV) The maximum kinetic energy of photoel t · d fr · ·
. . ec rons ermtte om a surface when photons of energy 6 eV fall on rt rs 4
eV. The stoppmg potential is
(A)2V (B)4V
(C) 6 V (D)lOV
OR
The minimum energy required to remove an electron from a substance is called its
(A) work function (B) kinetic energy
(C) stopping potential (D) potential energy

Section-E [3x5=15 Marks]

31.(I) (a) Write two limitations of ohm's law. Plot their 1-V characteristics.
(b) A heating element connected across a battery of 100 V having an internal resistance of 1 0 draws an initial
current of 10 A at room temperature 20.0 °C which settles after a few seconds to a steady value. What is the
power consum ed by battery itself after the steady tempera ture of 320.0 °C is attained? Temperature coefficient
of resistance averaged over the temperature range involved is 3.70 x 10-4 °C- 1•
OR
(ll)(a) Using Kirchhoff' s la ws obtain the eq uation of the ba lanced state in Wheatstone bridge.
(b) A wire of uniform cross-section and resistance of 12 ohm is bent in the shape of cirde as shown in the figure.
A resista nce of 10 ohm s is conn ected to di ametrica ll y opposite end s C and D. A battery of emf 8V is connected
between A and B. Determine th e current fl owi ng th ro ugh arm AD.
C

+
L - - -- - -7 ~---------'
8V
44 I OSWAAL CBSE Sample Question Papers , PHYSICS, Class-12

(for VJ . Candidates)
(Il)(a) Using Kirchhoff's laws obtain the equation of the balanced state in Wheatstone bridge.
(b) What do you understand by ' sensitivity of Wheatstone bridge' ? How the sensitivity of wheatstone bridge
can be increased?
32. (I) Explain briefly, with the help of a labelled diagram, the basic principle of the working of an a.c. generator. In an
a.c. generator, coil of N turns and area A is rotated at an angular velocity win a uniform magnetic field B. Derive an
expression for the instantaneous value of the emf induced in coil. What is the source of energy generation in this
device?
OR
(II)(a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which cfianges a low ac voltage into a high
voltage. Deduce the expression for the ratio of secondary voltage to the primary voltage in terms of the ratio of
the number of turns of primary and secondary winding. For an ideal transformer, obtain the ratio of primary
and secondary currents in terms of the ratio of the voltages in the secondary and primary coils.
(b) Write any two sources of the energy losses which occur in actual transformers.
(c) A step-up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage. Does it violate law of
conservation of energy? Explain.
3 3. (I) (a) A giant refracting telescope at an observatory has an objective lens of focal length 15 m. If an eyepiece of focal
length 1.0 cm is used, what is angular magnification of the telescope in normal adjustment?
(b) If this telescope is used to view the moon, what is the diameter of the image of the moon formed by the objective
lens? The diameter of the moon is 3.48 x 106 rn, and the radius of lunar orbit is 3.8 x 108 m.
OR
(11) A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 6.25
cm separated by a distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective should an object be placed in order to obtain
the final image at
(a) the least distance of di stinct vision (25 cm) and (2]
(b) infinity? What is th e magnifying power of the microscope in each case?