Scribd
Upload
1 views

LP_problem_2008

The 2nd International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics took place in Bandung, Indonesia, on August 23, 2008, featuring a theoretical competition lasting 5 hours with 15 short and 3 long questions. Participants received problem sheets in English or their native language, and were instructed to provide detailed solutions using specific formatting guidelines. The document also includes essential astronomical constants and a conversion table for various units relevant to the competition.

Uploaded by

Aarti Bhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1 views

LP_problem_2008

The 2nd International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics took place in Bandung, Indonesia, on August 23, 2008, featuring a theoretical competition lasting 5 hours with 15 short and 3 long questions. Participants received problem sheets in English or their native language, and were instructed to provide detailed solutions using specific formatting guidelines. The document also includes essential astronomical constants and a conversion table for various units relevant to the competition.

Uploaded by

Aarti Bhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

The 2nd International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics

Bandung, Indonesia
Saturday, 23 August 2008
Theoretical Competition

Please read this carefully:


1. Every student receives problem sheets in English and/or in native language,
an answer book and a scratch book.
2. The time available is 5 hours for the theoretical competition. There are fifteen short
questions (Theoretical Part 1), and three long questions (Theoretical Part 2).
3. Use only Black or dark blue pen
4. Use only the front side of answer sheets. Write only inside the boxed area.
5. Begin answering each question on a separate sheet.
6. Numerical results should be written with as many digits as are appropriate.
7. Write on the blank answer sheets whatever you consider is required for the solution of
each question. Please express your answer primarily in term of equations, numbers,
figures, and plots. If necessary provide your answers with concise text. Full credit will
be given to correct answer with detailed steps for each question. Underline your final
result.
8. Fill in the boxes at the top of each sheet of paper with your country code and your
student code.
9. At the end of the exam place the books inside the envelope and leave everything on
your desk.
Theoretical Competition 2nd IOAA August 23, 2008

Astronomical and Physical Constants


Quantity Value
Astronomical unit (AU) 149 597 870 691 m
Light year (ly) 9.4605 × 1015 m = 63,240 AU
Parsec (pc) 3.0860 × 1016 m = 206,265 AU
Sidereal year 365.2564 days
Tropical year 365.2422 days
Gregorian year 365.2425 days
Sidereal month 27.3217 days
Synodic month 29.5306 days
Mean sidereal day 23h56m4s.091 of mean solar time
Mean solar day 24h3m56s.555 of sidereal time
Mean distance, Earth to Moon 384 399 000 m
Earth mass (M ⊕) 5.9736 × 1024 kg
Earth mean radius 6 371 000 m
Earth mean velocity in orbit 29 783 m/s
Moon mass (M) 7.3490 × 1022 kg
Moon mean radius 1 738 000 m
Sun mass (M) 1.9891 × 1030 kg
Sun radius (R) 6.96 × 108 m
Sun luminosity (L) 3.96 × 1026 J s-1
Sun effective temperature (Teff) 5 800 oK
Sun apparent magnitude (m) -26.8
Sun absolute magnitude (M) 4.82
Sun absolute bolometric magnitude (Mbol) 4.72
Speed of light (c) 2.9979 × 108 m/s
Gravitational constant (G) 6.6726× 10-11 N m2 kg-2
Boltzmann constant (k) 1.3807 × 10-23 J K-1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant (σ) 5.6705× 10-8 J s-1 m-2 K- 4
Planck constant (h) 6.6261 × 10-34 J s
Electron charge (e) 1.602 × 10-19 C = 4.803 × 10-10 esu
Electron mass (me) 5.48579903 × 10-4 amu = 9.11 × 10-31 kg
Proton mass (mp) 1.00727647 amu = 1.67268 × 10-27 kg

2
Theoretical Competition 2nd IOAA August 23, 2008

Neutron mass (mn) 1.008664904 amu = 1.67499 × 10-27 kg


Deuterium nucleus mass (md) 2.013553214 amu = 3.34371 × 10-27 kg
Hydrogen mass 1.00794 amu = 1.67379 × 10-27 kg
Helium mass 4.002603 amu = 1.646723 × 10-27 kg

Conversion table
1Å 0.1 nm = 10-10 m
1 barn 10-28 m2
1G 10-4 T
1 erg 10-7 J = 1 dyne cm
1 esu 3.3356 × 10-10 C
1 amu (atomic mass unit) 1.6606 × 10-27 kg
1 atm (atmosphere) 101,325 Pa = 1.01325 bar
1 dyne 10-5 N

3
Theoretical Competition 2nd IOAA August 23, 2008

THEORETICAL PART 2

(300 points for 3 Theoretical Part-2, 100 points for each question)
Show your method of solution step by step in the answer sheets completely as your final
answer. The scratch sheet is to be used for your personal calculation and will not be
marked. Partial credits will be given for answers without showing method of solution.

1. An eclipsing binary star system has a period of 30 days. The light curve
in the figure below shows that the secondary star eclipses the primary star (from point
A to point D) in 8 hours (measured from the time of first contact to final contact),
whereas from point B to point C, the total eclipse period is 1 hour and 18 minutes. The
spectral analysis yields the maximum radial velocity of the primary star to be 30 km/s
and of the secondary star to be 40 km/s. If we assume that the orbits are circular and
has an inclination of i = 90o, determine the radii and the masses of both stars in unit of
solar radius and solar mass.

A D E H
Intensity

F G

B C

T im e

2. A UBV photometric (UBV Johnson’s) observation of a star gives U = 8.15, B = 8.50,


and V = 8.14. Based on the spectral class, one gets the intrinsic color (U – B)o = -0.45.
If the star is known to have radius of 2.3 R, absolute bolometric magnitude of -0.25,
and bolometric correction (BC) of -0.15, determine:
a. the intrinsic magnitudes U, B, and V of the star (take, for the typical interstellar
matters, the ratio of total to selective extinction (color excess) RV = 3.2),
b. the effective temperature of the star,
c. the distance to the star in pc.
Note: The relation between color excess of U - B and of B – V is E(U – B) = 0.72 E(B – V).
9
Theoretical Competition 2nd IOAA August 23, 2008

Let Av be the interstellar extinction and R = 3.2, then Av = 3.2 E(B-V).

3. Measurement of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) shows that its
temperature is practically the same at every point in the sky to a very high degree of
accuracy. Let us assume that light emitted at the moment of recombination (Tr ≈
3000 K, tr ≈ 300000 years) is only reaching us now (To ≈ 3 K, to ≈1.5 x 1010 years).
Scale factor S is defined as such S0= S ( t = to ) = 1 and St = S ( t < to ) < 1. Note that

the radiation dominated period was between the time when the inflation stopped
(t = 10-32 seconds) and the time when the recombination took place, while the
matter dominated period started at the recombination time. During the radiation
dominated period S is proportional to t1/2, while during the matter dominated period
S is proportional to t2/3.
a. Estimate the horizon distances when recombination took place. Assume that
temperature T is proportional to 1/S, where S is a scale factor of the size of the
Universe.
b. Note: Horizon distance in degrees is defined as maximum separation between the
two points in CMBR imprint such that the points could “see” each other at the time
when the CMBR was emitted.
c. Consider two points in CMBR imprint which are currently observed at a separation
angle α = 5°. Could the two points communicate with each other using photon?
(Answer with “YES” or “NO” and give the reason mathematically)
d. Estimate the size of our Universe at the end of inflation period.

10

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy