the sky, the moon, the sun, the earth

the Himalayas, the Everest, the Nile, the Great Wall of China
the piano, the guitar, the violin, the flüte
the Wilsons, the Smiths, the Wilkinsons

I saw a man at the park. The man was wearing a white hat.
The hat was really weird.
 this-that

this book that man

this machine that house
this time that computer
this table that boy
this door that university

This book is very interesting

That boy is really naughty
This is a nice house
That is a very interesting story
 these-those

these girls those skirts

these shoes those house
these people those computers
these children those new dresses
these chairs those animals

These girls are very intelligent

Those shoes are really expensive
These skirts are trendy
Those chairs are rather old-fashioned.
Susan’s car her car
Jack’s office his office
The dog’s tail its tail

The girls’ uniforms Children’s toys

The teachers’ room People’s Republic of China
The doctors’ union Women’s rights
 of
Kapının kolu The handle of the door
Evin bahçesi The garden of the house
Türkiye’nin nüfusu The population of Turkey
Kitabın sayfaları The pages of the book

benimle
with with me
Ailemle with my family
arkadaşlarımla with my friends
Hasan’la with Hasan
 Possessive pronouns

My house mine That is my house – that is

Your jacket yours mine

His computer his Whose jacket is it? – It is

Her school hers hers

its babies its Is this your computer? – Yes,

Our school ours It is mine

Their mission theirs

Possessive pronouns
 status description
I am hungry This is an old machine
He is sad That is an expensive vase
She is very happy It is a fast car
They are so tired These are nice flowers
We are a bit bored Antalya is a nice city
You are very kind Swimming is very healthy
 job appearance
I am a teacher I am 77 cm. tall
He is a doctor He is very fat
She is a young nurse She is quite slim
They are students They are very old
We are workers We are too young
You are a good student He is in his 20s.
 weather nationality
The weather is too hot She is Japaneese
It is very cold today I am Turkish
The weather is so lovely They are French people
It is a windy day He is a Brazilian actress
The weather is so nice today We are Turkish students
 time place
It is five o’clock I am at home
It is half past seven They are in the garden
It is too late We are behind the cinema
It is quarter to seven He is at work
It is so early now She is on the bus
 negative
I am hungry I am not hungry
She is a nurse She is not a nurse
They are engineers They are not engineers
It is a beautiful house It is not a beautiful house
We are very tired We are not very tired
I am not – I’m not
You are not - you aren’t
He is not- He isn’t
She is not – She isn’t
It is not- it isn’t
We are not- we aren’t
They are not – they aren’t
 question
I am hungry Are you hungry?
She is a nurse Is she a nurse?
The coffee is hot Is the coffee hot?
They are in the canteen Are they in the canteen?
Cem is in the bookstore Is Cem in the bookstore?

Aren’t you hungry?

 Wh- questions
Who kim Who are you? What is that?
What ne Who is she? What is your name?
When Ne zaman Who is that girl? What is his number?
Where nerede
What time When is your birthday?
Saat kaçta
Which When is her wedding ceremony?
hangi
Why When is the last train?
niçin
Whose kimin Where is your computer?
How nasıl Where are my socks?
How old Kaç yaşında Where is the nearest pharmacy?
How far Ne kadar uzak
What time is your flight? Whose car is it?
What time is it? Whose is that bag?
What time is the English exam? Whose computer is it?

Which is your house? How are you today?

Which pencil is yours? How is your new car?
Which color are your eyes? How is the weather today?

Why are you late? How old is your grandfather?

Why is she so sad? How old are you?
Why is your voice so loud? How old is your house?

How far is Bandırma from Istanbul?

How far is the village from here?
 There is There are

There is a good film tonight There are three students here

There is a little milk in the fridge There are a few birds on the tree
There is an apple on the table There are six regions in Turkey
There is some bread in the There are some people in the
kitchen room.
There is much violence on TV There are a lot of children on the
street.
 There isn’t / aren’t
There isn’t any milk at home
There isn’t any bread in the kitchen
There isn’t any sugar = There is no sugar
There aren’t any children in the classroom
There aren’t any questions in the book
There isn’t much space in the Harddisk
 Is there/ Are there
Is there a hotel near here?
Is there any milk in the fridge?
Is there a cheap restaurant in this town?
Are there any chairs in the room?
Are there any problems in the house?
 How many / How much
How many students are there in the classroom?
How many trees are there in the garden?
How many computers are there in the office?

How much money is there in your bank account?

How much olive oil is there at home?
How much bread is there in the kitchen?
 Prepositions of Place
in the kitchen
in under on the roof
on between at school
behind the library
at over in front of the cinema
behind above next to my house
near the station
in front of below under the bed
next to between the shop and the bank
over the fence
near above the picture
below the board
I have got a house in Bandırma
They have got a few offices here
She has got a step sister
Bandırma has got a crowded population
I
You He
We ‘ve got She ‘s got
They It
 negative

I haven’t got any sister or brother

I haven’t got a house
She hasn’t got any time for breakfast
Meltem hasn’t got a child.
 question

Have you got a pencil?

Have you got a car?
Has she got a family?
Has Hasan got any children?

B.E. A.E.
Have you got a pet? = Do you have a pet?
 How many / How much

How many siblings have you got?

How many days have we got for the exam?
How much money have you got in your pocket?
How much money has she got in the bank?

How much money have you got? = How much money do you have?
 can / can’t

S + can + V + O
Ability

I can play the guitar

She can speak three languages fluently
They can climb this mountain
 can / can’t

S + can + V + O
Permission

You can use my laptop

You can go out
They can play football in the garden
 can’t

S + can’t + V + O
Lack of ability

He can’t eat by himself

I can’t lift the box, please help me
We can’t climb this tree
 can’t

S + can’t + V + O
Prohibition

You can’t see my photos

You can’t park here
You can’t go out, please sit down.
 can

Can + S + V + O?
Asking about ability

Can you drive a car?

Can you play any musical instrument?
Can you run 1 km in 5 minutes?
 can

Can + S + V + O?
Polite request

Can you help me?

Can you bring me a glass of water?
Can you call me back later?
 could

S+ could + V + O
Ability in the past

He could swim very well when he was young

I could speak German fluently before.
I could run so fast when I was a child.
 could

S+ could + V + O
possibility

It could rain tonight

It could be windy there.
We could stay here today.
 couldn’t

S+ couldn’t + V + O

Lack of ability in the near past

I couldn’t solve this problem

We couldn’t start the machine
They couldn’t win our team.
 could

Could+ S + V + O?
Polite request

Could you repeat that, please?

Could you help me?
Could you explain the story?
 imperatives

V+O

Speak slowly, please Look at the sky

Open the door Give me a pencil
Turn off the air-con Tell me the truth
Help me Say my hello to him
Call me later Be quiet
 negative imperatives

Don’t+V+O

Don’t sit down

Don’t tell me lies
Don’t be silly
Don’t make me angry
Don’t turn off the light
 Invitations

Let’s + V(1)

Let’s go out
Let’s eat something
Let’s have a drink
Let’s talk about this problem in detail
Let’s go to the cinema
 Invitations

How about + V(ing)

What about

How about going to a cafe?

How about going swimming?
What about eating pizza?
How about speaking English?
 Invitations

Shall we+ V(1)

?
Shall I

Shall we talk about literature?

Shall we drink lemonade?
Shall I turn on the light?
Shall I bring you some water?
 Invitations

Why don’t we + V(1) ?

Why don’t we go to the movie?

Why don’t we go to the park?
Why don’t you eat something?
Why don’t you see a doctor?
 Invitations
accepting refusing
That’s great No, I can’t
That would be great I am afraid I can’t
Sounds good No way
Why not Sorry but I can’t
Yeah, I like it Unfortunately, no
OK I don’t like it
 too-enough
Too + adjective adjective+enough
Nice to meet you I haven’t got enough time
Nice to meet you, too She hasn’t got enough money
I am a teacher, too.
We are strong enough to defeat
It is too hot them
It is too hot to go out He is skilled enough to do this
She is too young task
She is too young to drive a car
 So-such
so + adjective + that Such a/an + adjective + noun + that

The exam was so easy that i finished He was such a skilled teacher that all his
it quickly students admired him very much.

It was so cold that we didn’t go out. There was such a nice weather that we
went for picnic every day.
The film is so funny that everybody
is laughing in the cinema. It was such a scary film that most people
abondoned the cinema.
 Simple Present
I
YOU Always
Usually
WE
Occasionally
go to the library
THEY
Generally
Often
Sometimes
Rarely
HE Seldom
SHE Hardly ever goes to the library
Never
IT
 Daily routines in the morning
get up take the rubbish out in the afternoon
always
usually
get dressed take the dog for a walk in the evening
have a shower go to the cinema
occasionally
brush my teeth have dinner with family on Monday
generally on weekdays
have breakfast surf on the net
often
leave home ride bicycle
sometimes at night
start work study for exams
rarely at the weekends
have lunch go out
seldom at 7 o’clock
arrive home read a book
hardly ever
have a nap play table tennis
never every day
watch T.V. go for a walk
chat with friends go jogging every weekend
read magazine go to bed
after breakfast
before lunch
 negative
I
YOU do not / don’t
WE go to work at the weekends
THEY read the news every morning
like going out at nights
eat cabbage
watch T.V. a lot
drink milk
HE
go to bed early
SHE does not / doesn’t
IT
 question form
I
YOU read magazine?
WE go to the cinema?
THEY like eating mushroom soup?
surf on the net a lot?
visit your grandparents?
go to work on Saturday?
HE
like your job?
SHE
IT
I leave home early I don’t leave home early
She gets up very late She doesn’t get up very late
My father watches the news every morning My father doesn’t watch the news every morning
They go to their summer house on holiday They don’t go to their summer house on holiday
He enjoys fishing at the weekends. He doesn’t enjoy fishing at the weekends.

Do you leave home early?

Does she get up very late?
Does your father watch the news every morning?
Do they go to their summer house on holiday?
Does he enjoy fishing at the weekends.?
 kim kime/kimi
Who helps you at home? Who do you help at home?
Who wants to have breakfast? Who does she like?
Who cooks dinner? Who do you call the most?
Who knows English? Who does she know here?

kiminle kimin
Who do you go to school with? Whose car do you drive ?
Who do you have dinner with? Whose laptop does she use at work?
Who do you go to the movie with? Whose house do you stay in?
Who do you speak English with? Whose jacket does she wear?
 ne ne zaman
What do you do? When do you go on a holiday?
What do you know about me? When does the school finish?
What does she like doing? When does it snow in Bandırma?
What makes you happy? When do you leave home?

nerede/nereye saat kaçta

Where do you live? What time do you get up?
Where does she work? What time does she leave home?
Where do you go at the weekends? What time does your sister come home?
Where does your father live? What time does the train leave?
 hangi neden/niçin
Which color do you like? Why do you get up so late?
Which team do you support? Why does she live alone?
Which school do you go to? Why don’t you like living here?
Which subject do you enjoy learning? Why do you work here?

nasıl/ ne ile ne sıklıkla

How do you go to school? How often do you read a book?
How does she go to work? How often does she go to the cinema?
How do you know all of them? How often do you visit your grandparents?
How do you make a cake? How often does your sister watch TV?
 ne tür
What kind of music do you like?
What sort of films do you watch?
What type of books do you read?
What kind of sports do you do?

ne kadar sürer
How long does it take you to go to work?
How long does it take him to arrive home?
How long does it take to go to Antalya from here?
How long does it take us to finish this Project?
 Simple Present Tense ’in Kullanıldığı Yerler

a) Her gün yapılan işler ve alışkanlıklar b) Belirli bir süre bile olsa devam eden durumlar

e.g. I always get up at 6 o’clock in the morning e.g. She lives in Antalya
e.g. She sometimes helps her mother at home e.g. My sister goes to secondary school

c). Bilimsel gerçekler ve atasözleri d) Gelecekte yapılması planlı olan işler (sinema-
tiyatro uçak,tren,vapur kalkış saatleri)
e.g. The Earth goes around the Sun e.g. The plane to Antalya takes off at 8 o’clock
e.g. The rolling stone gathers no moss e.g. The art exhibition starts on the 23rd of
November
e) Film, hikaye ve romanlardaki olayları daha canlı f) Gazete manşetleri genellikle geniş zaman olur
tarif etmek için
e.g. Hamlet opens the door and sees his uncle inside e.g. Afghanistan car bombing kills at least 89 at
e.g. In chapter three, Sam convinces his brother to market place
go tothe village e.g. Heavy snowfall hits Turkey early this year
g) Resmi olarak spor, gösteri, düğün gibi olayları i). Süreklilik bildirmeyen fiilllerde kullanılır.Bunlara;
açıklamada NON-PROGRESSIVE VERBS diyoruz.
e.g. I now pronounce you husband and wife
e.g. I declare Tony Jaa the winner of gold medal
 NON-PROGRESSIVE VERBS

understand- want- look- seem – exist – suppose – believe-need-

know- realize – remember- see- hear- feel- taste- smell- dislike –
mind- hope- expect – prefer – have – own – belong- care –
imagine – include – cost – forget -weigh
I understand your problem He wants a good job

You look very beautiful Everything seems alright

God exists everywhere I believe in God

I know three languages He prefers coffee to tea

 e.g. TIME
I am teaching English NOW
They are asking questions RIGHT NOW
JUST NOW
We are walking in the park AT THE MOMENT
My father is watching the news FOR THE TIME BEING
I am talking to my mum on the phone TODAY
THESE DAYS
They are studying English TONIGHT
He is going to the beach
ing- rule
Come- coming
Lie – lying
Dig- digging
 negative
I am not teaching English
They are not / aren’t asking questions
We aren’t walking in the park
My father is not / isn’t watching the news
I am not talking to my mum on the phone
They are not studying English
He isn’t going to the beach
 Question
Are you listening to me?
Is she preparing breakfast now?
Are they going to Istanbul today?
Am I disturbing you?
Is your brother attending the English course today?
Are they staying at a hotel for the time being?
Aren’t you coming to the party tonight?
 kim ne
Who is calling? What are you doing here?
Who is snoring in the room? What is she cooking for dinner?
Who is she talking to? What is your father reading?
Who are they fighting with? What is happening here?

nerede/nereye ne zaman
Where are you staying now? When is the train leaving?
Where is she going to? When are you coming back to Turkey?
Where is Semih eating lunch? What time is the plane taking off?
Where are they going for holiday? What time are we going to the cinema?
neden
Why are you crying?
Why isn’t she going to a doctor?
Why are they fighting?
Why aren’t you going to school today?

nasıl-ne ile
How is it going?
How are you going to work today?
How is she going to Istanbul?
How is your life going on?
 was-were
time
I was very ill Last night
Last summer
It was cold yesterday Yesterday
They were in Bodrum last week Yesterday morning
2 days ago
The lesson was very boring 5 years ago
3 months ago
The holiday was so short
It was the last day of my visit
They were the best players in the team
I was at home last night
The children were ill at home
 negative
I wasn’t very ill
It wasn’t cold yesterday
They weren’t in Bodrum last week
The lesson wasn’t very boring
The holiday wasn’t so short
It wasn’t the last day of my visit
They weren’t the best players in the team
I wasn’t at home last night
The children weren’t ill at home
 Question
Were you at home?
Was the exam easy?
Were you at the cinema? Yes, I was
Was the film good? No,I wasn’t
Were you ill last week?
Was she at school yesterday?
Was she a nurse at hospital?
 who what
Who was she? What was the name of the film?
Who was your English teacher? What was your plate number?
Who was the murderer in the film? What was your grandmother’s name?
Who was the winner of the game? What was your biggest goal ?

where when
Where were you yesterday? When was the second English exam?
Where was she last night? When was his birthday?
Where was his wedding ceremony? When was the concert?
Where were they last summer? When was the graduation ceremony?
 V(2)
We went to Izmir last Saturday
I ate dinner at 6 o’clock
She finished her work early
They saw a snake on the way home
I understood the matter very well
He brought a lot of souvenirs from Italy
I bought a small house in the town
It rained a lot yesterday
 negative

We didn’t go to Izmir last Saturday

I didn’t eat dinner at 6 o’clock
She didn’t finish her work early
They didn’t see a snake on the way home
I didn’t understand the matter very well
He didn’t bring a lot of souvenirs from Italy
I didn’t buy a small house in the town
It didn’t rain a lot yesterday
 Question

Did you see her latest album?

Did they visit you in Istanbul?
Did she leave the office late?
Yes, I did
Did you see Jane this morning? No, I didn’t
Did they find the treasure?
Did your sister graduate from university?
Did you buy a new car?
Didn’t it rain last night?
 who-kim who-kimi/kime
Who broke the vase? Who did you send the money?
Who cleaned the room? Who did they call in the morning?
Who knew the answer? Who did you mean?
Who paid the bill? Who did you fight with?

what-ne when-ne zman

What did you have at breakfast? When did you finish university?
What did she think about this? When did they find the treasure?
What made you angry? When did you become a teacher?
What happened? When did she die?
where-nerede what time / kaçta
Where did you study university? What time did you get up this morning?
Where did you spend last summer? What time did she leave the office?
Where did they stay in Antalya? What time did your plane arrive?
Where did you go yesterday? What time did the film start?

why-neden which-hangi
Why did you go to hospital? Which film did you like most?
What didn’t you go to hospital? Which color did you choose?
Why did she want to quit her job? Which subject did you like at school?
Why did they sell their house? Which team did you support during the
match?
 Past Continuous Tense
He was going to school
She was dancing with her husband
We were going to Izmir
My mum was ironing the shirts
He was having breakfast
was
were
When I saw him While I was looking for my wallet
When they left the house While I was ironing my shirt
When it started raining While it was raining
When I left home While they were going home
When she opened the door While my father was fixing the roof
 when-while

I cut my finger while I was cutting onion

It started raining when I left home
The electricity went off while I was watching TV
Just as I was leaving home, an earthquake occured.
When I opened the door, I saw him on the table.
 will
instant decisions
I will go out = I’ll go out
We will go shoppping
They will have a rest

A: There is no bread in the kitchen

B:OK. I will go shopping today.
A: I am very hungry.
A: The phone is ringing
B:OK. I will order pizza for you
B: I will answer it
 will
predictions

I think I think GS will win the match

I doubt he will come to the ceremony
I guess I suppose he will finish university next year
I promise I guess nobody in the classroom will find a
I suppose S + will + V(1) +O clue.
In the future, people will be able to live on
I believe Mars
I hope 50 years later, everyone will have a plane
I doubt
 Will you…?
Polite request

Will you pass me the salt, please?

Will you open the door,please?
Will you marry me?
 negative
will not = won’t

I won’t go there
He won’t have breakfast
They won’t come to play basketball
Semih won’t be in the team next season
You won’t be able to see him for some time
 Wh- Question

Who will come with me?

What will you do?
Where will you go?
When will you pay it back?
What time will you get up tomorrow?
How will you go to London?
 going to
planned actions

I am going to go to Balıkesir tomorrow

My brother is going to get married next month
They are going to come back to Turkey next Tuesday
We are going to have an exam three days later
I am going to attend an English course this summer
 going to
inference

There are black clouds in the sky. It is going to rain.

He is not studying for exams. He is going to fail

He is not listening to the teacher. He is not going to have

a good mark in the exam.

Look out! The cat is going to catch the mouse.

 Question

Am
Is S going to V(1) O?
are

Are you going to come with me?

Is she going to tell you the truth?
Are they going to send the Syrian refugees some money?
Is her sister going to get divorced?
 Wh- Question

Who is going to come with me?

What are you going to buy for your mother?
Where are they going to stay in İzmir?
Why is she going to sell her car?
 Present Perfect Tense

be was/were been forget forgot forgotten

go went gone drive drove driven
clean cleaned cleaned play played played
have had had live lived lived
sleep slept slept teach taught taught
come came come study studied studied
write wrote written find found found
see saw seen read read read
 Present Perfect Tense

I have just come home

He has just finished university
I have already had breakfast
They have already sold their house
 Present Perfect Tense

I have never been to Italy

I have read this book many times
We have watched that film
She has never eaten tripe soup
 Present Perfect Tense

I have lost my keys (still missing)

She has cleaned the room (still clean)
He has broken his leg (still broken)
I have cut my finger (still bleeding)
 Present Perfect Tense

I have brushed my teeth twice today

She has gone to hospital three times this month
I haven’t seen him this week
They have changed their car twice this year
Present Perfect Tense

since for
 since/for

I have lived in Bandırma for 5 years

I have lived in Bandırma since 2013
I haven’t seen her for a long time
She has driven a car for 6 hours
It has rained since yesterday morning
I have been a teacher for 11 years
 Present Perfect Tense

She has gone to Italy She has been to Italy

(Still there) (went and came back)

 negative

She hasn’t finished her breakfast yet

I haven’t talked to the manager yet
She has never eaten fish in her life
We haven’t arrived in Antalya yet
 Question

Have you had breakfast?

Have you seen Jack today?
Has she come to the office yet?
Hasn’t your sister graduated from university yet?
 Asking experience

Have you ever ridden a horse?

Have you ever travelled by plane?
Has she ever been abroad?
Has your brother ever been to London?
 comparatives
am
S+ İs
are + comparative adj + than + O
Antalya is hotter than İzmir
İzmir is more beautiful than Ankara
Adana is more crowded than Konya
Ardahan is colder than Kars
The exam started earlier than we expected
 superlatives
am
S + + superlative adj + Noun + of/in + P
İs
are

Istanbul is the most crowded city of Turkey

Kızılırmak is the longest river in Turkey
Arda is the tallest student of the classroom
English is the most popular language of the world
Turkey is the most powerful country of the Middle East
 Superlatives + Perfect Tense

This is the best book I have ever read

That is the most interesting film I have ever watched
Here is the most beautiful place I have ever been
He is the most honest man I have known so far
 the same as
My jacket is the same as yours
similar to
His shirt is similar to mine

different from
The climate of Isparta is different from that of Antalya
 Conditional Clauses
Type 1
If clause + main clause

can/can’t
If + simple present , S+ Will /won’t + V(1)+ O
to be must/ mustn’t
(am-is-are) Should/shouldn’t
 Conditional Clauses
Type 1

If you are hunry, we can eat something

If she is late to the classroom, the teacher won’t take her inside
If you don’t like fish, you can eat something else
If she goes to England, she can learn English in a short time
You can take a nap if you are tired.
If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go for a picnic.
If she doesn’t want to come with us, she can go alone.
 Conditional Clauses
Type 2
If clause + main clause

could/couldn’t
If + simple past , S+ + V(1)+ O
Would /wouldn’t
to be
(was-were)
 Conditional Clauses
Type 2 Unreal Present

If I were you, I would move to another city

If I had a lot of money, I could buy that car
If she were here now, we would go to beach together
If they had a house, they wouldn’t live in a tent
If it were Saturday today, we would go swimming
If I were in your shoes, I would do the same
 Adverbial Clauses

WHEN- BEFORE – AFTER- AS SOON AS – UNTIL – UNLESS - ALTHOUGH

Adverbial clause + main clause

 when

When I go to Izmir, I will buy some clothes

When I went to İzmir, I bought some clothes
When I was five years old, I could swim very well
When I saw her, she was crying in the garden
 before

Before I go to school, I will pay the bills

Before I went to school, I paid the bills
Before having breakfast, I took a shower
He retired before he reached the age of 60
 after

After I finish my work, I will pick up my sister

After I finished my work, I picked up my sister
After school, we will go to the cafe
After he finished university, he started working here
 as soon as

As soon he goes to London, he will start an English course

As soon as he went to London, he started an English course
As soon as she finishes university, she will apply for that job
 Until-till

I will wait for him in the lounge until he comes

I waited for him in the lounge until he came
He stayed home until his wife came back
She learnt 3 languages till the age of 10
 Unless

Unless you learn English, you will have problems with foreigners
Unless she comes to work on time, her manager won’t promote her
Unless you put aside some money, you will have financial problem
Unless you tell me the truth, I won’t trust you
 Although-even though

Although he isn’t British, he can speak English like a native speaker

Although she knows three languages, she can’t find a job
Even though he knows the truth, he keeps it secret
Although we know coke is harmful, we continue drinking it.
 Asking – Giving direction

Where is the bus-stop?

Where is the nearest bus-stop?
How can I get to / go to the bus-stop?
Could you please tell me the way to the bus-stop?
Could you tell me where the bus-stop is?
 Go straight ahead
Go along this road/street
Turn right
Turn left
Take the first/second/third turning on the left/right
Go past the ….
You will see a…..
You can’t miss it
two/four blocks away
Go across the street/river / bridge
On the left / on the right / on the corner of
on your right / on your left
round the corner
 Modals
must – personal responsibility mustn’t - prohibition
I must get up very early tomorrow You mustn’t spit on the ground
You must study harder to get into university You mustn’t watch too much TV
She must tidy her room now She mustn’t eat junk food.

must – strong advice

You must watch this film. I am sure you will like it
You must visit me when you come to Turkey.
It is very delicious. You must taste it.
 have to / has to
obligations coming from outside
I
You He
have to She has to
We
they don’t have to It doesn’t have to

I have to use this medicine to get well. I don’t have to get up early tomorrow.
She has to wear glasses You don’t have to eat pizza, you can eat something else
We have to wear a uniform at work She doesn’t have to go to work
He has to be at work at 9 He doesn’t have to study at university.