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King Ping of Zhou - Wikipedia

King Ping of Zhou, also known as Ji Yijiu, was the thirteenth king of the Zhou dynasty and the first of the Eastern Zhou dynasty, reigning from 770 to 720 BC. He ascended the throne after the overthrow of his father, King You, and moved the capital from Haojing to Luoyang, marking the transition to the Eastern Zhou period. His legacy includes a connection to Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang dynasty, who claimed descent from him.

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22 views3 pages

King Ping of Zhou - Wikipedia

King Ping of Zhou, also known as Ji Yijiu, was the thirteenth king of the Zhou dynasty and the first of the Eastern Zhou dynasty, reigning from 770 to 720 BC. He ascended the throne after the overthrow of his father, King You, and moved the capital from Haojing to Luoyang, marking the transition to the Eastern Zhou period. His legacy includes a connection to Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang dynasty, who claimed descent from him.

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05/03/2025, 16:28 King Ping of Zhou - Wikipedia

King Ping of Zhou


(Redirected from Yijiu)
King Ping of Zhou (Chinese: 周平王; pinyin: Zhōu
Píng Wáng; died 16 April 720 BC), personal name Ji King Ping of Zhou
Yijiu,[3] was the thirteenth king of China's Zhou 周平王
dynasty and the first of the Eastern Zhou dynasty.[4]

History
He was the son of King You of Zhou and Queen Shen
(申后).

King You had exiled Queen Shen and Ji Yijiu after


the king became enamoured with his concubine Bao
Si and made her queen and his son Bofu his heir.[5]
As a result, Queen Shen’s father, the Marquess of
Shen, teamed with the Quanrong nomads and local
satellite states to overthrow King You.[4][6] In the
Battle of Mount Li King You and Bofu were killed,
and Bao Si captured. Ji Yijiu ascended the throne. At King of the Zhou dynasty
about the same time, Jī Hàn (姬翰), Duke of Guó (虢 Reign 770–16 April 720 BC
公 ), elevated Jī Yúchén ( 姬 余 臣 ) to the throne as
Predecessor King You of Zhou
King Xie of Zhou ( 周 携 王 ), and the Zhou Dynasty
saw a period of two parallel kings until King Xie was Successor King Huan of Zhou
killed by Marquis Wen of Jin (晋文侯) in 750 BCE.
Died 16 April 720 BC[1]
The Xinian manuscript, however, has challenged this Issue Crown Prince Xiefu
traditional narrative. It seems to indicate that King Prince Hu
Xie (also known as King Hui, or the King at Xie) was Ruizu of Zhou (周睿祖)
originally accepted by many of the regional lords Names
over King Ping. After Marquis Wen of Jin killed Xie,
Ancestral name: Jī (姬)
there was not an officially accepted King of Zhou for
Given name: Yíjiù (宜臼)
9 years, until, in 741 BCE, Marquis Wen recognized
Posthumous name
Ping. Three years later, in 738 BCE, Wen helped Ping
King Ping (平王)
move to Chengzhou.[7]
House Ji
King Ping moved the Western Zhou dynasty's capital Dynasty Zhou (Eastern Zhou)
east from Haojing to Luoyang,[8] thus ending the
Father King You of Zhou[2]
Western Zhou and beginning the Eastern Zhou
dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period. He is Mother Queen Shen
the first Zhou king to be mentioned in the
chronological account of the Zuo Zhuan. King Ping of Zhou

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05/03/2025, 16:28 King Ping of Zhou - Wikipedia

Over 14 centuries after King Ping’s death, Tang Posthumous name


dynasty Empress regnant Wu Zetian claimed Chinese 周平王
ancestry from King Ping through his son Prince Wu,
Literal meaning The Peaceful King of Zhou
and changed the dynastic name to Zhou, which was
reverted to Tang after her death.[9] Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin Zhōu Píng Wáng
Family Wade–Giles Chou Píng-wang
King Píng of Chou

Sons
First son, Crown Prince Xiefu (太子洩父), the father of King Huan of Zhou
Second son, Prince Hu (王子狐)
Served as a hostage of Duke Zhuang of Zheng
Youngest son, Prince Wu (王子武)

Ancestry
King Li of Zhou (890–828
BC)
King Xuan of Zhou (d. 782 BC)
Shen Jiang of Shen

King You of Zhou (d. 771 BC)


Duke Wu of Qi
Queen Jiang of Qi

King Ping of Zhou (d. 720 BC)

Marquis of Shen

Queen Shen of Shen

See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors

References
1. 左丘明. 《春秋左氏傳‧隱公三年》 (in Chinese). "三年，春，王三月，壬戌，平王崩，赴以庚
戌，故書之。"
2. Chinese Text Project (http://ctext.org/dynasty.pl?if=en&dynasty=27), Rulers of the Zhou states
– with links to their occurrences in pre-Qin and Han texts.
3. Michael Loewe and Edward Shaughnessy, ed. (1999), The Cambridge History of Ancient
China, Cambridge University Press
4. Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian, "Zhou Dynasty Annals".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Ping_of_Zhou 2/3
05/03/2025, 16:28 King Ping of Zhou - Wikipedia

5. Giles, Herbert A. (1912). The Civilization of China. Tutis Digital Publishing. ISBN 81-320-0448-
5. Chapter 1
6. Bamboo Annals
7. Minzhen, Chen; Pines, Yuri (2018). "Where is King Ping? The History and Historiography of the
Zhou Dynasty's Eastward Relocation" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26571325). Asia Major. 31
(1): 1–27. JSTOR 26571325 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26571325).
8. Zheng Zhu (郑注), "Classic of Rites · Unified Sacrifices" (礼记·祭统》）
9. Paludan, 101

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