UNIT-1 COMMUNICATION SKILLS

M ul ti pl e Choi c e Q ue sti ons

1. W hi c h of t he fol l owi ng m e thods are used to receive information

from t he se nde r t hrough a letter?
a) L i st e ni ng
b) Spe a ki ng
c) R e a di ng
d) W ri t i ng

2. W hi c h of t he se i s a posi t i ve (good) facial expression?

a) St a ri ng ha rd Sm i l i ng
b) Noddi ng whi l e l i st e ni ng
c) W ri nkl e d fore he a d
d) L ooki ng a wa y from t he speaker

3. W hi c h of t he se se nt e nc e s use upper case letters correctly?

a) I a m Hungry.
b) Di vya a nd Suni l a re re a di ng.
c) T he buc ke t i s Ful l of wa t e r.
d) She l i ve s i n De l hi .

4. T he proc e ss of c onve rt i ng messages into communication symbols,

whi c h m a y be unde rst ood by the receiver is called
(a) E nc odi ng
(b) De c odi ng
(c) Fe e dba c k
(d) C om pi l a t i on

5. W hi c h of t he se nt e nc e s a re punctuated correctly?
a) W he re a re you goi ng.
b) I ha ve a pe n a not e book a nd a pencil.
c) I a m so ha ppy t o se e you!
d) T hi s i s Abdul ’s house .

6. Fi l l i n t he bl a nk wi t h c orrect articles He is ___University student

a) t he
b) a n
c) a
d) None of t he a bove

7. W hi c h of t he se se nt e nc e s is in passive voice?
a) T he y a re wa t c hi ng a m ovi e.
b) T he c l oc k wa s re pa i re d by Raju.
c) He i s sl e e pi ng i n t he room .
d) My pe t dog bi t t he post m a n.
 8. W hi c h of t he fol l owi ng i s NOT an element of communication?
a) Se nde r
b) Me ssa ge
c) R e c e i ve r
d) Ga t e wa y

9. Sha ri ng of i nform a t i on by using words is a ______ type of

c om m uni c a t i on
a) Ve rba l
b) Non-ve rba l
c) Vi sua l
d) Al l of t he a bove

10.W ords t ha t de sc ri be nouns are called--------------

a) Art i c l e s
b) Adve rbs
c) Adj e c t i ve s
d) Ve rbs

11.W hi c h of t he fol l owi ng does not come under 7C’s of basic

pri nc i pl e s of c om m uni c a t i ons
a) C l e a r
b) C om pl e t e
c) C orre c t
d) C l e ve r

12-----------------i s t he bra i n’s ability to make sense of what we see

through our e ye s.
a) Vi sua l pe rc e pt i on
b) Pa st e xpe ri e nc e s
c) Fe e l i ngs
d) Pre j udi ce s

13.“ Spe a ki ng t oo fa st m a y show excitement or nervousness”- is an

e xa m pl e for whi c h t ype of visual communications?
a) Post e r
b) T ouc h
c) Spa c e
d) Pa ra l a ngua ge

14. Ide nt i fy t he subj e c t i n t he sentence, “The children played

foot ba l l .”
a) T he c hi l dre n
b) C hi l dre n pl a ye d
c) Pl a ye d
d) Foot ba l l
 15.W ha t a re t he di ffe re nt t ypes of sounds used in English
pronunc i a t i on?
a) Vowe l sounds
b) Di pht hong sounds
c) C onsona nt sounds
d) Al l of t he a bove

ANSW E R S:
1)d 2)a 3)d 4)a 5)d 6)c 7)b
8)d 9)a 10)c 11)d 12)a 13)d
14)a 15)d

SH O RT ANSWE R T YP E QUESTIONS (2Marks each)

1. W ha t a re c om m uni c a t i on skills?
C om m uni c a t i on ski l l s a re those skills which are needed to speak
a nd wri t e prope rl y. One should have the ability to listen carefully
a nd wri t e a nd spe a k c l e a rl y in any situation.

2. W ri t e down t he e l e m e nt s of communications?
Se nde r, m e ssa ge , m e di a , e ncoding, decoding, receiver and
fe e dba c k.

3. W ri t e down t he fa c t ors a ffecting perspectives in communication.

L a ngua ge , Vi sua l pe rc e pt i on, Past experiences, Prejudices,
Fe e l i ngs, E nvi ronm e nt , Pe rsonal Factors and Culture.

4. E xpl a i n bri e fl y t he 7C s ba sic principles of communications

a) C onc i se ne ss
In form a l c om m uni c a t i on, we should be very careful about the
bri e fne ss/ c onc i se ne ss of t he message. It is always helpful for both
t he se nde r a nd t he re c e i ver because it saves their time. Concise
m e ssa ges a re he l pful i n ge tting the meaning.
b) C orre c t ne ss
C orre c t ne ss m e a ns t he a c curacy of thoughts, figures, and words. If
t he gi ve n i nform a t i on i s not correctly conveyed, the sender will
l ose re l ia bi l i t y.
c) C onc re t e ne ss
W hi l e c om m uni c a t i ng one should be very specific. Concretene ss is
a n i m port a nt a spe c t of e ffective communication. It is about being
spe c i fi c a nd de fi ni t e ra t he r than general.
d ) C l a ri t y = C l a ri t y i s one of the principles of formal
c om m uni c a t i on. W ha t e ve r we speak/communicate should have
c l a ri t y. T he i de a of t he m e ssage should be very clear in the mind of
t he se nde r.
 e) C om pl e t e ne ss
E ffe c t i ve c om m uni c a t i on depends on the completeness of the
m e ssa ge. Inc om pl e t e m e ssages create ambiguity in the audience.
f) C onsi de ra t i on
It i s a n a c t of c onsi de ra t i on. While sending a message the sender
shoul d l ook from t he a ngl e of the audience. The sender should
unde rst a nd t he fe e l i ngs a nd emotions of the receivers. It shows that
i n c om m uni c a t i on we should consider the audience.
g) C ourt e sy
C ourt e sy m e a ns pol i t e be havior. While communicating, everybody
shoul d show pol i t e ne ss t owards others. It facilitates
c om m uni c a t i on.

5. W ha t a re ve rba l c om m uni c ations? Give one example for oral

c om m uni c a t i ons
Ve rba l c om m uni c a t i on i s t he sharing of information by using
words. It i s wha t m ost pe ople use as a method of communication.
E xa m pl e s:
 Fa c e -t o-fa c e c onve rsa t i on:
 T a l ki ng on a phone
 C l a ssroom t e a c hi ng, busi ness discussion and public speeches

6. W ha t a re t he a dva nt a ge s a nd disadvantages of verbal

c om m uni c a t i ons?
Adva nt age s of ve rba l c om munication
 Ve rba l c om m uni c a t i on i s easy and quick
 E ffe c t i ve l y c onve y t he m e ssage
 Fa st e st m ode of C om m uni cation
 Use ful for i l l i t e ra t e s
Di sa dva nt a ge s:
 L e ss c re a t i ve
 R e qui re a t t e nt i on t hroughout
 Inc re a se s t he c ha nc e of m i stakes

7. De fi ne non-ve rba l c om m unications?

Non-ve rba l c om m uni c a t i on is the message we send to others
wi t hout usi ng a ny words. Non-verbal communication makes our
m e ssa ge st ronge r. Usi ng t he right gestures while speaking makes
our m e ssa ge m ore e ffe c t i ve. Knowing non-verbal communication
he l ps us unde rst a nd our a udience’s reaction and adjust our behavior
or c om m uni c a t i on a c c ordi ngly.

8. How t o m a ke use of e ye c ontact communication effectively?

L ook a t t he pe rson who i s speaking, Keep a relaxed, pleasant look
B re a k t he l ook e ve ry fe w seconds.
9. W ha t a re vi sua l c om m uni c ations? Give examples
It i s t ha t t ype of c om m uni cation, which involves sending and
unde rst a ndi ng m e ssa ge s only through images or pictures. The main
a dva nt a ge of t hi s t ype of c ommunication is that you do not need to
know a ny pa rt i c ul a r l a nguage for understanding it.

E xa m pl e s of Vi sua l C om m unication
 T ra ffi c sym bol whi c h c om municates not to blow horn
 Si gn for l a di e s a nd ge nt s t oilet
 Si gn for fl a m m a bl e subst a nces

10. W ha t a re c onj unc t i ons? Gi ve examples Conjunctions are words that

j oi n t wo nouns, phra se s or sentences. Some common conjunctions
a re ‘a nd’, ‘or’ a nd ‘but ’.

11. W ha t i s t he i m port a nc e of writing skills in communications?

W ri t i ng ski l l s i nc l ude a l l the knowledge and abilities related to
e xpre ssi ng ourse l ve s t hrough the written word. It is a sound
unde rst a ndi ng of l a ngua ge through grammar, spelling and
punc t ua t i on. Pe opl e wi t h e xcellent writing skills can tailor thei r
t one a nd word c hoi c e t o di fferent situations and people.

12. W ha t a re t he di ffe re nt t ypes of sounds of words in English.

Al l E ngl i sh words a re m a de of three basic types of sounds Vowels:
T he E ngl i sh a l pha be t ha s five vowels (a, e, i, o and u) sounds. This
m e a ns m ost vowe l s c a n be pronounced in different ways. We make
a vowe l sound whe n we re ad a vowel in a word. Diphthongs
(c om bi na t i on sound of t wo vowels): We make a Diphthong sound
whe n we c om bi ne t wo vowels. Diphthongs start as one vowel sound
a nd go t o a not he r.
 UNIT- GREEN SKILLS
M ul ti pl e Choi c e Q ue sti ons:

1. T he Sust a i na bl e De ve l opm e nt Goals(SDGs) adopted by the United

Na t i on i n?
(a) 2015
(b) 2016
(c) 2017
(d) 2018

2. How m a ny goa l s a re t he re i n SDGs?

(a )15
(b)16
(c )17
((d)18
c
)3. How m a ny c ount ri e s have signed the SDGs?
1 (a) 163
7 (b) 173
(c) 183
(d) 193

4.4. R a i n ha rve st i ng i s a m e t hod of:

(a ) Soi l c onse rva t i on
(b) Ai r c onse rva t i on
(c ) W a t e r c onse rva t i on
(b). (d) Pl a nt c onse rva t i on

5.Gre e n E c onom y-W hi c h of the following is not a natural resource?

(a ) C oa l
(b) E l e c t ri c i t y
(c) Pe t rol e um
(d) Soi l
 Answe r t he fol l owi ng Que stions (2mark):

Q1 W ha t i s a gre e n e c onomy?
Answe r–In 1989 T he Gove rnment of the United Kingdom
i nt roduc e d t he ‘Gre e n E c onomy’. As per the UNEP definition the
gre e n e c onom y one t ha t re sults in reducing environmental risks,
e c ol ogi c a l sc a rc i t i e s, i m proved human well-being, ecological
sc a rc i t i e s, a nd soc i a l e qui ty.

Q2 W ha t a re t he c om pone nts of a Green Economy?

Answe r–T he Gre e n E c onomy includes the following components.
∙ R e ne wa bl e E ne rgy
∙ Gre e n B ui l di ng
∙ W a st e Ma na ge m e nt
∙ W a t e r Ma na ge m e nt
∙ L a nd Ma na ge m e nt
∙ W e l l –Ma na ge d t ra nsport a t ion

Q4 W ha t i s t he i m port a nc e of green economy?

Answe r:
1. It re spe c t s pl a ne t a ry boundaries or ecological limits and scarcity of
re sourc e s.
2. It he l ps t o prot e c t bi odi ve rsity and ecosystems.
3. It i s re sourc e a nd e ne rgy e fficient and it promotes low carbone
m i ssi ons.
4. It de l i ve rs pove rt y re duction, human well-being, livelihoods,
soc i a l prot e c t i on a nd a c c e ss to essential services.

Q5 W ha t i s c l i m a t e c ha nge?
Answe r – C l i m a t e c ha nge means change in the environmental
c ondi t i on of t he e a rt h. Human activities are the largest contribution
of c l i m at e c ha nge a nd e a rt h temperature by burning fossil fuels,
i nc re a si ng l i ve st oc k fa rm i ng, Fertilizers containing nitrogen and
c ut t i ng down t re e s.

Q6. How doe s ha rm ful ra diation affect climate change?

Answe r–Oz one l a ye r prot e cts earth from harmful radiation from the
sun, Oz one l a ye r i s m a de of a gas. Coolants in refrigerators, Air –
c ondi t i one rs a nd C l e a ni ng chemicals directly affect the Ozone
l a ye r. W he n oz one l a ye r a ffects the harmful radiation comes to
e a rt h a nd i nc re a se s he a l t h disorders.
 Q7. W ha t a re na t ura l di sa sters?
Answe r–Na t ura l di sa st e rs depend on climate change, when the
c l i m a t e c ha nge e a rt hqua ke s, floods, storms, landslides etc. affe ct
t he e a rt h.
T o sa ve t he e a rt h a nd e nvi ronment we need to educate people about
t he e nvi ronm e nt , t hrough the environment and for the environment.

Q8 How t o sa ve t he e nvi ronment?

Answe r–T he re a re t hre e t hings people need to do to save the
e nvi ronm e nt .
a. R e duc e –If you m a na ge waste management properly, if you
re duc e t he use of unne c e ssary products or items, buy items with
m i ni m a l pa c ka gi ng, a voi d buying plastic bags or plastic products
etc.
b. R e use –
Al wa yst ryt ore use wa st e productsinadifferentwayorreprocessing.
For e xa m pl e , m a ki ng pi l l ow covers you can use old shirts or old
l a di e s’ sui t s.
c. R e c yc l i ng–R e usi ng some components of the waste that may
ha ve som e e c onom i c va l ue . Paper, Metal, glass and plastics are
re c yc l a bl e . You c a n re c yc le the plastic, metal, glass, and paper
produc t s.

Q9 W ha t i s e ne rgy c onse rvation?

Answe r–C onse rva t i on of e nergy means saving the energy and using
i t e ffi c i e nt l y.
1. Use L E D bul bs i nst e a d of using Tube light or normal bulbs.
2. Swi t c h of fa ns, T V, l i ght s and other electrical appliances when it is
not use d.
3. Usi ng a pre ssure c ooke r t o make food will save energy.
4. Ke e p t he bul b a nd t ube s c l ean.

Q10 W ha t i s Gre e n growt h?

Answe r–Gre e n growt h i s a n approach for achieving economic
growt h t ha t i s soc i a l l y i nc lusive and environmentally sustainable.
T he Indi a n Gove rnm e nt i ncluded Green growth in its vision, where
‘pove rt y e ra di c a t i on’ a nd green growth is the focus point of the
gre e n e c onom y.
 Q11 W ha t i s a gre e n e c onomy?
Answe r–In 1989 T he Gove rnment of the United Kingdom
i nt roduc e d t he ‘Gre e n E c onomy’. As per the UNEP definition the
gre e n e c onom y one t ha t re sults in reducing Environmental risks,
e c ol ogi c a l sc a rc i t i e s, i m proved human well-being, ecological
sc a rc i t i e s, a nd soc i a l e qui ty.

Q12 W ha t a re t he c om ponents of a Green Economy?

Answe r–T he Gre e n E c onomy includes the following components.
∙ R e ne wa bl e E ne rgy
∙ Gre e n B ui l di ng
∙ W a st e Ma na ge m e nt
∙ W a t e r Ma na ge m e nt
∙ L a nd Ma na ge m e nt
∙ W e l l –Ma na ge d t ra nsport a t ion

Q13 W ha t a re Gre e n Jobs?

Answe r–Ma ny c om pa ni e s create jobs to decrease environmental
i ssue s due t o fa c t ori e s or waste management. This company
re qui re d a pe rson t o pre se rve or restore the environment in the
na t ura l wa y t ha t i s Gre e n Jobs.

Q14 W ha t a re t he Gre e n Projects?

Answe r – T o Sa ve t he e nvironment, many organizations are taking
i ni t i a t i ve s. T he y a re i m pl e menting Waste management, Energy
c onse rva t i on, B i o fue l use , Green sanitation, Green Building etc.

Q15 E xpl a i n ‘Afforda bl e a nd Clean Energy’.

• Usi ng sol a r powe r i .e ., power generated using the sun does not
c a use pol l ut i on or doe s not require burning of non-renewable fuels,
suc h a s c oa l .
• Use of bi o ga s i s a l so a n e co-friendly alternative to natural gas.
 UNIT-1:AI PROJECT CYCLE

1. AI proj e c t c yc l e i s a structured method for developing and

de pl oyi ng AI proj e c ts to solve real-world problems.

T rue / Fa l se

2. W hi c h of t he fol l owi ng is not a domain of AI?

(a )C V (b)DS (c )SN (d) NLP
3. Spa m fi l t e r i s a n a pplication of .
(a) Na t ura l L a ngua ge Processing (c)Computer Vision
(b) Da t a Sc i e nc e (d) Segmentation
4. (AI E t hi c s/ AI Ac c e ss) needs to be ensured so that everyone
c an a fford t he be ne fit of AI.
5. Se a rc hi ng for a C he f’s photo in the web browser mostly give
m e n’s i m a ge s. T hi s is an instance of .
(a )AI Ac c e ss (b)AI Bias (c)AI Domain (d)AI Ethics
6. Whi c h of t he fol l owing is not a responsibility of AI
de ve l ope rs?
(a )Use r da t a prot e c t ion (b)Maintaining Dignity of users
(c )C l a ss Se gre ga t i on (d)Maintain price performance ratio
7. C hoose t he fi ve st a ges of AI project cycle incorrect order:

a . E va l ua t i on-> ProblemScoping->DataExploration->Data
Ac qui si t i on -
> Mode l l i ng
b. Probl e m Sc opi ng-> DataExploration->DataAcquisition->
E va l ua t i on-> Mode l l ing
c. Da t a Ac qui si t i on-> ProblemScoping->DataExploration->
Mode l l i ng-> E va l ua t ion
d. Probl e m Sc opi ng-> DataAcquisition->DataExploration->
Mode l l i ng -
> E va l ua t i on
8. Whi c h of a re t he a dvantages of developing an AI Project
C yc l e ?
i. Unde rst a nda bi l i t y
ii. Modul a ri t y
iii. C ost E ffe c t i ve
iv. T im e sa vi ng
(a ) i & i v (b)i i &iii (c)i &ii (d)iii&iv
9. 4W ’s probl e m c a nva s does not consider
(a ) W he n (b) W here (c)Why (d) Who
10. Sum m a ri se s a l l t he ke y points of a problem as a single format.

11. AI syst e m m ust be fe d with ____ Data and it can predict next
l e ve l of da t a c a l l e d ____Data.
12. W hi c h of t he fol l owi ng i s not a correct method of Data
C ol l e c t i on?
(a ) Surve y (b)Pre di ction (c) Observation (d) API
13. Da t a E xpl ora t i on c a n be done through:
(a ) B a r Gra ph (b)Hi st ogram (c)Flowcharts (d)All of these
14. St a t e T rue / Fa l se : Deep Learning is not apart of Rule Based
AI m ode l .
15. T he AI Syst e m de ve lopment takes place in the stage of AI
Proj e c t C yc l e .
16. A Syst e m surve i l l a nce wherein we categorize whether the
syst e m ’s c urre nt st a te can be marked as “Protected,” “Threat”
or “ Vul ne ra bl e ” i s a n example of:
a. C l a ssi fi c a t i on b. Clustering c. Regression d.
Di m e nsi ona l i t y R e duction
17. W hi c h of t he fol l owing is a problem of Learning based AI
a pproa c h?
(a ) Adj ust i ng (b)L i mited data (c)Slower Outcome
(d) Ina c c ura t e
18. Ide nt i fy t he da t a m odelling technique.

a )R e gre ssi on b)C lassification

c )C l ust e ri ng d)Dimensionality reduction
Q19 a nd 20 a re ASSERTION AND REASONING based
que st i ons.
Ma rk t he c orre c t c hoice as
(a) B ot h A a nd R a re t rue and R is the correct explanation for A
(b) B ot h A a nd R a re t rue and R is not the correct explanation for
A
(c) A i s T rue but R i s False
(d) A i s fa l se but R i s T rue
19. Asse rt i on: R ul e ba se d AI model is a static model.
R e a soni ng: R ul e ba sed model can evolve over changing
da t a se t .
20. Asse rt i on: Di m e nsi on Reduction is used in higher dimension
probl e m s. R e a soni ng: Reducing dimension of a problem
c a use s huge da t a l oss.

15que st i onsof2m a rkse a c h(15x2=30)

21 W ri t e down som e a pplications of AI in daily life.
22 How shoul d AI syst em maintain privacy of user data?
23 St a t e t he re qui re m e nt of NLP. Give example.
24. W hy i s e t hi c s i m portant while developing AI application?
Just i fy your a nswe r.
25. How c a n bi a sne ss i nfluences AI systems? Give suitable
e xa m pl e .
 26. Wha t do you m e a n by AI project cycle? State its advantages.
27. Na m e t he st a ge s of AI project cycle.
28. E xpl a i nt he c onc e pt of4W’sproblemcanvas.
29. Suni t a ne e ds t o c ol l ect data for her AI project. Please suggest
he r a ny 4 m e t hods of Data Acquisition.
30. Di st i ngui sh be t we e n Training data and Testing data.
31. R a vi ne e d st ore pre sent data. State any two data visualization
t e c hni que s duri ng data exploration.
32. Di ffe re nt i a t e be t we e n Supervised and Unsupervised Learning.
33. How R e i nforc e m e nt Learning implemented?
34. Wri t e down t he i m portance of Evaluation in AI project cycle.
35. Na m e a ny t wo m e t hods of AI project evaluation.

5que st i ons of4 mark each(5x4 =20)

36. De fi ne AI, ML a nd DL.Also state the relation among them.
37. Wha t do you m e a n by Data Science and Computer Vision.
Gi ve sui t a bl e e xa m ples for each.
38. Di st i ngui sh be t we e n Rule based AI and Learning based AI.
39. E xpl a i n t he c onc e pt of Regression and Classification. Give
e xa m pl e s for e a c h.
40. How c l ust e ri ng i s di fferent from classification? When is
di m e nsi ona l i t y re duction useful?

1.Tru 2.c 3.a 4.AI Access 5.b

e
6.c 7.d 8.c 9.a 10.Problem Statement
Template
11.T r 12.b 13.d 14.True 15.Data Modelling
aini ng
,
Test i n
g
16.a 17.c 18.a 19.c 20.b

ANSWE RS OF 2MARKS QUESTIONS

21. a) AI c a n re c om m e nd products or services based on the browsing
hi st ory, pa st purc hases, and preferences of the users.
b) AI c a n provi de pe rsonalized experience, assessment, and
fe e dba c k.
c) AI use r fa c e re c ognition system for protecting devices and
da t a .
d) AI a na l yse s va st a mounts of medical data, assist doctors in
di a gnosi ng di se a se s and recommend personalized treatment
pl a ns.
22. a) R e st ri c t da t a c ol l e c t i on to what is strictly necessary.
b) Se c ure da t a by i de nt ifying risk, stop misuse or leakage of data
wi th e nc rypt i on a nd password protection.
c) T a ke pe rm i ssi on from user while collecting their personal
i nform a t i on a nd c l e arly state their usage. Provide control to
use r ove r t he i r i ndi vi dual information.
23. NL P he l ps c om put e rs understand, interpret and manipulate
hum a n l a ngua ge . T he objective of NLP is to read/listens,
de c i phe r, unde rst a nd, and make sense of the human languages
or produc i ng hum a n l anguage from textual data.
e .g.–Spa m fi l t e ri ng, Smart Assistants, Text-to-Speech converter
etc.
24. T he AI Syst e m m ust abide by social ethics like maintaining
hum a n ri ght s, fre e dom, emotions, dignity, privacy, and safety.
AI m ust c onsi de r t he well- being of mankind.
25. If bi a s i s pre se nt i n the data and algorithm provided to the AI
syst e m , i t produc e s biased results that reflects human biases
wi thi n a soc i e t y, including historical and current social
i ne qua l i t y.
e .g.–Se a rc hi ng i m a ge of Nurse gives images of Female Nurses
m ost l y.
26. AI proj e c t c yc l e i s a structured method for developing and
de pl oyi ng AI proj e c t s to solve real-world problems.

Adva nt a ge s:
a) Im prove suc c e ss ra t e and quality of result
b) R e duc e ri sks duri ng development
c) Incre a se s E ffi c i e nc y and productivity
d) Modul a r a pproa c h e a ses understandability and development
27. Probl e m Sc opi ng= > DataAcquisition=>DataExploration=> Data
Mode l l i ng = > E va l ua tion
28. 4W Probl e m C a nva s is a Problem Scoping framework prepared
t o unde rst a nd sc ope of the project and prepare Problem
St at e m e nt T e m pl a t e . It has 4 components – who, what, where,
why

 W ho a re t he st a ke holders facing the problem and need

sol ut i on?
 W ha t i s t he na t ure of the problem and its severity?
 W he re i s t he L oc a t i on, Context, Situation and Frequency of the
probl e m ?
W hy i s t he probl e m oc c urring?
29 Surve ys, W e b Sc ra pi ng, Interviews, Observations, APIs (Any
t wo)
30 T ra i ni ngDa t a TestingData
i .Use d t o t ra i n t he m a c hine i.Used to test performance
l e a rni ng m ode l of a trained model
ii. Input t o t he system ii.Outcome from a system
i i i . L a rge r da t a se t for better iii. Smaller data set obtained
knowl e dge a nd a c c uracy after evaluation
31 L i ne gra ph, B a rgra ph, Are agraph, Piechart, Histogram, Scatterplots,
Fl owc ha rt (Any T wo)
32 Supe rvi se dL e a rni ng UnsupervisedLearning
i. Use sKnowna ndL a belled i. UsesUnknownDataas
Da t a a s i nput input
ii. L e ss C om putational ii. More Computational
C om pl e xi t y Complex
i i i . Use soff-l i ne a na l ysis iii. UsesReal-TimeAnalysis
of Data
i v. Ac c ura t e a nd R eliable iv. ModerateAccurateand
R e sul t s ReliableResults
v. T ra i ni ng da t a and v. Training data and testi ng
t e st i ngda t a i s data is not given
gi ve n
vi . Not possi bl e t ol e a rnlarger vi. It is possible to learn
a nd m ore c om pl e x models larger and more complex
models
vi i . C a nt e st t he m ode l vii. Cannottestthemodel
33.
R e i nforc e m e nt L e a rning uses a trial-and-error learning method
whi c h i s i m pl e m e nt e d by collecting feedback. It uses Reward-
Puni shm e nt pa ra di gm .

34.  E va l ua t i one nsure st ha tthemodelisoperatingcorrectlyandoptimally

.
 It de t e rm i ne swhe t he re fficiencyandperformanceofthemodelisacce
pt a bl e or ne e ds t o i m prove.
35. Ac c ura c y,Pre c i si on,Recall,F1Score(Any two)
 4Marks Questions
36.  AI e na bl e s m a c hines to mimic human intelligence for
de c i si on m a ki ng a nd problem solving.
 ML i m i t a t e s t he human skills of learning, performing the task
a nd i m provi ng i t s accuracy over time. It may need human
i nt e rve nt i on.
 DL use s m ul t i -l ayered neural networks to simulate the
c om pl e x de c i si on-making power of the human brain by using
l a rge da t a se t s. It does not need human intervention.
AI>ML>DL
37. Da t a Sc i e nc e a l l owst hesystemtocollectnumerousdata,maintains
da t a se t s a nd de ri ves meaning or sense out of them.
e .g.-Pri c e C om pa ri sonWebsiteslikePriceGrabber,PriceRunner

C om put e r Vi si on e nables a machine to get and analyse visual

i nform a t i on from images, videos etc. and predicts or decides.
e .g.–Se l fdri vi ngc a rs,Facelock

38. R ul e ba se d AI Learning based AI

i. St a t i c m ode l i. Dynamic model
i i . L a c ks Ada pt a bi l i ty -Does ii. Adaptable - Evolves
not i nc orpora t e changes according to changing data
i n da t a
i i i . Ma y ha ve bi a s or iii. Can overcome complex
a m bi gui t y situations by learning
i v. E a sy t o i m pl e m ent iv. Difficult to implement
v. De ve l opm e nt t i me is v. Development is
l e ss time taking
vi . C he a pe r vi. Expensive
39.
 R e gre ssi on – R e gression is a Supervised Learning model that
pre di c t s ba se d on the continuous labelled data sets.
e .g.–Pre di c t i ng future score, price, salary, age etc

 C l a ssi fi c a t i on – Classification is a Supervised Learning

m ode l t ha t a c c e pt s discrete data sets and divides them into
di ffe re nt c l a sse s based on some parameters.

e .g.–Fi l t e ri ng B oys/Girls, Healthy/Sick, Marking Spam

emails etc.
40. C l a ssification Clustering
i . Supe rvi se d L e arning i. Unsupervised Learning
Mode l model
i i . L a be l l e d Da t a se t s ii. Unlabelled Datasets
i i i . Group i nst a nc e s as iii. Group instances as
pe r l a be l s per similarity of
data
i v. Ve ri fy m ode l with iv. No need of Training and
T ra i ni ng a nd T e st ing Data Testing Data

v. Not fl e xi bl e – No. v. Flexible–No. of classes

of c l a sse s a re fi xe d. depends on variety of data
vi . C om pl e x a s m a ny levels of vi. Simple as only grouping is
c l a ssi fi c a t i on pha se done.
 UNIT-2: DATA LITERACY

Sno. 1Ma rkQue st i ons

1. W ha t i s t he m e a ni ng of Data?
a) Inform a t i on
b) Arra nge d fi gure s
c) R a w fa c t s
d) Proc e sse d i nform a t i on
2. W hi c h i s t he hi ghe st form of data as per the Data Pyrami d?
a )Da t a b)W i sdom c )Information d)Knowledge
3. Downl oa di ng a n unverified mobile application leads to the
i ssue of:
a )Da t a pri va c y b)Data Literacy c)Both d)None
4. Da t a se c uri t y i s t he practice of protecting digital information
from :
a) Un a ut hori z e d a c c e ss
b) c orrupt i on
c) t he ft
d)a l l of t he a bove
5. Wha t i s not a good practice for cybersecurity?
a) Ac t i va t e T wo Fa c t or Authentication
b) Se ndi ng pi c t ure s t o strangers or post them on social media.
c) Downl oa d soft ware from trusted source
d)pri ori t i z e we bsi t e swithhttps://forsecurelogins
6. T he fra m e work whi c h provides guidance on using data
e ffi c i e nt l y a nd wi t h all levels of awareness.
a) Da t a se c urity framework b) Data literacy framework
c ) Da t a Privacy framework d)Data acquisition
fra m e work
7. He i ght , we i ght , t e m perature, voltage are examples of:
a) Di sc re t e da t a
b ) C ont i nuous da t a
c ) None
d ) B ot h
8. Whi c h dom a i n m a ke s the use of Numeric data like tables, excel
she e t s e t c .
a) NL P
b) C om put e r Vi si on
c) Da t a Sc i e nc e
d) Al l
9. Addi ng m ore da t a t o the existing data by slight change of
e xi st i ng da t a i s c a l l ed as:
a) Da t a di sc ove ry
b) Da t a Augm e nt a t i on
c) Da t a Ge ne ra t i on
d) None
10. T he proc e ss of c ol l e cting data from websites is called
a) We b sc re e ni ng
b) We b sc ra pi ng
c)We b browsi ng
d) We b surfi ng
11. Ana l yz i ng da t a t o a rrive at meaningful decisions is termed as
a) Da t a Proc e ssi ng
b) Da t a L i t e ra c y
c)Da t a pri va c y
d) Da t a Int e rpre t a t i on
12. Pi e c ha rt s, B a r graphs, Line graphs are examples of
a) T e xt ua l Da t a Interpretation
b) Gra phi c a l Da t a Interpretation
c)T a bul a r Da t a Interpretation
d) None
13. W ha t i s not t he advantage of Data interpretation
a) Inform e d de c i si on making
b) R e duc e d c ost
c)Ide nt i fi c a t i on of needs
d) R e c ord ke e pi ng
14. Na m e som e gra phs which can be used as a tool for Data
vi sua l i z a t i on?
15. Na m e t he m i ssi ng element?

16. Me a suri ng t e m perature is qualitative or quantitative?

17. Na m e t he fol l owing chart prepared using Tableau software?

a) B a r c ha rt
b) Pi e c ha rt
c) Hi st ogra m
d) Pa c ke d B ubble chart
18. Out of a ) a nd b)which is considered as accurate data?

b)
19. Qua nt i t a t i ve da t a is numerical in nature. State True or
Fa l se .
20. T a bl e a u soft wa re is tool for
a) Da t a Ac qui si t i on
b) Da t a E xpl ora t i on
c) Da t a Vi sualization
d) d)None

S.No 2Ma rkque st i ons

1. W ha t i s Da t a L i teracy?
2. W ho i s a Da t a L iterate?
3. W ha t i s Da t a Privacy?
4. W ha t i s Da t a se curity?
5. Na m e t he st a ge s of Data Literacy Process Framework.
6. W ri t e a ny t wo best practices which can be adopted for
c ybe rse c uri t y.
7. Di ffe re nt i a t e be tween discrete data and continuous data
wi t h e xa m pl e s.
8. Di ffe re nt i a t e be t weenqualitativeandquantitativeDataInterpre
t a t i on.
9. E xpl a i n t he t e rm Data Discovery.
10. E xpl a i n t he t e rm Data Augmentation.
11. E xpl a i n t he t e rm sample Data Generation.
12. Di ffe re nt i a t e be tween independent and dependent features
of da t a .
13. E xpl a i n t he t e rm Data processing and Data Interpretation.
14. W ha t a re t he fe a tures of Good Data?
15. Na m e som e di fferent types of charts which can be used for
Gra phi c a l Da t a Interpretation.
S.n. 4m a rkque st i ons
1. E xpl a i n t he t ype s of Data?
2. E xpl a i n t he process of Data Acquisition.
3. E xpl a i n t he di fferent features of data.
4. E xpl a i n t he t ype s of Data Interpretation.
5. E xpl a i n a bout a ny one Data Visualization tool and how it
a i ds i n a na l ysi s of data.
 Answe rsofQue st i onB a nk
Sno. Answe rsof1m a rkquestions
1. R a wfa c t s
2. W i sdom
3. Da t a Pri va c y
4. Al l oft he a bove
5. Se ndi ng pi c t ure s t o strangers or post them on social media.
6. Da t a L i t e ra c y fra m ework
7. C ont i nuous da t a
8. Da t a Sc i e nc e
9. Da t a Augm e nt a t i on
10. W e b sc ra pi ng
11. Da t a Int e rpre t a t i on
12. Gra phi c a l Da t a Int e rpretation1
13. R e c ordke e pi ng
14. B a rgra ph, L i ne gra ph, Histogram, Piechartetc
15. Int e rpre t
16. Qua nt i t a t i ve
17. Pa c ke d B ubbl e C ha rt
18. (b)
19. T rue
20. Da t a Vi sua l i z a t i on

S.No. Answe rsof2m a rksquestions

1. Da t a l i t e ra c y m e a ns knowing how to understand, work with,
a nd t a l ks a bout da t a. It's about being able to collect, analyze,
a nd show da t a i n ways that make sense. Data literacy is the
a bi l i t y t o unde rst a nd, interpret and
c om m uni c a t e wi t h data.
2. Da t a L i t e ra t e i s a person who can interact with data to
unde rst a nd t he world around them. E.g. if a person needs to
buy a produc t onl i ne, he/she will look for specific features as
pe r hi s/ he r re qui re ment, make use of price
fi l t e rs a nd l ook for user ratings and review with respect to that
produc t .
3. Da t a pri va c y re fe rred to as information privacy is concerned
wi t h t he prope r ha ndling of sensitive data including personal
da t a a nd ot he r c onfidential data, such as certain financial data
a nd i nt e l l e c t ua l property data, to meet regulatory requirements
a s we l l a s prot e c t i ng the confidentiality and immutability of
t he da t a . E .g. a gre e to terms and conditions without reading,
whi l e downl oa di ng an app in the mobile may
l e a ds t o da t a pri va cy issue.
4. Da t a se c uri t y i s t he practice of protecting digital information
from una ut hori z e d access, corruption, or theft throughout its
e nt i re l i fe c yc l e . Due to cyber-attacks and fast technological
c ha nge s, da t a se c urity became very important concern.
5.

6. a) Use st rong, uni que passwords with a mix of characters for

e a c h a c c ount .
b) Ac t i va t e T wo-Fa c t or Authentication(2FA) for added security.
c) Downl oa ds of soft ware from trusted sources and scan files
be fore ope ni ng.
d) Pri ori t i z e we bsi t e s with "https://"for secure logins.
7. C ont i nuous da t a i s numeric data that is continuous. E.g.,
he i ght , we i ght , t e m perature, voltage
Di sc re t e da t a i s numeric data that contains only whole
num be rs a nd c a nnot be fractional E.g. the number of students
i n t he c l a ss – i t c a n only be a whole number, not in decimals
8. Qua l i t a t i ve Da t a Quantitative Data
Int e rpre t a t i on Interpretation
1. C a t e gori c a l 1. Numerical
2. Provi de s i nsi ght s i nto 2. Provides insights in to
fe e l i ngs a nd e m ot i ons quantity
3. Answe r show a nd why
3. Answers when, how
4. Me t hods – Int e rvi e ws, Focus many or how often
Groups 4. Methods – Assessment,
5. E xa m pl e que st i on – Why do Tests, Polls, Surveys
st ude nt s l i ke a t t e nding 5. Example question –
onl i ne c l a sse s? How many students like
attending online
classes?
9. Da t a di sc ove ry-It refers to searching of a new database e.g.
for m a ki ng a
C V m ode l for se l f-driving cars, collection of pictures of roads
a nd obj e c t s on roa ds etc. is called as Data discovery.
10. Da t a Augm e nt a t i on-It means increasing the amount of data by
a ddi ng
c ope s of e xi st i ng data with small changes’. adding parameters
l i ke c ol or a nd bri ghtness to the existing image.
11. Da t a Ge ne ra t i on-It re fe rs to generating or recording data using
se nsors. E .g. re c ordi ng temperature of a building is an example of
Da t a ge ne ra t i on.
12. Inde pe nde nt fe a t ure s a re the input to the model which consists of
t he i nform a t i on we provide to make predictions.
De pe nde nt fe a t ure s a re the outputs or results of the model that we
a re t ryi ng t o pre di c t .

e .g. In a googl e m a p a pplication, we input current location a nd

de st i na t i on l oc a t i on a nd in turns application shows us the route,
di st a nc e a nd t i m e t o be taken on the basis of destination and
c urre nt l oc a t i on e nt e re d.
He re c urre nt l oc a t i on, destination location are independent
fe a t ure s gi ve n a s i nput to the application
And rout e t o t he de stination, distance to the destination and
t i m e t a ke n wi l l be dependent features which we want through
t he a ppl i c a t i on.
13. Da t a proc e ssi ng: Data processing helps computers understand
ra w da t a . It use s c omputers to perform different operations on
da t a .
Da t a Int e rpre t a t i on: It is the process of making sense out of
da t a t ha t ha s be e n processed. The interpretation of data helps
us a nswe r c ri t i c a l questions using data.
14. Good Da t a i s a c c urate, consistent, well-structured and cleanly
pre se nt e d a nd c ont ains information which is relevant to our
re qui re m e nt .
15. Fol l owi ng t ype s of graphs are used for Graphical Data
Int e rpre t a t i on. B a r Graph: data is represented using vert ical
a nd hori z ont a l ba rs.
Pi e C ha rt s: It ha s t he shape of a pie and each slice of the pie
re pre se nt s t he port ion of the entire pie allocated to each
c a t e gory.
L i ne Gra phs: It i s created by connecting various data points. It
shows t he c ha nge i n quantity over time.