ANIMAL SCIENCES

Corp. Office: Aakash Educational Services Limited, 3rd Floor, Incuspaze Campus- 2, Plot no. 13,
Sector- 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurugram, Haryana - 122018

ANIMAL SCIENCES
SECTION-A
1. (1 point) A baby born to a diabetic mother sometimes shows signs of hypoglycemia for some period just after
birth. This is due to:

a. continued maternal insulin activity.

b. utilization of sugar from baby's blood for its activities after birth.

c. increased fetal insulin level to counter excess sugar from mother.

d. reduced production of maternal insulin as a result of diabetes.

2. (1 point) Oxygen dissociation curves of toadfish blood at two different conditions (P & Q) are shown.

P and Q respectively indicate:

a. high and low temperature.

b. low and high blood pH.

c. low and high CO2 concentration.

d. high and low metabolic activity.

3. (1 point) Values of the total surface area of the gills (expressed in arbitrary units) per unit gram body weight of
two types of fish are given below.

Fish I: 442

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Fish II: 1725

Which of the following can be predicted from the data?

a. Fish I is marine while II is a fresh water fish.

b. Fish I is a bottom dwelling fish and II is a surface dwelling fish.

c. Fish I is bony fish and II is a cartilagenous fish.

d. Fish I is with small body mass and fish II is with large body mass.

4. (1 point) Carbonic anhydrase enzyme catalyses the following bidirectional reaction

If the activity of this enzyme is compared between three animals - elephant, sheep and mouse, the likely trend
would be:

a. Mouse > sheep > elephant

b. elephant > mouse > sheep

c. sheep > mouse > elephant

d. elephant > sheep > mouse

5. (1 point) The three characteristic features of human circulatory system are tabulated below. P, Q and R
respectively represent:

a. blood pressure, blood volume, blood velocity

b. blood volume, blood pressure, blood velocity

c. blood volume, blood velocity, blood pressure

d. blood velocity, blood pressure, blood volume

6. (1 point) Transverse section of a mature female Ascaris lumbricoides is shown. The labeled structures P, Q and
R respectively represent:

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a. blood vessel, pseudocoel and dorsal nerve

b. uterus, coelom and dorsal nerve

c. blood vessel, coelom and germinal epithelium

d. uterus, pseudocoelom and ventral nerve

7. (1 point) The circulatory system shown below represents:

a. a bird. b. an amphibian.

c. a mammal. d. a fish.

8. (1 point) Consider three different types of mammalian skeletal muscles:

(i) Ocular muscle

(ii) Soleus muscle (involved in continual support of body against gravity)

(iii) Gastrocnemius muscle (involved in velocity of limb movements)

Muscle contraction properties of these muscles are depicted in the graph.

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ANIMAL SCIENCES

The muscles represented by X, Y and Z are:

a. X:(i) Y:(ii) Z:(iii) b. X:(ii) Y:(i) Z:(iii)

c. X:(iii) Y:(ii) Z:(i) d. X:(i) Y:(iii) Z:(ii)

9. (1 point) In reptiles such as lizards and turtles, the solute concentration of urine is never greater than that of
plasma. This is due to the absence of:

a. glomerulus.

b. Bowman’s capsule.

c. loop of Henle.

d. collecting duct.

10. (1 point) The rate of metabolism of an animal is depicted in the graph. The animal is most likely:

a. a fish. b. a terrestrial reptile.

c. a dolphin. d. a mouse.

11. (1 point) Hemoglobin molecule binds to oxygen and transports it across various tissues in animals. It shows a
characteristic binding pattern at various partial pressures of oxygen. The three graphs P, Q and R in the figure
represent binding patterns in:

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a. P: individual adapted to sea level

Q: anemic individual

R: individual adapted to high altitudes

b. P: maternal hemoglobin

Q: fetal hemoglobin

R: anemic individual

c. P: individual adapted to high altitudes

Q: individual adapted to sea level

R: anemic individual

d. P: anemic individual

Q: maternal hemoglobin

R: fetal hemoglobin

12. (1 point) Effect of some compounds (present in partially digested food) on pancreatic secretion is depicted in the
bar graph. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 represent:

a. 1. Acid 2. Fat 3. Salt

b. 1. Salt 2. Peptone 3. Fat

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ANIMAL SCIENCES
c. 1. Acid 2. Fat 3. Peptone

d. 1. Pepsin 2. Acid 3. Fat

13. (1 point) An osteoclast is a type of bone cell that absorbs bone tissue by removing its mineralized matrix and
breaking up the organic bone. This process is known as bone resorption. These osteoclasts are derived from:

a. Monocytes-macrophage cells.

b. Mesenchymal cells.

c. Osteogenic cells.

d. Fibroblast cells.

SECTION-B
14. (3 points) Sustained aerobic activity is performed by slow twitch muscle fibres

(A) while fast-twitch muscle fibres

(B) generate maximum tension quickly and also fatigue quickly.

Choose from the descriptions (I – VI) and assign them to A and B.

I. rich in oxygen binding molecules

II. legs and arm muscles of weight lifters

III. rich in blood vessels

IV. Postural Muscles

V. built up of excess lactic acid

VI. anaerobic process

A: ___________

B: ___________

15. (2 points) A seal is allowed to dive and remain in water for 10 mins and is brought to the surface. Levels of various
constituents in the blood are recorded during this activity. The lines P, Q and R respectively indicate:

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ANIMAL SCIENCES

a. CO2, O2 and lactic acid concentrations

b. O2, CO2 and lactic acid concentrations

c. O2, lactic acid concentrations and CO2

d. CO2, O2 and H2CO3 concentrations

Choose from the options and put a tick mark (√) in the appropriate box.

16. (2.5 points) A few life forms and the concentration of the environment relative to body fluids are listed in column I
and II of the table respectively.

Column I Column II

A. Freshwater fishes (i) Iso-osmotic

B. Saltwater fishes (ii) Hyperosmotic

C. Sharks (iii) Hypo-osmotic

D. Amphibians

E. Marine mammals
Assign the correct environment (from Column II) to the animals A – E.

A: _____

B: _____

C: _____

D: _____

E: _____

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ANIMAL SCIENCES
17. (8 points) Consider a 70 kg man whose initial plasma osmolarity is 280 mOsm/lt. Assume extracellular fluid (ECF)
to be 20 % of the body weight and intracellular fluid (ICF) volume to be 40% of the body weight.

(A) Fill in the table:

Initial condition Volume (lt) Concentration (mOsm/lt) Total (mOsm)

ECF 280

ICF 280

Total body fluid 280

(B) This man is injected with 2 lt of 1.5% NaCl solution (infused into ECF compartment)

Assuming that no solute or water is lost from the body and there is no movement of NaCl into or out of the
cells, what will be the concentration of solutes in ECF (mOsm/lt) immediately after infusion?

Molecular Weight of NaCl: 58.5

Answer: _________(mOsm/lt)

(C) What will be the net qualitative effect of this infusion after osmotic equilibrium?

Indicate as true (T) or false (F).

Net Qualitative Effect True/False

18. (2 points) When a person drinks excess quantity of water, it affects variousparameters. The effects are depicted
in four graphs (A – D). Assign the correctparameter to each graph by choosing from the options below.

A. B.

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C. D.

Options:

I. Plasma osmolarity

II. Osmolarity of urine

III. Urine flow rate

IV. Plasma anti-diuretic hormone level

Answers:

Graph A: ____

Graph B: ____

Graph C: ____

Graph D: ____

19. (2 points) High levels of blood glucose can cause several physiological changes in the body. Which of the following
will occur as a result of this condition? Fill in the table with tick marks (✔) in the appropriate places.

Description Yes No

a. Cellular dehydration

b. Decreased extracellular osmotic pressure

c. Increased renal glucose reabsorption

d. Polyuria (excessive urine output)

20. (2 points) Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder in which one or more enzymes needed for
the synthesis of cortisol are absent. For an individual affected with this disorder, indicate whether each statement
given in the table is true or false. Fill in the table with tick marks (✔) in the appropriate places.

Statements True False

1. Secretion of ACTH from anterior pituitary gland will be high.

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ANIMAL SCIENCES
3. Secretion of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone from hypothalamus
will be low.
4. Precursors for Cortical hormone synthesis will accumulate and may
be secreted from adrenal gland.

21. (4 points) In some organisms, the cells are in direct contact with the surroundings. However in several multicellular
organisms, cells are not in direct contact with surroundings and hence require some medium for the exchange of
nutrients, metabolic waste and respiratory gases. A few animals are listed below. Choose the appropriate medium
of circulation and transport and fill the number against each animal.

a. Sponge

b. Hydra

c. Octopus

d. Planarian

e. Round worm

f. Bony fish

g. Prawn

h. Earthworm

Options:

1. Water surrounding the body

2. Body fluids without respiratory pigments

3. Haemolymph

4. Blood

22. (2.5 points) A few types of locomotory actions are listed in column A. Choose from the options and fill in the table
with the number of the appropriate animal.

No. A B

1. Ciliary locomotion
2. Looping movements

3. Alternate movements of multiple limbs

4. Alternate contraction circular and longitudinal muscles in the body

Options:

I. Earthworm II. Nereis

III. Crab IV. Planarian

V. Amoeba VI. Leech

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