Report On Priority Scheduling Algorithm With Example

A data communication and computer networks has been growing with rapid technological
progress. Computer communication through networking becomes essential part of our life.
By considering importance of networking in day today life. it is essential for students to
know the basic concept of networks like network classification. network topologies. network
devices. This course deal with the important concepts and techniques related to data
communication and enable students to have an insight in to technology involved to make the
network communication possible.

2. Course Outcome (CO) –

a. Analyse the functioning of data communication and computer network

3. Literature Review: -

A data communication and computer networks has been growing with rapid technological
progress. Computer communication through networking becomes essential part of our life.
By considering importance of networking in day today life. it is essential for students to
know the basic concept of networks like network classification. network topologies. network
devices. This course deal with the important concepts and techniques related to data
communication and enable students to have an insight in to technology involved to make the
network communication possible.

4. Actual Methodology Followed: -

1. First we made group of 3 members and discussed about the topic assigned to us.
2. We collected information.
3. Took guidance from our guide.
4. Then we will start to create the project for topic.
5. At first, we will arrange this information as per instructions.
6. Then we will prepare a report on the topic.
7. We will present it to our guide and ask her for the queries.
8. We will make changes as per the guidance.
9. Will make our final project.
10. Submit it to our guide.
 5. Resources Required: -
Name of
Sr. no Specification Quantity Remark
Resources
Processor: - Intel core i5,
RAM: - 8 GB It is used to perform some
Computer
1) Operating System: - Ubuntu project related task.
System 1

It is used to gather
2) Software MS Word 1
information together.

6. Output of Project:

Client and Server model:

A client and server networking model is a model in which computers such as servers provide
the network services to the other computers such as clients to perform a user based tasks.

Client:
A client is a program that runs on the local machine requesting service from the server. A
client program is a finite program means that the service started by the user and terminates
when the service is completed.

Server:
A server is a program that runs on the remote machine providing services to the clients. When
the client requests for a service, then the server opens the door for the incoming requests, but
it never initiates the service.
A server program is an infinite program means that when it starts, it runs infinitely unless the
problem arises. The server waits for the incoming requests from the clients. When the request
arrives at the server, then it responds to the request.

Fig: Client-Server Network Architecture

Client Server Communication Process:
The client and the server are the first two evident participants in client server communication.
In this architecture, all computers have their dedicated roles. A server stores and provides
data. An intermediate device authenticates access requests, processes data, and applies
business logic. A client requests data or service from the server and presents the received data
or the service to the user. A computer is not allowed to perform a task that is not assigned to
it. Requests: Requests are sent from the client to the server to inform it of events, such as a
user wishing to log in using his credentials or to ask the server for data, such as files.
Response: A server’s response to a client request is sent to the client as a message. This
might, for instance, be the outcome of an authentication.
Service: a particular task the server makes available to the client for use, such as
downloading an image.

Characteristics of Client-Server Architecture

• Client and server machines typically require different hardware and software resources
and come from other vendors.
• The network has horizontal scalability, which increases the number of client machines and
vertical scalability, an then moves the entire process to more powerful servers or a
multiserver configuration.
• One computer server can provide multiple services simultaneously, although each service
requires a separate server program.
• Both client and server applications interact directly with a transport layer protocol. This
process establishes communication and enables the entities to send and receive
information.  Both the client and server computers need a complete stack of protocols.
The transport protocol employs lower-layer protocols to send and receive individual
messages.
Types of the Client-Server Architecture:
Tier-1 client-server architecture:
In this type, the entire application is installed on a system. Since all components of the
application are available on the same system, they can access each other without going
outside the system.
 Fig. Tier-1 Client-server architecture

Tier-2 Client-Server Architecture:

In this type, the application is installed on two or more computers. The components that store
and process data are installed on the server system and the components that present the data
are installed on the client system. There can be more than one server and clients in the
network.

Fig. Tire-2 Client-Server Architecture

Tier-3 client-server architecture:

This architecture is similar to the Tire-2 architecture except in this architecture the
components that process the data are installed on separate computers. Computers that process
data sit between the client computers and server computers. All-access requests from the
client computer reach the server computer through the intermediate computer that processes
the data.

Fig

: Tire-3 client-server architecture

Tier-N Client-Server Architecture:

This architecture is similar to the Tire-3 client-server architecture except in this architecture
the components that process the data are installed in a sequence on multiple computers. The
intermediate computer that is directly connected to the client computer receives data access
requests from the client computer and passes them to the next computer in the sequence. The
next computer passes them to the next computer in the sequence. The last computer in the
sequence passes them to the server computer.

Fig: Tire-N Client-Server Architecture

Examples of client-server architecture based applications:

• Email servers: Thanks to ease and speed, e-mail has supplanted traditional postal mail as
the primary form of corporate communication. E-mail servers, aided by various brands of
dedicated software, send and receive e-mails between parties.

• File servers: If you store files on cloud-based services such as Google Docs or Microsoft
Office, you're using a file server. File servers are centralized locations for file storage and
are accessed by many clients.

• Web servers: These high-performance servers host many different websites, and clients
access them through the Internet. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:
• The client/user uses their web browser to enter the URL they want
• The browser asks the Domain Name System (DNS) for an IP address
• The DNS server finds the desired server’s IP address and sends it to the web browser
• The browser creates either an HTTPS or HTTP request
• The server/producer sends the user the correct files
• The client/user receives the files sent by the server, and the process is repeated as needed.

Advantages of Client-Server model:

• Centralized system with all data in a single place.

• Cost efficient requires less maintenance cost and Data recovery is possible.  The
capacity of the Client and Servers can be changed separately.

Disadvantages of Client-Server model:

• Clients are prone to viruses, Trojans and worms if present in the Server or uploaded into
the Server.
• Server are prone to Denial of Service (DOS) attacks.
• Data packets may be spoofed or modified during transmission.
7. Skill Developed / Learning Outcome: -
1. From this project we increased our communication skill.
2. The important thing which we learnt is “Time Management” which is needed now a day.
3. Listening, critical & logical thinking& leadership qualities are increased.

8. Benefits: -
1.Data is centralized.
2.Low-cost maintenance.
3.Easy to manage.
4.Better security.
5.Improved scalability.

9. Future Improvement: -
The client-server model will continue to evolve with advancements in edge computing and
serverless technologies. These advancements will enable even more efficient content
delivery, making the client-server model even more integral to the operation of CDNs.

10. Conclusion: -
The Client-server architecture helps us to communicate data with other computers, and
devices, organizations. A networking model includes client-server architecture that enables
multi-user updates via a graphical user interface to a shared database. Large and small
businesses leverage networking to grow and digitize their operations, advertise their goods,
and better understand news and events specific to their sectors.

11. References: -
1. https://www.javatpoint.com
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org
3. https://www.redswitches.com
4. https://www.scaler.com