Water irrigation is used for watering the rice fields to get the right and ideal

viscosity of the mud for the rice to yield good. We utilize the used of water Irrigation by

using it as our primary source of drive force to make for power, by the flow of the water,

it hits the paddle making our paddled wheel to rotate that is connected to our generator

which is an induction motor that produces an alternating current which then, the

produces AC output from the generator will go to the rectifier where the AC voltage will

be converted to become an DC voltage as the final output of our mini-hydroelectric

system. In summary, the force produced by the flow of the water that makes our

paddled wheel turn which is connected to the generator directly. Rotating generator

produces AC voltage which is connected to rectifier where it is converted to AC to DC

having the final output of DC voltage.

This study was conducted in Rosario, Agusan Del Sur. The respondents will be
interviewed in their houses or any comfortable place that the respondent chooses. The
researcher respondent residing Rosario, Agusan Del Sur. This respondent will be
implemented because it will give the researchers the need information for the people
who are using the water irrigation system.

The researcher utilized the experimental and observational method in gathering

information and explanation to focus on testing and concentrating on the Water Wheel

Power Generator regarding its power generation. The whole process focuses on the

experimental method in which researchers test the capacity of the electric fan motor to

generate power to produce enough electricity. The quantitative information that the

researchers collect for this study is the total energy produced by the water wheel. To get
this data, the researchers are developing a prototype that uses a specific electric fan

motor and a continuous flow of water. The researchers utilized a multi-tester to evaluate

the voltage and documented the data they collected throughout the experiment. Instead

of an undershot-type water wheel, the researchers used an overshot-type water wheel

for the prototype to simply evaluate the study. In accordance with the evolution of the

study undertaken to construct the research study, the researchers carried out research

and concept exploration. Relevant information was gathered from relevant prior

research, journals, and other reference sources in accordance with the goals and

objectives of the study. Numerous academic and commercial websites provided the

majority of references and study resources.

To gather the data needed, the researcher will first give a permission letter and ask for
permits to the Sector, Barangay Council, and to NIA. Then we will Measure water flow
rates at various points along the irrigation channels or rivers throughout the year.
Conduct a topographical survey of the selected site to map terrain features, elevation
changes, and potential obstacles. Research and select appropriate mini-hydroelectric
equipment capable of generating 12 volts DC voltage, then Consider factors such as
paddle, motor specifications, control systems, and voltage regulation mechanisms.
Develop detailed engineering plans for the installation of the mini-hydroelectric system.
Collect data on power output, efficiency, water flow, and environmental impacts over
time. Maintain detailed records of all project activities, including data collection, permits,
contracts, and correspondence.

Implementing a mini-hydroelectric system in water irrigation to supply DC voltage raises

several ethical considerations that warrant careful attention. First and foremost, the

environmental impact of such a system must be considered. The construction and

operation of the mini-hydroelectric system could potentially disrupt local ecosystems

and water sources. Ethical responsibility lies in conducting thorough environmental

impact assessments to minimize harm to aquatic life and ensure that water sources
remain sustainable. Equitable access to the benefits of this technology is another critical

concern. It is important to ensure that the benefits of the system, such as increased

crop yields or improved access to electricity, are distributed fairly among all

stakeholders, particularly small-scale farmers, and marginalized communities. This may

require policies to address issues of ownership, access, and pricing. Furthermore, the

potential displacement of traditional farming practices by this modern technology needs

to be managed with sensitivity. Preserving the cultural heritage and livelihoods of the

communities relying on traditional farming is an ethical obligation. The mini-hydroelectric

system should be designed and maintained in a manner that prioritizes safety, both for

the workers involved and for the end-users of the DC voltage. Ethical considerations

demand the implementation of safety measures and regular maintenance to prevent

accidents and injuries. Finally, transparency in decision-making and public participation

in the planning and implementation of such a system are ethical imperatives.

Communities and stakeholders should have a say in the project's development, and

their concerns and input should be considered. In conclusion, while the concept of a

mini-hydroelectric system in water irrigation offers promising benefits, its ethical

implementation requires careful consideration of its environmental, social, and safety

implications to ensure that it serves the greater good without causing harm to the

environment or marginalized communities.

Table 1 showed the DC voltage produced by our mini-hydroelectric in the water

irrigation of Brgy. Pisaan, Rosarion, Agusan Del Sur. As shown in the table during 8am

time period the voltage is quite low because during this time the farmers are using the
irrigation to water their corp after watering they close the water channels then by 9am

we already get the 12 volts DC where the speed of the water in the irrigation is fast

because the water channels are already closed, until 3pm our mini-hydroelectric was

able to get the 12 volts DC that we needed but after the said period of time the voltage

is decreasing because at 4pm to 5pm the farmers will water their corps again so from

12 volts in goes down by 11 volts DC this outcome is most affected because of the rainy

season at the time.

As a final observation, during the rainy season in the water irrigation the velocity

flow of the water is high and able to produce 12volts for the majority of the period time,

unlike the dry season its velocity is quite low that’s why it only produces 12 volts at 1pm

for the water velocity at that time is somehow high but still differ during rainy season. In

order to achieve faster rotation, it was also discovered that the blade need to have an

appropriate design. Then, factors like height and velocity flow of water for dry and rainy

season are also considered important. Although it is simple to make and has the

advantage of using renewable energy, this does not guarantee that it will live up to

expectations because the price is also a factor.

We find out that during Rainy season the velocity and height of the water in the irrigation

is fast and high, so it produces the 12 volts DC even though the farmers open the

channels to water their corps this factor does not much affect the velocity of the water in

the irrigation it lower to 11 volts DC, but it does not go lower beyond 11 volts DC so

rainy season is the best time to put our mini hydroelectric to the water irrigation. During

the Dry season the velocity and height of the water is somehow slow and low, so it

barely produces the 12 volts DC, especially when the farmers water their corps this
factor greatly affect the velocity of the water because farmers water more their corps

during dry season unlike the rainy season so the velocity and the height of the water is

a great challenge, but it still produces 12 volts DC at 1pm for the reason that the main

source of the irrigation open up to provide water stocks for the use to water the corps

staring 4pm to 5pm so the velocity of the water at that time is highly until it likely slow

down if the irrigation water level get its level need for the farmers to water their corps.

To determine if the water irrigation system is applicable in producing the 12 volts

DC, we used the information received from the test that was performed. We utilized a

multi-tester to calculate the voltage output of our mini hydroelectric to differentiate the

output during rainy and dry season. To support the data result we will show two tables

for both rainy and dry season results every one hour. This research uses an induction

motor (230V, 13W) and a converter as the main component for creating our mini

hydroelectric.

Evaluation of the Mini-Hydroelectric System Performance

The researchers provided the results of the performance evaluation of the mini-

hydroelectric system. The system was subjected to testing to assess its productivity,

reliability, and overall performance in power production.

Analysis of Energy Output

 The energy production of the mini-hydroelectric system is measured every hour

for eight hours, considering the velocity of the water in the irrigation during dry and rainy

season. The result shows that during the rainy season we can achieve the 12 volts DC

for five hours while the dry season only for one hour. The energy will be converted from

AC input to DC output.

System Performance Assessment

The study on performance revealed that the mini-hydroelectric system had high rating

performance during rainy season and low rating for dry season. The input AC from the

induction is converted using the converter to become DC voltage output.

Table 2. Data Result for rainy season (no load)

TIME VOLTAGE (DC)

8 AM 11 Volts
9 AM 12 Volts
10 AM 12 Volts
11 AM 12 Volts
12 PM 12 Volts
1 PM 12 Volts
2 PM 12 Volts
3 PM 12 Volts
4 PM 11 Volts
5 PM 11 Volts
 Table 1 shows the DC voltage produced by our mini-hydroelectric system in the

water irrigation of Brgy. Pisaan, Rosario, Agusan Del Sur. As depicted in the table,

during the 8 am time period, the voltage was relatively low because the farmers were

using the irrigation to water their crops. After watering, they closed the water channels,

and by 9 am, we already attained the 12 volts DC as the speed of the water in the

irrigation increased due to the closed channels. Until 3 pm, our mini-hydroelectric

system consistently generated the 12 volts DC required. However, after this period, the

voltage began to decrease. Between 4 pm to 5 pm, as the farmers resumed watering

their crops, the voltage dropped to around 11 volts DC. This decline was primarily

influenced by the rainy season at the time.

Table 3. Data Result for dry season (no load)

TIME VOLTAGE (DC)

8 AM 7 Volts
9 AM 8 Volts
10 AM 8 Volts
11 AM 9 Volts
12 PM 10 Volts
1 PM 12 Volts
2 PM 9 Volts
3 PM 9 Volts
4 PM 7 Volts
5 PM 7 Volts

Table 2 displayed the DC voltage produced by our mini-hydroelectric system in

the water irrigation of Brgy. Pisaan, Rosario, Agusan Del Sur. As indicated in the table,

at 8 am during the dry season, the mini-hydroelectric system only produced 7 volts DC.

This was because, during this time, the farmers opened the channels in the irrigation to
water their crops, and since it was the dry season, the water levels were lower, resulting

in slower water flow compared to the rainy season. As the farmers closed the channels,

the speed of the water in the irrigation gradually increased. Between 9 am to 12 pm, the

voltage output increased steadily, reaching 12 volts DC by 1 pm. However, after 1 pm,

the voltage began to decrease. Between 2 pm to 5 pm, as the farmers resumed

watering their crops and opened the channels, the voltage dropped from 9 volts DC at 2

pm to 7 volts DC at 4 pm to 5 pm.

Current Calculations

I = P/V

I = 13/50

I = 0.26 Ampere

AC to DC Calculation

DC = VAC/√(2)

DC = 18/√(2)

DC = 12 VOLTS