RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

Title: Power Generating Hydro-Gear system in Water Refilling Stations

Power Generating Water Station Using Gear Box

 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

INTRODUCTION

As per, the Philippines' energy minister said that the country's power
supply situation in 2023 is likely to be difficult, with some hydro plants
expected to be unable to deliver electricity.

A dam or other construction that alters the natural flow of a

river or other body of water is used to generate hydropower, often
known as hydroelectric power. In order to generate energy, hydropower
uses the perpetual, never-ending water cycle, which uses water as a fuel
and leaves no waste products behind. Although there are many
different kinds of hydropower plants, they are always propelled by the
kinetic energy of water moving downstream. In order to turn this kinetic
energy into electricity, which may subsequently be used to power
buildings, businesses, and other establishments, hydropower uses
turbines and generators. The largest renewable source in the world,
hydropower generates more energy than either wind or solar
combined. And far over 90% of the world's total energy storage capacity
is provided by pumping water up a hill, sometimes known as "pumped
storage hydropower."

To transmit rotary motion from one shaft to another, gears

are structures with teeth that mesh together. The radius and number
of teeth are two crucial characteristics that define gears. Usually, a
shaft or base is used to mount them or connect them to other
components.The globe can be powered by renewable energy
sources like the wind and waves. These energy conversion devices
currently connect a high-speed electric machine to a low-speed
physical energy source using mechanical gears. There are numerous
advantages to improving the architecture of the systems that
transform these sources into electrical energy.

The cost of household water purifiers and bottled water has

increased over time as demand for cleaner water increases. A more
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

affordable and practical alternative to bottled water or the use of

home filters is the use of water refilling stations run by private
business owners. Currently, there are more than 3,000 water
replenishment stations spread over the country. They offer filtered
water that is less expensive and of a similar quality to bottled water.
For instance, bottled water costs P 12 to P 25 per liter, whereas the
price per gallon of replenished filtered water in Metro Manila ranges
from P 50 to P 120 per 5-gallon container, or roughly P 2.50 to P 6.00
per liter. Contrarily, household filters range in price from P 5,000 to P
25,000 per unit (1 US dollar was equal to P 56 in 2004).

As for some water refilling stations it requires a standard

electrical wall outlet (110 v ~ 15 amp) which the Refill Station will run off
of at 121 volts, 2.5 amps and 117 watts and 60hz at max draw.

The most important component for water refilling stations is

energy. Hydroelectric gear systems only require water as their primary
energy source—which is also their main source of income—researchers
will work to make water the principal energy source in the majority of
refilling stations. To conduct this kind of research, researchers will
attempt to work together on a few particular water refilling stations.
This study is crucial for efforts to conserve energy and to make the most
of the water that can be used at refilling stations.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Hydroelectric energy, also known as hydroelectric power or

hydroelectricity, is a type of energy that uses the force of moving water
to produce electricity, such as water running down a waterfall. This
force has been utilized by people for ages. In order to raise the level of
the water behind the dam and create as much of a head as possible,
hydroelectric generators are often built within dams that impound
rivers. A high-head system needs less water than a low-head installation
does to create the same amount of power because the potential power
that may be obtained from a volume of water is directly proportional to
the working head. In certain dams, the powerhouse is built on one of
the dam's flanks, with the remaining portion serving as a spillway for the
outflow of extra water during floods. The powerhouse could be placed
inside the dam itself when the river runs through a constrained, steep
valley. The most popular renewable energy source in the early 21st
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

century was hydroelectricity, which in 2019 accounted for more than

18% of the world's total power producing capacity.

The first hydro power project was built in the Philippines in

1913. Camp John Hay, a power facility built by missionaries in Baguio
City 560 kilowatt hydroelectric power plant installed capacity. Up until
1936, when Commonwealth Act No. 120 established the National Power
Corporation (NPC), the private sector continued to exploit water
resources for the purpose of producing electricity. In accordance with
pre-existing rights, the legislation reserved for the use of NPC all
streams, lakes, and rivers in the nation where electricity may be
created. This nationalized the hydroelectric power sector. The National
Electrification Administration (NEA) was given the authority to develop
the nation's small-scale hydro power potential by Presidential Decree
1645 in 1979.

The same fundamental pieces are required for all hydroelectric

systems in order for them to begin producing power. In essence, each
works by using water pressure to propel a turbine, which in turn powers
an electricity-generating generator. Alternating current, produced by
the turbine's power turning a shaft that rotates magnets within a
generator, may be utilized to power houses and towns. The generator,
which serves as the system's brain, has a number of crucial
components. Since ancient times, we have been exploiting water's
mechanical capacity to move machines or crush grain in mills. We've
also been harnessing it to produce useful, clean energy for about a
century and a half.

By producing and storing energy while optimizing the usage of

water in daily life, this study intends to create and deliver a technology
that can aid in energy conservation. In a single water refilling station
this project might provide a crucial backup supply of energy during
blackouts and other emergencies. The method includes turning on
faucets' water pressure to generate and store energy that may be used
to power a variety of gadgets.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study will investigate and analyse the possibilities of using

power Generating Hydro-Gear systems in Water refilling stations. The
researchers tend to build a system that can produce electricity by

1. Why did the researchers choose the water refilling stations as

the main location to execute this study?
2. How much power can a hydro-gear system generate?
3. Will this hydro-gear system have an impact on the elements of
water produced by water refilling stations in terms of purity?
4. What is the cost effectiveness of using a Hydro-gear system
when compared to the typical water refilling station with the
same useful input/output ratio?
5. Will the accumulated energy in the Hydro-Gear system can be
used to fully operate itself?
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

HYPOTHESIS
1. The hydroelectric gear system will be the primary source of energy in
water refilling stations.
2. The hydroelectric gear system has the potential to maximize the
overall ability of water use in a water refilling station.

3. The hydroelectric gear system is a good investment for a water

refilling station as it produces energy through the machine.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

General Objective:

The study’s general objective is to design and build a Power generating

Hydro-Gear system in a water refilling station that can maximize the full
potential of used water in a water refilling station.

Specific Objectives:

1. To provide a solution for the continuous production of water

refilling stations in the event of a power outage or blackout.
2. To produce a market-oriented system for water refilling
stations.
3.
4.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Hydropower has been and remains to be the first renewable
energy source used to produce electricity. The researchers tend to
develop a system that can provide electricity single or multi-phase for
consumers using a hydro-gear system connected to the pipe of the
water refilling station. This study is therefore significant to the
following:

For owners of Water Refilling stations, as they are the one who
would directly make use of the system to maximize the use of their
resources while still providing the basic essential of every household in
the community which is purified drinking water.

For consumers, the price of drinking water will decrease for the
reason that the system is fully operated by itself using the hydro-gear
system. Also, for the safety of consumers it is guaranteed that the
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

system will not compromise the elements of the produced mineral

water.

For researchers, as they will learn more about the field of

mechanical engineering and will provide them an opportunity to gain
knowledge about the significance of new designs and the study's
variables.

For future researchers, the outcome of the research and the

novel prototype will provide important data that might serve as a
source of inspiration for their future research efforts in this field.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This study limits its scope to the Common Mineral Water Filling
Station in Brgy, Muzon Taytay City. This study intends to make a
significant contribution to energy conservation and provide a
comprehensive solution to the brownout issue at some water refilling
stations.

Considering that it only contains a few water refilling stations

and nearly no assistance from the primary source of energy, this study
takes into account every aspect of unforeseen scenarios that might
occur when carrying out this kind of research.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Hydroelectric- relating to or denoting the generation of electricity using

flowing water (typically from a reservoir held behind a dam or other
barrier) to drive a turbine that powers a generator.

Gears- one of a set of toothed wheels that work together to alter the
relation between the speed of a driving mechanism (such as the engine
of a vehicle or the crank of a bicycle) and the speed of the driven parts
(the wheels).

Rotary Motion- The rotary motion includes the physical motion of a

certain object which is spinning on an axis of its own.
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Eusebio, Pasig, Metro Manila

Constrained- appearing forced or overly controlled.

Alternating current- an electric current that reverses its direction many

times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies.

Double helical gears- transmit rotational motion between two parallel

shafts.

Pumped storage hydropower (PSH)- is a type of hydroelectric energy

storage. It is a configuration of two water reservoirs at different
elevations that can generate power as water moves down from one to
the other (discharge), passing through a turbine.