TOPIC 14: Customs and traditions

1.The importance of preserving customs and traditions.

Preserving customs and traditions is essential for maintaining a community’s cultural identity and
continuity. These practices connect generations, teaching younger ones about their heritage, values, and
historical roots. Customs create a sense of belonging and unity, strengthening relationships among
individuals in a community. Moreover, traditions often serve as a bridge between the past and present,
providing context for understanding societal changes. They also play a significant role in attracting
tourists, promoting intercultural exchange, and boosting local economies. Without deliberate efforts to
preserve them, unique aspects of a culture could disappear, leading to a loss of diversity and identity in
our increasingly globalized world.

2.some customs and traditions in your country

My country is rich in customs and traditions that reflect its cultural heritage and values. One of the most
important is The Lunar New Year, when families clean and decorate their homes, cook traditional dishes
like banh chung, and exchange good wishes with relatives. Another significant tradition is ancestor
worship, where families honor their ancestors by offering food, flowers, and incense on home altars,
especially during festivals. Traditional clothing, such as the ao dai, is a symbol of national pride and is
often worn on special occasions like weddings or cultural events. Festivals such as the Mid-Autumn
Festival bring families together to enjoy mooncakes, admire the full moon, and watch lion dances,
creating joyful memories for children and adults alike. These traditions not only preserve our unique
identity but also strengthen the bonds within families and communities.

3.Vietnamese customs at Tet holiday

Tet Holiday, or Vietnamese Lunar New Year, is the most significant celebration in Vietnam, marking the
arrival of spring and a fresh start for the year. In preparation, families thoroughly clean their homes to
sweep away bad luck and decorate with kumquat trees, peach blossoms, and red banners symbolizing
prosperity. Special foods like banh chung and banh tet are made to honor traditions and ancestors.
During Tet, people dress in traditional ao dai, visit relatives and friends, and exchange New Year’s
wishes. A key custom is giving lucky money in red envelopes to children and the elderly as a symbol of
good luck and blessings. Families also pay respects to their ancestors by visiting graves or making
offerings at home altars. These practices reflect the Vietnamese values of family unity, respect for
traditions, and hope for a prosperous and harmonious year ahead.

4.ways to preserve customs and traditions

Preserving customs and traditions is essential for maintaining cultural identity. Families can teach
younger generations about traditional practices and involve them in celebrations. Schools should include
lessons on cultural heritage, while communities can organize festivals to keep traditions alive.
Governments can support preservation by funding cultural programs and protecting traditional crafts.
Additionally, documenting traditions through books or online platforms ensures they are remembered.
Encouraging daily practices, like wearing traditional attire or celebrating festivals, also helps maintain
these valuable customs.
 TOPIC 16: Tourism

1.Advantages of tourism

Tourism offers a variety of benefits to both communities and countries. Firstly, it boosts the economy by
creating jobs in industries like hospitality, transportation and entertainment. Tourism also helps
preserve cultural heritage, ass attractions abd traditions arre maintained for visitors. Additionally, it
promotes cross-cultural understanding by allowing people from different backgrounds to interact and
learn from each other. Tourism can also lead to improvements in infrastructure, such ass better roads,
airports and public services, which benefit both the locals and tourists. Overall, tourism fosters
economic growth, cultural exchange and community development.

2.Disadvantages off tourism

While tourism can bring about numerous economic benefits, it also exists several disadvantages.
Overcrowding in popular destinations can lead to environmental damage such as pollution, loss the
wildlife habitats, and the destruction of natural landscapes. Tourism often puts pressure on local
resources like wwater and energy, affecting the communites. It can also cause cultural erosion, as
traditional practices may be altered and commercialized to meet tourists exxpectations. Additionally,
tourism can increase the cost of living for locals, as demand for goods and services rises, making life
more expensive for residents.

3.Measures to improve tourism.

To improve tourism, enhancing infrastructure such as transportation and accommodation makes

destinations more accessible. Promoting local culture through festivals, food, and traditions attracts
visitors seeking authentic experiences. Focusing on sustainable tourism helps protect the environment
while maintaining the destination’s appeal. Using digital marketing effectively promotes attractions,
while offering diverse experiences caters to different interests. Ensuring safety and security builds trust,
and training local guides provides enriching experiences for tourists. These efforts can boost tourism and
contribute to local economies.

4.Measures to tackle with disadvantages of tourism.

To tackle the disadvantages of tourism, several measures can be implemented. Regulating visitor
numbers through caps can prevent overcrowding, while promoting off-season travel helps spread tourist
activity throughout the year. Encouraging sustainable practices like waste reduction and water
conservation minimizes environmental impact. Supporting local communities by ensuring fair wages and
promoting local businesses ensures tourism benefits them. Enforcing laws to protect natural sites and
landmarks is essential for preservation, and educating tourists about respectful travel practices
encourages responsible behavior. These actions can reduce the negative impacts of tourism and
promote sustainability.

TOPIC 17: Communication in the future

1.By what means will people communicate in the future

In the future, people are likely to communicate through advanced technology that goes beyond
traditional methods. Virtual reality may allow people to interact in immersive digital environment,
making remote communication feel more like in-person experiences. Artificial intelligence could play a
bigger role in real-time language translation, breaking down language barriers. Brain-computer
interfaces might enable direct thought-to-thought communication, by passing spoken or written
language. Social media platforms will continue to evolve, offering new ways for people to share ideas
and stay connected instantly across the globe.

2.Advantages of telepathy

Telepathy, if realized, could offer numerous advantages. It would enable instant communication,
allowing people to exchange thoughts directly and efficiently, without the need for spoken or written
words. This could lead to improved understanding, as emotions and ideas would be shared without the
risk of misinterpretation. Telepathy could also enhance privacy and security, as it bypasses traditional
communication channels that are vulnerable to hacking. Furthermore, it might foster greater empathy
by allowing individuals to experience each other's feelings firsthand. It could also be more inclusive for
those with speech or hearing impairments, providing a new way to connect.

3.Disadvantages of telepathy

Telepathy, while offering benefits, also has significant drawbacks. Privacy issues would arise, as people
may struggle to keep their thoughts private. There’s potential for misuse, with telepathy being exploited
for manipulation or surveillance. Lack of control over thoughts could lead to discomfort, and it might
cause social and psychological impacts, such as the erosion of personal boundaries. Finally, ethical
concerns about consent and privacy would need to be addressed.

TOPIC 18: Festivals

1.A famous festival in Vietnam

One of the most famous festivals in Vietnam is Tet Nguyen Dan, or the Lunar New Year Festival, which is
the most important holiday in Vietnamese culture. It marks the arrival of spring and the beginning of the
lunar calendar year, typically falling in January or February. Tet is a time for family reunions, honoring
ancestors, and celebrating with traditional foods like banh chung. People clean and decorate their
homes to welcome good luck, visit relatives, and exchange lucky money to wish for prosperity and
happiness in the coming year. Tet is a time of joy, reflection, and renewal, celebrated with parades,
fireworks, and cultural performances throughout the country.

2.Advantages of festivals

Festivals offer several advantages, both culturally and socially. They provide an opportunity for
community bonding, as people come together to celebrate shared traditions, values, and customs.
Festivals also preserve cultural heritage by passing down traditions, music, dance, and rituals to younger
generations. They can boost the local economy by attracting tourists, creating jobs, and supporting small
businesses. Additionally, festivals promote social inclusion, allowing people from different backgrounds
to participate and learn from one another. They also offer a chance for people to relax and recharge,
providing a break from the daily routine and fostering a sense of joy and unity within communities.
3.Disadvantages of festivals

While festivals offer many benefits, they also come with some disadvantages. Overcrowding is a
common issue, especially in popular events, which can lead to safety concerns and a diminished
experience for attendees. Environmental impact is another concern, as festivals often generate large
amounts of waste, such as plastic and food containers, contributing to pollution. Noise and disruption
can affect local residents, particularly in urban areas, leading to disturbances during the celebration
period. Additionally, high costs associated with organizing festivals, such as permits, security, and
infrastructure, can burden local governments or businesses. Lastly, festivals can sometimes lead to
commercialization, where the original cultural or traditional purpose is overshadowed by profit-driven
motives.

TOPIC 19: English-speaking countries

1.Advantages of studying in English-speaking countries

Studying in English-speaking countries offers several advantages. First, it provides access to high-quality
education, as many English-speaking nations have world-renowned universities and research
institutions. Being immersed in an English-speaking environment helps improve language skills, boosting
fluency in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Studying abroad also offers the opportunity to
experience cultural diversity, fostering greater global awareness and understanding. Additionally,
English-speaking countries often have strong job prospects for graduates, with many international
companies seeking employees who are fluent in English. Finally, studying in an English-speaking country
can lead to networking opportunities, allowing students to connect with peers and professionals
worldwide, which can be beneficial for future career growth.

TOPIC 20: Music and arts

1.Advantages of music and arts

Music and the arts offer numerous advantages, both for individuals and society. They foster creativity
and self-expression, allowing people to explore emotions and ideas in unique ways. Engaging with music
and the arts can also improve mental health, reducing stress, anxiety, and depression by providing an
emotional outlet and enhancing overall well-being. They contribute to cognitive development,
improving skills like problem-solving, memory, and concentration. Additionally, the arts promote
cultural awareness, as they expose individuals to diverse traditions, perspectives, and histories. Music
and the arts also encourage social connection and community building, bringing people together
through shared experiences, performances, and collaborations. Finally, they can be a source of
inspiration and motivation, offering individuals a sense of purpose and fulfillment.

2.Disadvantages of music and arts

While music and the arts offer many benefits, they also come with some disadvantages. One issue is the
high cost of education and resources, which can make it difficult for some individuals to access quality
training or materials. Additionally, job instability in creative fields can be a challenge, as many careers in
music and the arts are freelance or project-based, offering little financial security. There can also be
subjectivity in evaluating artistic work, which may lead to criticism or misunderstanding, especially when
art is perceived as controversial or challenging societal norms. Furthermore, excessive exposure to
music or art may lead to overstimulation, which can affect focus or productivity in other areas of life.
Lastly, the commercialization of music and the arts can sometimes overshadow authentic creativity,
prioritizing profits over artistic value.

TOPIC 21: URBAN LIFE; CITY LIFE

1. Advantages of urban life

Urban life offers several benefits, including better access to education, healthcare, and job
opportunities. Cities typically have a wider range of schools, universities, and hospitals, improving
overall quality of life. Public transportation systems make it easier to travel, reducing the need for
personal vehicles. Urban areas also offer diverse cultural experiences, including museums, theaters, and
restaurants, providing entertainment and opportunities for socializing. Additionally, living in a city often
means access to modern technology and services, such as fast internet, which can enhance convenience
and connectivity in daily life.

2. Disadvantages of urban life

Urban life, while offering many opportunities, also exists several downsides. One of the main issues is
overcrowding, which leads to congestion, long commutes, and a lack of personal space. The high cost of
living in cities can make housing, food, and services expensive, causing financial stress for many.
Pollution, noise, and lack of green spaces can negatively affect health and well-being. Additionally, urban
areas can be isolating, with people often/-strong/-heart:>:o:-((:-h feeling disconnected from their
communities. Crime rates can also be higher, making safety a concern in certain neighborhoods.

TOPIC 22: SCHOOLWORK

1. Advantages of doing homework

Doing homework plays a crucial part of a student's learning process. It helps reinforce what has been
taught in class and gives students the opportunity to practice new concepts. Homework encourages
responsibility, time management, and independent learning, allowing students to work at their own
pace. While it can sometimes feel like a burden, it plays a key role in preparing for exams and deepening
understanding. By completing assignments, students also develop problem- solving skills and discipline,
which are important for their future education and career success. As a result, consistency in doing
homework leads to academic growth.

2. Advantages of attending lessons at schools

Attending lessons at school plays a vital role in a student's education and personal development. It
provides a structured environment where students learn various subjects, including mathematics,
science, literature, and history. Through lessons, students gain knowledge, critical thinking skills, and
problem-solving abilities. Schools also offer opportunities for social interaction, allowing students to
make friends and learn teamwork. Regular attendance helps build discipline and responsibility, which
are important for future success. By actively participating in lessons, students prepare themselves for
the challenges and opportunities they will face in their careers and lives.

TOPIC 23: LOCAL COMMUNITY

1. Introduce traditional crafts of Nam Dinh

Nam Dinh, a province in northern Vietnam, is known for its rich tradition of handicrafts. One of the most
famous crafts is silk weaving, where artisans create beautiful, intricate silk fabrics using traditional
techniques passed down through generations. Another notable craft is embroidery, where skilled
workers produce detailed, colorful patterns on fabric. Nam Dinh is also renowned for its wicker weaving,
producing baskets, mats, and other decorative items. These crafts not only reflect the region's cultural
heritage but also contribute to its local economy, as many products are sold both domestically and
internationally.

2. Introduce traditional crafts of Vietnam

Vietnam is known for its rich tradition of crafts, which reflect the country's culture and history. One of
the most famous crafts is silk weaving, especially in areas like Hanoi and Hoi An, where intricate patterns
are handwoven into beautiful fabrics. Pottery, such as that from Bat Trang, is renowned for its delicate
designs and fine craftsmanship. Traditional lacquerware, embroidery, and bamboo products are also
highly valued. These crafts are passed down through generations, offering a glimpse into Vietnam's
artistic heritage while providing an important source of livelihood for many local communities.

3. Famous food in Nam Dinh

Nam Dinh, a province in northern Vietnam, is known for its delicious and unique cuisine. One of the
most famous dishes is "banh cuon," a savory rice roll filled with minced pork, mushrooms, and fried
shallots, often served with fresh herbs and dipping sauce. "Nem chua" (fermented pork) is another local
specialty, typically enjoyed as a snack or appetizer. Nam Dinh is also famous for its "mi cang," a noodle
dish served with broth, pork, and vegetables. These traditional foods reflect the region's rich culinary
heritage and attract food lovers from all over the world.

4. Famous food in Vietnam

Vietnam is known for its delicious and diverse cuisine, with one of the most famous dishes being pho, a
flavorful noodle soup made with either beef or chicken, served with fresh herbs and lime. Another
popular dish is banh mi, a Vietnamese sandwich with a crispy baguette filled with meat, vegetables, and
sauce. Goi cuon, or spring rolls, are also a well-loved snack, featuring shrimp, pork, and fresh herbs
wrapped in rice paper. These dishes, along with many others like com tam and bun cha, showcase
Vietnam's rich culinary traditions.

TOPIC 24: OUR EXPERIENCES

1. The most memorable experience

One of my most memorable experiences was a trip I took to the mountains with my family. We spent a
weekend hiking through the lush forests and camping under the stars. The fresh air and peaceful
surroundings made everything feel so calm and serene. One morning, we woke up early to watch the
sunrise from the top of a hill. As the sun rose, casting a warm glow over the landscape, I felt a deep
sense of gratitude and connection to nature. It was a simple moment, yet it left a lasting impression. The
experience taught me the value of slowing down, appreciating the little things, and spending quality
time with loved ones.

TOPIC 25: VIETNAMESE YOUTH LIFESTYLE

1. Clothing of the youth

Clothing among the youth today reflects both individuality and global trends. Many young people
embrace casual and comfortable styles, such as jeans, t-shirts, and sneakers, often influenced by popular
culture and social media. Streetwear, sportswear, and fast fashion are common choices, as they offer
trendy, affordable options. Youth also express themselves through unique accessories, hairstyles, and
customized clothing. Social movements and environmental concerns have led to a rise in sustainable
fashion, with more young people opting for eco-friendly brands and second-hand clothing. Overall,
youth clothing is diverse, dynamic, and constantly evolving.

2. Street food

Street food has become a popular choice for youngsters due to its convenience, variety, and
affordability. Whether it's a savory snack like tacos, sandwiches, or dumplings, or a sweet treat like ice
cream or churros, street food offers a quick and delicious option for those on the go. Many young
people enjoy the experience of trying different foods from various cultures, often shared with friends in
lively outdoor settings. The vibrant atmosphere, diverse flavors, and the chance to explore new tastes
make street food an exciting part of modern youth culture.

3. Entertainment for yougsters

Entertainment for youngsters has evolved with the rise of suchnology, offering a wide variety of
options. Video games are extremely popular, princiding interactive and immersive experiences, while
social media platforms like Tik Tok and Instagram alliyw young people to connect and share content.
Streaming services like Nerflix and YouTube offer endless movies, shows, and videos, Sports, outdoor
activities, and music also remain central, offering both fun and physical benefits. With so many choices,
youngsters can easily find entertainment that fits their interests, whether it's creative, social, or active.

4. Leaming trends among youngsters

Learning trends among youngsters are rapidly changing with the advancement of technology. A great
number of young people now prefer digital learning tools, such as online courses, educational apps, and
video tutorials, which offer flexibility and access to a wide range of topics. Interactive learning methods,
like gamification and virtual reality, are becoming popular, making education more engaging and hands-
on. Social media platforms also play a role, with influencers and peer groups sharing educational
content. Additionally, there is a growing focus on personalized learning, where students can learn at
their own pace and according to their interests.