PTM 488

Teknik Pengelasan
Kuliah 4

1
WELD JOINT GEOMETERY
AND WELDING SYMBOLS

Terminology & Definitions

A Weld:
A union between materials caused by heat,
and or pressure

A Joint:
A configuration of members

2
 Joint Terminology

Edge Open & Closed Corner Lap

Tee Butt
Cruciform

Welded Joint Terminology

Compound Fillet Butt

Edge Spot Plug

3
 Butt Welds

Single sided Butt Preparations

Single sided preparations are normally made on thinner
materials, or when access form both sides is restricted

Single Bevel Single Vee

Single J Single U

4
 Double sided Butt Preparations
Double sided preparations are normally made on thicker
materials, or when access form both sides is unrestricted

Double Bevel Double Vee

Double J Double U

Weld Zone Terms

Weld zone
Face
A B

Weld
metal Fusion
zone
Heat
Affected
Zone Weld
Junction
C D
Root
A, B, C & D = Weld Toes

5
 Butt Weld Features
Weld cap width

Excess
Cap height
or Weld
Reinforcement

Excess Root
Penetration Root bead width

Fillet Welds

6
 Fillet Weld Leg Lengths

a. = Vertical leg length

b. = Horizontal leg length

Fillet Weld Throat Thickness

a
b

a. = Design Throat Thickness

b. = Actual Throat Thickness

7
 Deep Penetration Fillet Weld Features

a
b
a. = Design Throat Thickness
b. = Depth of Penetration

Fillet Weld Dimensions

a = Design / Theoretical
throat thickness
s = Actual throat
thickness
b = Horizontal leg length
c
c = Vertical leg length
e.g
Leg length = 6mm
Design Throat = 6mm x 0.7
a Design Throat = 4.2mm
b s
The leg length should be approximately equal to the
material thickness
The design throat thickness is 0.7 of the leg length

8
 Fillet Weld Profiles

Mitre fillet Convex fillet

A concave profile is
preferred for joints
subjected to fatigue loading
Concave fillet

Welding Positions

9
 Welding Positions

Flat: PA / 1G:
Flat PA / 1F
Vertical upwards
PF / 3G

Horizontal vertical:
PB / 2F: Horizontal vertical:
PC / 2G:

Overhead Vertical downwards

Horizontal overhead PE / 4G PG / 3G
PD / 4F

Welding Positions

PA / 1G PF / 5G PG / 5G

Weld: Flat Weld: Vertical upwards Weld: Vertical Downwards

Pipe: rotated Pipe: Fixed Pipe: Fixed
Axis: Horizontal Axis: Horizontal Axis: Horizontal
45o

PC / 2G H-LO 45 / 6G
Weld: Horizontal vertical Weld: Upwards
Pipe: Fixed Pipe: Fixed
Axis: Vertical Axis: Inclined

10
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF
JOINTS

11
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF
JOINTS

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS PREPRATION

12
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS PREPRATION

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS PREPRATION

13
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS PREPRATION

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS PREPRATION

14
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF JOINTS PREPRATION

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

15
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

16
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPES OF WELDS

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

TYPE OF
WELDS

17
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

18
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

19
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

BUTT WELDS

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

FULL PENETRATION

BUTT WELDS

PARTIAL PENETRATION

20
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

FULL PENETRATION

21
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

PARTIAL PENETRATION

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

FILLET WELDS

22
 IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

FULL PENETRATION

FILLET WELDS

PARTIAL PENETRATION

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

23
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

24
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

25
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

26
IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

IWE WELDING DESIGN PRE-COURSE

WELDING SYMBOLS

27
•Reference Line

Reference Line (Required element)

Always Horizontal

Arrow Line

Reference Line (Required element)

Arrow

28
 Tail

Reference Line (Required element)

Arrow

Tail

Reference Line must always be horizontal,

Arrow points to the line or lines on drawing which clearly identify the proposed joint or
weld area.

Reference Line (Required element)

Arrow

Tail
The tail of the welding symbol is used to indicate the welding or cutting
processes, as well as the welding specification, procedures, or the supplementary
information to be used in making the weld.

29
Reference Line must always be horizontal,
Arrow points to the line or lines on drawing which clearly identify the proposed joint or
weld area.

Basic components of a WELDING SYMBOL

Arrow connects reference line to arrow side
Reference Line (Required element) member of joint or arrow side of joint

Arrow

Tail omitted when reference not used

Tail
The tail of the welding symbol is used to indicate the welding or cutting
processes, as well as the welding specification, procedures, or the supplementary
information to be used in making the weld.

All the way Around

A circle at the tangent of the arrow and the reference line

means welding to be all around.

30
Field Weld Symbol

A flag at the tangent of the reference line and arrow

means Field Weld.

Weld Symbol Terminology

OTHER SIDE

ARROW SIDE

31
Break in arrow means arrow side
must be side that beveling or
other preparation required.

Fillet Weld (Arrow Side Only)

32
Fillet Weld (Other Side)

Size of Fillet Weld Noted

1/4

1/4

33
 Example of Double Bevel Groove Weld
Depth of preparation
or groove

1/4 (5/16)

1/4 (5/16)

Depth of penetration

Plug or Slot Weld Symbol

Arrow Side

34
What does this symbol Represent?

5/16

5/16

Single-Bevel-Groove and Double Fillet Weld

Symbol

5/16

5/16

35
Single-Bevel-Groove and Double Fillet weld
Symbols

Chain Intermittent Fillet Weld

Weld both sides each end and 10
inches center to center in between

1/4 2-10 10 in

1/4 2-10

36
 Staggered Intermittent Fillet Weld
Weld ends than 10 inch centers
staggered each side

1/4 2-10
1/4 2-10
10 in

10 in

Finish Symbol
Groove weld size Groove Angle included angle of
countersink for plug welds
F
A
Root opening; Depth of filling for plug
Depth of bevel R and slot welds.

S(E) Length of weld L-P Pitch(Center-to-center

OTHER SIDE spacing) of welds
ARROW SIDE
FIELD WELD

(N)

Number of spot, seam, stud, plug, slot,

or projection welds

37
Sekian

38