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Calculus Basic Tricks

Calculus is a mathematical field focused on rates of change (Differential Calculus) and accumulation (Integral Calculus). Differential Calculus involves derivatives, which indicate how a function changes, while Integral Calculus deals with integrals that represent accumulated quantities. Common rules for derivatives and integrals are provided, along with example problems and exercises for practice.

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8 views

Calculus Basic Tricks

Calculus is a mathematical field focused on rates of change (Differential Calculus) and accumulation (Integral Calculus). Differential Calculus involves derivatives, which indicate how a function changes, while Integral Calculus deals with integrals that represent accumulated quantities. Common rules for derivatives and integrals are provided, along with example problems and exercises for practice.

Uploaded by

Alice Meme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculus

Calculus is a branch of mathematics that focuses on rates of change and accumulation. It is


primarily divided into two main areas:

1. Differential Calculus: Deals with the concept of the derivative, which represents the rate of
change of a function.

2. Integral Calculus: Deals with the concept of the integral, which represents the accumulation of
quantities.

1. Differential Calculus: The Derivative

The derivative of a function represents how the function changes as its input changes. It is the
slope of the tangent line to the curve of the function at any given point.

The basic definition of a derivative is:

f{\prime}(x) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \frac{f(x + \Delta x) - f(x)}{\Delta x}

Where:

• f(x) is the function.

• \Delta x is a small change in x.


Common Rules for Finding Derivatives:

1. Constant Rule: The derivative of a constant is 0.

\[

\frac{d}{dx} [c] = 0 \quad \text{(where \( c \) is a constant)}

\]

2. Power Rule: If f(x) = x^n, then

f{\prime}(x) = n \cdot x^{n-1}

3. Sum Rule: The derivative of a sum of functions is the sum of the derivatives.

\frac{d}{dx} [f(x) + g(x)] = f{\prime}(x) + g{\prime}(x)

4. Product Rule: The derivative of a product of two functions is:

\frac{d}{dx} [f(x) \cdot g(x)] = f{\prime}(x) \cdot g(x) + f(x) \cdot g{\prime}(x)

Example Problem 1: Find the derivative of f(x) = 3x^2 + 4x - 5.

Using the power rule:

f{\prime}(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(3x^2) + \frac{d}{dx}(4x) - \frac{d}{dx}(5)


f{\prime}(x) = 6x + 4

2. Integral Calculus: The Integral

The integral of a function represents the accumulation of quantities, such as area under a curve.

The basic definition of an integral is:

\int f(x) \, dx

This is the area under the curve f(x) from a point a to a point b.

Common Rules for Finding Integrals:

1. Power Rule for Integration: If f(x) = x^n, then

\int x^n \, dx = \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1} + C

(where C is the constant of integration, and n \neq -1).

2. Constant Rule: The integral of a constant is the constant multiplied by x.


\int c \, dx = c \cdot x + C

Example Problem 2: Find the integral of f(x) = 3x^2 + 4x - 5.

Using the power rule for integration:

\int (3x^2 + 4x - 5) \, dx = \int 3x^2 \, dx + \int 4x \, dx - \int 5 \, dx

= \frac{3x^3}{3} + \frac{4x^2}{2} - 5x + C

= x^3 + 2x^2 - 5x + C

Exercises:

Exercise 1:

Find the derivative of f(x) = 5x^3 - 2x^2 + x - 7.

Exercise 2:
Find the integral of f(x) = 6x^2 + 3x + 2.

Let me know if you’d like me to walk you through the solutions!

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