Introduction to Computer Science (I1100)

Lecture 1: Introduction

Abed EL Safadi
Faculty of Sciences 1
 Quote

“EveryBody in this country should

learn how to program a computer…
because it teaches you how to think”

-Steve Jobs
 Outline

Administrative Details

Course Objectives

Course Description

Introduction

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 Outline

Administrative Details

Course Objectives

Course Description

Introduction

4
 Useful Info.

Instructor Abed EL Safadi

Email Abed.Safadi@ul.edu.lb

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 Attendance

 You are expected to attend lectures.

 Some lectures are in sequence. If you skip one you are not be able
to understand the lecture which follows, if you don't catch up.

 In the case of unexcused absences, you are responsible for

making up lecture material that you have missed on your own.

 You are also responsible for any announcements that I make

during a class when you are absent.

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 Outline

Administrative Details

Course objectives

Course Description

Introduction

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 Course objectives
The student must know a number of basic concepts relating to different
sub-areas of computing.

• Computer components
• System components (architecture)
• Networks
• Web basic concepts
• Understand the type of services that can be found on the Internet
• Develop a static web page (HTML)

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 Outline

Administrative Details

Course Objectives

Course Description

Introduction

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 Course description

Introduction
Computer Structure
Operating System
Software
Databases
Computer Networks
Internet
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 Outline

Administrative Details

Course Objectives

Course Description

Introduction

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 Introduction

WHY STUDY COMPUTER SCIENCE ?

1- Computing is part of everything we do!
Computing and computer technology are part of just about everything that
touches our lives from the cars we drive, to the movies we watch, to the ways
businesses and governments deal with us.

2- Expertise in computing enables you to solve complex, challenging problems.

The development of software to improve education, using 3D graphics to visualize
historical artifacts, developing computer models to study evolution, understanding
natural language, analyzing medical images, using computers to produce art, and
developing algorithms to support advanced network technologies

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 Introduction

WHY STUDY COMPUTER SCIENCE ?

3-Computing enables you to make a positive difference in the world.
The exploration of assistive technology for students with low-vision, the development
of computing systems to assist with medical imaging and diagnosis and the study of
gender equity in computer science.

4- Future opportunities in computing are without boundaries.

in 1943 the president of IBM stated: "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers."
Decades later, in 1977, the founder of Digital Equipment Corporation said "There is no reason anyone
would want a computer in their home." As exciting as the world is today, the future of computing
(your future with computing!) is beyond what you can imagine. Dream big - and there truly will be no
boundaries for you.

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 Introduction
Our present
Types of Attacks lifestyle and scenario
Ahmad

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 Introduction

Cyber Security’s goal

Types of Attacks

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 Computer Science=Definitions
Computer Science = Computing Science = Informatics

Informatics = information + automatic

Informatics = automation of information treatment by a system

Computer = Computational device

It is the study of the structure, behavior, and interactions of

computational systems.

As an academic field it involves the practice of information

processing 16
 Information

Data can be any character, number, word, text, picture, sound or

video.

Information is the meaning attributed

to a data which is a coded representation
to be processed by the machine.

When data is processed, it is called information.

Output data can be perceived as information.

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 Computer

A computer is a machine or device that processes information

according to a set of predefined instructions or program

The purpose of information processing is to:

• Perform arithmetic and logical calculations

• Manage and store data
• Communicate and exchange information

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 Example of a computational device

Show the steps that your perform if you want

the result of the sum between 2 and 3.

•Press on 2 (input the data 2)

•Press on + (compute the sum operation)
• Press on 3 (input the data 3)
• Press on = (output the final result)

Calculator
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 Data Processor

Computer = Data processor ?

• Computer acts as a black box that
1. accepts input data,
2. process the data
3. and creates output data

Input Data Output Data

Computer

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 Importance of using computer science in
an enterprise
• Better production,
• Better administration,
• Better decision,
• Better communication,
• Minimize expenses and maximize profitability.

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 Areas of Application of Computer science

• Finance (stock exchange, banks, …)

• Business (e-commerce, marketing, management, data mining, …)
• Science (weather forecast, geography, physics, mathematics, …)
• Medical (pharmacy, patient history and monitoring, genetics, …)
• Network supervision (pipeline, flights, trains, trucks, transport, water
distribution, …)
• Operating supervision (product manufacturing, nuclear power plants
control, …)

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 Jobs in Computer Science

Database administrator: is involved in the planning and development of the

database as well as in troubleshooting any issues on behalf of the users.

Network administrator: installs, maintains, repairs, and upgrades network and

computer systems.

Network architect: designs and builds data communication networks including

local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and intranets.

Software project manager/ IT project manager: has the responsibility to deliver

every project on time within the budget and scope.

Computer programmer: writes programs in a variety of computer languages such

as C++ and Java, debugs programs by testing for and fixing errors.
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 Jobs in Computer Science

Mobile application developer: designs and writes mobile application code.

Computer instructor: teaches the principles of computers to students at different levels.

Telecommunications network engineer: sets up the interaction between a computer

network and communications equipment such as wireless telephony services, radio and
satellite communications, internet…

Software tester: is involved in the quality assurance stage of software development and
deployment.

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 History of Computer Science
The evolution of computer science can be divided into five generations :
First generation (1945 – 1955)
During this period, computers moved from electromechanical into electronic ones.
These computers used vacuum tubes to control electron flow, as switches and amplifiers of electron signals.

Second generation (1955 – 1960)

Texas Instruments produced silicon transistors. It is smaller, cheaper,
and dissipates less energy than a vacuum tube.

Third generation (1960 – 1970)

The integrated circuits (IC) were used to build more compact computers called minicomputers,
which became more reliable and cheaper.

Fourth generation (1971 - )

Personal computers (PC) appeared as the result of the microprocessor development .
Fifth generation (early 90’s)
Web was invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989. Laptop was invented in 1986,
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) is a second generation for mobile phones appeared in 1991,
smartphones existed starting from 2001, ….. 25