Present Simple Tense

1. Form (Structure)

The Present Simple tense is used with the base form of the verb (infinitive without "to").

✅ Affirmative Sentences:

 Subject + base verb (add -s/-es for he, she, it)

o I work in an office.
o She works in a school.
o The sun rises in the east.

✅ Negative Sentences:

 Subject + do/does not + base verb

o I do not (don’t) like coffee.
o He does not (doesn’t) play football.
o They do not (don’t) watch TV at night.

✅ Questions:

 Do/Does + subject + base verb?

o Do you like pizza?
o Does he play the guitar?
o Do they live in London?

2. Usage (When to Use Present Simple)

1️⃣ General truths & facts

 Water boils at 100°C.

 The earth revolves around the sun.

2️⃣ Habits & Routines (with adverbs of frequency: always, often, sometimes, never)

 I always wake up early.

 She usually goes to the gym.
 They never eat junk food.

3️⃣ Fixed Timetables & Schedules

 The train leaves at 8 AM.

  My class starts at 9 o’clock.

4️⃣ Permanent Situations & States

 She lives in Dubai.

 He works as a doctor.

5️⃣ Likes, Dislikes, and Opinions

 I love chocolate.
 She doesn’t like spicy food.
 We think it’s a great idea.

3. More Explanation & Common Mistakes

❌ Wrong: He go to school every day.

✅ Correct: He goes to school every day.

❌ Wrong: She don’t like coffee.

✅ Correct: She doesn’t like coffee.

❌ Wrong: Do he like ice cream?

✅ Correct: Does he like ice cream?

❌ Wrong: They watches TV in the evening.

✅ Correct: They watch TV in the evening.

4. Examples in Context

💬 Conversation Example
👩: What do you usually do on weekends?
👦: I play football and watch movies. What about you?
👩: I visit my grandparents and read books.

📖 Short Story Example

Anna lives in Paris. She works in a bank and starts her job at 9 AM. Every morning, she drinks
coffee and reads the newspaper. On weekends, she goes to the park with her friends. She loves
reading and enjoys classical music.

5. Study Worksheet
A. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb:

1. My father __________ (wake) up at 6 AM every day.

2. She __________ (not like) horror movies.
3. __________ you __________ (work) in a hospital?
4. The sun __________ (rise) in the east.
5. We __________ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.

B. Choose the correct option:

1. He (go/goes) to the gym every evening.

2. They (doesn’t/don’t) like spicy food.
3. __________ you (like/likes) coffee?
4. My brother (plays/play) football on Saturdays.
5. The bus (arrive/arrives) at 7 AM.

C. Rewrite the sentences correctly:

1. She don’t like chocolate. → __________

2. Does he plays tennis? → __________
3. They watches TV at night. → __________
4. My mother cook dinner every day. → __________
5. I doesn’t go to school on Sundays. → __________

Words to Memorize (Common Present Simple Vocabulary)

Here are useful words related to daily routines, habits, and general actions in the Present Simple
tense.

1️⃣ Action Verbs (‫)األفعال الشائعة‬

Arabic (
English
‫)العربية‬
Wake up ‫يستيقظ‬
Get up ‫ينهض‬
‫يفرش‬
Brush (teeth)
)‫(األسنان‬
Wash ‫يغسل‬
Eat ‫يأكل‬
Drink ‫يشرب‬
Go ‫يذهب‬
Work ‫يعمل‬
Study ‫يدرس‬
Read ‫يقرأ‬
 Arabic (
English
‫)العربية‬
Write ‫يكتب‬
Watch ‫يشاهد‬
Listen ‫يستمع‬
Speak ‫يتحدث‬
Play ‫يلعب‬
Walk ‫يمشي‬
Run ‫يجري‬
Sleep ‫ينام‬
Cook ‫يطبخ‬
Drive ‫يقود‬
Like ‫يحب‬
Love ‫يعشق‬
Need ‫يحتاج‬
Want ‫يريد‬

2️⃣ Time Expressions (‫)تعبيرات الزمن المستخدمة مع المضارع البسيط‬

Arabic (
English
‫)العربية‬
Always ‫ًا‬ ‫دائم‬
Usually ‫عادًة‬
Often ‫غالبًا‬
Sometimes ‫أحيانًا‬
Rarely ‫نادرًا‬
Never ‫أبدًا‬
Every day ‫كل يوم‬
Every morning ‫كل صباح‬
Every evening ‫كل مساء‬
On Mondays ‫يوم اإلثنين‬
In the morning ‫في الصباح‬
At night ‫في الليل‬

3️⃣ Daily Routine Phrases (‫)عبارات عن الروتين اليومي‬

 I wake up at 7 AM. → ‫ صباحًا‬7 ‫أستيقظ الساعة‬.

 She goes to school every day. → ‫هي تذهب إلى المدرسة كل يوم‬.
  They have breakfast at 8 o’clock. → 8 ‫هم يتناولون اإلفطار الساعة‬.
 He reads a book before sleeping. → ‫هو يقرأ كتابًا قبل النوم‬.
 We watch TV in the evening. → ‫نحن نشاهد التلفاز في المساء‬.

Present Simple Tense – In-Depth Explanation

1. What is the Present Simple Tense?

The Present Simple tense is one of the most basic and commonly used tenses in English. It
describes:
✔ General truths and facts
✔ Habits and routines
✔ Permanent situations
✔ Fixed schedules
✔ Feelings, emotions, and opinions

2. Present Simple Tense: Sentence Structure

A) Affirmative Sentences (‫)الجمل المثبتة‬

Structure:
👉 Subject + base verb (+s/es for he, she, it)

✅ Examples:

 I work in a bank.
 She lives in London.
 The sun rises in the east.

Spelling Rules for Verbs in Third-Person Singular (He/She/It)

1️⃣ Most verbs → Add "-s"

 work → works
 read → reads
 play → plays

2️⃣ Verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, -o → Add "-es"

 watch → watches
 wash → washes
  pass → passes
 fix → fixes
 go → goes

3️⃣ Verbs ending in consonant + y → Change "y" to "i" and add "-es"

 study → studies
 fly → flies
 try → tries
(Exception: If a vowel comes before "y", just add -s → play → plays)

B) Negative Sentences (‫)الجمل المنفية‬

Structure:
👉 Subject + do/does not + base verb

✅ Examples:

 I do not (don’t) like coffee.

 He does not (doesn’t) watch TV.
 They do not (don’t) go to school on Sundays.

🔹 Remember:

 "Do not" = don’t (for I, you, we, they)

 "Does not" = doesn’t (for he, she, it)

❌ Common Mistake:
Wrong: She doesn’t likes chocolate.
✅ Correct: She doesn’t like chocolate.

C) Questions (‫)األسئلة في المضارع البسيط‬

Structure:
👉 Do/Does + subject + base verb?

✅ Examples:

 Do you like ice cream?

 Does she work in an office?
 Do they go to school every day?
🔹 Short Answers:

 Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

 Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

❌ Common Mistake:
Wrong: Does she likes pizza?
✅ Correct: Does she like pizza?

3. When Do We Use the Present Simple?

A) General Truths and Facts (‫)حقائق عامة وحقائق علمية‬

📌 Use the Present Simple for things that are always true.
✅ Examples:

 The sun sets in the west.

 Water boils at 100°C.
 A year has 12 months.

B) Habits and Routines (‫)العادات والروتين اليومي‬

📌 Use the Present Simple for repeated actions.

✅ Examples:

 I brush my teeth every morning.

 He plays football on weekends.
 We take the bus to work.

🔹 Adverbs of Frequency (‫)ظروف التكرار‬:

Word Meaning Example Sentence

Always ‫ًا‬ ‫دائم‬ She always eats breakfast.
Usually ‫عادًة‬ I usually go to bed early.
Often ‫ًا‬ ‫غالب‬ They often visit their grandparents.
‫ًا‬
Sometimes ‫أحيان‬ We sometimes eat out.
Rarely ‫ًا‬‫نادر‬ He rarely watches TV.
Never ‫أبدًا‬ She never drinks coffee.

🔹 Position of Adverbs of Frequency:

 Before the main verb: She always eats healthy food.

 After "be" verb: He is always late.
C) Permanent Situations (‫)أوضاع دائمة‬

📌 Use the Present Simple for things that don’t change.

✅ Examples:

 She lives in Canada.

 He works as a teacher.
 They have a big house.

D) Fixed Schedules (‫)الجداول الزمنية المحددة‬

📌 Use the Present Simple for timetables (buses, trains, flights, school schedules).
✅ Examples:

 The train leaves at 7 AM.

 My class starts at 9 o’clock.
 The movie begins at 8 PM.

E) Feelings, Emotions, and Opinions (‫)المشاعر واآلراء‬

📌 Some verbs never take "-ing" in the Present Simple.

✅ Examples:

 I love ice cream.

 She hates spiders.
 They need help.

🔹 State Verbs (Non-Action Verbs) in Present Simple:

Verb Example Sentence

Love I love chocolate.
Like He likes football.
Hate She hates rainy days.
Want I want a cup of coffee.
Need They need a new car.
 Verb Example Sentence
Believe We believe in honesty.
Know She knows the answer.
Think (opinion) I think it’s a great idea.

❌ Common Mistake:
Wrong: I am loving pizza.
✅ Correct: I love pizza.

4. More Examples in Context

💬 Conversation Example:
👩: What do you do every morning?
👦: I wake up at 6 AM, brush my teeth, and have breakfast.
👩: Do you drink coffee?
👦: No, I prefer tea.

📖 Short Story Example:

Sarah lives in New York. She works in a school. Every day, she wakes up at 7 AM and drinks
coffee. She teaches English to students. In the evening, she reads books and watches TV. On
weekends, she visits her parents.

5. Study Worksheet (Practice Exercises)

A) Complete the sentences with the correct verb form:

1. My sister __________ (wake) up at 7 AM.

2. He __________ (not like) spicy food.
3. __________ you __________ (watch) TV every night?
4. Water __________ (boil) at 100°C.
5. The train __________ (leave) at 9 AM.

B) Choose the correct word:

1. She (go/goes) to school by bus.

2. They (don’t/doesn’t) work on Sundays.
3. __________ your friend (play/plays) football?
4. My father (work/works) in a hospital.
5. The sun (rise/rises) in the east.

C) Correct the mistakes:

 1. She don’t like coffee. → __________
2. Does he likes pizza? → __________
3. I watches TV every day. → __________

Present Simple Tense & "Verb To Be"

(Am/Is/Are) – Detailed Explanation

1. Present Simple Tense – Quick Review

The Present Simple tense is used for:
✔ General facts and universal truths.
✔ Daily habits and routines.
✔ Fixed schedules (e.g., buses, trains, work shifts).
✔ Permanent situations.
✔ Emotions and opinions.

2. Verb "To Be" in the Present Simple Tense

The verb "to be" is irregular and does not follow normal verb rules. It changes based on the
subject:

Forms of "To Be" in Present Simple

Subject Verb "To Be" Example

I am I am a student.
He is He is a doctor.
She is She is happy.
It is It is cold today.
You are You are my friend.
We are We are students.
They are They are at school.

3. Sentence Structures with "To Be"

A) Affirmative Sentences (‫)الجمل المثبتة‬
✅ Structure:
👉 Subject + am/is/are + complement

✅ Examples:

 I am a teacher.
 She is 20 years old.
 We are students.
 He is my brother.
 The sky is blue.

B) Negative Sentences (‫)الجمل المنفية‬

✅ Structure:
👉 Subject + am/is/are + not + complement

✅ Examples:

 I am not tired.
 He is not (isn’t) my brother.
 They are not (aren’t) at home.
 It is not a big problem.

🔹 Contractions (‫)اختصارات النفي‬:

 I am not = I’m not

 He is not = He isn’t
 She is not = She isn’t
 It is not = It isn’t
 We are not = We aren’t
 You are not = You aren’t
 They are not = They aren’t

❌ Common Mistake:
Wrong: He not is here.
✅ Correct: He is not here.

C) Questions (‫" األسئلة باستخدام‬To Be")

✅ Structure:
👉 Am/Is/Are + subject + complement?
✅ Examples:

 Are you a student? → Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.

 Is she from Spain? → Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
 Are they teachers? → Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
 Is it cold today? → Yes, it is.

🔹 Short Answers:

Question Affirmative Answer Negative Answer

Are you happy? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
Are they at home? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

4. When Do We Use "To Be" in Present Simple?

A) Describing People & Things (‫)الوصف‬

📌 Used to describe personality, appearance, and characteristics.

✅ Examples:

 She is tall.
 He is very kind.
 The book is interesting.
 They are good students.

B) Talking About Nationalities & Jobs (‫)الجنسية والوظيفة‬

📌 Used to say where someone is from or what they do.

✅ Examples:

 I am Egyptian.
 He is a doctor.
 She is a lawyer.
 They are engineers.

C) Talking About Feelings & Conditions (‫)المشاعر والحاالت‬

📌 Used to express emotions, health, or conditions.

✅ Examples:

 I am happy today.
 She is tired.
 We are excited for the trip.
 They are hungry.

D) Talking About Location (‫)الموقع‬

📌 Used to say where something or someone is.

✅ Examples:

 The book is on the table.

 They are at school.
 My house is near the park.
 He is in the office.

5. Words to Memorize
A) Common Adjectives (‫)الصفات الشائعة‬

Arabic (
English
‫)العربية‬
Happy ‫سعيد‬
Sad ‫حزين‬
Tired ‫متعب‬
Angry ‫غاضب‬
Cold ‫بارد‬
Hot ‫حار‬
Hungry ‫جائع‬
Full ‫شبعان‬
Big ‫كبير‬
 Arabic (
English
‫)العربية‬
Small ‫صغير‬
Beautiful ‫جميل‬
Strong ‫قوي‬
Weak ‫ضعيف‬
Interesting ‫ شيق‬/ ‫ممتع‬
Boring ‫ممل‬

B) Common Places (‫)األماكن الشائعة‬

Arabic (
English
‫)العربية‬
School ‫مدرسة‬
Home ‫منزل‬
Office ‫مكتب‬
Park ‫حديقة‬
Hospital ‫مستشفى‬
Market ‫سوق‬
Bank ‫بنك‬
Airport ‫مطار‬
Restaurant ‫مطعم‬
Beach ‫شاطئ‬

6. Study Worksheet (Practice Exercises)

A) Complete the sentences with "am," "is," or "are":

1. She ______ a teacher.

2. I ______ from Saudi Arabia.
3. They ______ very happy today.
4. He ______ my brother.
5. We ______ in the park now.

B) Make the sentences negative:

1. She is a doctor. → __________

2. They are friends. → __________
3. I am tired. → __________

C) Make questions:
1. You are a student. → __________?
2. He is from France. → __________?
3. They are at home. → __________?