\documentclass[10pt]{book}

% Packages

\usepackage[a4paper,margin=.65in]{geometry} % Set page size and margins

\usepackage{hyperref} % For clickable links in TOC

\usepackage{graphicx} % For including images

\usepackage{lipsum} % For dummy text

\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb, amsthm} % Enables math environments

\usepackage{listings}

\usepackage{xcolor}

\usepackage{multicol}

%For theorem style

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[chapter]

\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}

\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}

\newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}

% Document Start

\begin{document}

% Title Page

\title{ LaTex Typesetting For Beginnners}

%\vspace{15cm}

\author{Dr. Vikram Singh}

\date{\today}

\maketitle

% Table of Contents

\tableofcontents
\newpage

\chapter{Introduction}

\section{Significance of LaTex for Science and Engineering Students}

LaTeX is highly significant for science and engineering students due to its ability to
produce high-quality documents, especially those containing complex mathematical
expressions, technical figures, and structured content. Here are the key reasons why
LaTeX is essential:

\begin{enumerate}

\item Superior Mathematical Typesetting

\begin{itemize}

\item LaTeX provides professional-quality rendering of equations, which is crucial for

scientific and engineering papers, reports, and theses.

\item It supports inline and display-mode equations with various formatting options.

\end{itemize}

\item Automatic Formatting $\&$ Referencing

\begin{itemize}

\item Ensures consistent formatting of documents according to academic or journal

guidelines.

\item Automatically generates tables of contents, lists of figures/tables, and

bibliographies.

\item Handles cross-referencing (equations, figures, sections) eciciently.

\end{itemize}

\item Integration with Bibliographic Tools

\begin{itemize}

\item Works seamlessly with BibTeX and Biber for managing references.

\item Supports citation styles required by academic journals and conferences.

\end{itemize}

\item Professional Report $\&$ Thesis Writing

\begin{itemize}

\item Used widely for writing research papers, dissertations, and technical reports.

\item Provides structured document preparation with well-defined sections,

subsections, and appendices.

\end{itemize}

\item Support for Scientific Diagrams and Figures

\begin{itemize}

\item Allows embedding of high-quality vector graphics (TikZ, PGFPlots) for scientific
diagrams.

\item Works well with external tools like MATLAB, Python, and R for including plots and
computational results.

\end{itemize}

\item Multi-platform and Open Source

\begin{itemize}

\item Free to use and available on Windows, macOS, and Linux.

\item Documents are written in plain text, making them future-proof and version-
controllable (e.g., using Git).

\end{itemize}

\item Handling of Large Documents

\begin{itemize}

\item Unlike word processors, LaTeX can eciciently manage large documents (e.g.,
books, theses) without lagging.

\item Allows modular document creation using \verb|\include| and \verb|\input| for
structured organization.

\end{itemize}

\item Industry and Academia Adoption

\begin{itemize}

\item LaTeX is the preferred choice for academic journals, making it an essential skill
for publishing research.

\item Many universities require LaTeX for thesis submission.

\end{itemize}

\end{enumerate}

%Conclusion

For science and engineering students, LaTeX is an indispensable tool that enhances
productivity, ensures high-quality document formatting, and simplifies the handling of
complex scientific content. Learning LaTeX early can provide a strong advantage in
research, coursework, and professional careers.

\section{Curriculum of Delhi University}

\subsection{Credit Distribution and Eligibility}

\begin{table}[h]

\centering

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}

\hline

\textbf{Course Title} & \textbf{Credits} & \textbf{Credit Distribution} &

\textbf{Eligibility Criteria}\\

\hline

LaTeX Typesetting for Beginners & 2 & Lecture: 0, Tutorial: 0, Practical: 2& Class XII \\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\caption{Credit Distribution and Eligibility}

\label{tab:simple_table}

\end{table}

\subsection{Learning Objectives}

The objective of this course is to introduce:

\begin{itemize}

\item LaTeX, a high-quality open-source typesetting software that produces

professional prints and PDF files for research articles and books in all subjects, and
language

\item Typesetting in Indian languages using LaTeX by transliteration and ITRANS

package
\end{itemize}

\subsection{Learning Outcomes}

After completion of the course, the learner will be able to:

\begin{itemize}

\item Prepare a LaTeX document with a title page including contents, references, and
index.

\item Understand the Indian language transliteration package (ITRANS-processor) for

typesetting Sanskrit, Hindi, Punjabi, Malayalam, etc. using LaTeX.

\end{itemize}

\subsection{Syllabus}

\begin{description}

\item[UNIT-I] \textbf{Getting Started with LaTeX}\\

Installing and using LaTeX for creating a first LaTeX document; Formatting text and
understanding LaTeX commands and environments; Designing pages, Creating a book
with chapters and table of contents, Creating and customizing lists, Including images,
and creating tables with captions.

\item[ UNIT-II:] \textbf{Cross-References, Index, Bibliography and Large Documents}\\

Setting labels and references, Hyperlinks; Customizing the table of contents,

Generating an index, Creating a bibliography; Writing basic math formulas and
equations; Developing large documents by splitting the input and creating front/back
matter.

\item[UNIT-III:] \textbf{Cross-References, Index, Bibliography and Large Documents}\\

Transliteration of symbols with illustrative examples of the Indian languages, such as

Sanskrit, Hindi (Devanagari), Punjabi, and Malayalam; Creation of the transliterated
document for typesetting in Devanagari (for Sanskrit, Hindi, and Marathi), Gurumukhi
(for Punjabi), and Rachana (for Malayalam); ITRANS pre-processor package to convert
English-encoded text into various Indian language script such as Gujarati, Bengali,
Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, etc.

\end{description}
\chapter{Getting Started with LaTex}

\section{Installing and using LaTeX for creating a first LaTeX document}

\subsection{How to Install LaTeX}

To install LaTeX on your system, follow these steps based on your operating system.

\begin{enumerate}

\item {\color{blue}Choose a LaTeX Distribution}\\

A LaTeX distribution includes all the necessary packages and tools for compiling LaTeX
documents.\\

Windows: MiKTeX\\

Mac: MacTeX\\

Linux: TeX Live

\textbf{Installation Instructions}\\

\textbf{Windows (MiKTeX)}\\

Download MiKTeX from MiKTeX Download Page.

Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions.

Choose``Install missing packages automatically" (recommended).

Restart your computer after installation.

\textbf{Mac (MacTeX)}\\

Download MacTeX from MacTeX Ocicial Page.

Open the .pkg file and install it.

After installation, LaTeX editors like TeXShop will be available.

\item {\color{blue}Install a LaTeX Editor (Optional)}\\

While you can write LaTeX in any text editor, using a dedicated LaTeX editor enhances
your workflow.

\begin{table}[h]

\centering

\caption{Platforms and respective LaTex editor}

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}

\hline

\textbf{Editor} & \textbf{Platform} & \textbf{Features} \\

\hline

TeXworks &Windows, Mac, Linux& Simple interface, comes with MiKTeX \\

\hline

TeXShop& Mac &Default editor in MacTeX\\

\hline

Overleaf& Web-based& No installation needed, collaborative features\\

\hline

Texmaker &Windows, Mac, Linux& Integrated PDF viewer, syntax highlighting\\

\hline

LyX &Windows, Mac, Linux& GUI-based, ideal for beginners\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\label{latex}

\end{table}

\end{enumerate}

\subsection{Create a simple LaTeX document (test.tex) using a text editor}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\begin{itemize}

\item Basic Sample\\

\begin{verbatim}

\documentclass{article} % Defines the document type (article, report, book, etc.)

\begin{document} % Start of the document

Hello, World!

\end{document}

\end{verbatim}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Then, compile it using: pdflatex test.tex. This should generate a test.pdf file.

\item LaTeX document with sections and lists

\begin{verbatim}

\documentclass{article} % Defines the document type (article, report, book, etc.)

\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb, amsthm} % Enables math environments

\begin{document} % Start of the document

\title{My First LaTeX Document} % Document title

\author{John Doe} % Author name

\date{March 2, 2025} % Date

\maketitle % Generates the title page

\section{Introduction} % Creates a section heading

This is my first document written in \LaTeX. It demonstrates basic document structure

and commands.

\subsection{Basic Formatting} % Creates a subsection heading

You can make text \textbf{bold}, \textit{italic}, or \underline{underlined}.

\subsection{Lists} % Demonstrating lists

Here is an example of an itemized list:

\begin{itemize}

\item First item

\item Second item

\item Third item

\end{itemize}

And an example of a numbered list:

\begin{enumerate}

\item First item

\item Second item

\item Third item

\end{enumerate}

Here is an example of a description list:

\begin{description}
\item[ ]

\item[ ]

\item[ ]

\end{description}

\subsection{Mathematics} % Writing mathematical expressions

Inline math: $E = mc^2$

Displayed equation:

\begin{equation}

a^2 + b^2 = c^2

\end{equation}

\end{document} % End of the document

\end{verbatim}

\end{itemize}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\section{Formatting text and understanding LaTeX commands and environments}

\subsection{Formatting Text in LaTeX}

You can modify the appearance of text using the following commands:

\begin{itemize}

\item Bold text: \verb|\textbf{This is bold}| $\rightarrow$ \textbf{This is bold}

\item Italic text: \verb|\textit{This is italic}| $\rightarrow$ \textit{This is italic}

\item Underlined text: \verb|\underline{This is underlined}| $\rightarrow$

\underline{This is underlined}

\item Typewriter font: \verb|\texttt{This is monospaced text}| $\rightarrow$ \texttt{This

is monospaced text}

\item Small caps: \verb|\textsc{This is small caps}| $\rightarrow$ \textsc{This is small

caps}

\item Colored text (if using \verb|\usepackage{xcolor}|): \verb|\textcolor{red}{This is

red text}| $\rightarrow$ \textcolor{red}{This is red text}.
\end{itemize}

\subsection{LaTeX commands and Environments}

LaTeX is a typesetting system that uses commands and environments to format

documents eciciently. Here’s a breakdown of both concepts:

\begin{enumerate}

\item LaTeX Commands\\

Commands in LaTeX begin with a backslash \verb|(\)| followed by the command name.
They are used for text formatting, inserting symbols, and structuring a document.\\

Types of Commands

\begin{description}

\item[A.] Commands Without Arguments\\

These commands work independently and don’t require extra information.\\

\verb|\LaTeX % Displays "LaTeX" in proper formatting|\\

\verb|\newpage % Starts a new page|\\

\verb|\maketitle % Generates the title section|

\item[B.] Commands With Arguments

Some commands require arguments enclosed in curly braces \verb|{}|\\

\verb|\textbf{Bold Text} % Makes text bold|\\

\verb|\textit{Italicized Text} % Makes text italic|\\

\verb|\underline{Underlined Text} % Underlines text|

\item[C.] Commands With Optional Arguments\\

Some commands allow optional parameters inside square brackets [] before the
required argument {}.

\verb|\documentclass[12pt]{article} % Uses 12pt font size in article format|

\item[D.] Special Commands

\verb|\usepackage{package_name}|– Loads a package (e.g., amsmath for advanced

math features).\\

\verb|\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.5}|– Changes line spacing.\\

\verb|\includegraphics{image.jpg}| – Inserts an image (requires graphicx package).

\end{description}

\item LaTeX Environments\\

Environments are enclosed between \verb|\begin{...}| and \verb|\end{...}|. They

structure the document by grouping related content.\\

Common Environments

\begin{description}

\item[A.] Document Structure

\begin{verbatim}

\begin{document}

This is the main content of the document.

\end{document}

\end{verbatim}

\item[B.] List\\

\begin{itemize}

\item Unordered (Bullet) List

\begin{verbatim}

\begin{itemize}

\item First item

\item Second item

\end{itemize}

\end{verbatim}

\item Ordered (Numbered) List

\begin{verbatim}

\begin{enumerate}

\item First item

\item Second item

\end{enumerate}
\end{verbatim}

\item Inline Math Mode: \verb|$E=mc^2$| gives $ E=mc^2$ and equations

\begin{verbatim}

\begin{equation}\label{ }

x^2+y^2=a^2

\end{equation}

\end{verbatim}

\item Figures

\begin{verbatim}

\begin{figure}

\centering

\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{image.jpg}

\caption{An example figure}

\label{fig:example}

\end{figure}

\end{verbatim}

\end{itemize}

\end{description}

\item Dicerence Between Commands and Environments is explained in the

Table~\ref{latex1}

\begin{table}[h]

\centering

\caption{Platforms and respective LaTex editor}

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}

\hline

\textbf{Feature} & \textbf{Commands} (\verb|\command|) & \textbf{Environments}

(\verb|\begin{}...\end{}|) \\

\hline

Usage& Used for short formatting or actions & Used for structuring content \\
 \hline

Format & Starts with \verb|\command| & Uses \verb|\begin{...}...\end{...}|\\

\hline

Example& \verb|\textbf{Bold}| & \verb|\begin{itemize}...\end{itemize}|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\label{latex1}

\end{table}

\end{enumerate}
\section{Designing pages}

When designing pages in LaTeX, you can control various aspects like page size, margins,
headers, footers, and layout customisation. This guide will introduce essential
commands and environments for structuring your pages.

\begin{enumerate}

\item Page Layout Basics\\

\begin{itemize}

\item Setting the Document Class\\

\verb|\documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{article}|

\item Common Document Classes

\begin{table}[h]

\centering

\caption{Document Classes Applications}

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}

\hline

\textbf{Document Class} & \textbf{Purpose} \\

\hline

article & Used for short documents, papers, or reports\\

report & Suitable for long documents with multiple chapters\\

book &Used for writing books\\

letter & Formats a letter\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\label{docclass}

\end{table}
\end{itemize}

\item Setting Page Size and Margins

\begin{itemize}

\item Default Margins\\

LaTeX has standard margins, but you can adjust them using the geometry package.\\

\verb|\usepackage[a4paper, margin=1in]{geometry} % 1-inch margin on all sides|

\item Customizing Margins\\

\verb|\usepackage[left=1in, right=1.5in, top=1in, bottom=1.5in]{geometry}|

\end{itemize}

\item Page Headers and Footers

\begin{itemize}

\item Load the Package

\begin{verbatim}

\usepackage{fancyhdr}

\pagestyle{fancy}

\end{verbatim}

\item Customizing Headers and Footers

\begin{verbatim}

\fancyhf{} % Clears default settings

\fancyhead[L]{Left Header} % Left header

\fancyhead[C]{Center Header} % Center header

\fancyhead[R]{Right Header} % Right header

\fancyfoot[L]{Left Footer} % Left footer

\fancyfoot[C]{Page \thepage} % Page number in center

\fancyfoot[R]{Right Footer} % Right footer

\end{verbatim}

\item Note: Use \verb|\pagestyle{empty}| to remove headers and footers.

\end{itemize}
 \item Page Numbering

\begin{itemize}

\item Default Page Numbering: Automatically included at the bottom center.

\item Change Position: Using fancyhdr as shown above.

\item Remove Page Numbering:

\verb|\pagenumbering{gobble}|

\item Restart Numbering at Any Page:\\

\verb|\pagenumbering{arabic} % Start from 1 in Arabic numerals|\\

\verb|\pagenumbering{roman} % Use Roman numerals (i, ii, iii)|

\end{itemize}

\item Multi-Column Layout \\

\begin{itemize}

\item Multi-Column Layout\\

\verb|\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}|\\

\item Or use the multicol package:\\

\begin{verbatim}

\usepackage{multicol}

\begin{multicols}{2}

This text appears in two columns.

\end{multicols}

\end{verbatim}

For example

\begin{multicols}{2}

This text appears in two columns.

\end{multicols}

\end{itemize}

\item Line Spacing and Indentation

\begin{itemize}
\item Change Line Spacing: (Using setspace package)

\begin{verbatim}

\usepackage{setspace}

\onehalfspacing % 1.5 spacing

\doublespacing % Double spacing

\end{verbatim}

\item Remove Paragraph Indentation:

\verb|\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}|

\end{itemize}

\item Page Breaks and Layout Control

\begin{itemize}

\item Force a New Page\\

\verb|\newpage|

\item Prevent Page Break in a Section

\begin{verbatim}

\usepackage{setspace}

\begin{samepage}

Content that should not break.

\end{samepage}

\end{verbatim}

\end{itemize}

\end{enumerate}

%6. Line Spacing and Indentation

%Change Line Spacing: (Using setspace package)

%\usepackage{setspace}

%\onehalfspacing % 1.5 spacing

%\doublespacing % Double spacing

%Remove Paragraph Indentation:

%\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}

%7. Page Breaks and Layout Control

%Force a New Page:

%\newpage

%Prevent Page Break in a Section:

%\begin{samepage}

%Content that should not break.

%\end{samepage}
\section{Creating a book with chapters and table of contents}

\section{Creating and customising lists}

\section{Including images, and creating tables with captions}.

\chapter{Cross-References, Index, Bibliography and Large Documents}

\section{Setting labels and references, Hyperlinks}

\section{Customizing the table of contents, Generating an index, Creating a

bibliography}

\section{Writing basic math formulas and equations}

\section{Developing large documents by splitting the input and creating front/back

matter}.

\chapter{Typesetting in Indian Languages using LaTex}

\section{Transliteration of symbols with illustrative examples of the Indian languages,

such as Sanskrit, Hindi (Devanagari), Punjabi, and Malayalam}

\section{ Creation of the transliterated document for typesetting in Devanagari (for

Sanskrit, Hindi, and Marathi), Gurumukhi (for Punjabi), and Rachana (for Malayalam)}
\section{ ITRANS pre-processor package to convert English-encoded text into various
Indian language scripts such as Gujarati, Bengali, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, etc}.

Summarize the key points and findings of the book.

% Bibliography

\chapter*{References}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{References}

\end{document}