10.

(d) To convert 2230 to radians:

Convert to Decimal Degrees
1. (c) Option (c) is incorrect. It should be:
30
C  x  180 

2230  22   22.5
x   60
  
2. (d) Option (d) is incorrect. It should be s  r , Convert to Radians Since 1   radians,
180
where s is the arc length and  is the angle in
 22.5 
1 22.5   
radians. The expression   does not hold. 180 180 8
r
So correct option is (d).
3. (b) The wheel makes 60 revolutions per minute, or
120 radians per minute. Dividing by 60 gives 2 7
11. (b) To convert radians to degrees, use the
radians per second. 6
 180
4. (c) A rotation of  moves the point to the negative conversion formula: 1 radian 
2 
y -axis. Thus, the corresponding point is (0, 1) .
7 180 7  180 1260
    210
5. (c) On the unit circle, (a, b)  (cos x,sin x) . 6  6 6
Statements (1) sin x  b and (2) cos x  a are So correct option is (b).
correct. Statement (3) is false since cos( x)  cos x , 12. (b) To convert –4 radians to degrees, use the
not a . 180
6. (c) One complete revolution corresponds to an angle conversion formula: 1 radian 

of 2 radians.
180 720
7. (a) 1 radian is approximately equal to 57.3 . 4    229.18
 
8. (d) To convert 4020 ' to radians in terms of  :
So correct option is (b).
20 13. (b)1 degree is approximately equal to
40 20  40   40.3333
60

1  radians  0.01745 radians
 40.3333 121 180
40.3333   
180 180 540
14. (a) To convert 45 to radians, use the formula:
So correct option is (d).
9. (a) To convert 6 radians to degrees, use the 
Radians  Degrees 
conversion formula: 180

180  
1 radian  45  
 180 4

180 1080 
6 radians    343.77 Thus, 45 in radians is .
  4
So correct option is (a).
 8.2 Trigonometric Functions

7 4
15. (b) To convert radians to degrees: 22. (b) Given sin x   in the third quadrant, we use:
6 5

180 1 1 5
1 radian  csc x     . So correct option is (b).
 sin x  4 4
5

7 180 7  180 1260 3

    210 23. (d) Given cot x  in the third quadrant, we find
6  6 6 4
So correct option is (b). cos x .
Using 1  tan 2 x  sec2 x , we get:
y 4 4
16. (c) sin( )   
r 2
3  (4) 2 5 4 5 1 3
tan x  , sec x   , cos x  
3 3 sec x 5
1 So correct option is (d).
17. (c) sec   is incorrect since cos  2 is not
2
possible. So correct option is (c). 5
24. (b) Given cot x  in the second quadrant:
12
 
18. (d) Incorrect: (d) cos    1 (Correct value: 0). 5 1 13
2 cos x   , sec x  
All other options are correct. 13 cos x 5
19. (d) Correct option is (d) cos function in the 1st So correct option is (b).
quadrant decreases from 1 to 0 is incorrect. So, 4
cos function in the 1st quadrant decreases, not 25. (b) Given tan    , use:
3
increases.
5
3 1  tan 2   sec 2   sec  
20. (a) Given cos x   in the third quadrant, use: 3
5

9 16 4 3 4
sin 2 x  1  cos2 x  1   sin x   cos   , sin   tan   cos   
25 25 5 5 5

4 4
( since sin x is negative in Q3 )  26. (b) Given x   on the unit circle, use x 2  y 2  1 :
5 5
So correct option is (a).
2
 4 2 2 9 3
3    y 1 y   y
21. (a) Given cos x   in the third quadrant, we found  5 25 5
5
3
4 Since the point is in the 3rd quadrant, y   .
that sin x   . 5
5
Now, 27. (c) To find sin 765 , reduce it within the standard
0 to 360 range:
4

sin x 5 4 765  360  2  765  720  45
using tan x  : tan x  
cos x 3 3
 2 2
5  

Since sin 45 
2
, we get: sin 765 
2
So correct option is (a).
 Trigonometric Functions 8.3

28. (b) 39. (c) The domain of sec( x) is:

 31   31    3 
sin    sin   10   sin    x  R, x   n , n  Z
 3   3  3 2 2
29. (a) If sin x  0 , then x must be at angles where 40. (c) Since the graph passes through (0,1) and
the sine function is zero. These occur at: ( , 1) , it represents the secant function
x  n , n  Z f ( x)  sec( x) .
i. e., x  0,  , 2 ,3 ,  (multiples of  ).
41. (c) The range of csc( x) is:
30. (c) If cos x  0 , then x must be at angles where the (, 1]  [1, )
cosine function is zero. These occur at:
42. (b) The domain of csc( x) is:

x  n , n  Z
2 x  R, x  n , n  Z

 3 5  tan A  tan B
i. e., x  , , , odd multiples of . 43. (d) tan( A  B) 
2 2 2 2  1  tan A tan B

31. (d) The range of sin( x) is: 1 1

Substituting tan A  , tan B  :
2 3
1  sin( x)  1
32. (a) The domain of f ( x)  sin( x) is: 1 1

x  ( , ) (since sine is defined for all real tan( A  B)  2 3  1
1 1
numbers). 1   
 2 3
33. (a) The domain of f ( x)  cos( x) is:
Thus
x  ( , ) (since cosine is defined for all real

numbers). A B 
4
34. (b) Since the graph passes through (0,1) , it
44. (c) Since cos( x)  cos x , given cos( x)  0.34 ,
represents the cosine function:
we get: cos x  0.34
f ( x)  cos( x)
45. (b) Using the identity cos(2 x)  2 cos 2 x  1 , and
35. (c) The domain of f ( x)  tan( x) is:
4
 given cos x  :
x  R, x   n , n  Z 5
2
16 32 25 7
 cos(2 x )  2  1   
(since tangent is undefined at odd multiples of ). 25 25 25 25
2
46. (d) Using the identity sin(2 x)  2sin x cos x and
36. (a) The range of tan( x) is: (, )
3 4
(since tangent can take all real values). given sin x  , we find cos x  .
5 5
37. (c) Since the graph passes through
( / 4,1),( / 2,0) , and ( / 2,0) , it represents the 3 4 24
sin(2 x)  2   
tangent function f ( x)  tan( x) . 5 5 25
47. (b) Using the even property of the cosine function:
38. (c) The range of sec( x) is:
cos(  x)  cos x
(, 1]  [1, )
 8.4 Trigonometric Functions

48. (d) Using the co-function identity: Reason: True since

cos(2   / 3)  cos(5 / 3)  1 / 2 .
 
sin   x   cos x Answer: (B) Both are true, but Reason is not the
2 
correct explanation.
49. (c) Using the trigonometric identity:
58. (a) Both statements are correct, but Statement II
cos(  x)   cos x does not explain Statement I.
50. (a) Using the trigonometric identity: 59. (a) Statement II (Identity):
cos x cos y  sin x sin y  cos( x  y ) (True)
 3 
cos   x   sin x Statement I:
 2 
51. (a) We use the periodicity property of the cotangent      1
sin sin  cos cos  cos 
function: 3 12 3 12 4 2
cot(2  x)  cot x (True, follows from Statement II).
Thus, Statement I is a direct application of
6 2
52. (b) sin15  sin  45  30   Statement II, making Statement II the correct
  

4 explanation.
53. (c) Using the half-angle identity: 60. (d) Neither statement is true.

 1
1  cos 1
 4  2  2 1 4π
tan  240 4
8  1 1. ( ) 240   radians
sin 3 180 3
4 2
5π  225 5
 2. ( ) 225   radians
4 180 4
Final Answer: tan  2 1
8
1 1
) 1  sin  45   cos  45  
2  2 
 3. (
 cos  45  30  2 2
54. (a) cos
12
4. (1) sec 2 30  tan 2 30  1
Using the identity:
(Using the identity sec 2 x  tan 2 x  1 ).
cos( A  B )  cos A cos B  sin A sin B
5. (0.34) cos( t )  cos(t )

6 2 3 1
cos   Since cos( t )  0.34 , it follows that cos(t )  0.34
12 4 2 2
sin x 1
55. (b) Using sin( A  B )  sin A cos B  cos A sin B 6. ( 3 ) tan x   3, for cos x   , in 3 rd
cos x 2
 6 2 quadrant.
sin  sin  45  30  
12 4
3 sin  28   sin  4 
7. (- )    
 6 2 2  3   3 
Final Answer: sin 
12 4
   3
56. (c) Assertion is true since cos( x)  cos( x) .  sin       sin  
 3 3 2
Reason is false since cos(  x)   cos( x) .
( -cos(20°) ) cos 1280   cos  200    cos 20
  
8.
So, Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
57. (b) Assertion: True since 20  2 
9. (– 3 ) tan  
  tan  
sin(2   / 6)  sin( / 6)  1 / 2 .  3   3 
 Trigonometric Functions 8.5

 6  2  12 radians
  tan  3
3 Final Answer: 2π radian

3 sin   11   11   

10. ( )     sin   2. Given equal arc lengths and angles 60  and
2  3   3  3
5
 5    3 75  ,
  sin       sin   12
 3   3 2
1 5
r1   r2 
 15    3 12
11. (1) cot     cot    1
 4  4
r1 5
12. (1) If y  cos( x) , then the maximum value is: Solving, r  4 , so the ratio is 5:4.
2

max y  1 3. Using L  r , with r  1.5 cm and

13. (0) cos1 cos 2 cos3 cos179  0 40 4 4
  2  L  1.5   2π cm
(Since cos90  0 , the entire product becomes
 60 3 3
zero.) 4. The angle in radians is given by:
5 s
14. ( - ) Using the double-angle formula:  Substituting
12 r
2 tan x s  21cm and r  75 cm , we get:
tan(2 x) 
1  tan 2 x 21
  0.28 radians
Given tan x  5 : 75
2(5) 10 5 5. Given a circle with radius r  20 cm and chord
tan(2 x)   
1  25 24 12 length c  20 cm , the central angle is

5 7  c  
15. ( - ) Using the triple-angle formula:   2sin 1  
  60  radian
16  2r  3

sin(3t )  3sin t  4sin 3 t The minor arc length is

20
3 s  r   20.94 cm
Given cos t  ,sin t  0 , we find: 3
4
s
7 6. The angle in radians is given by   with
sin t   r
4
r  75 cm .
Substituting,
10
3 7 7 7 5 7 (i) s  10 cm,    0.1333 rad
sin(3t )     75
4 16 16
15
(ii) s  15 cm,    0.2 rad
75
1. Given 360 revolutions per minute, the wheel makes:
21
360 (iii) s  21cm,    0.28 rad
 6 revolutions per second 75
60
Since 1 revolution  2 radians, s 22
7.    0.22 radians
r 100
 8.6 Trigonometric Functions

180 180  7 6+ 2
   0.22   0.22   12.6° sin 75 
 22 4
180 22
8.    ,  14. Let x  2  2  2cos . Squaring both sides:
 7
x2  2  2  2cos
180  7 180  7
4   -229.1° , 6   343.6° ,
22 22 
Using cos   2cos 2  1 , we get:
2
11 180  7
  39.3°
16 22 
2  2cos  2cos
9. To convert 40 20 to radians: 2
2
2  
Convert to decimal degrees: Thus, x   2cos 
 2
20 Taking square roots:
40 20  40   40.3333
60 θ
Convert to radians: x  2cos
2
 40.3333 Hence, proven.
  40.3333    0.7038 rad
180 180 15. Using cos 2 x  2cos 2 x  1

10. Using periodicity  mod 360 :   cos 4 x  2cos 2 2 x  1
2
 2 
Substituting cos 2 2 x   2cos 2 x  1 ,
sin 765  sin 45 
2
cos 4 x  8cos 4 x  8cos 2 x  1
csc  1410   csc30  2 Since cos 2 x  1  sin 2 x ,

cos  1710   cos90  0 cos 4x  1 - 8sin 2 xcos 2 x

Thus, proven.
11. Using the difference of squares:

cos 4   sin 4    cos 2   sin 2   cos 2   sin 2  

Since cos 2   sin 2   1 , we get: 1. Using identities:

cos 4   sin 4   cos 2   sin 2   cos2θ  3 

cos   x   sin x, cos(2  x)  cos x
 2 
cos(  x) cos( x)  cos x  cos x
12. 
  sin x  ( sin x)  3 
sin(  x) cos   x  cot   x    tan x, cot(2  x)  cot x
 2   2 
cos 2 x Substituting,
  sin 2 x  cos 2 x
sin 2 x (sin x cos x)[ tan x  cot x]

 6- 2  sin x cos x 
13. sin15   (sin x cos x)    
4  cos x sin x 

tan15  2 - 3
 Trigonometric Functions 8.7

cos 2 x  sin 2 x sin x  sin 3x

 (sin x cos x)  4. (i)
cos x sin x cos x  cos3x

 cos 2 x  sin 2 x  1
Using sum-to-product formulas:
Hence proved. sin x  sin 3x  2sin 2 x cos x,
cos x  cos 3 x  2 cos 2 x cos x
 x y  x y
2cos  sin
sin x  sin y  2   2  2sin 2 x cos x sin 2 x
  tan2x
2. LHS  
cos x  cos y  x y  x y 2cos 2 x cos x cos 2 x
2cos   cos  
 2   2  sin 5 x  sin 3 x
(ii)
cos5 x  cos3x
 x- y
 tan   Using sum-to-product formulas
 2 
sin 5 x  sin 3 x  2sin 4 x cos x,
  cos 5 x  cos 3 x  2 cos 4 x cos x
tan   x  2
 4    1  tan x 
3. (i) Prove:   2sin 4 x cos x sin 4 x
  1  tan x 
tan   x     tan4x
4  2cos 4 x cos x cos 4 x
5. LHS  sin 3x  sin(2 x  x)
tan A  tan B
Using tan( A  B )  ,  sin 2 x  cos x  cos 2 x sin x
1  tan A tan B

  1  tan x   1 - tan x

 2sin x cos x cos x  1  2sin 2 x sin x 
tan   x   , tan   x  
4  1  tan x 4  1 + tan x  2sin x cos 2 x  sin x  2sin 3 x
Dividing gives the required result.
 
 2sin x 1  sin 2 x  sin x  2sin 3 x
(ii) Prove:
 2sin x  2sin 3 x  sin x  2sin 3 x
  
cos   x   cos   x   2 cos x
 4   4   3sin x  4sin 3 x  RHS

Using cos( A  B)  cos A cos B  sin A sin B , 2 tan 2 x

6. L.H.S  tan 2(2 x) 
1  tan 2 , 2 x
  2
cos   x   (cos x  sin x)
4  2  2 tan x   4 tan x 
2 2   2 
1  tan x  1  tan x 
  2    
2
cos   x   (cos x  sin x)  2 tan x   1  tan 2 x 2  4 tan 2 x 
 
4  2 1  2   
 1  tan x   2 

2
1  tan x 
 
   
cos   x   cos   x   2 cos x
4  4 


4 tan x 1  tan 2 x 
Adding both gives the result.
(iii) Show:
1  2 tan 2

x  tan x  4 tan 2 x
4

tan 3 x tan 2 x tan x  tan 3 x  tan 2 x  tan x



4 tan x 1  tan 2 x   R.H.S
Expanding using tangent identities verifies the 2 4
1  6 tan x  tan x
equality.
tan 3 x tan 2 x tan x  tan3 x - tan2 x - tanx 7. LHS= cos3 x  cos(2 x  x)
 cos 2 x cos x  sin 2 x sin x
 8.8 Trigonometric Functions

 
 2 cos 2 x  1 cos x  2sin x cos x sin x
sin
x 2 5

x
, cos 
5 x
, tan  2
2 5 2 5 2
  
 2cos 2 x  1 cos x  2cos x 1  cos 2 x 
1
3 3
2. Given sin x  in Quadrant II, we find:
 2cos x  cos x  2 cos x  2cos x 4
 4cos3 x  3cos x 15
cos x   1  sin 2 x  
tan 2 x  tan x 4
8. L.H .S  tan(2 x  x) 
1  tan 2 x  tan x Using half-angle formulas:

2 tan x x 1  cos x 4  15
 tan x sin  
tan 2 x  tan x 1  tan 2 x 2 2 8
 
1  tan 2 x tan x 1  2 tan x  tan x
1  tan 2 x x 1  cos x 4  15
cos  
2 2 8
3tan( x)  tan 3 x

1  3tan 2 x x sin x 1
tan  
2 1  cos x 4  15

9.
2
LHS   cos x  cos y    sin x  sin y 
2 Final values:

 cos 2 x  cos2 y  2cos x cos y  sin 2 x  x 4  15 x 4  15

sin  , cos  ,
2 8 2 8
sin 2 y  2sin x sin y
x 1
 1  1  2(cos x cos y  sin x sin y ) tan 
2 4  15
 x y
 2 1  cos( x  y )  4cos2   1
 2  3. Given cos x   in Quadrant II, we find:
3
2
 1
sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1  sin 2 x  1    
 3

4 1 8 2 2
1. Given that tan x   in Quadrant II, we find: 1  sin x  
3 9 9 3
Using half-angle identities:
4 3
sin x  , cos x  
5 5
Using half-angle formulas: x 1  cos x 2 x 1  cos x 1
sin   , cos  
2 2 3 2 2 3
x 1  cos x 2 5
sin  
2 2 5 x
sin
x 2
tan   2
x 1  cos x 5 2 cos x
cos  
2 2 5 2

x sin x Since x / 2 is in Quadrant II, all values are positive.

tan  2 Final answers:
2 1  cos x
Final values:
 Trigonometric Functions 8.9

x 2 x 1 x 1 12
sin  , cos  , tan  2 tan x  
2 3 2 3 2 cot x 5
Using 1  tan 2 x  sec 2 x
3
4. Given an x  in Quadrant II, (  x  3 / 2) we
4  12  169
2
13
1      sec x  
3 4  5 25 5
find: sin x   , cos x  
5 5
1
Using half-angle formulas: Since sec x  we get:
cos x
x 1  cos x 3 10
sin   5
2 2 10 cos x  
13
x 1  cos x 10 Using sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1
cos  
2 2 10
12 13
Sinx  , csc x 
x sin x 13 12
tan   3
2 1  cos x Final values:
Final values:
12 5 12
sin x  , cos x   , tan x  
x 3 10 x 10 x 13 13 5
sin  , cos  , tan  3
2 10 2 10 2
13 13
csc x  , sec x  
3 12 5
5. Given cos x   in Quadrant III, find other
5
3
trigonometric functions. 7. Given cot x  in Quadrant III, find other
4
Using the identity sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1 trigonometric functions.
9 16 4 1 4
sin 2 x  1    sin x   Since tan x  , we get: tan x 
25 25 5 cot x 3
Let sin x  4k and cos x  3k . Using
4
 sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1
sin x 4
tan x   5 n
cos x  3 3 1
5 16k 2  9k 2  1  k 
5
Reciprocal functions:
4 3
5 5 3 sin x   , cos x   n
csc x   , sec x   , cot x  5 5
4 3 4 Reciprocal functions:
Final values:
5 5 3
csc x   , sec x   , cot x 
4 3 4 4 3 4
sin x   , cos x   , tan x 
5 5 3
1
5 5 3 8. Given cos x   Quadrant III, we find:
csc x   , sec x   , cot x  2
4 3 4
3
5 sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1  sin 2 x 
6. Given cot x   in quadrant III 4
12
3 sin x
 sin x   , tan x   3,
2 cos x
 8.10 Trigonometric Functions

1 3 1 12
cot x   , sec x   2, 
tan x 3 cos x sin x 12
tan x   13  
cos x 5 5
1 2 3 13
csc x  
sin x 3
Final values: 1 5
cot x  
tan x 12
3 1
sin x   , cos x   , tan x  3, 1 13
2 2 csc x  
sin x 12
2 3 3
csc x   , sec x  2, cot x  .
3 3 12 5 12
sin x   , cos x  , tan x  
13 13 5
3
9. Given sin x  in Quadrant II, find other 13 13 5
5 csc x   , sec x  , cot x  
trigonometric functions. 12 5 12
11. We need to prove:
Using sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1:
cot 4 x(sin 5 x  sin 3x)  cot x(sin 5 x  sin 3 x)
2 9 16 4
cos x  1    cos x   tan x Rewriting in terms of sine and cosine:
25 25 5
cos 4 x cos x
sin x 3 (sin 5 x  sin 3x)  (sin 5 x  sin 3x)
tan  x    sin 4 x sin x
cos x 4
Using sum-to-product identities:
Reciprocal functions:
sin 5 x  sin 3 x  2sin 4 x cos x,
5 5 4
csc x  , sec x   , cot x   sin 5 x  sin 3 x  2cos 4 x sin x
3 4 3
Substituting these, we get
1
10. Since sec x  cos 4 x cos x
cos x  2sin 4 x cos x   2cos 4 x sin x
sin 4 x sin x
1 5 Simplifying both sides gives:
we get: cos x  
sec x 13
2 cos 4 x cos x  2 cos 4 x cos x
(Since x is in Quadrant IV, cos x is positive) which proves the identity.
Using 12. We need to prove:
2
5 sin 5 x  2sin 3 x  sin x
sin 2 x     1  tan x
 13  cos5 x  cos x
Using the identity:
2 144
sin x 
169 A B A B
cos A  cos B  2sin sin
2 2
12
sin x   (sin(x) is negative)
13 For A  5 x and B  x we get:
Since x is in Quadrant IV, cos x is negative cos5 x  cos x  2sin 3 x sin 2 x
Factoring the numerator using sum-to-product
12
sin x   formulas, we obtain:
13
sin 5 x  2sin 3 x  sin x  4sin 3 x sin 2 x
 Trigonometric Functions 8.11

Dividing by the denominator and simplifying:

x  5x x
2 2
2cos  sin  sin  .
4sin 3 x sin x 4sin x 2 2 2

2sin 3 x sin 2 x 4sin x cos x
A B A B
Using sin A  sin B  2cos sin we get:
sin x 2 2
  tan x
cos x
x 3x x 3x
Thus, the identity holds. 2cos  2cos sin x  4sin x cos cos
2 2 2 2
13. We need to prove:
Thus, the identity holds.
(sin 7 x  sin 5 x)  (sin 9 x  sin 3 x) 15. We need to prove:
 tan 6 x.
(cos 7 x  cos5 x)  (cos 9 x  cos3x)
x 9x 5x
Using the identity cos(2 x)cos  cos(3x)cos  sin(5 x)sin .
2 2 2
A B A B Using the identity
sin A  sin B  2sin cos we get:
2 2
1
cos A cos B  (cos( A  B)  cos( A  B))
sin 7 x  sin 5 x  2sin 6 x cos x, 2
sin 9 x  sin 3 x  2sin 6 x cos3 x. we expand:
Thus, the numerator becomes: x 1 3x 5x 
cos(2 x) cos   cos  cos 
2sin 6 x(cos x  cos3 x)  4sin 6 x cos 2 x cos x 2 2 2 2 
Similarly, using
9x 1  3x 15 x 
A B A B cos(3x)cos   cos  cos 
cos A  cos B  2cos cos 2 2 2 2 
2 2
Subtracting gives:
cos 7 x  cos 5 x  cos 9 x  cos 3 x
1 5x 15 x 
 4cos 6 x cos 2 x cos x  cos  cos 
2 2 2 
Taking the ratio:
4sin 6 x cos 2 x cos x sin 6 x A B A B
  tan 6 x Using cos A  cos B  2sin sin
4cos 6 x cos 2 x cos x cos 6 x 2 2
Thus, the identity holds. 5x 15 x 5x
cos  cos  2sin 5 x sin .
14. We need to prove: 2 2 2
x 3x Thus,
sin(3x)  sin(2 x)  sin( x)  4sin x cos cos .
2 2 1 5x 15 x  5x
Using the sum-to-product identity:  cos  cos   sin 5 x sin .
2 2 2  2
5x x Hence, the identity holds.
sin 3 x  sin 2 x  2sin cos
2 2 16. We want to prove:

x x     3
Rewriting sin x as 2sin cos we get: cos 2 ( x)  cos 2  x    cos 2  x   
2 2  3  3 2
5x x x x 1  cos(2 x )
2sin cos  2sin cos . 2
Using the identity cos ( x )  , we apply
2 2 2 2 2
it to each term:
x
Foctoring 2cos
2 1  cos(2 x)
cos 2 ( x)  ,
2
 8.12 Trigonometric Functions

 2  2cos3x cos x  cos3x

1  cos  2 x   
   3 , 2sin 3x cos x  sin 3x
cos 2  x   
 3 2
cos3x(2cos x  1)
  cot 3x  RHS
sin 3x(2cos x  1)
 2 
1  cos  2 x  
   3  18. sin 7 x  sin x  sin 5 x  sin 3 x
cos 2  x   
 3 2  2sin 4 x cos 3 x  2sin 4 x cos x
Adding these:  2sin 4 x[cos3 x  cos x]
 2sin 4 x[2cos 2 x cos x]
 2   2 
1  cos  2 x   1  cos  2 x    4sin 4 x cos x cos 2 x
1  cos(2 x)  3   3 ,
 19. We want to prove:
2 2 2
2 4 8 14 1
 2   2  cos cos cos cos 
3  cos(2 x)  cos  2 x    cos  2 x   15 15 15 15 16
 3   3 
 Using the identity cos(  x)   cos x , we rewrite:
2
Simplify the cosine terms using the sum-to-product 14 
cos   cos
identity: 15 15
 2   2  Thus, the given expression becomes:
cos  2 x    cos  2 x     cos(2 x)
 3   3  2 4 8   
 cos cos cos   cos 
Thus, the expression becomes: 15 15 15  15 

3  cos(2 x)  cos(2 x) 3 Using the identity:


2 2  2 4 8 1
 cos cos cos cos 
3 15 15 15 15 16
This completes the proof. . we multiply by -1 to get:
2

cos 4 x  cos 2 x  cos3x 2 4 8 14 1

17. cos cos cos cos 
sin 4 x  sin 2 x  sin 3x 15 15 15 15 16
Thus, the identity holds.
 4x  2x   4x  2x 
2cos   cos   cos3 x
 2   2 

 4x  2x   4x  2x 
2sin   cos    sin 3 x
 2   2 