Rural development= It is a process through collective efforts,aimed at improving the well-being and

self-realisation of people living outside the urbanisation area.

Need of rural development=rural development is concerned with development of rural areas,in a
variety of aspects,recieves special significance for several reasons:
1. In india , about 65% of the population still lives in villages.
2. Backwardness of rural areas can stall the progress of our nation and act as a major deterrent even
on the economic front.
3. Rural areas need to thrive for the overall progress of the Indian economy.
4. Reduction in rural migration to the cities,so that the city infrastructure will not be over burdened.
5. To develop the rural youth to be nation building endeavours,and thereby reap the benefits of
favourable demographic dividend.
6. To develop standard of living of rural masses.
7. To develop rural institutions like panchayat,co operatives,post,banking and credit provides.
8. To eradicate poverty in rural areas.
Objectives of rural development: Major objectives of rural development are as follows:
1. To develop farms, home, public service and village community.
2. To improve villagers with their own efforts.
3. To improve village communication.
4. To achieve enhanced production and the productivity in rural areas.
5. To bring about a greater socio-economic equity.
6. To bring about A spatial balance in social and economic development.
Scope of rural development: The scope of rural development as follows:
1. Basic needs: Provision of basic need such as electricity committing drinking water in adequate
quantities in rural areas is required.
2.technological: While taking a ‘digital India’ penetration of technology such as Internet to rural areas
will assume a great importance.
3.political sphere: It implies employees, enhancing the opportunities for the poor and low income
people in rural areas to if I totally and equally participate in the political processes add the village
levels.
4.public health: Rural areas have quite less number of hospitals compared to urban areas.Even,
healthcare facilities are not adequate.
5.employment: creation of employment opportunities in rural areas so as to boost demand and impact
livelihoods in positive manner.
6.credit: Banking system in rural area should be improved for people to have easy and hassle free
access to loans.
7.land reforms: This is a crucial areas, which when even implanted properly can lead to equitable
development in rural areas.
8.education: Quality educate can help in achieving the goal of eradication of social
skills.moreover,with Increasing literacy rates and the development of skills and expertise, Rural
Populace Will be in position to tap several employment and self employment opportunities.
DRDA: District rural development agency(DRDA) Is the principal organ at the district level to manage
and oversee the implementation of different anti poverty programmes of the ministry of rural
development.
Organizational structure of DRDA:1. Each district shall have its own district development
agency(DRDA).DRDA Will Ordinarily be a society registered under societies registration act. 2.The
staffing structure of district rural development agency(DRDA) must Include positions for planning for
poverty alleviation,project formalation, Social organization and capacity building, gender concern,
engineering supervision and the quality control, project monitoring, accountancy and audit functions as
well as evaluation and the impact studies. 3. The state government has the right to modify the structure
suitably, to take care of the needs of individual district with a view of their sizes as well as specificity.
However, the basic design should not be altered. Moreover, the changes must be made in accordance
with the overall ceiling of administrative costs admissible to drda in the state.
Where, DC cum chairman: District collector-cum-collector (district collector,in many cases,functions
as the chairman of the governing board).
CEO cum ADC: Chief executive officer cum additional district collector(sanctions funds and
implements projects)
X.En: executive engineer
D.D.P.O: District development and panchayat officer
Functions of DRDA: The functions of drda are enlisted as follows:-
1. Planning for effective implementation of the empowered tv programmes: The drda is visualised as
the specialized and professional agency it is believed to be capable of managing the anti poverty
programs of the ministry of rural development on the hand and to effectively relate these to the overall
effort of poverty eradication in the district.
2. Coordination with governmental and non governmental agencies: DRDA’s must Themselves be
more professional and should be able to interact effectively with various other agency it shall be there
endeavour and objective to secure inter sectoral and inter departmental coordination and cooperation
for reducing poverty in the district.
3. Effective coordination with panchayati Raj institutions: The drda are expected to coordinate
effectively with the panchayati raj institutions.however, Under no circumstances, will they perform the
functions of panchayati Raj institutions.
4. Facilitate and support zilla parishad: though the DRDA’s will maintain their separate identity
comma they will function under the chairmanship of the chairman of the zilla parishad. They are
expected to be a facilitating and supporting organization to the zilla parishad, providing necessary
executive and Technical Support in respect of poverty reduction efforts.
5. Create awareness: The DRDAs Shall take necessary steps to increase the awareness regarding rural
development and poverty elevation, especially among the rural poor.
6. Maintaining of accounts: Considering the substantial investment that are being made in poverty
alleriation Programs the drda sherin sure financial discipline in respect of the funds received by them,
whether from the central or state government.
7. Ensure that benefits reach the intended beneficiaries: It shall be the duty of the drda to watch over
add ensure that the benefits specifically ermarked for certain target groups reach them.
Self help groups(SHG): A self help group is defined as a self governed, peer Controlled information
group of people with similar socio economic background and having a desire to collectively perform
common purpose.
Functions of SHG’s: The measure Functions of SHG are as follows:
1. Empowering members to become independent, and take control of there own lives.
2. SHG play an instrumental role in creation of micro credit which allows members to borrow, invest,
create and expand business.
3. Equipping poor people with basic skills required for understanding monetary transactions.
4. Providing a platform for members for exchanging or discussing their social and economic problems.
5. Arranging credit the members.
6. Enhancing the social status of members by virtue of there being part of the group.
Microfinance:
1. The meaning of the word ‘micro’ is extremely small. ‘Financing’ is generally refers to making
financial services available comma particularly the credit facilities. Thus, the term ‘micro finance’
describes financial services too low income individuals or to those who do not have access to typical
banking services.
2. Microfinance is supply of loans, savings, insurance and other basic financial services to the poor.
Entrepreneurship opportunities in agricultural sector: following is a list of different opportunities
available for an agricultural entrepreneur: Basic farming activities, Custom crop harvesting,
consultancy services animal husbandry, horticultural farming, agro tourism, Food processing
industries, exports of agricultural produce, renting of farm equipments and tractors.
1.Growth of rural enterprises: Availability of HYPERLINK
“https://www.airtel.in/broadband/“Internet service provider and the resultant enhanced connectivity
will enable cottage industries at small scale industries in rural areas to reach potential customers
directly.
2.Regional rural development: With Proliferation of technology such as Internet in rural areas, citizens
become aware and more better iball to understand their rights and responsibilities.
3. Reduce migration: It has to develop rural areas by offering employment and income opportunities
via Internet connectivity , Then there would be lesser cases of migration of rural people.
4. Closer world: With Internet, the means of communication can enhance and bring rural areas closer to
world. This is a significant step towards rural development.
5. Empowerment of people: Introduce digital services in rural areas with a view to empower people by
increasing their awareness and providing them information about various government schemes in rural
areas was to empower individuals.
ICT assists the development of rural areas with following pointers:
1. Education: People in villages can get an opportunity to learn and educate themselves if ICT
programs are developed for them.
2. Women empowerment: do ict comma woman can get education and information regarding
health care comma forming and manufacturing of agro based products,self-help groups in the
vicnity and handicrafts.
3. Agro tourism:ICT Helps in promoting tourism, especially agro tourism