PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA PITAMPURA SHIFT-1

CHAPTER-5 CONTINUITY & DIFFERENTIABILITY

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1 If 𝒙 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒕 and 𝒚 = √𝒕 find dy/dx
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 1 1
= cos 𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 𝑡 −1/2 =
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2 2√𝑡
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 1
∴ = 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 2√𝑡 cos 𝑡
𝑑𝑡
2 If 𝑦 = (tan−1 𝑥)2 , then prove that (1 + 𝑥 2 )2 𝑦2 + 2𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑦1 = 2
𝑦 = (tan−1 𝑥)2
1
On differentiating wrt x, 𝑦1 = 2 tan−1 𝑥 . 2
-----(i)
1+𝑥
On differentiating again wrt x by division rule
1
(1+𝑥 2 ). −tan−1 𝑥.2𝑥 2−4𝑥 tan−1 𝑥
(1+𝑥2 )
𝑦2 = 2 [ (1+𝑥 2 )2
]=[ (1+𝑥 2 )2
] ------(ii)
𝐿𝐻𝑆 = (1 + 𝑥 2 )2 𝑦2 + 2𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑦1 = 2
2 2
2 − 4𝑥 tan−1 𝑥 2 )2 −1
1
= (1 + 𝑥 ) [ ] + 2𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 tan 𝑥 .
(1 + 𝑥 2 )2 1 + 𝑥2
= 2 − 4𝑥 tan−1 𝑥+4𝑥 tan−1 𝑥 = 2 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆
3 If 𝒙√𝟏 + 𝒚 + 𝒚√𝟏 + 𝒙 = 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙 ≠ 𝒚 , 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕
𝒅𝒚 𝟏
= − (𝒙+𝟏)𝟐
𝒅𝒙
𝒙√𝟏 + 𝒚 + 𝒚√𝟏 + 𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒙√𝟏 + 𝒚 = −𝒚√𝟏 + 𝒙
On squaring both sides,
𝒙𝟐 (𝟏 + 𝒚) = 𝒚𝟐 (𝟏 + 𝒙) ⇒ 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚 = 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 𝒙 ⇒ 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒚𝟐 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐 𝒚
⇒ (𝒙 + 𝒚)(𝒙 − 𝒚) = 𝒙𝒚(𝒚 − 𝒙) ⇒ −(𝒙 + 𝒚) = 𝒙𝒚
⇒ −𝒙𝒚 − 𝒚 = 𝒙 ⇒ −𝒚(𝒙 + 𝟏) = 𝒙
−𝒙
⇒𝒚=
𝒙+𝟏
dy (𝑥+1).1−𝑥(1+0) −1
On differentiating wrt x, = − [ (𝒙+𝟏)𝟐
] = (𝒙+𝟏)𝟐
dx
4 If sin 𝑦 = 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚), prove that =
𝒅𝒚 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 (𝒂+𝒚)
𝒅𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒂
sin 𝑦 = 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚)
dy d𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂+𝒚)
On differentiating wrt x, cos 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚). 1
dx dx
dy 𝑑𝑦
cos 𝑦 = 𝑥 cos(𝑎 + 𝑦). + 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚)
dx 𝑑𝑥
dy
(cos 𝑦 − 𝑥 cos(𝑎 + 𝑦)) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚)
dx
dy 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂+𝒚) 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂+𝒚) sin 𝑦
= = 𝑦 {𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 , 𝒙 = }
dx (cos 𝑦−𝑥 cos(𝑎+𝑦)) (cos 𝑦− cos(𝑎+𝑦)) 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂+𝒚)
𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂+𝒚)
𝟐
(𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚))
=
(cos 𝑦 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚) − sin 𝑦 cos(𝑎 + 𝑦))
𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟐 (𝒂 + 𝒚)
=
𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂 + 𝒚 − 𝒚)
𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟐 (𝒂 + 𝒚)
=
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑎
5 If (cos 𝑥)𝑦 = (sin 𝑦)𝑥 , find
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
(cos 𝑥)𝑦 = (sin 𝑦)𝑥
On taking log of both sides
𝑙𝑜𝑔(cos 𝑥)𝑦 = log(sin 𝑦)𝑥
⟹ 𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑔(cos 𝑥) = 𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔(sin 𝑦)
On differentiating wrt x by product rule,
𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦) 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 + log(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) . =𝑥 + log(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦
𝑦. . (− sin 𝑥) + log(cos 𝑥) = 𝑥. . cos 𝑦 + log(sin 𝑦) . 1
cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
On solving,
𝑑𝑦
[log(cos 𝑥) − 𝑥 cot 𝑦] = [𝑦 tan 𝑥 + log(sin 𝑦)]
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 [𝑦 tan 𝑥 + log(sin 𝑦)]
=
𝑑𝑥 [log(cos 𝑥) − 𝑥 cot 𝑦]
6 Find,
𝑑𝑦
of the function 𝑦 = (log 𝑥)𝑥 + 𝑥 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 = (log 𝑥)𝑥 + 𝑥 sin 𝑥
Let 𝑢 = (log 𝑥)𝑥 and v = 𝑥 sin 𝑥
𝑢 = (log 𝑥)𝑥
log 𝑢 = x log(log 𝑥)
1 𝑑𝑢 1 1
= 𝑥. . + log(log 𝑥) . 1
𝑢 𝑑𝑥 log 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1 1
= 𝑢[ + log(log 𝑥) ] = (log 𝑥)𝑥 [ + log(log 𝑥) ]
𝑑𝑥 log 𝑥 log 𝑥

v = 𝑥 sin 𝑥
log 𝑣 = log 𝑥 sin 𝑥 = sin 𝑥 . log 𝑥
1 𝑑𝑣 1
. = sin 𝑥 . + log 𝑥. cos 𝑥
𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑣 1 1
= 𝑣 [sin 𝑥 . + log 𝑥. cos 𝑥] = 𝑥 sin 𝑥 [sin 𝑥 . + log 𝑥. cos 𝑥]
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
Then, = +
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 1
=(log 𝑥) [
𝑥
+ log(log 𝑥) ] + 𝑥 sin 𝑥 [sin 𝑥 . + log 𝑥. cos 𝑥]
log 𝑥 𝑥
7 If 𝑦
𝑥 =𝑒 𝑥−𝑦
, then show that
𝑑𝑦 log 𝑥
= {log(𝑥𝑒)}2
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦
Take log of both sides.
log(𝑥 𝑦 ) = log(𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 )
𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 = (𝑥 − 𝑦) log 𝑒 = 𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑒 − 𝑦 log 𝑒
𝑦(𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + log 𝑒) = 𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑒 = 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦= =
(𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 − log 𝑒) (𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥𝑒)
 Differentiating by division rule
𝑒
𝑑𝑦 (𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥𝑒). 1 − 𝑥. 𝑥𝑒 log 𝑥 + log 𝑒 − 1
= =
𝑑𝑥 (𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥𝑒)2 (𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥𝑒)2
𝑑𝑦 log 𝑥
So, = {log(𝑥𝑒)}2 (log 𝑒 = 1)
𝑑𝑥
8 𝒙𝟐 −𝟐𝟓
, 𝒙 ≠ 𝟓 is continuous at x = 5 , find the value of k
𝑰𝒇 𝒇(𝒙) = { 𝒙−𝟓
𝒌 ,𝒙 = 𝟓
The given function f is continuous at x=5
Therefore, lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(5)
𝑥⟶5
𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓
lim =𝑘
𝑥⟶5 𝒙 − 𝟓
(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 5)
lim =𝑘
𝑥⟶5 𝒙−𝟓
lim (𝑥 + 5) = 𝑘
𝑥⟶5
10 = 𝑘
Or 𝑘 = 10
9 Find the derivative of sin−1 𝑥 with respect to log 𝑥.
𝑑 sin−1 𝑥 1
= -----(i)
𝑑𝑥 √1−𝑥 2
𝑑 log 𝑥 1
= --------(ii)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑 sin−1 𝑥
−1
𝑑 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
= =
𝑑 log 𝑥 𝑑 log 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
10 1−cos 4𝑥
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 0
Find ‘k’ for which f(x) ={ 8𝑥 2 is continuous at x=0.
𝑘 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0
𝑘=1
11 1−cos 𝑘𝑥
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 0
Find ‘k’ for which f(x) ={ 𝑥 sin 𝑥
1 is continuous at x=0.
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0
2
𝑘 = ±1
12 k cos 𝑥
, if𝑥 ≠
𝜋
𝜋
Find k so that 𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝜋−2𝑥 2
𝜋 is continuous at 𝑥 =
2
5, if𝑥 =
2
𝑘=5