Case Study 4:

Where Did the Cry of Rebellion

Happens?
 INTRODUCTION
The Cry of Rebellion in the
Philippines refers to a historical
event that played a crucial role in the
country's fight for independence
from Spanish colonial rule. The
controversy surrounding this cry
revolves around its authenticity, the
identities of the key figures involved,
and its overall significance in the
larger narrative of the Philippine
Revolution.
Different Dates and Places of the Cry:
➢ A guardia civil- Lt. Olegario Diaz, identified the cry to happened in
Balintawak on 25 August 1896.
➢ Teodoro Kalaw- Filipino historian: mark the place to be in Kangkong
Balintawak, on the last day of August 1896.
➢ Santiago Alvarez- Katipunero and son of Mariano Alvarez: Put the Cry of
Bahay Toro in Quezon City on August 24 , 1896.
➢ Pio Valenzuela- Katiounero: Stated that the Cry in Pugad Lawin on August 23
1896.
➢ Gregorio Zaide- Historian: Identified the Cry to happened in balintawak on
August 26 1896, while Teodoro Aguncillo : put it at pugad lawin on August 23
1896.
 The Controversy of the Cry of Rebellion
• The controversy regarding this event stems from the
identification of the date and place where the cry happened.
Prominent Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo emphasizes
the event with when Bonifacio tore the cedula or tax receipt
before the Katipunero’s who also did the same.
• Some writers identified the first military events with the
Spaniards.
• Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned an Himno de Balintawak to
inspire the renewed struggle after the Pact of Biak-na-bato
failed.
• The Cry of balintawak celebrated every 26th of August. The
site of the monument was chosen for an unknown reason.
 Guillermo Masangkay
➢ Guillermo Masangkay is the Supremo
Andres Bonifacio's friend and adviser.
He was one of the Katipunan's
founding members. According to
Masangkay, on August 26, 1896, the
Supremo summons all katipuneros to
a meeting to discuss the early
rebellion of revolt against the Spanish
colonizers on August 29, 1896.
PRIMARY SOURCE #1: Cry of Balintawak:
Guillermo Masangkay
➢On August 26th, a meeting was held in
Balintawak, led by leaders of the Aupunan
and composed of the board of directors.
Delegates from Bulacan, Cabanatuan,
Cavite, and Morong were present. The
meeting aimed to discuss the start of the
uprising, with Teodoro Plata, Briccio Pantas,
and Pio Valenzuela opposing starting it too
early. Bonifacio, fearing losing the
discussion, left the session hall and spoke
to the people, urging them to revolt. He
asked them to pledge their severance from
the Spaniards and destroyed their cedulas
as a sign of their severance.
 PIO VALENZUELA

➢ Pio Valenzuela, an
eyewitness of the event.
The cry took place at
Pugad Lawin on Aug.
23, 1896 in the house of
Juan Ramos, the son of
Melchora Aquino.
 PRIMARY SOURCES#2 :CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN

➢ The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio

Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario, and myself was Balintawak,
the first five arriving there on August 19, and I, on August 20 1896. The first
place where 500 members of Katipunan met on August 22, 1896, was the
house and yard of Apolonio Samson at Kangkong.
➢ It was at Pugad Lawin, the house of, store-house and yard of Juan Ramos,
son of Melchora Aquino, were over 1,000 members of Katipunan met met
and carried out considerable debate and discussion on August 23, 1896.
➢ The revolution against the Spanish government should be started on August
29, 1896..after the meeting. Many of those tore their cedula certificates and
shouted “Long Live the Philippiines”
 EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS:

➢ Historical witnesses have indeed marked

disagreement on the location and time of the cry,
with four identified location:
➢ Balintawak,Kangkong, Pugad Lawin, and Bahay
Toro with varying dates from 23-26 August 1896.
 Valenzuela’s account

➢ Valenzuela’s account of the revolution should be read

with caution, as he claimed the cry occurred in
Balintawak on August 26 1896, but his memoirs, it was
actually at Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896, indicating
inconsistencies in primary sources.
 ACCORDING TO: Guerrero, Encarnacion, and Villegas

➢ All these places are in Balintawak, then part of Caloocan,

now, in Quezon city. As for the dates Bonifacio and his
troops may have been moving from one places to
another to avoid being located by the Spanish
government.
 Authenticity of the Cry:

•The cry of revolution, often referred to as "Cry of

Balintawak" or "Cry of Pugad Lawin," is primarily
known for its association with the start of the
Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial
rule on August 23, 1896. However, the exact
details of the event are debated, with some
historians questioning its authenticity
 HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE:

•Historical Significance: The cry of revolution is

significant because it marked the beginning of
the armed struggle for Philippine independence
from Spanish rule. It galvanized the Filipino
people and set in motion a series of events that
eventually led to the Philippine Declaration of
Independence on June 12, 1898.
 National Identity and Memory:
• The controversy surrounding the cry of revolution also
highlights the complexities of shaping national identity and
memory. Historical events like this one play a significant role
in how a nation perceives its history and identity.
 Historical Interpretation:

• Historians continue to debate the significance and

authenticity of the cry, and their interpretations can vary
based on their sources, perspectives, and methodologies.
Some emphasize the role of popular uprisings and
spontaneous outbursts in the revolution, while others
focus on the larger, more organized efforts of
revolutionary societies like the Katipunan.
 CONCLUSION:
• The controversy surrounding the Cry of Revolution in the
Philippines is a testament to the challenges of reconstructing
historical events and the complexities of interpreting their
significance. While there may never be a consensus in all aspects of
this event, its enduring importance in the Philippines struggle for
independence and national identity is indisputable. The controversy
serves as a reminder of the ongoing dialogue among historians and
the importance of critical analysis in understanding historical
events.
THANK YOU

Prepared by:

Albert Manzanillo