Consider the following statelllents :

Statement-I :
7th August is declared as the National Handloom Day.
Statement-II :
It was in 1905 that the Swadeshi Movement was launched on the same
day.
Swadeshi
60 2023 Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Movement
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
the correct explanation for Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
not the correct explanation for Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Stateinent-II is correct

Geography and Agriculture

Qn No. Year Question Topic

“Each day is more or less the same, the morning is clear and bright
with a sea breeze; as the Sun climbs high in the sky, heat mounts up,
dark clouds form, then rain comes with thunder and lightning. But the
rain is soon over.”
Climate
1 2015
Which of the following regions is described in the above passage? Description
(a) Savannah
(b) Equatorial
(c) Monsoon
(d) Mediterranean
The term ‘Goldilocks Zone’ is often seen in the news in the context of
(a) the limits of habitable zone above the surface of the Earth
2 2015 (b) regions inside the Earth-like planets in outer space Space
(c) search for the Earth-like planets in outer space
(d) search for meteorites containing precious metals
In India, in which one of the following types of forests is teak a
dominant tree species?
(a) Tropical moist deciduous forest
3 2015 Vegetation
(b) Tropical rainforest
(c) Tropical thorn scrub forest
(d) Temperate forest with grasslands
Which one of the following countries of South-West Asia does not open
out to the Mediterranean Sea?
(a) Syria
4 2015 Boundaries
(b) Jordan
(c) Lebanon
(d) Israel
Consider the following States:

1.Arunachal Pradesh
2.Himachal Pradesh
3.Mizoram
5 2015 Vegetation
In which of the above States do ‘Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests’ occur?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
 Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of
mangrove forest, evergreen forest and deciduous forest?
(a) North Coastal Andhra Pradesh
6 2015 Vegetation
(b) South-West Bengal
(c) Southern Saurashtra
(d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
The area known as 'Golan Heights' sometimes appears in the news in
the context of the events related to
(a) Central Asia
7 2015 Places
(b) Middle East
(c) South-East Asia
(d) Central Africa
Tides occur in the oceans and seas due to which among the following?

1.Gravitational force of the Sun

2.Gravitational force of the Moon
3.Centrifugal force of the Earth
8 2015 Tides
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
In a particular region in India, the local people train the roots of living
trees into robust bridges across the streams. As the time passes, these
bridges become stronger. These unique ‘living root bridges’ are found in
9 2015 (a) Meghalaya Phenomenon
(b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Jharkhand
(d) Tamil Nadu
Consider the following statements:

1.The winds which blow between 30 N and 60 S latitudes throughout

the year are known as westerlies.
2.The moist air masses that cause winter rains in the NorthWestern
10 2015 region of India are part of westerlies. Winds
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
In India, the steel production industry requires the import of

(a) saltpetre
11 2015 Resources
(b) rock phosphate
(c) coking coal
(d) All of the above
Consider the following rivers :

1.Vamsadhara
2.Indravati
4.Pranahita
12 2015 5.Pennar Rivers
Which of the above are tributaries of Godavari ?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 2 and 3 only
 Consider the following pairs:
Place of Pilgrimage Location
1.Srisailam Nallamala Hills
2.Omkareshwar Satmala Hills
3.Pushkar Mahadeo Hills
13 2015 Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched ? Places

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
What explains the eastward flow of the equatorial countercurrent?
(a) The Earth’s rotation on its axis
14 2015 (b) Convergence of the two equatorial currents Ocean
(c) Difference in salinity of water
(d) Occurrence of the belt of calm near the equator
Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the
easternmost and westernmost State?
(a) Assam and Rajasthan
15 2015 Mapping
(b) Arunachal Pradesh and Rajasthan
(c) Assam and Gujarat
(d) Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat
In the South Atlantic and South-Eastern Pacific regions in tropical
latitudes, cyclones do not originate. What is the reason?
(a) Sea surface temperatures are low
16 2015 Phenomenon
(b) Inter-tropical Convergence Zone seldom occurs
(c) Coriolis force is too weak
(d) Absence of land in those regions
Consider the following pairs:
Community sometimes in the affairs of mentioned in the news
1.Kurd : Bangladesh
2.Madhesi : Nepal
3.Rohingya : Myanmar Communities
17 2016
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched? Place
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
Which of the following advantage/advantages of drip irrigation?
1. Reduction in weed
2. Reduction in soil salinity
3. Reduction in soil erosion
18 2016 Select the correct answer using the code given below. Irrigation System
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) None of the above is an advantage of practising drip irrigation
Recently, linking of which of the following rivers was undertaken?
(a) Cauvery and Tungabhadra
19 2016 (b) Godavari and Krishna Rivers
(c) Mahanadi and Son
(d) Narmada and Tapti
Recently, which of the following States has explored the possibility of
constructing an artificial inland port to be connected to sea by a long
navigational channel?
20 2016 (a) Andhra Pradesh Ports
(b) Chhattisgarh
(c) Karnataka
(d) Rajasthan
 In which of the following regions of India are shale gas resources found?
1.Cambay Basin
2.Cauvery Basin
3.Krishna-Godavari Basin
21 2016 Select the correct answer using the code given below. Resources
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Which of the following is/are tributary/ tributaries of Brahmaputra?

1.Dibang
2.Kameng
3.Lohit
22 2016 Rivers
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following pairs:

Famous Place Region

1.Bodhgaya Baghelkhand
2.Khajuraho Bundelkhand
3.Shirdi Vidarbha
23 2016 4.Nasik (Nashik) Malwa Places
5.Tirupati Rayalaseema
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 3, 4 and 5
At one of the place in India, if you stand on the seashore and watch the
sea, ‘you will find that the sea water recedes from the shore line a few
kilometres and comes back to the shore, twice a day, and you can
actually walk on the seafloor when the water recedes. This unique
24 2017 phenomenon is seen at Places
(a) Bhavnagar
(b) Bheemunipatnam
(c) Chandipur
(d) Nagapattinam
If you travel by road from Kohima to Kottayam, what is the minimum
number of States within India through which you can travel, including
the origin and the destination?
25 2017 (a) 6 Mapping
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 9
Which of the following practices can help in water conservation in
agriculture?
1. Reduced or zero tillage of the land
2. Applying gypsum before irrigating the field
3. Allowing crop residue to remain in the field Water
26 2017
Select. the correct answer using the code given below: Conservation
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
 With reference to river Teesta, consider the following statements:
1.The source of river Teesta is the same as that of Brahmaputra but it
flows through Sikkim.
2.River Rangeet originates in Sikkim and is a tributary of river Teesta.
3.River Teesta flows into the Bay of Bengal on the border of India and
27 2017 Bangladesh. Rivers
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Which of the following is geographically closest to Great Nicobar?
(a) Sumatra
28 2017 (b) Borneo Mapping
(c) Java
(d) Sri Lanka
With reference to ‘Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)’ sometimes mentioned in
the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following
statements is/are correct?
1.IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface
temperature between the tropical Western Indian Ocean and the
tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean.
29 2017 2.An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino’s impact on the Concept
monsoon.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Consider the following statements:

1.In India, the Himalayas are spread over five states only.
2.Western Ghats are spread over five states only.
3.Pulicat Lake is spread over two States only.
30 2017 Mapping
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
Mediterranean Sea is a border of which of the following countries?

1.Jordan
2.Iraq
3.Lebanon
4.Syria
31 2017 Boundaries
Select the correct answer
using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
 Consider the following statements:
1. In India, State Governments do not have the power to auction non-
coal mines.
2. Andhra Pradesh and Jharkhand do not have gold mines
3. Rajasthan has iron ore mines.
32 2018 Resources
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
With reference to agricultural soils, consider the following statements :

1.High content of organic matter in soil drastically reduces its water

holding capacity.
2.Soil does not play any role in the sulphur cycle.
3.Irrigation over a period of time can contribute to the salinization of
33 2018 Soil
some agricultural lands.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following statements:

1.The Barren Island volcano is an active volcano located in the Indian

territory.
2.Barren Island lies about 140 km east of Great Nicobar.
3.The last time the Barren Island volcano erupted was in 1991 and it
34 2018 Island
has remained inactive since then.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 only
(d) 1 and 3
Consider the following statements

1.Most of the world’s coral reefs are in tropical waters.

2.More than one-third of the world’s coral reefs are located in the
territories of Australia, Indonesia and the Philippines.
3.Coral reefs host far more animal phyla than those hosted by tropical
35 2018 Coral Reef
rainforests.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Which one of the following is an artificial lake?
(a) Kodaikanal (Tamil Nadu)
36 2018 (b) Kolleru (Andhra Pradesh) Lakes
(c) Nainital (Uttarakhand)
(d) Renuka (Himachal Pradesh)
 Consider the following pairs :
Regions mentioned in news Country

1.Catalonia Spain
2.Crimea Hungary
3.Mindanao Philippines
37 2018 Places
4.Oromia Nigeria
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched ?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 4 only
Consider the following statements:

1.The Earth’s magnetic field has reversed every few hundred thousand
years
2.When the Earth was created more than 4000 million years ago, there
was 54% oxygen and no carbon dioxide
38 2018 3.When living organisms originated, they modified the early Earth
atmosphere of the Earth
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
With reference to the circumstances in Indian agriculture, the concept
of “Conservation Agriculture” assumes significance. Which of the
following fall under Conservation Agriculture?

1.Avoiding the monoculture practices

2.Adopting minimum tillage
3.Avoiding the cultivation of plantation crops Agricultural
39 2018
4.Using crop residues to cover the soil surface Practice
5.Adopting spatial and temporal crop sequencing/crop rotations
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2, 4 and 5
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 5
Among the following cities, which one lies on a longitude closest to that
of Delhi?
(a) Bengaluru
40 2018 Mapping
(b) Hyderabad
(c) Nagpur
(d) Pune
Which of the following has/have shrunk immensely/dried up in the
recent past due to human activities ?

1.Aral Sea
2.Black Sea
41 2018 3.Lake Baikal Sea
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 2 only
(d) 1 and 3
 Consider the following pairs:

Town mentioned in news Country

1.Aleppo Syria
2.Kirkuk Yemen
3.Mosul Palestine
42 2018 Places
4.Mazar-i-Sharif Afghanistan
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 and 4
On 21st June, the Sun
(a) does not set below the horizon at the Arctic Circle
43 2019 (b) does not set below the horizon at Antarctic Circle Concept
(c) shines vertically overhead at noon on the Equator
(d) shines vertically overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn
What is common to the places known as Aliyar, Isapur and Kangsabati?
(a) Recently discovered uranium deposits
44 2019 (b) Tropical rain forests Places
(c) Underground cave systems
(d) Water reservoirs

Why are dewdrops not formed on a cloudy night?

(a) Clouds absorb the radiation released from the Earth’s surface.
45 2019 (b) Clouds reflect back the Earth’s radiation. Phenomenon
(c) The Earth’s surface would have a low temperature on cloudy nights.
(d) Clouds deflect the blowing wind to ground level.
Consider the following pairs
Famous place River
1.Pandharpur Chandrabhaga
2.Tiruchirappalli Cauvery
3.Hampi Malaprabha
46 2019 Rivers places
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following pairs:

Sea Bordering country

1.Adriatic Sea Albania
2.Black Sea Croatia
3.Caspian Sea Kazakhstan
47 2019 4.Mediterranean Sea Morocco Sea Border
5.Red Sea Syria
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
The word ‘Denisovan’ is sometimes mentioned in media in reference to-
(a) fossils of a kind of dinosaurs
48 2019 (b) an early human species Origin
(c) a cave system found in North-East India.
(d) a geological period in the history of the Indian subcontinent
 Among the following, which one is the largest exporter of rice in the
world in the last five years?

49 2019 (a) China Crops

(b) India
(c) Myanmar
(d) Vietnam
With reference to the cultivation of Kharif crops in India in the last five
years, consider the following statements:

1.Area under rice cultivation is the highest.

2.Area under the cultivation of jowar is more than that of oilseeds.
3.Area of cotton cultivation is more than that of sugarcane.
50 2019 Crops
4.Area under sugarcane cultivation has steadily decreased.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Consider the following pairs:

Glacier River
1.Bandarpunch Yamuna
2.Bara Shigri Chenab
3.Milam Mandakini
51 2019 4.Siachen Nubra Glacier
5.Zemu Manas
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 5
(d) 3 and 5
With reference to the management of minor minerals in India, consider
the following statements:

1.Sand is a ‘minor mineral’ according to the prevailing law in the

country.
2.State Governments have the power to grant mining leases of minor
minerals, but the powers regarding the formation of rules related to the
52 2019 grant of minor minerals lie with the Central Government. Minerals
3.State Governments have the power to frame rules to prevent illegal
mining of minor minerals.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Which one of the following groups of plants were domesticated in the
‘New World’ and introduced into the ‘Old World’?
(a) Tobacco, cocoa and rubber
53 2019 Crops
(b) Tobacco, cotton and rubber
(c) Cotton, coffee and sugarcane
(d) Rubber, coffee and wheat
 Consider the following statements:

1.Jet streams occur in the Northern Hemisphere only.

2.Only some cyclones develop an eye.
3.The temperature inside the eye of a cyclone is nearly 10°C lesser than
54 2020 that of the surroundings. Cyclones
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
Siachen Glacier is situated to the
(a) East of Aksai Chin
55 2020 (b) East of Leh Glacier
(c) North of Gilgit
(d) North of Nubra Valley
With reference to chemical fertilizers in India, consider the following
statements:
1.At present, the retail price of chemical fertilizers is market-driven and
not administered by the Government.
2.Ammonia, which is an input of urea, is produced from natural gas.
3.Sulphur, which is a raw material for Phosphoric acid fertilizer, is a by-
56 2020 Fertilizers
product of oil refineries.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
With reference to Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT), which of the
following statements is/are correct?

1.OMT is measured up to a depth of 26°C isotherm which is 129 meters

in the southwestern Indian Ocean during January — March.
2.OMT collected during January — March can be used in assessing
57 2020 whether the amount of rainfall in the monsoon will be less or more than Concept
a certain long-term mean.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Consider the following minerals:
1.Bentonite
2.Chromite
3.Kyanite
4.Sillimanite
58 2020 In India, which of the above is/are officially designated as major Minerals
minerals?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
 What are the advantages of fertigation in agriculture?

1.Controlling the alkalinity of irrigation water is possible.

2.Efficient application of Rock Phosphate and all other phosphatic
fertilizers is possible.
3.Increased availability of nutrients to plants is possible. Agricultural
59 2020
4.Reduction in the leaching of chemical nutrients is possible. Practice
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
In the context of India, which of the following is/are considered to be of
practice(s) of eco-friendly agriculture?

1.Crop diversification
2.Legume intensification
3.Tensiometer use Agricultural
60 2020
4.Vertical farming Practice
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
With reference to the current trends in the cultivation of sugarcane in
India, consider the following statements:

1.A substantial saving in seed material is made when ‘bud chip settings’
are raised in a nursery and transplanted in the main field.
2.When direct planting of setts is done, the germination percentage is
better with single budded setts as compared to setts with many buds.
3.If bad weather conditions prevail when setts are directly planted,
61 2020 Crops
single-budded setts have better survival as compared to large setts.
4.Sugarcane can be cultivated using settings prepared from tissue
culture.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
“The crop is subtropical in nature. A hard frost is injurious to it. It
requires at least 210 frost free days and 50 to 100 centimeters of rainfall
for its growth. A light well-drained soil capable of retaining moisture is
ideally suited for the cultivation of the crop.” Which one of the following
62 2020 is that crop? Crops
(a) Cotton
(b) Jute
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Tea
 With reference to pulse production in India, consider the following
statements:

1.Black gram can be cultivated as both kharif and rabi crops.

2.Green-gram alone accounts for nearly half of pulse production.
3.In the last three decades, while the production of kharif pulses has
63 2020 Crops
increased, the production of rabi pulses has decreased.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
What is/are the advantages/advantages of zero tillage in agriculture?

1.Sowing of wheat is possible without burning the residue of the

previous crop.
2.Without the need for nursery of rice saplings, direct planting of paddy
seeds in the wet soil is possible. Agricultural
64 2020
3.Carbon sequestration in the soil is possible. Practice
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
What is the use of biochar in farming?

1.‘Biochar can be used as a part of the growing medium in vertical

farming.
2.When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it promotes the growth
of nitrogen fixing microorganisms.
Agricultural
65 2020 3.When biochar is a part of the growing- medium, it enables the growing
Practice
medium to retain water for a longer time.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following pairs:

Rivers Flows into

1. Mekong Andaman Sea
2. Thames Irish Sea
3. Volga Caspian Sea
66 2020 Rivers
4. Zambezi Indian Ocean
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2 and 4 only
“Leaf litter decomposes faster than in any other biome and as a result,
the soil surface is often almost bare. Apart from trees, the vegetation is
largely composed of plant forms that reach up into the canopy
vicariously, by climbing the trees or growing as epiphytes, rooted on the
67 2021 upper branches of trees.” This is the most likely description of Vegetation
(a) Coniferous forest
(b) Dry deciduous forest
(c) Mangrove forest
(d) Tropical rain forest
 Consider the following statements:
1. In the tropical zone, the western sections of the oceans are warmer
than the eastern sections owing to the influence of trade winds.
2. In the temperate Zone, westerlies make the eastern sections of oceans
warmer than the western sections
68 2021 Winds
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 and 2
Among the following, which one is the least water-efficient crop?
(a) Sugarcane
69 2021 (b) Sunflower Crops
(c) Pearl millet
(d) Red gram
Consider the following Rivers:
1. Brahmani
2. Nagavali
3. Subarnarekha
4. Vamsadhara
70 2021 Rivers
Which of the above rise from the Eastern Ghats?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 3
With references to India, Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol and khatu are
the names of
(a) Glaciers
71 2021 Lakes
(b) Mangrove areas
(c) Ramsar sites
(d) Saline lakes
With reference to the Indus River system, of the following four rivers,
three of them pour into one of the which joins the Indus direct. Among
the following, which one is such river that joins the Indus direct?
72 2021 (a) Chenab Rivers
(b) Jhelum
(c) Ravi
(d) Sutlej
With reference to ‘palm oil’, consider the following statements:
(a) The palm oil tree is native to Southeast Asia.
(b) The palm oil is a raw material for some industries producing lipstick
and perfumes.
(c) The palm oil can be used to produce biodiesel.
73 2021 Resources
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
 How is permaculture farming different from conventional chemical
farming?
1. Permaculture farming discourages monocultural practices but in
conventional chemical farming, monoculture practices are predominant.
2. Conventional chemical farming can cause increase in soil salinity but
the occurrence of such phenomenon is not observed in permaculture
farming.
Agricultural
74 2021 3. Conventional chemical farming is easily possible in such regions.
Practice
4. Practice of mulching is very important in permaculture farming but
not necessarily so in conventional chemical farming.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 4 only
(d) 2 and 3

The black cotton soil of India has been formed due to the weathering of
(a) Brown forest soil
75 2021 (b) Fissure volcanic rock Soil
(c) Granite and schist
(d) Shale and limestone

Consider the following statements:

1. Moringa (drumstick tree) is a leguminous evergreen tree.
2. Tamarind tree is endemic to south Asia.
3. In India, most of the tamarind is collected as minor forest produce.
4. India exports tamarind and seeds of moringa.
5. Seeds of moringa and tamarind can be used in the production of
76 2021 Resources
biofuels.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2, 4 and 5
(b) 3, 4 and 5
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1,2, 3 and 5
With reference to the water on the planet Earth, consider the following
statements:
1. The amount of water in the rivers and lakes is more than the amount
of groundwater.
2. The amount of water in polar ice caps and glaciers is more than the
77 2021 amount of groundwater. Water
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
The vegetation of savannah consists of grassland with scattered small
trees. The forest development in such areas is generally kept in check
by one or more or a combination of some conditions.
Which of the following are such conditions?
1. Burrowing animals and termites.
2. Fire
3. Grazing herbivores
78 2021 Vegetation
4. Seasonal rainfall
5. Soil properties
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and2
(b) 4 and 5
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 5
 In the case of which of the following biogeochemical cycles, the
weathering of rocks is the main source of release of nutrients to enter
the cycle?
79 2021 (a) Carbon cycle Concepts
(b) Nitrogen cycle
(c) Phosphorus cycle
(d) Sulphur cycle
“System of Rice Intensification” of cultivation, in which alternate
wetting and drying of rice fields is practiced, results in:

1.Reduced seed requirement

2.Reduced methane production
Agricultural
80 2022 3.Reduced electricity consumption
Practice
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following statements:

1.High clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of
the Earth.
2.Low clouds have a high absorption of infrared radiation emanating
81 2022 from the Earth’s surface and thus cause warming effect. Climatology
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
With reference to the “Tea Board” in India, consider the following
statements:

1.The Tea Board is a statutory body.

2.It is a regulatory body attached to the Ministry of Agriculture and
Farmers Welfare.
82 2022 Board
3.The Tea Board’s Head Office is situated in Bengaluru.
4.The Board has overseas offices at Dubai and Moscow.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 4
Consider the following pairs:

Reservoirs : States

1.Ghataprabha : Telangana
2.Gandhi Sagar : Madhya Pradesh
Water
83 2022 3.Indira Sagar : Andhra Pradesh
Conservation
4.Maithon : Chhattisgarh
How many pairs given above are not correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs PAY
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
 Consider the following States:

1.Andhra Pradesh
2.Kerala
3.Himachal Pradesh
84 2022 4.Tripura Crops
How many of the above are generally known as tea-producing States?
(a) Only one State
(b) Only two States
(c) Only three States
(d) All four States
In the northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year normally occurs
in the:
(a) First half of the month of June
85 2022 Concept
(b) Second half of the month of June
(c) First half of the month of July
(d) Second half of the month of July
With reference to India, consider the following statements:

1.Monazite is a source of rare earths.

2.Monazite contains thorium.
3.Monazite occurs naturally in the entire Indian coastal sands in India.
4.In India, Government bodies only can process or export monazite.
86 2022 Minerals
Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Consider the following countries:

1.Azerbaijan
2.Kyrgyzstan
3.Tajikistan
4.Turkmenistan
87 2022 Places Borders
5.Uzbekistan
Which of the above have borders with Afghanistan?
(a) 1, 2 and 5 only
(b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 3, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
The term “Levant” often heard in the news roughly corresponds to
which of the following regions?
(a) Region along the eastern Mediterranean shores
88 2022 Places
(b) Region along North African shores stretching from Egypt to Morocco
(c) Region along Persian Gulf and Horn of Africa
(d) The entire coastal Mediterranean Sea of areas
 Consider the following pairs:

Peak Mountains

1.Namcha Barwa Garhwal Himalaya

2.Nanda Devi Kumaon Himalaya Peaks and
89 2022
3.Nokrek Sikkim Himalaya Mountains
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
Gandikota canyon of South India was created by which one of the
following rivers ?
(a) Cauvery
90 2022 Canyon Rivers
(b) Manjira
(c) Pennar
(d) Tungabhadra
Which one of the lakes of West Africa has become dry and turned into a
desert?
(a) Lake Victoria
91 2022 Lakes
(b) Lake Faguibine
(c) Lake Oguta
(d) Lake Volta
Consider the following pairs:

Region mentioned in the news: Country

1.Anatolia Turkey
2.Amhara Ethiopia
92 2022 3.Cabo Delgado Spain Places
4.Catalonia Italy
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
Consider the following pairs:
Wetland/Lake: Location

1.Hokera Wetland Punjab

2.Renuka Wetland Himachal Pradesh
3.Rudrasagar Lake Tripura
93 2022 Lakes Wetlands
4.Sasthamkotta Tamil Nadu
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
Consider the following statements :
1. Bidibidi is a large refugee settlement in north-western Kenya.
2. Some people who fled from South Sudan civil war live in Bidibidi.
3. Some people who fled from civil war in Somalia live in Dadaab
refugee complex in Kenya.
94 2022 Places
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
 Among the following crops, which one is the most important
anthropogenic source of both methane and nitrous oxide ?
(a) Cotton
95 2022 Crops
(b) Rice
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Wheat
Consider the following statements :
1. Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake.
2. Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake.
3. Meandering of Gandak River formed Kanwar Lake.
96 2023 How many of the statements given above are correct? Rivers
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Consider the following pairs :

Port Well known as
1. Kamaraj Port : First major port in India registered as company
2. Mundra Port : Largest privately owned port in India
3. Visakhapatnam : Largest container port in Port India
97 2023 Ports
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) All three pairs
(d) None of the pairs
Consider the following statements :
1. India has more arable area than China.
2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to
China.
3. The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher
98 2023 than that in China Agriculture
How many of the above statements correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Which one of the following is the best example of repeated falls in sea
level giving rise to present-day extensive marshland?
(a) Bhitarkanika Mangroves
99 2023 Place
(b) Marakkanam Salt Pans
(c) Naupada Swamp
(d) Rann of Kutch
Ilmenite and rutile, abundantly available in certain coastal tracts of
India are rich sources of which one of the following?
(a) Aluminium
100 2023 Minerals
(b) Copper
(c) Iron
(d) Titanium
About three-fourths of world's cobalt, a metal required for the
manufacture of batteries for electric motor vehicles is produced by
(a) Argentina
101 2023 Minerals
(b) Botswana
(c) The Democratic Republic of the Congo
(d) Kazakhstan
Which one of the following is a part of the Congo Basin?
(a) Cameroon
102 2023 (b) Nigeria Place
(c) South Sudan
(d) Uganda
 Consider tbe following statements :
1. Amarkantak Hills are at the confluence of Vindhya and Sahyadri
Ranges.
2. Biligirirangan Hills constitute the easternmost part of Satpura
Range.
3. Seshachalam Hills constitute the southernmost part of Western
103 2023 Places
Ghats.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
With reference to India's projects on connectivity, consider the following
statements :
1. East-West Corridor under Golden Quadrilater Project connects
Dibrugarh and Surat.
2.Trilateral Highway connects Moreh in Manipur and Chiang Mai in
Thailand via Myanmar.
104 2023 3. Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor connects Projects
Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh with Kunming in China.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Consider the following statements :
Statement-I : ·
India, despite having uranium deposits, depends on coal for most of its
electricity production.
Statement-II :
Uranium, enriched to the extent of at least 60%, is required for the
production of electricity.
105 2023 Minerals
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
the correct explanation for Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
not the correct explanation for Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Stateinent-II is correct

Which one of the following best describes the concept of 'Small Farmer
Large Field'?
(a) Resettlement of a large number of people, uprooted from their
countries due to war, by giving them a large cultivable land which they
cultivate collectively and share the produce
(b) Many marginal farmers in an area organize themselves into groups
and synchronize and harmonize selected agricultural operations
106 2023 (c) Many marginal farmers in an area together make a contract with a Agriculture
corporate body and surrender their land to the corporate body for a
fixed term for which the corporate body makes a payment of agreed
amount to the farmers
(d) A company extends loans, technical knowledge and material inputs
to a number of small farmers in an area so that they produce the
agricultural commodity required by the company for its manufacturing
process and commercial production
 Consider the following statements :
1. The Government of India provides Minimum Support Price for niger (
Guizotia aoyssinica) seeds.
2. Niger is cultivated as a Kharif crop.
3. Some tribal people in India use niger seed oil for cooking.
107 2023 Crops
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Consider the following countries :
1. Bulgaria
2. Czech Republic
3. Hungary
4. Latvia
5. Lithuania
108 2023 6. Romania Mapping
How many of the above-mentioned countnes share a land border with
Ukraine?
(a) Only two
(b) Only three
(c) Only four
(d) Only five
With reference to the Earth's atmosphere,which from of the following
statements is correct?
(a) The total amount of insolation received at the equator is roughly
about 10 times of that received at the poles.
109 2023 (b) Infrared rays constitute roughly two-thirds of insolation. Atmosphere
(c) Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapour that is
concentrated in the lower atmosphere.
(d). Infrared waves are a part of visible spectrum of electromagnetic
waves of solar radiation.
Consider the following statements
Statement-I :
The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients.
Statement-II :
The high temperature and moisture of tropical rain forests cause dead
organic matter in the soil to decompose quickly.
110 2023 Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? Soil
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
the correct explanation for Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
not the correct explanation for Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Stateinent-II is correct

Consider the following statements :

Statement I :
The temperature contrast between continents and oceans is greater
during summer than in winter.
Statenient-II :
The specific heat of water is more than that of land surface.
111 2023 Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? Phenomenon
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
the correct explanation for Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is
not the correct explanation for Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Stateinent-II is correct
 Consider the following statements :
1. In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves.
2. In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction
of wave propagation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and
down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation.
112 2023 Concept
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Polity

Qn No. Year Question Topic

Who/Which of the following is the Custodian of the Constitution of
India?
(a) The President of India
1 2015 SC
(b) The Prime Minister of India
(c) The Lok Sabha Secretariat
(d) The Supreme Court of India
The provisions in the Fifth Schedule and Sixth Schedule in the
Constitution of India are made in order to
(a) protect the interests of Scheduled Tribes
2 2015 Schedules
(b) determine the boundaries between states
(c) determine the powers, authorities, and responsibilities of Panchayats
(d) protect the interests of all the border States
Consider the following statements:

1.The Legislative Council of a state in India can be larger in size than

half of the Legislative Assembly of that particular state.
2.The Governor of a State nominates the Chairman of the Legislative
3 2015 Council of that particular state. LC
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
With reference to the Union Government, consider the following
statements :
1.The Department of Revenue is responsible for the preparation of
Union Budget that is presented to the Parliament.
2.No amount can be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of India
without the authorization from the Parliament of India.
3. All the disbursements made from Public Account also need the Budget Funds
4 2015
authorization from the Parliament of India. and Expenditure
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3