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The document discusses multithreading and multiprocessing in Python, highlighting their respective uses: multithreading is suitable for I/O-bound tasks while multiprocessing is ideal for CPU-bound tasks. It explains the limitations of multithreading due to Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) and demonstrates both concepts with code examples. The summary emphasizes that both approaches enhance performance through concurrency but are tailored for different scenarios.

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2 views

Main

The document discusses multithreading and multiprocessing in Python, highlighting their respective uses: multithreading is suitable for I/O-bound tasks while multiprocessing is ideal for CPU-bound tasks. It explains the limitations of multithreading due to Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) and demonstrates both concepts with code examples. The summary emphasizes that both approaches enhance performance through concurrency but are tailored for different scenarios.

Uploaded by

shobayossry6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section Notes

Practical Session about Multithreading vs multiprocessing


By Dr. Ebtisam El-Hossiny

1. Multithreading in Python
Multithreading allows the execution of multiple threads (smaller units of a process)
concurrently within a single process. Ideal for I/O bound tasks (e.g., network
requests, disk I/O).

import threading
import time

def print_numbers():
for i in range(5):
time.sleep(1)
print(f"Number: {i}")

def print_letters():
for letter in ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']:
time.sleep(1)
print(f"Letter: {letter}")

# Creating threads
t1 = threading.Thread(target=print_numbers)
t2 = threading.Thread(target=print_letters)

# Starting threads
t1.start()
t2.start()

# Wait for both threads to complete


t1.join()
t2.join()

print("Both threads completed!")

Session Notes in Python Distributed Computing By: Dr. Ebtisam El-Hossiny 1


Explanation:

• threading.Thread: Creates a new thread.


• .start(): Begins execution of the thread.
• .join(): Waits for the thread to finish before proceeding.
•

Output:

Limitation

Due to Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL), only one thread can execute Python
bytecode at a time. This makes multithreading less `-bound tasks.

Session Notes in Python Distributed Computing By: Dr. Ebtisam El-Hossiny 2


Session about Multiprocessing

2. Multiprocessing in Python

Multiprocessing creates separate processes, each with its own Python interpreter and
memory space. It bypasses the GIL, allowing true parallelism on multi-core systems,
making it ideal for CPU-bound tasks (e.g., heavy computations, data processing).

from multiprocessing import Process


import time

def calculate_square(numbers):
for n in numbers:
time.sleep(1)
print(f"Square of {n} is {n * n}")

def calculate_cube(numbers):
for n in numbers:
time.sleep(1)
print(f"Cube of {n} is {n * n * n}")

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

if __name__ == '__main__':
# Creating processes
p1 = Process(target=calculate_square, args=(numbers,))
p2 = Process(target=calculate_cube, args=(numbers,))

# Starting processes
p1.start()
p2.start()

# Wait for processes to complete


p1.join()
p2.join()

print("Both processes completed!")

Output:

Session Notes in Python Distributed Computing By: Dr. Ebtisam El-Hossiny 3


Explanation:

• Process: Represents a separate process.

• .start() and .join() are used similarly to threads.

• Advantage: Each process runs in its own memory space, avoiding GIL limitations.

Summary

1. Multithreading is best for tasks that wait, like I/O operations.

2. Multiprocessing is best for computationally intensive tasks.

3. Both approaches improve performance through concurrency but are suited for
different scenarios.

Session Notes in Python Distributed Computing By: Dr. Ebtisam El-Hossiny 4

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