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5 views

Untitled document

Uploaded by

Aliza Imtiaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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This diagram illustrates the pathways of baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, focusing on

their afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) components that regulate blood pressure and
respiration.

Key Components in the Diagram:

Afferent Pathways (Sensory) – Blue

These pathways carry sensory information from baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to the
medulla.

​ 1.​ Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

​ •​ Carries signals from:

​ •​ Carotid sinus baroreceptors (detect blood pressure changes)

​ •​ Carotid body chemoreceptors (detect oxygen, CO₂, and pH levels)

​ 2.​ Vagus Nerve (X)

​ •​ Carries signals from:

​ •​ Aortic baroreceptors (detect blood pressure changes in the aorta)

​ •​ Aortic chemoreceptors (monitor blood oxygen and CO₂ levels)

​ 3.​ Solitary Nucleus (in Medulla)

​ •​ This is the central processing center for afferent input from the carotid sinus,
carotid body, aortic arch, and heart.

Efferent Pathways (Motor) – Green

These pathways carry autonomic output from the medulla to the heart and blood vessels.

​ 1.​ Parasympathetic (Vagus Nerve)

​ •​ Acts on the SA node and AV node to decrease heart rate (bradycardia).

​ 2.​ Sympathetic Pathways

​ •​ Sympathetic chain → Sympathetic nerves → Heart & Blood vessels

​ •​ Acts to increase heart rate (tachycardia), contractility, and vasoconstriction.

Physiological Response:

​ •​ Increased Blood Pressure → Baroreceptors fire more → Medulla activates


parasympathetic system → Heart rate decreases, blood vessels dilate → Blood pressure
drops.
​ •​ Decreased Blood Pressure → Baroreceptors fire less → Medulla activates
sympathetic system → Heart rate increases, blood vessels constrict → Blood pressure rises.

​ •​ Hypoxia (low oxygen) → Chemoreceptors activate → Medulla stimulates


breathing adjustments and sympathetic activation.

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