Scribd
Upload
6 views

HT Assignment

The document contains a series of thermodynamics problems related to piston-cylinder devices, heat transfer, work done, and properties of gases. It includes questions on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, entropy changes, ideal gas behavior, and specific heat capacities. Additionally, it covers concepts such as closed and open systems, Carnot cycles, and thermal efficiency.

Uploaded by

ck7849622
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

HT Assignment

The document contains a series of thermodynamics problems related to piston-cylinder devices, heat transfer, work done, and properties of gases. It includes questions on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, entropy changes, ideal gas behavior, and specific heat capacities. Additionally, it covers concepts such as closed and open systems, Carnot cycles, and thermal efficiency.

Uploaded by

ck7849622
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

1. A piston–cylinder device initially contains 0.4 m3 of air at 100 kPa and 80°C.

The air is now


compressed to 0.1 m3 in such a way that the temperature inside the cylinder remains constant.
Determine the work done during this process.
2. A piston–cylinder device contains 0.05 m3 of a gas initially at 200 kPa. At this state, a linear spring
that has a spring constant of 150 kN/m is touching the piston but exerting no force on it. Now heat is
transferred to the gas, causing the piston to rise and to compress the spring until the volume inside the
cylinder doubles. If the cross-sectional area of the piston is 0.25 m2, determine
(a) the final pressure inside the cylinder,
(b) the total work done by the gas, and
(c) the fraction of this work done against the spring to compress it.
3. What do you understand by path function and point function? What are exact and inexact
differentials?
4. State the following:

a) First law for a closed system undergoing a cycle


b) First law for a closed system undergoing a change of state.

5. Water flows through a turbine in which friction causes the water temperature to rise from 35°C to
37°C. If there is no heat transfer, how much does the entropy of the water change in passing through
turbine?

6. Prove that entropy is a property of a system.

7. Write down the first and second TDS equations, and derive the expression for the difference in heat
capacities, Cp and Cv. What does the expression signify?

8. Show that for an ideal gas, the slope of the constant volume line on the T-S diagram is more than
that of the constant pressure line.

9. What is the difference between a closed system and an open system? An open system defined for a
fixed region and control volume is synonymous. Explain
10. A 50-kg iron block at 80°C is dropped into an insulated tank that contains 0.5 m 3 of liquid
water at 25°C. Determine the temperature when thermal equilibrium is reached.
11. Define the following terms
(a)Internal energy (b) Enthalpy (c) PMM1
(b) Which is more effective way to increase the efficiency of a Carnot engine : to increase T1,
keeping T2 constant, or to decrease T2, keeping T1 constant. Explain?

(c) Establish the inequality of Clausius’?

12. What is a Carnot cycle? What are the four processes which constitute the cycle? Establish the
inequality of Clausius’?

13. What is the critical state? Explain the terms critical pressure, critical temperature and critical
volume of water?
14. What is meant by quality of energy? Why is energy of a fluid at higher temperature more
than that at lower temperature

15. A 500-kg iron block is initially at 200°C and is allowed to cool to 27°C by transferring heat
to the surrounding air at 27°C. Determine the reversible work and the irreversibility for this process
16. A stationary mass of gas is compressed without friction form an initial state of 0.3m 3 and
0.105MPa to a final state of 0.15m3 and 0.105 MPa. There is a transfer of 37.6 kJ of heat from the gas
during the process. How much does the internal energy of gas change?

17. A gas in a piston–cylinder assembly undergoes an expansion process for which the
relationship between pressure and volume is given by
pVn = constant
The initial pressure is 3 bar, the initial volume is 0.1 m3, and the final volume is 0.2 m3. Determine the
work for the process, in kJ, if
n= 1.5, (b) n = 1.0, and (c) n = 0.
18. Prove that the thermal efficiency of a heat engine cycle cannot be 100%.

a) Find the enthalpy and entropy of steam when pressure is 2MPa and the specific volume is
0.09m3/kg.

b) Find the enthalpy, entropy, and volume of steam at 1.4 MPa,380°C


19. Air enters a compressor operating at steady state at a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 290
K, and a velocity of 6 m/s through an inlet with an area of 0.1 m2. At the exit, the pressure is 7 bar, the
temperature is 450 K, and the velocity is 2 m/s. Heat transfer from the compressor to its surroundings
occurs at a rate of 180 kJ/min. Employing the ideal gas model, Calculate the power input to the
compressor, in kW.
20. A cylinder fitted with a piston has an initial volume of 0.1 m3 and contains nitrogen at 150
kPa, 25◦C. The piston is moved, compressing the nitrogen until the pressure is 1 MPa and the
temperature is 150◦C. During this compression process heat is transferred from the nitrogen, and the
work done on the nitrogen is 20 kJ. Determine the amount of this heat transfer.
21. 0.44 kg of air at180oC expand adiabatically to three times its original volume and during the
process there is a fall in temperature to 15oC, the work done during the process is 52.5 kJ.Calculate cp
and cv
22. What is quasi-static process and what is its characteristic feature in thermodynamics?
23. A certain gas has cp=1.968 kJ/kgK and cv=1.507 kJ/kgK .find its molecular weight and gas
constant.

24. A constant volume chamber of 0.3m3 capacities contains 2kg of gas at 5°C. Heat is
transferred to the gas until the temperature is 100°C. Find the work done, the heat transferred, and the
changes in internal energy, enthalpy and entropy?

25. Show that for an ideal gas the internal energy depends only on its temperature. Also show
that for an ideal gas, cp-cv=R.

26. Why does free expansion have zero work transfer? Explain?

27. An engine cylinder has a piston of area 0.12m2 and contains gas at pressure of 1.5MPa. The
gas expands according to a process which is represented by a straight line on pressure-volume diagram.
The final pressure is 0.15Mpa. Calculate the work done by the gas on the piston if the stroke is 0.30m.

28. A stationary mass of gas is compressed without friction form an initial state of 0.3m 3 and
0.105MPa to a final state of 0.15m3 and 0.105 MPa. The pressure remaining constant during the
process. There is a transfer of 37.6 kJ of heat from the gas during the process. How much does the
internal energy of gas change?

29. An iron cube at a temperature of 40oC is dropped into an insulated bath containing 10 kg
water at 25 oC. The water finally reaches a temperature of 50 oC at steady state. Given that the specific
heat of water is equal to 4186 J/kg K. Find the entropy change for the iron cube and the water .Is the
process reversible? if so, why ?

30. Heat is transferred to a heat engine from a furnace at a rate of 80 MW. If the rate of waste
heat rejection to a nearby river is 50 MW, determine the net power output and the thermal efficiency for
this heat engine.
31. Water, initially a saturated liquid at 1508oC (423.15 K), is contained in a piston–cylinder
assembly. The water undergoes a process to the corresponding saturated vapour state, during which the
piston moves freely in the cylinder. If the change of state is brought about by heating the water as it
undergoes an internally reversible process at constant pressure and temperature, determine the work
and heat transfer per unit of mass, each in kJ/kg.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy