UNIT III – CorelDRAW

1. Drawing Tools:

Lines & Shapes: CorelDRAW provides tools like the Freehand Tool for free-
drawn lines, Polyline Tool for connected line segments, Bezier Tool for
precision curves, and Artistic Media Tool for stylized strokes. Shapes include:

Rectangle Tool: For creating rectangles and squares.

Ellipse Tool: For circles and ellipses.

Polygon Tool: For polygons with customizable sides.

Star Tool: For creating stars with adjustable points.

Spiral Tool: Used to draw logarithmic and symmetrical spirals.

Inserting Pictures & Objects: CorelDRAW allows importing raster images

(JPEG, PNG, BMP), clipart, and vector objects. These can be resized, cropped,
or converted into vector format using PowerTRACE.

Tables & Templates: Tables organize content with rows/columns. Templates

are pre-designed layouts for common needs like business cards, posters,
banners, etc., which can be customized.

2. Toolset Functions:
Pick Tool: Selects objects; enables move, resize, rotate, and skew operations.

Zoom Tool: Zooms in/out to work with fine details or see overall layout.

Freehand Tool: Draws lines and curves with mouse drag, ideal for rough
sketches.

Rectangle Tool: Draws rectangles; hold Ctrl to draw squares.

Text Tool: Supports Artistic Text (for headlines, creative layouts) and
Paragraph Text (for large bodies of text).

Fill Tool: Adds color or pattern fills:

Uniform Fill: Solid colors.

Fountain Fill: Gradient between two or more colors.

Pattern Fill: Bitmap or vector patterns.

Texture Fill: Realistic textures.

PostScript Fill: Uses PostScript commands to generate fill patterns.

 3. Menu Bar Options:

File Menu: For creating, opening, saving, exporting, printing.

Edit Menu: Cut, copy, paste, undo, redo, duplicate objects.

View Menu: Toggles rulers, grids, guidelines, and wireframe views.

Layout Menu: Page setup, margins, page number insertion.

Arrange Menu: Align, distribute, group, ungroup, combine, order objects.

Effects Menu: Apply transparency, drop shadows, envelope distortions, lens

effects.

4. Design Principles & Color Harmony:

Design Principles:

Balance: Equal visual weight.

Contrast: Difference between elements to highlight key points.

Emphasis: Creating a focal point.

Proximity: Related items grouped together.

Alignment: Clean lines and structure.

Repetition: Reuse elements for consistency.

White Space: Breathing room around elements.

Color Harmony:

Complementary: Colors opposite each other (e.g., red & green).

Analogous: Colors next to each other (e.g., blue, cyan, green).

Triadic: Evenly spaced around the color wheel (e.g., red, yellow, blue).

5. Introduction to Colors (RGB & CMYK):

RGB (Red, Green, Blue): Additive color model for digital displays. Mixing all
produces white.

CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black): Subtractive model for printing. Mixing
all produces black.

Primary Colors:
RGB: Red, Green, Blue.

CMYK: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow (Black is added for depth).

Secondary Colors:

RGB: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow.

CMYK: Red, Green, Blue.

UNIT IV – Photoshop

1. Introduction to Photoshop: Adobe Photoshop is a pixel-based (raster)

image editor used for graphic design, photography, animation, and
digital painting. It is widely used for creating web graphics, editing
photos, and compositing images.

2. Anatomy of Photoshop Interface:

Menu Bar: Hosts commands like File, Edit, Image, Layer, etc.
Toolbar: Contains tools for painting, editing, and navigation.

Options Bar: Context-sensitive bar that changes with the selected tool.

Panels:

Layers Panel: Displays all layers.

History Panel: Tracks all changes.

Adjustments Panel: Non-destructive image corrections.

Canvas/Workspace: Main area for editing.

3. Concepts:

White in Design: Represents brightness and clarity. Commonly used as

background.

Background Layer: Initial locked layer of an image.

Layers: Think of them as transparent sheets stacked over one another.

Supports blending modes, opacity control, and masks.
 4. Basic Image Operations:

Altering Size:

Image > Image Size – for resolution and dimension control.

Image > Canvas Size – for expanding or cropping workspace.

Cropping: Trim unnecessary areas.

Transforming: Free Transform (Ctrl+T) enables scaling, rotating, skewing,

flipping.

5. Tools:

Selection Tools:

Marquee Tool: Rectangular, Elliptical selections.

Lasso Tool: Freeform selections.

Magic Wand Tool: Selects based on color.

Brush Tool: Paints custom strokes.

Clone Stamp Tool: Duplicates part of an image.

Healing Brush Tool: Blends imperfections.

Eraser Tool: Removes pixels from a layer.

6. Image Modes:

RGB (web), CMYK (print), Grayscale (monochrome), Bitmap (2-color), Indexed

Color (web graphics).

7. Save Selection:

Selections can be saved for reuse or precise masking using Select > Save
Selection.

8. Image Adjustments:

Brightness/Contrast, Levels, Curves: Used for tonal corrections.

Hue/Saturation, Color Balance: For color grading.

Black & White, Photo Filter, Invert: Artistic and color transformation tools.
 9. Flattening Image:

Combines all layers into a single layer.

Necessary before exporting to formats like JPEG.

Layer > Flatten Image.

10. Image Preparation:

Adjust exposure using Levels/Curves.

Remove dust/spots using Clone Stamp/Healing Brush.

Apply unsharp mask or Smart Sharpen before final output.

11. Filters and Effects:

Filters under Filter Menu:

Blur (Gaussian, Lens), Sharpen, Noise, Distort (Ripple, Twirl), Stylize (Emboss,
Glowing Edges).
Use Smart Filters by converting a layer to a Smart Object first.

12. Animation with ImageReady / Photoshop Timeline:

ImageReady (now obsolete) allowed GIF animations.

In modern Photoshop:

Open Window > Timeline.

Choose Create Frame Animation or Video Timeline.

Duplicate frames, set duration, tweak layers per frame.

Export using File > Export > Save for Web (Legacy) for GIFs or Render Video
for MP4.