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Verb Patterns

The document outlines three types of verb patterns: verb + to infinitive, verb + gerund, and verb + infinitive. It details the uses of to infinitives and gerunds, including their roles as subjects, objects, and after certain expressions, along with lists of verbs that can be followed by either form. Additionally, it explains the differences in meaning when certain verbs are followed by infinitives or gerunds.

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5 views3 pages

Verb Patterns

The document outlines three types of verb patterns: verb + to infinitive, verb + gerund, and verb + infinitive. It details the uses of to infinitives and gerunds, including their roles as subjects, objects, and after certain expressions, along with lists of verbs that can be followed by either form. Additionally, it explains the differences in meaning when certain verbs are followed by infinitives or gerunds.

Uploaded by

anaacuestaaunon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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VERB PATTERNS

There are 3 kinds of verb patterns:

1. Verb + to infinitive
2. Verb + gerund
3. Verb + infinitive

1. TO INFINITIVES

 They can be used for the following purposes:

a) To complete the meaning of a verb: The child started to cry


b) To complete the meaning of adjectives: John seem anxious to leave
c) To show purpose: He works overtime to earn extra money
d) After too and enough: He arrived too late to see the first act
She wasn’t strong enough to lift the box
e) To describe ability to do sth. with how: Celia has learnt how to read
f) After what, which, whose, how…: I don’t know which road to take
g) As an object in sentences with It as subject (“it” refers to the infinitive)
It is not always possible to get 8 hours’ sleep each night.

 We can find two structures for the infinitive:

 V + SOMEONE + TO INFINITIVE: Myron taught his daughter to play the violin

#advise convince hire persuade urge


#allow dare instruct #prefer want
ask encourage invite #recomme warn
beg expect need nd
cause #forbid order remind
challenge force #permit require
teach

NOTE: # These verbs can also be followed by a gerund without change in meaning

 V + TO INFINITIVE: John refused to sign the contract

afford decide manage *regret want


agree demand mean *remember wish
appear deserve need seem
arrange expect offer *stop
ask fail plan struggle
beg *forget prepare swear
care hesitate pretend threaten
claim hope promise volunteer
consent learn refuse wait

NOTE: * These verbs can also be followed by a gerund with a change in meaning.
2. GERUNDS

They can be used as:

1. Subject: Fishing is a pleasant activity


2. Object: My husband enjoys fishing
3. Object of a preposition: My family is interested in fishing

Since a gerund functions as a noun, the possessive form of a noun or a pronoun


must be used with a gerund:
Unfortunately, we missed his speech about Early Man
Unfortunately, we missed his speaking about Early Man

 List of verbs followed by Gerund

admit discuss mind resist


#advise dislike miss *remember
#allow enjoy postpone risk
anticipate finish #permit suggest
appreciate #forbid practice tolerate
avoid *forget quit *regret
complete imagine recall understand
continue keep #recommend *stop
delay *mean regret
deny mention resent

NOTE: # also followed by an infinitive without change in meaning.


* also followed by an infinitive with change in meaning
 After the following expressions:

can’t stand/ can’t bear spend money/ spend time


can’t help be used to/ get used to
have a good / hard time sit + expression of place + ING
have a problem / difficulty stand + expression of place + ING
have trouble lie + expression of place + ING
mind/ never mind look forward to
make money feel like
be no use go

VERBS FOLLOWED EITHER BY AN INFINITIVE OR A GERUND WITH NO CHANGE IN


MEANING

Advise: + noun / pronoun + TO INFINITIVE: The teacher advised me to read the book
+ ING: The teacher advised reading the book

Prefer: + TO INFINITIVE + rather than + TO INFINITIVE: I prefer to drive rather


than to walk
+ GERUND + to + GERUND: I prefer driving to walking
VERBS FOLLOWED EITHER BY AN INFINITIVE OR A GERUND WITH CHANGE IN
MEANING

Stop: + INFINITIVE= “to interrupt, to halt”. It has the idea of purpose: He stopped to talk to
him
+ GERUND = “give up, quit”: The baby suddenly stopped crying.

Remember / Forget: + INFINITIVE= what you have to do. These verbs express the earlier
action
Regret Don’t worry I will remember to feed the cat
1º 2º
+ GERUND= what you have done in the past. The gerund is the earlier
action
I remember seeing the Alps when I was 7
2ª 1º

Mean: + INFINITIVE = “intend”: I mean to get the top by sunrise


+ GERUND = “involve”: He is determined to get a seat even if it means standing in a
queue

3. INFINITIVES WITHOUT TO

They follow MAKE, LET, modal verbs and certain expressions.

Can may
Could might
Will must
Would had better
Shall would rather/sooner* (=prefer)
should would you please

PREFER + to infinitive + RATHER THAN+ infinitive


PREFER+ gerund + TO+ gerund

*I’D RATHER + bare infinitive + THAN + bare infinitive

I prefer to swim rather than to run


I prefer swimming to running
I’d rather swim than run

PADLET con ejemplos de gerundios e infinitivos en canciones

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