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2.1. Notes ITMTB

The document contains notes for a Mathematics 1B course focusing on the definite integral and its applications. It outlines learning outcomes, provides prescribed reading materials, and includes examples and activities related to evaluating definite integrals. Key concepts such as Riemann sums and the limit definition of integrals are discussed to enhance problem-solving skills in integration.

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Loyiso Mbelebele
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7 views

2.1. Notes ITMTB

The document contains notes for a Mathematics 1B course focusing on the definite integral and its applications. It outlines learning outcomes, provides prescribed reading materials, and includes examples and activities related to evaluating definite integrals. Key concepts such as Riemann sums and the limit definition of integrals are discussed to enhance problem-solving skills in integration.

Uploaded by

Loyiso Mbelebele
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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18/02/2025, 18:24 2.1.

Notes | Eduvos

2.1. Notes

Site: Eduvos LMS Printed by: Mari-Ann Jardine


Course: Mathematics 1B Date: Tuesday, 18 February 2025, 6:24 PM
Book: 2.1. Notes

Table of contents
1. Learning outcomes
2. The Definite Integral
2.1. Activity

1. Learning outcomes

By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

Apply knowledge and skills relating to integration to solve problems.

Prescribed Reading
James Stewart; Daniel K. Clegg; Saleem Watson. Calculus, Early
Transcendentals, International Metric Edition 9th Edition,
Cengage Learning EMEA, 2021. ISBN: Print ISBN: 9780357113516,
0357113519. eText ISBN:9780357439197, 0357439198

Chapter 5, Section 5.2

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2. The Definite Integral

Given the function f that is defined on the closed interval, b ≤ x ≤ d .


The interval [b, d] is divided into n number of subintervals of equal width,

Δx =
b−d

n
.

Allowing x (= b), x , x , . . . x (= d) to be the endpoints of the subintervals, we allow x


0 1 2 n
∗
1
∗
2
∗
, x , . . . , xn to be random
sample points in the subintervals, therefore x lies in the ith subinterval.
∗
n

Thus, the definite integral of the function f from b to d is


b n
∗
∫ (f (x) dx) = limn→∞ ∑ (f (x )Δx)
d i=1 i

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on the condition that this limit exists and gives the same value for all possible choices of the sample points.

If the limit exists, then the function is integrable on [b, d].The definite integral is a number.
The limit is called the definite integral of the function from b to d .
The number d is called the lower limit of integration.
The number b is called the upper limit of integration.

Example 1
Evaluate the definite integral using the limit definition, ∫ 2

0
(2x + 1) dx . Answer = 12

Example 2
Evaluate the Riemann sum for f (x) = 2x 2
− 3x + 4 on 1 ≤ x ≤ 4 with n = 6 subintervals, using right endpoints as the sample
points. Answer = 26.625

Example 3

Evaluate the definite integral, ∫


0
2
(3x
2
− 4x + 1) dx . Answer = 2

Example 4
π

Evaluate the definte integral, ∫ 0


2
sin(x) dx . Answer = 1

2.1. Activity

Activity
Use the form of the definition of the integral given in the
theorem below to evaluate the integral, ∫ x − 3x dx 1

0
3 2

Theorem 4 If f is integrable on [a,b], then


b n
∗
∫ (f (x) dx) = limn→∞ ∑ (f (x )Δx)
a i=1 i

where Δx = b−a

n
and x i = a + iΔx

Activity Memo

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