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lab # 7 hijab

The document outlines the objectives and significance of signal timing and phasing in traffic engineering, focusing on minimizing vehicle delay, enhancing safety, and coordinating multiple intersections. It details key components of signal timing, types of traffic signal control, and the concept of phase plans for managing traffic movements. The document also explains protected, permissive, and pedestrian phases in traffic signal operations.

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18 views4 pages

lab # 7 hijab

The document outlines the objectives and significance of signal timing and phasing in traffic engineering, focusing on minimizing vehicle delay, enhancing safety, and coordinating multiple intersections. It details key components of signal timing, types of traffic signal control, and the concept of phase plans for managing traffic movements. The document also explains protected, permissive, and pedestrian phases in traffic signal operations.

Uploaded by

hijabnasir49
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TRAFFIC ENGINEERING (TE- 206L)

LAB # 7
SIGNAL TIMING & PHASING STUDY
Objective:
. Determining signal timing and phase is essential for determining the operation
of signalized intersections. The primary objectives include:
 Minimizing Average Vehicle Delay
 Enhancing Safety
 Coordinating Mul tiple Intersections
Significance:
By determining signal timing a traffic engineer can provide traffic flow
efficiency, in following ways:
 Helps minimize congestion by allocating green time efficiently.
 Reduces travel time and improves the overall flow of vehicles.
 Prevents excessive queuing at intersections.

RELATED THEORY
Signal Timing:
Signal timing is how traffic engineers decide the order and length of green, yellow,
and red lights at intersections. This process ensures that vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists
move safely and efficiently through crossings.
 Key Components:

1. Cycle Length: The total time for a traffic signal to complete one full sequence of all
directions. i.e green light to green light.

2. Phases: Specific periods assigned to particular traffic movements, like left turns or
straight-through traffic.

3. Splits: How the green time is divided among different traffic movements within a
cycle.

4. Offsets: The time difference in starting green lights between neighboring


intersections to allow smooth traffic flow along a route.
 Traffic Signal Control Types:
Traffic signals use different methods to manage the flow of vehicles
and pedestrians at intersections. Following are the main types:

1. Fixed-Time Signals: These lights change at set intervals, regardless of traffic


conditions. For example, they might switch every 60 seconds, whether cars are
present or not.

2. Actuated Control:
Signals adjust based on real-time traffic detected by sensors.

Two subtypes:

i. Semi-Actuated: Sensors on minor roads trigger signal changes, while major


roads have fixed green times.
i. Fully Actuated: All approaches have sensors, allowing dynamic signal
adjustments.

Fig shows signalized intersection


 Phase plan:
A traffic signal phase plan is a strategy that describes how traffic lights at an
intersection change to manage the movement of vehicles and pedestrians safely and
efficiently.
o Phase:
A specific period during which certain traffic movements are
allowed. For example, one phase might allow northbound and
southbound traffic to move straight, while another phase permits left
turns from both directions.

Fig shows the phase diagram

Protected Phase:
Certain traffic movements, like left turns, have a dedicated green arrow signal, allowing
them to proceed without conflicting with other vehicles or pedestrians.
Permissive Phase:
Vehicles are allowed to make certain movements, such as left turns, after yielding to
oncoming traffic and pedestrians.
Pedestrian Phase:
A designated time during the signal cycle when pedestrians are allowed to cross the street,
often indicated by "WALK" signals or a walking person symbol.

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