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CHS Module 5 - Diagnose
and Troubleshoot Computer
Systems
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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
PUBLIC TECHNICAL!"CATI"NAL
HI#H $CH""L$

Competenc% Based Learnin&

'aterial
Third (ear

Module #5

Dia&nosin& and Troubleshootin&

Computer $%stems
Unit of Competency:
Dia&nose and Troubleshoot Computer $%stems
Qualification
Computer Hard)are $er*icin& II

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TABLE "+ C"NTENT$

Page

How to Use this Module.....................................................................................i

.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................. 1

Intoduction.......................................................................................................ii

!echnical !ems...............................................................................................iii

"eaning utcome 1........................................................................................1

Infomation $heet 1.1........................................................................................%

peation $heet 1.1 ..........................................................................................&

Infomation $heet 1.'............................................................................(

$elf Chec) 1.1.................................................................................................1*

"eaning utcome '........................................................................................11

Infomation $heet '.1......................................................................................1'

Infomation $heet '.'.........................................................................15

peation $heet '.1.........................................................................................1(

"eaning utcome %........................................................................................1+

Infomation $heet %.1..................................................................................... 1,

$elf Chec) %.1.....................................................................................'%

Infomation $heet %.'......................................................................................'-

peational $heet %.1......................................................................................%'

"eaning utcome -........................................................................................%%

Infomation $heet -.1......................................................................................%-

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peational $heet -.1......................................................................................%,

Infomation $heet -.'......................................................................................-1

peational $heet -.'......................................................................................--

$elf Chec) -.1.................................................................................................-5

nswe /eys...................................................................................................-&

c)nowledgement

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AC,N"-LED#E'ENT

Copyight Department of Education .//0

0ist Pulished 2U34 '**+

!his module was ased on the Competency6ased Cuiculum7Conte8tual "eaning

Mati8 9C6CC"M and finali;ed on the Instuctional Modules 0inali;ation <e=elopment
>o)shop conducted at the <e=elopment cademy of the Philippines? !agaytay City? on May &
1*? '**+.

!his leaning instument was de=eloped y the following pesonnel:

Technolo&% Teachers1
• 'r2 3emuel 3a% E2 (bane4
<on le@ando Aoces $. $cience !echnology
• 'r2 3oselito H2 5apanta
Beneal Maiano l=ae; !echnical High $chool
• 'rs2 'irasol +2 Dasi&
$an Pedo Aelocation Cente 3ational High $chool
• 's2 E*el%n U2 Escario
<on le@ando Aoces $. $cience !echnology
• 's2 Cherl%n +2 de Luna
ssemlywoman 0elicita B. 6enadino Memoial !ade $chool

Conte6tual Teacher1

• 'rs2 'a2 3osefina BuenoLuna

4. Aodiue; ocational High $chool

Encoder1

• 'rs2 'arites L2 Tele)i7

• 'ila&ros P2 A&uihap
<eped
• Nelson L2 Cleri&o

!his wo) was poduced with funding po=ided y the <epatment of 4ducation.

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H"- T" U$E THI$ '"DULE

>elcome to the Module “Computer Hardware Servicing NC II” 2 !his module
contains taining mateials and acti=ities fo you to complete.
!he unit of competency “Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems”
contains )nowledge? s)ills and attitudes eDuied fo a Computer Hardware Servicing
NC II couse.
Eou ae eDuied to go though a seies of leaning acti=ities in ode to complete
each of the leaning outcomes of the module. In each leaning outcome thee ae
Infomation $heets? 2o $heets? peation $heets? and cti=ity $heets. 0ollow these
acti=ities on you own and answe the $elfChec) at the end of each leaning acti=ity.

If you ha=e Duestions? donFt hesitate to as) you teache fo assistance.

Reco&nition of Prior Learnin& 8RPL9

Eou may aleady ha=e some of the )nowledge and s)ills co=eed in this module
ecause you ha=e:
o een wo)ing fo some time
o leady ha=e completed taining in this aea.

If you can demonstate to you teache that you ae competent in a paticula s)ill o
s)ills? tal) to himGhe aout ha=ing them fomally ecogni;ed so you donFt ha=e to do
he same taining again. If you ha=e a Dualification o Cetificate of Competency fom
pe=ious tainings show it to you taine. If the s)ills you acDuied ae still cuent
and ele=ant to this module? they may ecome pat of the e=idence you can pesent
fo AP". If you ae not sue aout the cuency of you s)ills? discuss it with you
taine.

fte completing this module as) you teache to assess you competency. Aesult of
you assessment will e ecoded in you competency pofile. ll the leaning
acti=ities ae designed fo you to complete at you own pace.

Inside this module you will find the acti=ities fo you to complete followed y
ele=ant infomation sheets fo each leaning outcome. 4ach leaning outcome may
ha=e moe than one leaning acti=ity.

!his module is pepaed to help you achie=e the eDuied competency? in diagnosing
and touleshooting compute systems. !his will e the souce of infomation that
will enale you to acDuie the )nowledge and s)ills independently at you own pace
o with minimum supe=ision o help fom you teache.

<!4: Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems Page

esion i

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PogamG Couse: Computer Hard)are $er*icin& NC II

Unit of Competency: Dia&nose and Troubleshoot Computer
$%stem
Module: Dia&nosin& and Troubleshootin& of Computer $%stem

INTR"DUCTI"N1

!his module contains infomation and suggested leaning acti=ities on Compute

Hadwae $e=icing 3CII.

Completion of this module will help you ette undestand the succeeding module
on configuing and maintaining compute systems.

!his module consists of : leaning outcomes. 4ach leaning outcome contains leaning
acti=ities suppoted y instuction sheets. 6efoe you pefom the instuctions ead the
infomation sheets and answe the selfchec) and acti=ities po=ided to as cetain to youself and
you teache that you ha=e acDuied the )nowledge necessay to pefom the s)ill potion of the
paticula leaning outcome.

Upon completion of this module? epot to you teache fo assessment to chec) you
achie=ement of )nowledge and s)ills eDuiement of this module. If you pass the assessment? you
will e gi=en a cetificate of completion.

$U''AR( "+ LEARNIN# "UTC"'E$1

Upon completion of the module you should e ale to:

"1. 0omulate plans and pepae fo diagnostic pocedue fo compute systems
"'. <iagnose faults and othe defects of compute systems
"%. Aeplace and po=ide emedies fo defecti=e compute pats
"-. !est un system and netwo)s

A$$E$'ENT CRITERIA

Aefe to assessment citeia o leaning outcomes # of this module.

1. Plans and poceedings confom to the @o eDuiements ae fomulated.

'. H$ policies ae caied out along with the @o eDuiements
%. Coodination with the teache concen and client is ta)en into consideation efoe any
implementation is caied out.
-. AeDuied mateials fo the @o ae otained and =alidated against the eDuiements of the
tas).
5. ppopiate tools eDuipment and testing de=ices ae eDuested efoe the pope
opeation and safety.
&. Compute system netwo) defects ae confimed against @o eDuiements.
(. $tandad pocedues fo fault and polemsdiagnosing ae done accoding to
eDuiements.
<ate: Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems Page
esion ii

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+. 4megency pocedues ae put unde contol accodance with the estalished pocedues.
,. ccidental e=ents o conditions ae esponded accoding to the estalished standad
opeating pocedues.
1*. ppopiate pesonal potecti=e eDuipment is used.
11. 3ecessay coections and impo=ements o ad@ustments ae e8ecuted with the appo=al
of the client and the teache in chage.
1'. <iscading o eplacement of defecti=e components Gpats aiding with en=ionmental
laws and egulations is caied out.
1%. ccidental e=ents o conditions ae esponded to accoding to the estalished standads
and pocedues.
1-. H$ standads ae consideed in the choice of eDuipment.
15. !est un the compute system is e8ecuted fo ensuing safe opeation.
1&. ccidental e=ents o conditions ae esponded to accoding to estalished standads and
pocedues.
1(. n accomplishment epot is sumitted to teaches concened in compliance with the
su@ect eDuiements.

TECHNICAL TER'$

0use 7 Potecti=e de=ice against powe suges

0imwae is a comination of hadwae and softwae? it is a pogam integated on a chip.

<efag pocess of eogani;ing and ewiting files.

0om facto  a standad si;e and shape of compute susystem

<ate: Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems Page
esion iii

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People wae  the pesons using the compute in the goal of finding solutions to a ette and impo=ed
daily life. !hese can ange fom the asic wodpocessing to the moe ad=anced system pogamming.

Hadwae  the physical and tangile component of electonic data pocessing. !hese ae the monitos?
)eyoad? mouse? all inputGoutput de=ices? as well as intenal memoy system.

$oftwae  the intangile element composed of pogams that instuct computes what to do.

4lecticity  a fom of enegy compising cetain chage paticles? such as electons and potons.

Powe  is the ate in which electic enegy is fed o ta)en fom a de=ice measued in watts.

oltage  is the tem used to designate electic pessue that e8ists etween two points.

PP4  Pesonal Potecti=e 4Duipment

6!  is the pocess of tuning on the compute unit.

CM$  Complementay Metal 8ide $emiconducto

6I$  6asic InputGutput $ystem

<$  <is) peating $ystem

AM  Aead nly Memoy

P$!  Powe n $elf !est

<$" 7 <igital $uscie "ine

U!P cale 7 Unshielded !wisted Pai cale

UP$ 7 Uninteuptile Powe $upply

B 7 ideo Baphic dapte

U$6 7 Uni=esal $eial 6us

CPU 7 Cental Pocessing Unit

H$ 7 ccupational Health and $afety

"C< 7 "iDuid Cystal <isplay

CA! 7 Cathode Aay !ue

AM 7 Aandom ccess Memoy

<IMM 7 <oule Inline Memoy Module

IG 7 InputGutput

<ate: Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems Page

esion i=

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<ate: Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems Page

esion =

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Pogam couse : Computer Hard)are $er*icin& NCII

Unit of Competency : Dia&nose and Troubleshoot Computer
$%stem
Module : Dia&nosin& and Troubleshootin& of Computer
$%stem
L"2; Title 1 +ormulate Plans and Prepare for Dia&nostic
Procedure for Computer Troubleshootin&

Assessment Criteria1

1. Plans and poceedings that confom to the @o eDuiements ae fomulated.
'. H$ policies ae caied out along with the @o eDuiements
%. Coodination with the teache concened and client is ta)en into consideation efoe any
implementation is caied out.
-. AeDuied mateials fo the @o ae otained and =alidated against the eDuiements of the
tas).
5. ppopiate tools eDuipment and testing de=ices ae eDuested efoe the pope
opeation and safety.
&. Compute system netwo) defects ae confimed against @o eDuiements.

Resources1
E<uipment=+acilities Tools > Instruments $upplies > 'aterials
$e=e Multiteste Connectos? A2-5
Compute peipheals <iagnostic softwae daptos
<es)top computes ppopiate softwae 6us wies and cales
Blasses ssoted plies ppopiate softwae
Mas) ssoted scew di=es Compute stoage media
Blo=es $oldeing gun
ntistatic wist stap llen )ey
U$6 0lash di=e

References1
1. Mc"aughlin? Aoet? $asse?$usan? Aalston?May.0i8 Eou wn PC.Philippine Baphic ts?
Inc !andang $oa $t.Caloocan City
'. Mealco 0aoundation. Micocompute $e=icing Plus. Pasig City? Philippines.
%. "egaspi? Calos? Caia? Ma) nthony. peate  Pesonal Compute. <asmaias Compute
"eaning Cente.<asmaias?Ca=ite? Philippines
-. 6igelow? $tephen 2. PC !echnicianFs !ouleshooting ?McBaw Hill
5. www.helpwithpcs.com
&. http:GGen.wi)ipedia.og
(. www.techsoup.og
+. www.howstuffwo)s.com
,. www.micosoft.comGtechnetGnetwo)

I30AM!I3 $H44! 1.1

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1

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Plan and Preparin& Dia&nostic Procedure

PC Dia&nosin&

Poaly the most fustating polem compute uses un into ae
statup polems? whee you compute wonFt oot. 4Dually annoying
ae eo messages you constantly un into duing you computeFs
statup pocess. In this module you will e gi=en a few tips on how
you can a=oid some of the most common polems that happen ight
afte you compute tuns on.

Troubleshootin& Plan for Personal Computers

Ho) to Troubleshoot the Computer?

Hee you will lean the asic touleshooting methods of you compute.

 Trial and error1 >hen you find a faulty component in you compute? chec) it with the
othe computes so that you can ma)e sue whethe the fault is in the component o not.
 Chec7 cables1 In case of any de=ice failue? chec) all the cales of you compute such
as data cales? powe cale? intenal cicuity cales and ma)e sue that all these ae
plugged in and wo)ing fine.
 Hard)are settin&s1 Chec) the hadwae settings in the CM$ and in the de=ice
manage of the system and ma)e all the de=ice di=es ae up to date and all the cads ae
plugged in popely.
 Notice chan&es1 >hen you notice a softwae o hadwae eo in you compute?
detemine what was changed efoe the polem occued
 E*ent *ie)er1 In the e=ent =iewe? you will find the eo o waning messages
associated with any faulty hadwae o softwae.
 'a7e notes1 !ouleshooting is a ig leaning option and we can lean a lot when we
face any )ind of touleshooting in ou compute. Ma)e notes including the eo
messages and thei solutions? so that you ha=e a ecod on how a cetain polem
occued and how did you sol=e it.

$ample Dia&nostic Plan

"ist down all possile components to e chec)ed ased on the symptoms.

$%mptoms1 Dead Computer 'onitor #ood Defecti*e Remed%

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems '

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AC outlet

A!R

A!R fuse

'onitor Po)er Cable

'onitor $)itch

Po)er $uppl%

Common Trouble for Computer Units

1. <oule chec) the powe connections.

'. oltage Aegulato and powe supply could cause powe failue in the compute unit.
%. Chec) the powe cods and cale connectos in you compute unit.
-. Unseated cad. "oose cads could cause it to malfunction.
5. <o you ha=e in) o tones in you pinte Chec) the in) tonesGcatidges in you
pintes.
&. Chec) the oot seDuence configuation in the ad=ance 6I$ 96asic InputGutput Unit
setup.

Dia&nosin& Net)or7 Connection

!hese ae the things to loo) fo if a PC will not connect to the intenet o netwo).

• 0ist chec) the cale connecting to the netwo) cad into the netwo) hu.

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems %

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• Chec) the ac) of the compute to see if the netwo) cad light is on
• Chec) the netwo) cale
• Chec) the netwo) HU6

Net)or
7 HUB

Net)or7
Net)o card
r7
cable

"PERATI"N $HEET ;2;

Dia&nostic Plan

E<uipment@ Tool@ 'aterials1

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems -

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E<uipment

Compute unit

Tools

Multiteste
Philip $cew di=e

'aterials

6ond pape
Aule
PencilG4ase

Dia&nose a Computer Po)er $uppl%

Ceate a diagnostic plan fo touleshooting a powe supply with the use of the following
tools? mateials and eDuipment.

Eou will e assessed using the following citeia

E*aluation1
CRITERIA Ratin&
1. $eDuence of steps in diagnosing is followed. '*J
'. se=ance of safety pecautions. '*J

%. ppopiate tools ae used in diagnosing. %*J

-. Ceating a diagnostic plan fo touleshooting. %*J

1**J

IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET ;2.

Tools for Testin& Computer $%stem

!ools and eDuipment play a =ital ole in touleshootingK it helps the use to detemine the eos
found in you compute hadwae and netwo).

Tools used to test hard)are problems1

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 5

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1. $cew di=esis used to install and emo=e scews in you compute unit.

'. Plies and twee;es is used fo pic)ing small pats in you compute unit.

%. $oldeing ion is pimaily used fo connecting teminals in you powe supply and cicuit
oad with the use of a soldeing lead.

-. ntistatic wist stap? mat and spay ae used to eliminate electostatic dischage in you
wo) aea.

5. "ens cleaneis used fo cleaning optical media? such as <<AM$ and C<wites.

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems &

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&. !hemal pasteis a paste used fo heat dissipation fo you pocesso.

Net)or7 Troubleshootin& Tools

1. "3 !este 7 is a de=ice used to test the netwo) connection..

'. Cimping tool is a de=ice used to cimp the A2-5 connecto to the U!P cale.

$elf Chec7 ;2;

Place %our ans)ers on %our noteboo7:

1. 4numeate the si8 tools used fo touleshooting.

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems (

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a.
.
c.
d.
e.
f.
'. 4numeate the two netwo) touleshooting tools.
a.
.

Pogam couse : Computer Hard)are $er*icin& NCII

Unit of Competency : Dia&nose and Troubleshoot Computer
$%stem
Module : Dia&nosin& and Troubleshoot of Computer
$%stem

L". 1 Dia&nose Computer and "ther Defects

+aults of Computer $%stems

Assessment Criteria1

1+. $tandad pocedues fo fault and polemsdiagnosing ae done accoding to
eDuiements.
1,. 4megency pocedues ae put unde contol accodance with the estalished pocedues.
'*. ccidental e=ents o conditions ae esponded accoding to the estalished standad
opeating pocedues.
'1. ppopiate pesonal potecti=e eDuipment is used.

Resources1
<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems +

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E<uipment=+acilities Tools > Instruments $upplies > 'aterials

$e=e Multiteste Connectos? A2-5
Compute peipheals <iagnostic softwae daptos
<es)top computes ppopiate softwae 6us wies and cales
Blasses ssoted plies ppopiate softwae
Mas) ssoted scew di=es Compute stoage media
Blo=es $oldeing gun
ntistatic wist stap llen )ey
U$6 0lash di=e

References1

1. Mc"aughlin?Aoet? $asse?$usan? Aalston?May.0i8 Eou wn PC.Philippine Baphic

ts? Inc !andang $oa $t.Caloocan City
'. Mealco 0aoundation. Micocompute $e=icing Plus. Pasig City? Philippines.
%. "egaspi?Calos? Caia? Ma) nthony. peate  Pesonal Compute. <asmaias
Compute "eaning Cente.<asmaias?Ca=ite? Philippines
-. 6igelow?$tephen 2. PC !echnicianFs !ouleshooting ?McBaw Hill
5. www.helpwithpcs.com
&. http:GGen.wi)ipedia.og
(. www.techsoup.og
+. www.howstuffwo)s.com
,. www.micosoft.comGtechnetGnetwo)

<ate: "1. 0omulate Plans and Pepae fo <iagnostic Pocedues of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems ,

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IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET .2;

Personal Protecti*e E<uipment

Personal Protecti*e E<uipment includes1

1. $afety Pecautions
'. Pe=enti=e Maintenance
%. Potecti=e <e=ices
-. ccident Aepots

$afet% precautions

Pope pepaation is the )ey to a successful uilt. 6efoe you egin? ma)e sue that you ha=e the
tool you will need? and secue a clea welllit wo)place. Bathe all the components youFll e
using and unpac) them at the same time. 0ind a dy? well=entilated place to do you wo)? you
should choose an aea without capets? ecause it tends to ceate static electicity. lways )eep
in mind that pesonal potection is one of the taits of a good technician.

Pre*enti*e 'aintenance

Maintenance is )eeping something in wo)ing ode. It includes epai? testing? ad@usting?

and eplacing pats of a compute o a peipheal.

T%pes of Pre*enti*e 'aintenance

• Acti*e
• Passi*e

Acti*e 7 this is caied out efoe polems de=elop in a compute unit.

Passi*e 7 this is caied afte polems ha=e de=eloped in the compute unit.

Personal Protecti*e De*ices

1. nti$tatic <e=ices
'. Powe $uge Potecto <e=ices

Anti$tatic de*ices
!hese ae the de=ices used to potect compute units fom electo static dischage.

• ntistatic >ist $tap

<ate: "'.<iagnose Compute faults and othe defects of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 11

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• ntistatic Mat

• ntistatic 6ag

Po)er $ur&e Protector De*ices

n appliance designed to potect electical de=ices fom =oltage spi)es.  suge potecto
attempts to egulate the =oltage supplied to an electic de=ice y eithe loc)ing o y shoting to
gound =oltages ao=e a safe theshold.

• utomatic oltage Aegulatos 9A

• Uninteuptile Powe $upply 9UP$

Accident reports

0oms used to gi=e specific details with egads to the accidents happed in the laoatoy duing
e8peiments.

<ate: "'.<iagnose Compute faults and othe defects of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1'

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ccident epots contain the following details:

 3ame of the peson in@ued
 <ate and time of the accident
 !ype of in@uy
 0ist aid gi=en
 ction ta)en to pe=ent futhe accidents

Accident report sample form

0om 3o: <ate:

Accident Report +orm
Am. 3o:
3ame: EG$ec:

!ype of In@uy Cause of In@uy Aemedy

IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET .2.

<ate: "'.<iagnose Compute faults and othe defects of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1%

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Techni<ues for Dia&nosin& Computer $%stem

Techni<ues for dia&nosin& computer s%stem

1. Compute <iagnosis
'. Aules In <iagnosing Compute $ystem
%. 0actos Causing Compute 0ailues and <efects
-. Polem Isolation
5. Component Isolation

Computer Dia&nosis
$ometimes when the polem with a system is not totally appaent and the polem may e
intemittent? using a asic common diagnostic pocedue may help detemine what is wong.
!his pocedue has a nume of steps that? if followed each time? can e of help.

Rules in Dia&nosin& Computer $%stem

;2 ,no) the facts

• 4ducate oneself on all aspects and opeation of compute pats.
• Continuous leaning on compute technology.
.2 Use %our common sense
2 +ocus on +ield Replaceable Units
• Identify the diffeent types of 0AU that can e used fo eplacement o
suassemly.
:2 Proper assembl% and disassembl%

Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects

;2 People)are
.2 +irm)are
2 $oft)are
:2 Hard)are
2 $tatic8E$D9
2 Electricit%

People)are
• Untained pesonnel would poaly damage pogams in PC.

+irm)are
• Pogams o softwae unt in chips may e coupted.

$oft)are
• Coupted opeating systems would cause the system to fail.

Hard)are
• <efecti=e hadwae components would lead to compute malfunction.

<ate: "'.<iagnose Compute faults and othe defects of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1-

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• Hadwae conflicts and =iuses can hinde you computes pefomance.

E$D 8Electro $tatic Dischar&e

• 4lecto static dischage can easily damage sensiti=e components in you compute.

Electricit%
• Incoming supply fom C outlet must e egulated? powe suges can damage compute
units.

Problem Isolation
Polem isolation is a detecti=e wo) in which you need to detemine what is out of the
odinay y ma)ing detailed ose=ation of what is not wo)ing nomally and ecod any
infomation as you poceed. !he infomation you will e ale to gathe will help diagnose you
compute. Eou need to ose=e wisely. "oo) fo any anomalities in the unit? any change in
smell o foeign smell? listen to all the sounds? and eo codes.

Component Isolation

!his section will aid in detemining components in you system which ae failing. 0ist?
most systems ha=e % ma@o componentsK monito? system unit? and pintes. $ome ha=e multiple
e8tenal de=ices. !o touleshoot? you need to isolate ma@o components which ae failing to
opeate.

+i&ure ;2 Computer s%stem connections

"PERATI"N $HEET .2;

+ault% Connection of Computer Peripherals

E<uipment@ Tools@ and 'aterials1

$ystem unit?

<ate: "'.<iagnose Compute faults and othe defects of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 15

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Monito?
/eyoad
Mouse
Pinte
Powe plugs
A
.

Common Connection Errors

Bi=en with the diffeent eDuipments? diagnose and identify common connection eos messages
and symptoms in compute system.

Eou will e assessed using the following citeia

E*aluation1
CRITERIA Ratin&
1. $eDuence of steps in diagnosing is followed.
-*J
'. se=ance of safety pecautions. '*J

%. $tandad pocedues in diagnosing ae pefomed.

-*J

1**J

<ate: "'.<iagnose Compute faults and othe defects of compute systems Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1&

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Pogam couse : Computer Hard)are $er*icin& NCII

Unit of Competency : Dia&nose and Troubleshoot Computer $%stem
Module : Dia&nosin& and Troubleshoot of Computer $%stem

L"2 Title 1 Replace and pro*ide remedies for defecti*e computer parts

Assessment Criteria1

1. 3ecessay coections and impo=ements o ad@ustments ae e8ecuted with the appo=al
of the client and the teache inchage.
'. <iscading o eplacement of defecti=e componentsGpats aiding with en=ionmental
laws and egulations is caied out.
%. ccidental e=ents o conditions ae esponded to accoding to the estalished standads
and pocedues.
-. H$ standads ae consideed in the choice of the eDuipment.

Resources1
E<uipment=+acilities Tools > Instruments $upplies > 'aterials
$e=e Multiteste Connectos? A2-5
Compute peipheals <iagnostic softwae daptos
<es)top computes ppopiate softwae 6us wies and cales
Blasses ssoted plies ppopiate softwae
Mas) ssoted scew di=es Compute stoage media
Blo=es $oldeing gun
ntistatic wist stap llen )ey
U$6 0lash di=e

Reference1

1. Mc"aughlin?Aoet? $asse?$usan? Aalston?May.0i8 Eou wn PC.Philippine Baphic

ts? Inc !andang $oa $t.Caloocan City
'. Mealco 0aoundation. Micocompute $e=icing Plus. Pasig City? Philippines.
%. "egaspi?Calos? Caia? Ma) nthony. peate  Pesonal Compute. <asmaias
Compute "eaning Cente.<asmaias?Ca=ite? Philippines
-. 6igelow?$tephen 2. PC !echnicianFs !ouleshooting ?McBaw Hill
5. www.helpwithpcs.com
&. http:GGen.wi)ipedia.og
(. www.techsoup.og
+. www.howstuffwo)s.com
,. www.micosoft.comGtechnetGnetwo)
IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET 2;

Proper Replacement of Components or Parts

<ate: "%.Aeplace and po=ide emedies fo defecti=e compute pats Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1+

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Computer Parts Replacement

Aeplacing compute pats and peipheals you need to conside the following factos:
1. Compatiility of the component o pat
'. Conside the component specification
%. Components fom facto

Compatibilit% of the Component

>hen eplacing compute pats you should chec) if it is compatile with you unit. <oule chec)
on you compute manual if the component you ae eplacing is compatile o not with the unit
ecause this may lead to system cash.

Component $pecification
!his focuses on the specification of the component. Chec) if the =oltage ating? cuent ating?
memoy si;e and feDuency matches you compute unit.

+orm factor
!he componentsF manufactue should e consideed. Chec) if the unit you ae tying to epai o
upgade is geneic o anded units. 6anded units ha=e thei own set of components compatile
only to thei units? while genetic types can e used only to geneic type of units.

List of Components Commonl% Replaced in a Computer $%stem

'emor% is technically any fom of electonic stoageK it is used most often to identify fast?
tempoay foms of stoage. It is commonly called AM 9Aandom ccess Memoy.

!ideo Cards is also efeed to as a &raphics accelerator? is an item of pesonal compute

hadwae whose function is to geneate and output images to a display.

<ate: "%.Aeplace and po=ide emedies fo defecti=e compute pats Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems 1,

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Net)or7 Interface Card 7 is also )nown as "3 cad.  PC inteface to netwo) caling. It is
a piece of compute hadwae designed to allow computes to communicate o=e a compute
netwo)

Hard dis7 dri*e 7 is a fi8ed compute stoage medium

'otherboard 7 is also )nown as the mainoad. It contains cicuits that pefom =aious
functions.

Processor 7 is also )nown as CPU o the Cental Pocessing unit

<ate: "%.Aeplace and po=ide emedies fo defecti=e compute pats Page
esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems '*

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#eneral $afet% Tips and Reminders

 se=e good house)eeping in the aea of the machines duing and afte maintenance.
 Place emo=ed co=es and othe pats in a safe place? away fom all pesonnel? while you
ae se=icing the machine.

Dress for the 3ob

 /eep you tool case away fom wal) aeas so that othe people will not tip o=e it.
 <o not wea loose clothing that can e tapped in the mo=ing pats of a machine. 4nsue
that you slee=es ae fastened o olled up ao=e you elows. If you hai is long? use
hai net o hai cap.
 Inset the ends of you nec)tie o scaf inside clothing o fasten it with a nonconducti=e
clip? appo8imately % inches fom the end.

 <o not wea @ewely? chains? metalfame eyeglasses? o metal fastenes fo you clothing.

Remember1 Metal o@ects ae good conductos

 fte se=ice? einstall all safety shields? guads? laels? and gound wies. Aeplace any
safety de=ice that is won out o defecti=e.
 0inally? einstall all co=es coectly efoe etuning the unit to the customes.

Electrical safet%
4lectic cuent fom powe? telephone? and communication cales can e ha;adous. !o a=oid
pesonal in@uy o eDuipment damage? disconnect the attached powe cods? telecommunications
systems? netwo)s and modems efoe you open the se=eGwo)station co=es? unless instucted
othewise in the installation and configuation pocedue.

Precautions
 <isconnect all powe efoe:

− Pefoming a mechanical inspection

− >o)ing nea powe supplies
− Aemo=ing o installing main units
 6efoe stating wo) on the machine? unplug the powe cod.

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 Never assume that powe has een disconnected fom a cicuit. 0ist? check that it has
een poweedoff.
 lways loo) caefully fo possile ha;ads in you wo)
− Moist floos
− 3ongounded powe e8tension cales
− Powe suges.
 If an electical accident occus:
− Use caution
− $witch off powe
− $end anothe peson to get medical aid

$afet% Inspection #uide

1. !hese steps will help you to identify potentially unsafe conditions on these poducts:
 Chec) e8teio co=es fo damage 9loose? o)en? o shap edges
 Poweoff compute. <isconnect the powe cod.
 !he powe cod should e the appopiate type.
 Insulation on the powe cod must not e fayed o won out.
 Aemo=e the co=e.
 Chec) fo any o=ious alteation. Use good @udgment as to the safety of any
alteations.
 Chec) fo won out? fayed o pinched cales.
 Chec) that the powesupply co=e fastenes 9scews o i=ets ha=e not een
emo=ed o tampeed with.

$elf Chec7 2;

Place %our ans)er on %our noteboo7

1 .Bi=e the functions of each component.

1. Memoy
'. ideo cad
%. 3IC
-. Motheoad
5. H<<

'. 0actos to conside when eplacing a component.

1.
'.
%.

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IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET 2.

Adustments@ 'odifications and Up&radin&

Up&radin& (our Computer Components

!o upgade means to change some pats with faste and ette pefoming ones. !hese pats may
e=en cost less and moe poweful.

Commonl% Up&raded Computer Parts:

'onitors  eplaced old CA! monitos to new "C<

monitos.

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"ptical dri*es old cdom di=es ae commonly eplaced with <<AM and <<
wites.

Hard Dri*es small capacity had di=es ae eplaced with faste and high capacity had
di=es.

,e%boards and mouse )eyoads and mouse ae commonly eplaced with optical mouse
and wieless )eyoads.

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RA' 9Aandom ccess Memoy upgading the computeFs memoy o AM speeds up
the pefomance of the compute

!ideo cards upgade computeFs gaphics cad to impo=e the computes pefomance in
tems of gaphics and games.

Processors eplacing the possessos inceases the data pocessing speed.

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'odem installing a modem enales you compute to connect to the intenet.

Ho) to $peed up the Computer

1. <efagmente utility: utomatically analy;es the empty dis) space on the had dis) and defag
all scatteed files.

'. $hutdown Unnecessay pogams: Close all unwanted pogams at the >indows statup and
this will automatically incease the windows loading time and speed of the compute will also e
inceased.

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Close the
unnecessar%
pro&rams

%.Inceased memoy: inceasing the memoy in the system will esult to e8ceptional speed of
you compute.

-. <is) Cleanup: Eou can delete unwanted pogams and files fom you compute and this will
e helpful in inceasing the speed.

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5. 4mpty Aecycle 6in: <elete all the files and foldes fom the ecycle in and you will get the
space of C di=e fo eusaility.

'emor% Up&rade

!o ma)e you compute faste you can upgade its memoy? hee ae the steps in upgading you
computes memoy

1. Aemo=e the memoy modules fom the slot.

'. In +i& ;2. the notches we ha=e ma)ed as A ae used fo
the e@ecto clip on the <IMM slot.

!he notches we ha=e ma)ed as B ae used to align the

memoy module with the <IMM slot )ey C as shown in +i&
;22

In +i& ;2 you can see the e@ecto clips 9D? using you
finge? push these into the down position as shown in +i&
;2 this allows the memoy to e inseted.

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%. 3ow you ae eady to install the module? ensuing the

notches line up with the )eys gently ut fimly push the
memoy into the slot until it is seated fully9see +i& ;2:9? the
e@ecto clips should ise to the =etical position as shown in
+i& ;2.

-. 3ow you memoy is installed. 6e sue you ha=enLt

loosened any cales while wo)ing and also ensue that the
memoy module is full% seated and the e@ecto clips ae in
the =etical position.

!ideo card Up&rade

Installin& the *ideo card

3e8t ta)e the =ideo cad 9hold it y the edges and line it up with the slot paying caeful attention
to the alignment notch? when it is aligned coectly pess gently ut fimly until the cad is seated
fully and e=enly into the slot 9see fi& ;2.

>hen you ae happy that the cad is fimly in place? inset the fi8ing scew fi& ;2: and chec) to
ma)e sue you ha=enLt loosened anything duing installation.

Aeplace the case co=e and econnect the mains powe.

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>hen you eoot you machine >indows 9o othe $ should find the cad automatically? it
may then as) you to inset the dis)GC< that came with you =ideo cad? inset the C< and follow
the onsceen instuctions to install the =ideo cad di=e.

Hard Dri*e Up&rade

!he fist thing to do 9afte emo=ing the case co=es is to locate the di=e ay whee the had
di=e will go 9see fi& ;2 elow.

In ou e8ample in fi& ;2 ao=e we ha=e a di=e aleady

in the ay so you can see moe clealy whee it should e
situated.

!he ne8t step is to attach the I<4 and powe cales.

In fig 1.- elow you can see a standad I<4 Cale? note thee ae % connections 9notice the
diffeence in distance etween the connectos? connection  plugs into the motheoad and
then the sla=e and maste connections ae used fo I<4 de=ices such as had di=es? if you ae
only installing one di=e o the new di=e is to e the maste then use the maste connecto? if the
di=e is to e the sla=e then use the sla=e connecto.

!he I<4 cale will e ma)ed down one side with a ed
o lac) stip? this denotes Pin 1? match this with the Pin
1 indicato on the ac) of the had di=e.

!he powe cale you will find in you case attached to you powe supply? you can see an
e8ample elow in fig 1.5

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"PERATI"N $HEET 2;

Hard)are Up&rade

Tool@ 'aterials@ and E<uipment

Tools

Philip $cew <ei=e

ntistatic wist stap
ntistatic mat

E<uipment

3etwo) Cad

Net)or7 Card Up&rade

Bi=en the tools and mateials? upgade you compute y installing a netwo) cad.

Eou will e assessed using the following citeia

E*aluation1
CRITERIA Ratin&
1. se=ance of safety pecautions %*J
'. ppopiate tools ae used in upgading %*J

%. 3ecessay impo=ement and ad@ustment ae done in tems up

-*J
upgading.

. 1**J

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Pogam couse : Computer Hard)are $er*icin& NCII

Unit of Competency : Dia&nose and Troubleshoot Computer $%stem
Module : Dia&nosin& and Troubleshootin& of Computer
$%stem

L"2: Title 1 Testrun the computer s%stem

Assessment Criteria1

1. !estun of the compute system is e8ecuted fo ensuing safe opeation.

'. ccidental e=ents o conditions ae esponded to estalishe standads and pocedues.
%. n accomplishment epot is sumitted to teaches concened in compliance with the
su@ect eDuiements.

Resources1
E<uipment=+acilities Tools > Instruments $upplies > 'aterials
$e=e Multiteste Connectos? A2-5
Compute peipheals <iagnostic softwae daptos
<es)top computes ppopiate softwae 6us wies and cales
Blasses ssoted plies ppopiate softwae
Mas) ssoted scew di=es Compute stoage media
Blo=es $oldeing gun Cale tie
ntistatic wist stap
U$6 0lash di=e

Reference1

1. Mc"aughlin?Aoet? $asse?$usan? Aalston?May.0i8 Eou wn PC.Philippine

Baphic ts? Inc !andang $oa $t.Caloocan City
'. Mealco 0aoundation. Micocompute $e=icing Plus. Pasig City? Philippines.
%. "egaspi?Calos? Caia? Ma) nthony. peate  Pesonal Compute. <asmaias
Compute "eaning Cente.<asmaias?Ca=ite? Philippines
-. 6igelow?$tephen 2. PC !echnicianFs !ouleshooting ?McBaw Hill
5. www.helpwithpcs.com
&. http:GGen.wi)ipedia.og
(. www.techsoup.og
+. www.howstuffwo)s.com
,. www.micosoft.comGtechnetGnetwo)
IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET :2;

Testin& Computer $%stem

Three 'aor Components of Computer $%stem1

• Hadwae
• $oftwae
<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page
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• 0imwae

Test (our Hard)are

Chec)ing you compute hadwae and its peipheals

1. Computer 'onitor and its peripherals

 Monito and inteface cales
 ideo cad
 Monito powe cale

Interface cables

!ideo cards

'onitor po)er
cable

'. ,e%board and 'ouse

• /eyoad connecto
• Mouse Connecto

,e board connecter

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

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'ouse connector

%. I=" port and de*ices

• Connection etween the IG pot and the peipheal de=ice
•  faulty cale etween the IG pot and the peipheal de=ice
•  faulty peipheal de=ice
• Incoect settings in the $ystem $etup pogam
• Incoect settings in the systemLs configuation files
• 0aulty IG pot logic on the system oad

$erial I="
ortscircuit board

Parallell orts

-. Po)er suppl%
• Powe cod
• 0use

Po)er cord

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

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+use Po)er plu&

Po)er suppl%

Testin& (our $oft)are

Chec) the diffeent softwae installed in the compute.
1. peating system
• Aun li=e updates fo you opeating systems to get the latest patches and
potection fo you $.
• Aun egisty scannes to chec) the $ egisty configuation

'. pplication $oftwae

• Chec) fo li=e updates

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

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%. nti=ius softwae
• Aun anti=ius pogam
• Chec) fo =ius signatue updates
• Chec) fo spywae updates

Test (our +irm)are

0imwae a comination of hadwae and softwae integated on a chip.

How do you test you fimwae

48ample: Chec) fo the coect configuation on you fimwae? you can accomplish this y
configuing the
6I$ in the
compute
<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page
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$ample Accomplishment Report +orm

!as) to e accomplished $tatus

Hadwae component testing >o)ing 3ot wo)ing
popely popely

$oftwae testing $tatus

>o)ing 3ot wo)ing
popely popely

"PERATI"N $HEET :2;

Testin& a Computer Unit

E<uipment@ Tools@ and 'aterials1

Tools

Multiteste
$cew di=e

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

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E<uipment

Compute unit
Monito
/eyoad and mouse
Powe cales

'aterials

6ond pape
Aule and Pencil

Hard)are Testin& and Documentation

!est the following compute peipheals and eDuipment with the use of the tools po=ide.
<ocument you testing with the use of an accomplishment fom.

ssigned !as) Condition

Hadwae component testing >o)ing popely 3ot wo)ing
popely

Compute monito

Powe supply

/eyoad

Mouse

Eou will e assessed using the following citeia

E*aluation1
CRITERIA Ratin&
1. $eDuence of steps in testing is followed. '*J
'. se=ance of safety pecautions. '*J

%. ppopiate tools ae used in testing. %*J

-. Ceating a accomplishment epot. %*J

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems %,

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1**J

IN+"R'ATI"N $HEET :2.

Enumeratin& unpredicted e*ents

Error Beep codes

>hen a PC is fist switched on o eset it pefoms a special diagnostic test called a P$!
9Powen $elf !est? to chec) all of the components in the PC the P$! pogam sends out a
signal to each de=ice initiali;ing each de=iceLs uiltin self test pocedue.

The P"$T test is a t)o sta&e process1

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esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems -*

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1. 0ist it will chec) all of the asic components including among othe things the system cloc)?
the pocesso? AM? the )eyoad contolle and the ideo
'. fte the =ideo has een tested the 6I$ will then
indicate any eos encounteed y displaying eithe a
numeic code o a te8t message on the sceen.

>hen a de=ice fails the fist pat of the P$!? the

6I$ will send a seies of eeps fom the PCLs spea)e
9intenal to infom the PC use that thee is a polem? these
eeps ae coded allowing the use to diagnose the toulesome component.
>hen the P$! has een completed successfully the PC will ma)e a shot eep to let the use
)now e=eything is as it should e.

Three maor brands of BI"$ chip

1. >A< 6I$
'. Phoeni8 6I$
%. MI 6I$
4ach type of 6I$ chip has it own eo code

A'I BI"$ ERR"R BEEP C"DE$

Indicato 4o message $olutions
1 6eep Memoy efesh failue Chec) memoy
Memoy paity eo
' 6eeps Chec) memoy
Memoy eadGwite eo
% 6eeps Chec) memoy
Motheoad time not
functioning
-6eeps Pocesso eo Aeplace motheoad
Aeplace pocesso
56eeps Bate '*G)eyoad
contolle failue Aeplace motheoad
& 6eeps
Pocesso e8ception Aeplace pocesso
inteupt
( 6eeps
<isplay memoy Aeplace =ideo cad
eadGwite failue
+ 6eeps
AM chec)sum eo Aeplace 6I$
chipGMotheoad
, 6eeps CM$ shutdown
eadGwite eo Aeplace 6I$
chipGMotheoad
1* 6eeps 6ad cache memoy
Aeplace cache memoy

11 6eeps

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems -1

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Phoeni6 BI"$ ERR"R BEEP C"DE$

Phoeni8 6I$ eep codes ae a seies of eeps sepaated y a pause? fo e8ample:
beep  beep beep  beep  beep beep would e ;.;.

Indicato 4o message $olutions

11-1 Cache eo Chec) cache memoy
Chec) 6I$ AM
1''% 6I$ AM Chec)sum

<AM test ate Chec) <AM

1%11
/eyoad contolle test Chec) )eyoad
1%1% AM failue contolle
Chec) memoy
1%-1 AM failue data its of
low memoy us Chec) memoy
1%-%

AM failue data its of

high memoy us
Chec) memoy
1-11 AM copyight notice

!est fo une8pected

inteupt Chec) AM
'1'%

''%1

A-ARD BI"$ ERR"R BEEP C"DE$

Indicato 4o message $olutions

ne long eep and two ideo eo Aeplace =ideo cad
shot eeps

!wo shot eeps 3onfatal eo Aeset AM? Chec) othe

components.

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems -'

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"PERATI"N $HEET :2.

Error codes

E<uipment@ Tools@ and 'aterials1

Tools

$cew di=es
ntistatic wist stap

E<uipment

Compute unit

'emor% Error Codes

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems -%

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Bi=en the tools and eDuipment? identify the memoy eo code y emo=ing the module in the
compute unit

Eou will e assessed using the following citeia

E*aluation1
CRITERIA Ratin&
1. se=ance of safety pecautions. %*J
'. ppopiate tools ae used in testing. %*J

%. Identifying the eo code. -*J

1**J

$elf Chec7 :2;

Place %our ans)ers on %our noteboo7:

nswe the following Duestions

1. >hat does the aconym P$! stand fo

'. !hee types of 6I$ chip 4numeate the thee common ands of 6ios
Chip
%. Identify the following eo codes:

• 1''%
• 1%-1
• '1'%
• 11-1
• 1%11

<ate: "-.!estun compute system Page

esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems --

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esions Module 5. <iagnosing and !ouleshooting of compute systems -5

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Ans)er ,e% ;2;

1. !ools fo toule shooting.

• $cew di=es
• Plies and twee;es
• $oldeing ion
• ntistatic wist stap
• "ens cleane
• !hemal paste

'. !ools fo netwo) touleshooting:

• "3 teste
• Cimping tool
Ans)er 7e% 2;

1. 4numeate the commonly upgaded compute pats

• Monito
• ptical di=es
• Had di=e
• /eyoad and Mouse

'. 4numeate the & steps to speed up you compute.

• <efagmente utility
• $hutdown Unnecessay pogams
• Incease Memoy
• <is) Cleanup
• 4mpty Aecycle 6in

Ans)er 7e% :2;

1. P$! Powe n $elf !est

'. 6I$ ands

a. MI
. >A<
c. Phoeni8

%. Identify the eo code:

• 1''% 6I$ AM chec)sum
• 1%-1AM 0ailue
• '1'%AM copyight notice
• 11-1Cache eo
• 1%11<AM fesh ate

<ate: Page
Module 5. <iagnosing and ! ouleshooting of compute systems
esions -&

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Module 5. <iagnosing and ! ouleshooting of compute systems
esions -(

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