BIBLE QUIZ PREP ON EXODUS

Chapter 1:1-22 Israel’s Suffering in Egypt

• The chapter begins by recounting the names of Jacob’s sons who came to Egypt
with their families: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Benjamin, Dan,
Naphtali, Gad, and Asher (Exodus 1:1-4). Together with Joseph (already in Egypt),
the total number of Jacob's descendants was seventy.

• Over time, the Israelites multiplied greatly, becoming exceedingly numerous and
strong, filling the land of Egypt.

• A new king (Pharaoh) came to power in Egypt, who did not know Joseph or
acknowledge his contributions. He feared the growing numbers of the Israelites,
viewing them as a potential threat to Egypt’s security.

• Pharaoh subjected the Israelites to oppressive labor, forcing them to build supply
cities, Pithom and Raamses, for Egypt (Exodus 1:11).

• Despite the harsh treatment, the Israelites continued to multiply, which frustrated
Pharaoh further. The Egyptians intensified their cruelty, making the Israelites' lives
bitter with hard labor in mortar, brick, and fieldwork.

• Pharaoh ordered the Hebrew midwives, Shiphrah and Puah, to kill all Hebrew baby
boys at birth but to let the girls live.

• The midwives, however, feared God and disobeyed Pharaoh’s orders, allowing the
boys to live (Exodus 1:17).

• When Pharaoh questioned the midwives, they claimed the Hebrew women gave
birth before the midwives could arrive. God blessed Shiphrah and Puah for their
obedience and gave them households of their own (Exodus 1:20-21).

• Pharaoh commanded all Egyptians to throw every Hebrew baby boy into the Nile
River, escalating his efforts to control the Israelite population (Exodus 1:22).
Chapter 2:1-25 The Birth and Preservation of Moses:

• A man from the tribe of Levi married a Levite woman, and they had a son (later
named Moses). Recognizing that he was a beautiful child, his mother hid him for
three months to protect him from Pharaoh’s decree to kill Hebrew male infants.

• When she could no longer hide him, she placed him in an ark of bulrushes, sealed it
with asphalt and pitch, and set it among the reeds of the Nile River. His sister
watched to see what would happen to him.

• Pharaoh’s daughter found the baby while bathing in the Nile. She felt compassion
upon discovering he was a Hebrew child.

• Moses’ sister approached Pharaoh’s daughter and offered to find a Hebrew nurse for
the baby. Pharaoh’s daughter agreed, and Moses’ own mother was chosen to nurse
him.

• When Moses grew older, he was brought to Pharaoh’s daughter, who adopted him
and named him Moses, meaning “Because I drew him out of the water.”

• As an adult, Moses witnessed an Egyptian beating a Hebrew. In defense of his fellow

Hebrew, Moses killed the Egyptian and buried him in the sand.

• The next day, when Moses tried to mediate between two quarreling Hebrews, one of
them questioned his authority and mentioned the murder. Realizing the deed was
known, and fearing Pharaoh’s wrath, Moses fled to Midian.

• In Midian, Moses encountered seven daughters of a priest (Reuel, also called Jethro)
at a well. He defended them from shepherds and helped water their flock.

• Grateful, Reuel invited Moses to his home, and Moses later married one of his
daughters, Zipporah. They had a son, Gershom, whose name means "I have been a
stranger in a foreign land."
 • While Moses was in Midian, the Israelites in Egypt groaned under their bondage and
cried out to God. God heard their cry, remembered His covenant with Abraham,
Isaac, and Jacob, and prepared to act on their behalf.

Chapter 3:1- Moses and the Burning Bush:

• While tending the flock of Jethro (his father-in-law) near Mount Horeb, Moses
noticed a bush that was on fire but was not consumed. Intrigued, he approached to
investigate (Exodus 3:1-3).

• From the burning bush, God called Moses by name. Moses responded, “Here I am.”
God instructed Moses to remove his sandals because the ground was holy.

• God introduced Himself as the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and Moses hid
his face in reverence and fear (Exodus 3:4-6).

• God revealed He had heard the cries of the Israelites in their bondage and declared
His plan to deliver them from Egypt and bring them to a land “flowing with milk and
honey”—the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and
Jebusites (Exodus 3:7-9).

• God appointed Moses to lead the Israelites out of Egypt. Moses expressed doubt
about his ability, asking, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh?” God assured him
of His presence, promising that Moses would worship God on that mountain after
the deliverance (Exodus 3:10-12).

• When Moses asked what name he should give to the Israelites when they asked who
sent him, God said, “I AM WHO I AM.” He instructed Moses to tell the Israelites, “I
AM has sent me to you” (Exodus 3:13-14).

• God told Moses to gather the elders of Israel and share the plan of deliverance,
promising to bring them out of Egypt’s affliction.
 • Moses was to approach Pharaoh with the request for the Israelites to go into the
wilderness to worship God. God foretold that Pharaoh would resist, but He would
strike Egypt with wonders, and the Israelites would leave with favor and plunder
from the Egyptians (Exodus 3:15-22).

EXODUS 4:1-31 Miraculous Signs for Pharaoh

Moses' Reluctance and God's Signs (Exodus 4:1-9)

• Moses expresses concern that the Israelites will not believe him when he tells them
that God has sent him. He doubts his ability to convince them.

• God gives Moses three signs to perform to prove his divine mission:
• The Staff Turns to a Serpent: Moses throws his staff on the ground, and it becomes a
serpent. When Moses picks it up, it turns back into a staff.

• Moses places his hand in his bosom, and when he pulls it out, it is leprous. When
he puts it back, it is healed.

• If the first two signs are not enough, Moses can pour water from the Nile river and
pour it on the dry land, and it will turn into blood on the dry land.

(Exodus 4:10-13)

• Moses continues to hesitate, citing his lack of eloquence and being "slow of speech
and slow of tongue." He fears he won’t be able to speak to Pharaoh effectively.

• God reassures Moses that He made man's mouth, the mute, the deaf, the seeing,
or the blind. and will help him speak. He reminds Moses that He is in control of the
situation.

• Moses, still reluctant, asks God to send someone else.

God’s Anger and Appointment of Aaron (Exodus 4:14-17)

 • God becomes angry with Moses' continued reluctance but assures him that his
brother Aaron will be his spokesman.

• God appoints Aaron to speak to the people of Israel and to Pharaoh on Moses'
behalf.
• God gives Moses the command to take the staff (which was turned into a serpent)
and perform signs and wonders in Egypt.

Moses Returns to Egypt (Exodus 4:18-23)

• Moses returns to Jethro, his father-in-law, and asks for permission to return to Egypt
to free the Israelites.

• God speaks to Moses, telling him that those who sought his life (the Pharaoh) are
now dead. He is to go and tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go.

• God reminds Moses that Pharaoh will not let the people go without a mighty hand,
but God will stretch out His hand and strike Egypt with all the wonders He will
perform.

• On the way back to Egypt, at a place where they stopped for the night, the Lord
sought to kill Moses.

• Moses' wife, Zipporah, takes a sharp stone, circumcises their son, and touches
Moses' feet with the foreskin, saying, "Surely you are a husband of blood to me." This
act appeased God, and Moses was spared.

• The Lord tells Aaron to meet Moses in the wilderness. Aaron obeys and meets
Moses at the mountain of God.

• Moses and Aaron come together and share what God has told them. Moses tells
Aaron about the signs and wonders that they are to perform before Pharaoh.
 • Moses and Aaron gather the elders of Israel, and Aaron speaks to them. He
performs the signs, and the people believe that God has visited them and is
concerned about their suffering.

• At this point, Moses is 80 years old (Exodus 7:7).

• Aaron is 83 years old (Exodus 7:7).
• Mount Horeb (Sinai): Where Moses encounters God in the burning bush.
• Midian: Where Moses was living in exile and where he meets Zipporah and Jethro.

Exodus 5:1-23 First Encounter with Pharaoh

Moses and Aaron Confront Pharaoh (Exodus 5:1-2)

• Moses and Aaron approach Pharaoh and deliver the message from God, saying,
"Thus says the Lord God of Israel: 'Let My people go, that they may hold a feast to Me
in the wilderness.'"

• Pharaoh responds by questioning who the Lord is and refuses to let the Israelites
go. He says, "Who is the Lord, that I should obey His voice to let Israel go? I do not
know the Lord, nor will I let Israel go."

Pharaoh Increases the Israelites' Burden (Exodus 5:3-14)

• Despite Pharaoh's refusal, Moses and Aaron continue to ask for the release of the
Israelites to allow them to worship God in the wilderness.

• Pharaoh reacts harshly by accusing the Israelites of being lazy and refusing their
request. He orders that the Israelites be given even more difficult tasks, increasing
their workload.

• Pharaoh commands the taskmasters and officers to no longer supply the Israelites
with straw for making bricks but to force them to gather their own straw while still
maintaining the same brick quotas. This makes their labor much more difficult.
 • The Israelite overseers, who are in charge of the laborers, are beaten because they
cannot meet their brick quotas. They cry out to Pharaoh, asking why they are being
treated this way, but Pharaoh remains unmoved.

The Israelite Elders’ Complaint (Exodus 5:15-21)

• The Israelite overseers go to Pharaoh to plead for relief, but he dismisses them,
telling them they are lazy. The situation worsens as their workload becomes
unbearable.

• The Israelite leaders go to Moses and Aaron, blaming them for making their situation
worse. They accuse Moses and Aaron of stirring up trouble with Pharaoh, which has
led to increased suffering.

Moses' Prayer to God (Exodus 5:22-23)

• Moses' Complaint to God: Moses, feeling rejected and defeated, goes before God
and questions why He sent him to Egypt if things are only getting worse for the
Israelites. Moses expresses his frustration that Pharaoh is making life harder for the
people and that God has not yet delivered them.

Exodus chapter 6:1-30 God Renews His Promise to Israel

God’s Assurance to Moses (Exodus 6:1-9)

• After Moses' complaint to God in Chapter 5, God speaks to Moses again and
reassures him that Pharaoh will indeed let the Israelites go, but only after God
performs mighty acts in Egypt.

• God tells Moses, "Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh." God will stretch out
His hand and bring Israel out of Egypt "with a strong hand and an outstretched arm."

• God reminds Moses that He appeared to the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob) as God Almighty (El Shaddai), but His name "LORD" (Yahweh) had not been
fully known to them.

• God recalls His covenant with the patriarchs to give them the land of Canaan and
affirms His intention to deliver the Israelites.
 • God tells Moses to speak to the Israelites and tell them that God will deliver them
from slavery and give them the Promised Land. However, the Israelites do not listen
to Moses due to their broken spirits and harsh labor.

Moses' Objection to God’s Command (Exodus 6:10-13)

• Despite God's reassurances, Moses expresses concern about his ability to convince
Pharaoh and the Israelites. He fears that his earlier failure has undermined his
credibility.

• God commands Moses to go to Pharaoh once again and demand the release of the
Israelites. God, however, reassures Moses that He will perform mighty acts of
judgment, and Pharaoh will ultimately relent.

Genealogy of Moses and Aaron (Exodus 6:14-27)

• The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these
are the families of Reuben.

• The sons of Simeon were: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul the son of
a Canaanite woman; these are the families of Simeon.

• These are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations: Gershon,
Kohath, and Merari; and the years of the life of Levi were one hundred and thirty-
seven.

• The sons of Gershon were Libni and Shimi, according to their families.

• And the sons of Kohath were Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel; and the years of the
life of Kohath were one hundred and thirty-three.

• The sons of Merari were Mahli and Mushi; these are the families of Levi according to
their generations.
 • Now Amram took for himself Jochebed, his father's sister, as wife; and she bore him
Aaron and Moses; and the years of the life of Amram were one hundred and thirty-
seven.

• The sons of Izhar were Korah, Nepheg, and Zichri.

• The sons of Uzziel were Mishael, Elzaphan, and Zithri.

• Aaron took to himself Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Nahshon, as wife;

and she bore him Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.

• The sons of Korah were Assir, Elkanah, and Abiasaph; these are the families of the
Korahites.

• Eleazar, Aaron's son, took for himself one of the daughters of Putiel as wife; and she
bore him Phinehas. These are the heads of the father’s houses of the Levites
according to their families.

Moses and Aaron: Both are descendants of Levi, from the family of Kohath. Amram, their
father, took Jochebed as his wife, and they had Moses and Aaron.

Exodus chapter 7-11 The 10 plagues

1. The Plague of Blood (Exodus 7:14-25)

• God instructs Moses and Aaron to go before Pharaoh and tell him that the river Nile
will turn to blood if he refuses to let the Israelites go.

• Aaron stretches out his staff over the waters of Egypt, and the water in the Nile
River, including in its tributaries, ponds, and reservoirs, turns to blood. The fish die,
and the water becomes undrinkable.
 • Pharaoh’s magicians replicate this miracle with their own magic, but Pharaoh’s
heart remains hardened. He refuses to let the Israelites go, and the plague lasts for
seven days.

2. The Plague of Frogs (Exodus 8:1-15)

• Moses and Aaron are instructed by God to tell Pharaoh that if he does not let the
Israelites go, the land will be overrun with frogs.

• Aaron stretches out his staff, and frogs come up from the Nile, covering the land of
Egypt, entering homes, ovens, and kneading bowls.

• Pharaoh begs Moses and Aaron to pray to God to remove the frogs, promising to let
the Israelites go. Moses prays, and the frogs die, but Pharaoh’s heart is hardened
again, and he does not keep his promise.

3. The Plague of Lice (Exodus 8:16-19)

• God commands Moses to tell Aaron to strike the dust of the earth, causing it to
become lice throughout all of Egypt.

• The dust of the land turns into lice, affecting people and animals. The magicians try
to replicate this but fail, and they acknowledge that it is "the finger of God."

• Despite the failure of his magicians, Pharaoh’s heart remains hard, and he refuses to
let the Israelites go.

4. The Plague of Flies (Exodus 8:20-32)

• God tells Moses to warn Pharaoh that He will send swarms of flies upon Egypt if
Pharaoh refuses to let the Israelites go.

• Swarms of flies infest the land, but the land of Goshen, where the Israelites live, is
spared. The flies cause devastation in Egypt, and Pharaoh asks Moses to pray for the
removal of the flies, promising to let the people go.

• After the flies are removed, Pharaoh’s heart is again hardened, and he does not fulfill
his promise.
5. The Plague of Livestock Disease (Exodus 9:1-7)

• God tells Moses to go to Pharaoh and announce that all the livestock of the
Egyptians will die if Pharaoh does not let the Israelites go.

• A severe disease strikes the Egyptian livestock (horses, donkeys, camels, cattle,
sheep, and goats), causing them to die. However, none of the Israelites’ livestock is
affected.

• Pharaoh investigates and finds that none of the Israelites' animals are harmed, yet
his heart is hardened, and he refuses to release the Israelites.

6. The Plague of Boils (Exodus 9:8-12)

• Moses and Aaron are instructed to take handfuls of soot from a furnace and throw it
into the air in Pharaoh’s presence.

• The soot turns to fine dust and causes painful boils to break out on humans and
animals throughout Egypt.

• Pharaoh’s magicians cannot stand before Moses due to the boils, but Pharaoh’s
heart remains hard, and he does not let the Israelites go.

7. The Plague of Hail (Exodus 9:13-35)

• God tells Moses to warn Pharaoh that a devastating hailstorm will strike Egypt, and
anyone left outside will perish.

• Hail, mixed with fire (possibly lightning), falls upon Egypt, destroying crops,
livestock, and anything left outside. However, the land of Goshen, where the
Israelites live, is spared.

• Pharaoh acknowledges his sin and asks Moses to pray for him. Moses prays, and the
hail stops. However, Pharaoh once again hardens his heart and refuses to let the
Israelites go.

8. The Plague of Locusts (Exodus 10:1-20)

 • God commands Moses to tell Pharaoh that if he refuses to let the Israelites go, a
swarm of locusts will come and consume everything that was not destroyed by the
hail.

• Locusts cover the land of Egypt, eating every remaining plant and tree, leaving
nothing green in Egypt.

• Pharaoh asks Moses to pray for the removal of the locusts, promising to let the
Israelites go. Moses prays, and the locusts are driven away, but Pharaoh’s heart is
hardened once again, and he does not keep his promise.

9. The Plague of Darkness (Exodus 10:21-29)

• God tells Moses to stretch his hand toward the sky, and a thick darkness will cover
Egypt.

• A supernatural darkness envelops Egypt for three days, so intense that it could be
felt. The Egyptians cannot see one another or move from their places, but the
Israelites have light where they live.

• Pharaoh offers to let the men go, but insists the women and children stay. Moses
refuses, saying that they must all go to worship God. Pharaoh becomes angry and
threatens Moses with death if he returns.

10. The Plague of the Death of the Firstborn (Exodus 11:1-10; 12:29-30)

• God instructs Moses that the final plague will be the death of all the firstborn in
Egypt, from Pharaoh’s firstborn to the firstborn of the animals.

• At midnight, God strikes down all the firstborn in Egypt, including Pharaoh’s firstborn
son. There is loud wailing throughout Egypt, as no house is spared from the death of
a firstborn.

• This final plague causes Pharaoh to urgently call for Moses and Aaron. He finally
agrees to let the Israelites go, along with their flocks and herds.

Exodus chapter 12:1-51 The Passover Instituted

Instructions for the Passover (Exodus 12:1-13)

God speaks to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt.

• God commands the Israelites to prepare for the first Passover, which marks their
deliverance from Egypt.

• The Israelites are instructed to take a male lamb without blemish, a year old, and
sacrifice it on the 14th day of the month (Abib). The lamb is to be slaughtered at
twilight.

• The blood of the lamb is to be placed on the doorposts and lintel of each Israelite
home. This will serve as a sign for God to "pass over" that house, sparing it from the
plague of the firstborn.

• The flesh of the lamb must be eaten on that night; roasted with fire, and it should be
eaten with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. No leftovers are to remain until
morning. Anything left over must be burned.

• It should not be eaten raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted in fire—its head
with its legs and its entrails.

• And they shall eat it with a belt on their waist, their sandals on their feet, and their
staff in their hand. So, they shall eat it in haste. It is the Lord’s Passover.

The Institution of the Feast of Unleavened Bread (Exodus 12:14-20)

• The 14th of Abib marks the beginning of the Passover festival. The Israelites are
instructed to keep this day as a feast to the Lord for generations to come.

• For seven days, the Israelites are to eat unleavened bread and remove all leaven
(yeast) from their homes. This signifies their hasty departure from Egypt, where
there was no time to let the bread rise.

• Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day you shall remove leaven
from your houses. For whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the
 seventh day, that person shall be cut off from Israel, whether he is a stranger or a
native of the land.

• On the first day there shall be a holy convocation, and on the seventh day there shall
be a holy convocation for you. No manner of work shall be done on them; but that
which everyone must eat—that only may be prepared by you.

• In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, you shall eat
unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening.

• Moses gives the instructions to the elders of Israel about the Passover. The blood of
the lamb on the doorposts will protect the Israelites from the coming plague.

• At midnight, the Lord strikes down all the firstborn in Egypt, both human and animal.
This includes Pharaoh’s firstborn son. There is a great cry in Egypt, for there is no
house without someone dead.

• Pharaoh summons Moses and Aaron in the middle of the night, urging them to leave
Egypt immediately, along with all their people and possessions.

The Exodus of the Israelites (Exodus 12:31-42)

• Pharaoh commands the Israelites to leave Egypt, taking their families, livestock,
and possessions with them. The Egyptians urge them to go quickly, afraid that they
will all die due to the plague.

• The Israelites take their dough, unleavened bread, and knead it into their kneading
bowls. They journey out of Egypt, a mixed multitude (including non-Israelites who
joined them) accompanying them.

• Then the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth. About 600,000
men, not including women and children, leave Egypt. The total number is much
higher when including families.
 • The Israelites had lived in Egypt for 430 years. This marks the beginning of their
journey to freedom.

The First Passover Observance (Exodus 12:43-51)

• God provides further instructions regarding the observance of the Passover. The
lamb must be eaten in one house, and none of its flesh should be taken outside. No
foreigners are allowed to partake unless they are circumcised.

• All the Israelites do as the Lord commanded. Not one word of the commandment is
left unfulfilled.

• The Israelites observe the first Passover in Egypt, which marks a major turning point
in their history.

• Consecration of the Firstborn (Exodus 12:50-51)

Exodus chapter 13:1-22 The Firstborn Consecrated

Sanctification of the Firstborn (Exodus 13:1-2)

• God commands Moses to sanctify every firstborn male among the Israelites. Every
firstborn male human and animal belongs to God, as a reminder of the Lord’s
deliverance of the firstborn of Israel during the final plague in Egypt.

• This act serves as a perpetual sign to Israel of God’s mercy and deliverance.

Feast of Unleavened Bread (Exodus 13:3-10)

• Moses instructs the people to observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which begins
on the 15th day of the first month (Abib), following the Passover. They must eat
unleavened bread for seven days to commemorate their hasty departure from Egypt
when there was no time to let the bread rise.

• The people are to teach their children about the significance of the Feast of
Unleavened Bread, explaining that it commemorates their departure from Egypt,
where they were slaves.
 • The people are to observe this feast annually, as a lasting ordinance, and they must
not eat leavened bread during this time.

Consecration of the Firstborn (Exodus 13:11-16)

• When the Israelites enter the Promised Land, they are instructed to dedicate the
firstborn of both their children and their animals to God. If the firstborn is an animal
that is clean (such as a lamb or a calf), it is to be sacrificed. If the firstborn is an
unclean animal, such as a donkey, it must be redeemed by sacrificing a lamb in its
place.

• If the firstborn son is born, the parents must redeem him by offering a sacrifice,
typically a lamb or a goat. If they do not redeem the child, it is considered an act of
disobedience. The practice of redeeming the firstborn will become an important
symbolic act, reminding the Israelites of God’s intervention during the final plague in
Egypt.

• The act of redeeming the firstborn represents the redemption of the entire nation
from Egypt. The people are constantly reminded of God’s power and grace in saving
them.

The Pillar of Cloud and Fire (Exodus 13:17-22)

• After Pharaoh releases the Israelites, they begin their journey out of Egypt. God does
not lead them by the shortest route through the land of the Philistines, which is the
way to the north, because He knows that they might become discouraged if they
face war. Instead, He leads them on a longer, safer route through the wilderness of
the Red Sea.

• God leads them by a pillar of cloud during the day to guide them, and a pillar of fire
at night to provide light for the journey. This cloud and fire are visible manifestations
of God's presence and protection over the Israelites.

• The Israelites carry the bones of Joseph with them, as Joseph had requested before
his death (see Genesis 50:25). This act fulfills Joseph’s oath that his remains should
be brought back to the Promised Land.
 • They took their journey from Succoth and camped in Etham at the edge of the
wilderness

Exodus 14:1-31 The Red Sea Crossing

Divine Instruction and Strategic Positioning:

• Location: God commands Moses to lead the Israelites to camp before Pi Hahiroth,
between Migdol and the sea, opposite Baal Zephon. This strategic positioning is
intended to provoke Pharaoh's pursuit, setting the stage for a divine demonstration
of power.

• Pharaoh's Pursuit: Upon realizing the Israelites have fled, Pharaoh's heart is
hardened, leading him to mobilize his army, including 600 choice chariots, to
recapture them.

• Israelites' Fear and Complaints: Seeing the Egyptian army approaching, the
Israelites are terrified and cry out to the Lord. They express regret over leaving Egypt,
preferring slavery over death in the wilderness.

• Moses' Assurance: Moses reassures the people, urging them to stand firm and
witness the Lord's salvation, promising that the Egyptians they see today will be
seen no more.

• Parting of the Red Sea: God instructs Moses to stretch out his hand over the sea,
causing it to divide. The Israelites cross on dry ground, with walls of water on either
side.

• Egyptians' Pursuit and Destruction: The Egyptians pursue the Israelites into the
sea. However, God intervenes by causing their chariot wheels to become difficult to
drive, leading them to realize that the Lord is fighting for Israel.

• Return of the Waters: At Moses' command, God causes the waters to return,
engulfing the Egyptian army and ensuring Israel's deliverance.
 • Israel's Reverence and Faith: Witnessing the destruction of the Egyptians, the
Israelites fear the Lord and place their trust in Him and in Moses, His servant.

Exodus 15:1-27 the song of Moses

• The Song of Moses and the Israelites:

• Location: Near the Red Sea, following their deliverance.

• Event: Moses, along with the children of Israel, composes a song to the Lord,
celebrating their escape from Pharaoh's army. The song praises God's strength,
salvation, and triumphant victory over their enemies.

• Miriam's Song: Miriam: Identified as Aaron's sister and a prophetess.

• Event: Miriam leads the women in dancing and singing, echoing the sentiments of
Moses's song, reinforcing the communal joy and thanksgiving.

• The Bitter Waters at Marah:

• Location: Marah, a place in the Wilderness of Shur.

• Event: After three days without finding water, the Israelites arrive at Marah, only to
find the water there undrinkable due to its bitterness. The people complain to Moses
about their plight.

• God instructs Moses to throw a piece of wood into the water, which miraculously
sweetens it, making it drinkable. Here, God establishes a statute and ordinance,
testing the people's obedience.

• Promise: God assures that if the Israelites diligently heed His voice and keep His
commandments, He will not afflict them with the diseases that befell the Egyptians,
declaring Himself as their healer.
 • Arrival at Elim a desert oasis: The Israelites reach Elim, where they find twelve wells
of water and seventy palm trees, providing them with rest and sustenance after
their trials.

Exodus 16;1-36 Bread from Heaven

Departure from Elim and Arrival in the Wilderness of Sin: The Israelites journey from
Elim to the Wilderness of Sin, situated between Elim and Mount Sinai.

• Timeframe: This occurs on the fifteenth day of the second month after their exodus
from Egypt.

• Complaints About Food Scarcity: Facing hunger, they lament to Moses and Aaron,
expressing a desire to have remained in Egypt where they had ample food.

• Promise of Divine Provision: God promises to provide meat in the evening (quail)
and bread in the morning (manna), intending to test their obedience to His laws.

• Appearance of Quail and Manna: Quail cover the camp, providing meat in the
evening.

• Morning Provision: A fine, white, coriander-seed-like substance (manna) appears

with the morning dew.

• Instructions for Gathering Manna: Each person is to collect an omer

(approximately one-tenth of an ephah) per day, sufficient for their needs.

• Sabbath Provision: On the sixth day, they gather twice as much to observe the
Sabbath rest on the seventh day, during which no manna will be provided.

• Observance of the Sabbath: The Israelites are instructed to rest on the seventh day,
refraining from gathering manna.
• Description and Preservation of Manna: Manna resembles white coriander seed
and tastes like wafers made with honey.

• Testimony for Future Generations: A portion of manna is to be preserved in a pot

before the Lord as a testimony for future generations of God's provision during their
wilderness journey.

• And the children of Israel ate manna forty years, until they came to an inhabited
land; they ate manna until they came to the border of the land of Canaan.