CHAPTER

Motion in a
1 Straight Line

Topicwise Weightage of JEE Main 6 Years Paper (124 Sets)

Position, Distance, Displacement and

Speed and Velocity
Constant and Variable
Acceleration 28%
24%

7%
One Dimensional Relative
Motion

Motion Under 23% 18%

Gravity
Graphs

“How’s the Josh?” for these Topics: Mark your confidence level in the blank space around the topic (Low-L, Medium-M, High-H)

INTRODUCTION DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT

A body is at rest when it does not change its position with time
and is in motion if it changes its position with time in the frame of
Position
reference of the observer. The position of a particle is the location of particle measured with
All motion is relative. There is no meaning of rest or motion respect to some reference point. It is a vector quantity.
without reference to the observer. x1
A passenger in a moving train is at rest with respect to another
passenger in the same train while both are in motion with respect –x O 3m A +x
to observer on the ground. Therefore nothing is at absolute rest or Position of A wrt O, x1 = 3 m
in absolute motion.
To describe the motion of a particle, we introduce four
important quantities namely position, displacement, velocity and x2
acceleration. In general motion of a particle in three dimensions
–x B 2m O +x
these quantities are vectors which have direction as well as
magnitude. But for a particle moving in a straight line, there are Position of B wrt O, x2 = –2 m
only two directions, distinguished by designating one as positive If particle lies towards +ve side of the chosen reference, then its
and other as negative. position is also +ve and vice-versa.
Distance Instantaneous speed at any instant t is
The length of the actual path between initial and final positions of
a particle is called distance covered by the particle. It is the actual Ds d s
v = lim =
length of the path covered by the body. Dt ®0 Dt d t

Characteristics of Distance ™ The slope of the distance-time graph provides the value of
™ It is a scalar quantity
instantaneous speed.
™ It depends on the path
™ It never reduces with time ™ The average speed is defined for a time interval while the
™ Distance covered by a particle is always positive or zero and instantaneous speed is defined at an instant. The word speed
can never be negative
normally implies instantaneous speed.
™ Dimension: [M0 L1 T0]
™ Unit: In CGS: centimeter (cm), In SΙ system: meter (m). ™ Average speed and instantaneous speed both are scalar

Displacement quantities.
The shortest distance from the initial position to the final position ™ For any moving object, the average speed can never be zero
of the particle is called displacement. The displacement of a
or negative, i.e., vav > 0, as total distance covered is always
particle is measured as the change in the position of the particle in
a particular direction over a given time interval. It depends only +ve only.
on final and initial positions. ™ If a particle travels distances s1, s2, s3 , ..........., etc., at
Position of A w.r.t. O = OA = x1
different speeds v1, v2, v3, ........ etc., respectively, then
Position of B w.r.t. O = OB = x2
Ds Ssi
x2 vav = =
x1 x2 – x1 Dt S( si / vi )
–x
O A B x If s1 = s2 = ..... = sn = s,
Displacement = AB = x2 – x1
1 1é1 1 ù 1 1
The direction of displacement here is from A to B. If direction Then = + + ......ú = S
vav. n êë v1 v2 û n vi
of displacement is along +ve direction of the chosen reference
then displacement is +ve and vice versa. Special case: If a particle moves a distance at speed v1 and
Characteristics of Displacement comes back to initial position with speed v2, then
™ It is a vector quantity.
2v1v2
™ The displacement of a particle between any two points is vav =
v1 + v2
equal to the shortest distance between them.
™ The displacement of an object in a given time interval may ™ If a particle travels at speeds v1, v2, ..., etc., for time intervals
be +ve, –ve or zero.
t1, t2, ..., then
™ The actual distance travelled by a particle in the given interval
of time is always equal to or greater than the magnitude of the Ds v1t1 + v2 t2 + ...... + vn tn Svi ti
vav = = =
displacement and in no case, it is less than the magnitude of Dt t1 + t2 + .....tn Sti
the displacement, i.e. Distance ≥ |Displacement|
™ Dimension: [M0 L1 T0] Special case: If a particle moves for two equal intervals of
™ Unit: In CGS: centimeter (cm), In SΙ: system: meter (m). v1 + v2
time at different speeds, then vav = .
Note: Distance is always positive but displacement may be 2
+ve, – ve or zero.

AVERAGE SPEED AND AVERAGE VELOCITY

INSTANTANEOUS SPEED The average velocity is the ratio of displacement from time
Average speed is the ratio of total distance covered by a particle t1 to t2 and the time interval t2 – t1.
in a given time interval divided by the time interval.
Ds x2 - x1 Dx
vavg =    (where ∆t = t2 – t1) vavg = =
Dt t2 - t1 Dt

2 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

INSTANTANEOUS VELOCITY
Distance
The instantaneous velocity at any instant t is (a) Average speed =
Dt
Dx dx 100 m + 300 m
v = lim = = = 16 m/s
Dt ®0 Dt dt 25s
The magnitude of instantaneous velocity is always equal to the (b) The net displacement is
instantaneous speed. Dx = –200 m
 | Dx | Ds ds Dx –200m
Instantaneous speed = v = lim = lim = So, vav = = = –8 m/s.
Dt ®0 Dt Dt ®0 Dt dt Dt 25s
Instantaneous velocity is called simply velocity. The negative sign means that vav is directed
If an object moves along a straight line without changing its toward the west.
direction, then the magnitude of the average velocity is equal to Example 2: A particle moves with speed ν1 along a particular
the average speed, otherwise magnitude of average velocity < direction. After some time it turns back and reaches the
average speed. starting point again travelling with speed ν2. Find (for the
whole journey).
™ Velocity can be +ve or –ve as it is a vector but speed can never
be negative as it is the magnitude of velocity. (a) Average velocity (b) Average speed
Sol. (a) Since the particle reaches the starting point again, its
™ If a body is moving with a constant velocity, then the average
displacement is zero.
velocity and instantaneous velocity are equal.
Net displacement
™ The velocity of a body is uniform, if both magnitude and ∴ Average velocity = =0
total time
direction do not change.
(b) Let it travel distance x while moving away and
™ If a body moves with non-uniform velocity, then magnitude
distance x while moving towards the starting point.
of velocity or direction of velocity may change or both.
x
™ A body can have non-zero speed and zero average velocity Time taken to go away is t1 =
n1
when a body completes one revolution around a circle. The
x
average velocity is zero since the displace­ment is zero. But Time taken while return journey t2 =
the average speed is not zero since the distance travelled ≠ 0. n2
If a body is moving with constant speed then its velocity may x+x 2x
™ ∴Average speed = =
or may not be constant. In case of uniform circular motion t1 + t2 x x
+
though speed remains constant but velocity changes instant n1 n 2
2n1n 2
to instant because of change in direction. vav =
n1 + n 2
i.e., harmonic mean of individual speeds.
Train Your Brain Example 3: A person goes 30 km east, then he walks 50 km
west and then he goes 10 km north. Find average speed and
Example 1: A bird flies towards east at 10 m/s for 100 m. average velocity for the whole journey in 15 hrs.
It then turns around and flies at 20 m/s for 15s. Find Sol.   N
(a) Its average speed (b) Its average velocity
S3 = 10 km S1 = 30 km
Sol. Let us take the x axis to point eastwards A sketch 20 km
E
of the path is shown in the figure. To find the 50 km = S2
required quantities, we need the total time interval.
The first part of the journey took Total Distance 30 + 50 + 10
Bird Average speed = =
Total Time 15
= 6 km/hr
West East
–200 –100 0 100 Total Displacement
x(m) Average velocity =
Total Time
Dt1 = (100 m)/(10 m/s) = 10s, and we are given
t2 = 15s for the second part. Hence the total time
=
(20 2
+ 102 ) = 10 5
interval is Dt = Dt1 + Dt2 = 25 s 15 15
The bird flies 100 m east and then (20 m/s) × (15s) 2 5
Average velocity = km/hr north of west
= 300 m west. 3

Motion in a Straight Line 3

 Instantaneous Acceleration
Concept Application The acceleration of the object at a given instant of time or at a
given point of motion, is called its instantaneous acceleration.
1. A car moves 30 km with 20 km/hr and then 30 km with Suppose the velocity of a particle at time t1 = t is v1 = v and
30 km/hr. Find average speed and average velocity for becomes v2 = v + Dv at time t2 = t + ∆t,
the whole journey in the same straight line. Dv
Then, aav =
2. A person goes 20 km N, then 20 km E and then 20 km Dt
N-E, find average speed and average velocity if total If ∆t approaches to zero, then the rate of change of velocity
time taken is 6 hr. will be instantaneous acceleration.
Dv dv
Instantaneous acceleration ainst = lim =
Dt ® 0 Dt dt
ACCELERATION Instantaneous acceleration at a point is equal to slope of
The rate of change of velocity of an object with time is called tangent at that point on velocity time graph in the graph
acceleration of the object. shown.
Let v and v′ be the velocity of the object at time t and t′ respectively, B
v + v
then acceleration of the body is given by
Dv dv v + dv
a = lim = v B'
Dt ®0 Dt dt A
™ Acceleration is a vector quantity. 
t t+dt t +t
™ Unit: In SΙ system: m/s2
dn
In CGS system: cm/s2 Slope = = acceleration
dt
™ Dimension : [M0L1T–2]
dx d æ dx ö d 2 x
As v = therefore a = ç ÷ = 2
Average Acceleration dt dt è dt ø dt
When an object is moving with a variable acceleration in Thus, instantaneous acceleration of an object is equal to the
a straight line, then the average acceleration of the object second derivative of the position w.r.t. time of the object at the
for the given motion is defined as the ratio of the change in given instant.
velocity of the object during motion to the time taken i.e., Note:

change in velocity (i) It is not essential that when velocity is zero acceleration
Average Acceleration = must be zero.
total time taken
e.g. In vertical motion under gravity at the top point
Suppose the velocity of a particle is v1 at time t1 and v2 at v = 0 but a ≠ 0
time t2. (ii) If a and v are both positive or both negative, speed of a
body increases. If a and v have opposite signs then speed
v2 decreases, this is called retardation.
B
velocity

DISPLACEMENT-TIME GRAPHS
A 
v1 C AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
O t1 t2
time If the displacement-time graph is:
™ A straight line parallel to time-axis, shown by line ab,
Then, Change in velocity = v2 – v1 = Dv
it means that the body is at rest, i.e., v = 0.
Elapsed time in changing the velocity = t2 – t1 = Dt ™ A straight line inclined to time-axis (such as Oc and fg) shows
v2 - v1 Dv that body is moving with a constant velocity.
Thus, aav = = ™ A straight line inclined to time-axis by an angle > 90° (line f g)
t2 - t1 Dt
represent negative velocity.
BC ™ Of the type of curve Od (graph-3) whose slope decreases
⇒ aav = = tan q = the slope of chord of v – t graph is
AC with time, the velocity goes on decreasing, i.e., motion is
average acceleration. retarded.
4 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
 ™ Of the type of curve Oe (graph-4) whose slope increases f
with time, the velocity goes on increasing, i.e., motion is acc=slope=increasing
e
accelerated. acc = slope = –ve

velocity

velocity
(4) (5) and constant
c

displacement
displacement

a g
b
(1) (2)
O O
Slope = zero time time
velocity=slope=+ve
O O
and constant Note:
time time
1. No velocity-time graph can ever be perpendicular to the
time-axis because it implies infinite acceler­ation.
d e 2. The area of velocity-time graph with time axis represents
displacement

displacement
the displacement of that body.
(3) (4)
3. Slope of velocity time graph at an instant gives the
v=slope=decreasing acceleration of the body at that instant.
v=slope=increasing
O time O
time
f MOTION WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION
In different types of motions, the acceleration is either constant
displacement

v = slope = –ve
and constant
or approximately so. For example, near the surface of earth all
(5) objects fall vertically with constant acceleration if air resistance
is neglected. Even when acceleration is not constant, we can
g
learn something about the motion of the body by using constant
O time acceleration results to be developed later in this section.
No line can ever be perpendicular to the time axis because it Let the velocity of body at t = 0 is u and it moves with constant
implies infinite velocity. acceleration a and acquires velocity v at time t.
Slope of displacement-time graph at a point gives velocity of dv
the body at that instant. = a   or  dv = adt
dt
VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS AND THEIR v t t

CHARACTERISTICS
⇒ ò dv = ò adt = a ò dt
u 0 0
If the velocity-time graph is: t
⇒ v uv = at
™ A straight line parallel to time axis shown by line ab, it 0
means that the body is moving with a constant velocity or ⇒ v – u = at  or  v = u + at ...(i)
acceleration (a) is zero.
To find the displacement, we again integrate.
™ A straight line inclined to the time-axis with +ve slope (line
Oc) it means that the body is moving with constant positive Let body be at x0 at t = 0 and reaches x at time t
acceleration. v = u + at
™ A straight line inclined to time-axis with negative slope (line fg) dx
it means that the body is moving with constant negative = u + at
dt
acceleration. or dx = (u + at)dt
™ A curve like Od (graph 3) whose slope decreases with time,
x t t t
the acceleration goes on de­creasing.
™ A curve like Oe (graph 4) whose slope increases with time,
ò dx = ò (u + at )dt = u ò dt + a ò tdt
x0 0 0 0
the acceleration goes on increasing.
2 t
x t t
x x = ut 0 + a
a 0 2
velocity

b 0
(1)
1 2
x – x0 = ut + at
2
O time 1 2
S = x – x0 = ut + at ...(ii)
2
c d We can also find, relation between velocity and displacement.
velocity
velocity

(2) (3) By using chain rule

dv dv dx vdv
acceleration=slope a= = . =
=+ve and constant acc=slope=decreasing dt dx dt dx
O time O time ⇒ vdv = adx
Motion in a Straight Line 5
 v x ™In position time graph, slope is equal to velocity.
ò vdv = a ò dx ™ In velocity time graph area under the curve is displacement
u x0 and slope is equal to acceleration.
v ™ In acceleration time graph area under the curve is equal to
v2 x
change in velocity.
=axx
2 u
0
™ For a body starting from rest and moving with uniform
acceleration,
v2 u 2
- = a ( x - x0 ) (a) The ratio of distances covered in first one sec, two sec,
2 2 three sec, ... is :
⇒ v2 – u2 = 2aS...(iii) 12 : 22 : 32 : ... , i.e., 1 : 4 : 9 : ...
These relation are very helpful in solving the problems of Ratio of distances covered in
motion in one dimension. All these relations are given in table
1st, 2nd, 3rd sec, ... is 1 : 3 : 5 : ...
below for easy reference.
S (b) The ratio of velocities after
1 sec, 2 sec, 3 sec, ... is 1 : 2 : 3 : ...
o u v
X
x0
x Train Your Brain
Equation Contains
s v t Example 4: The displacement of a particle, moving in a
v = u + at No Yes Yes straight line, is given by S = 2t2 + 2t + 4 where S is in metres
Yes No Yes and t in seconds. The acceleration of the particle is
1 2 (a) 2 m/s2 (b) 4 m/s2
s = ut + at
2 (c) 6 m/s 2 (d) 8 m/s2
v2 – u2 = 2as Yes Yes No 2
Sol. Given S = 2t + 2t + 4
In simple problems of uniformly accelerated motion, two dS
∴ Velocity (v) = = 4t + 2
parameters are given and third is to be found. Depending on dt
convenience one can choose any one of the three relations. The dv
Acceleration (a) = = 4(1) + 0 = 4m/s 2
following two relations are also helpful in solving problems. dt
Displacement of the Body in the nth Second: Example 5: What is the acceleration for each graph segment
Sn = S(at t = n) – S(at t = n – 1) in figure? Describe the motion of the object over the total
time interval. Also calculate displacement.
æ 1 2ö æ 1 2ö a
= ç un + an ÷ - ç u (n - 1) + a (n - 1) ÷ = u + (2n - 1)
è 2 ø è 2 ø 2

Average velocity: 10.0

Velocity (m/s)

A B
1 8.0
ut + at 2
S 2 at 6.0
Vavg = = =u+
t t 2 4.0
v-u u +v 2.0
= u + =
2 2 O
C
t(sec)
4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 18.0
æ u + v ö
or S = ç ÷t time (s)
è 2 ø
8-0
This relation is only valid for uniform acceleration. Sol. Segment OA; a = = 2 m/s2
4-0
Note: Segment AB; graph horizontal i.e., slope zero i.e., a = 0
™ These equations can be applied only when acceleration is 0-8
constant. Segment BC; a = = – 1 m/s2
18 - 10
™ If a body moves with uniform acceleration and velocity changes The graph is trapezium. Its area between t = 0 to
v+u t = 18s is displacement.
from u to v in a time interval, then average velocity = .
2 1
Area of v-t graph = displacement = (18 + 6) × 8 = 96 m
™ If a body moving with uniform acceleration has velocities 2
u and v at two points in its path, then the velocity at the Particle accelerates uniformly for first 4 sec., then moves
with uniform velocity for next 6 sec. and then retards
u 2 + v2 uniformly to come to rest in next 8 sec.
midpoint of given two points = .
2

6 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 Example 6: The motion of a body is described in (v–t) graph
S = 30 m
as given under.
t = 2s
Find the following:
a=?
(a) Max and Min acceleration 1 2

S = ut + at
(b) Displacement from t = 10 to t = 15 2
(c) Average velocity for the whole journey. 1 2
30 = 20 × 2 + ´ a ´ 2
v(m/sec) 2
15 C 10
⇒a=– = -5 m/s2
2
A
D
(b) v = u + at = 20 + (–5) × 2 = 10 m/s
10
B
A2 Example 9: A particle moving with initial velocity of 10 m/s
A3
A1 P3
towards East has an acceleration of 5 m/s2 towards west. Find
P1 P2
0 the displacement and distance travelled by the particle in first
5 10 15 t (sec)
4 seconds?
Sol. (a) We know slope of (v – t) graph gives acceleration
AP 10 Sol.
SlopeOA = 1 = = 2 m/sec 2 (Max-acceleration)
OP1 5
v = u + at ⇒ 0 = 10 – 5t ⇒ t = 2s
Slope AB = 0 m/sec 2 (min - acceleration)
The direction of velocity changes after two seconds.
CD 5 1
Slope BC = =
2
S = 10 × 4 + (-5) ´ 4 = 0 = displacement
BD 5 2
= 1m/sec2 Distance travelled is not equal to displacement because
(b) Displacement = Area (v – t)graph during course of journey, velocity changes direction.
from t = 10 to t = 15 sec D = S(at 2s) + |S(at 4s) – S(at 2s)|
1 1 1
= (10 + 15 )´ 5 = 62.5 m æ ö
2 = ç10 ´ 2 - ´ 5 ´ 22 ÷ + 0 - (10 ´ 2) - ´ 5 ´ 22
è 2 ø 2
Total Displacement Area (v - t )graph
(c) Average Velocity = = = 10 + 10 = 20 m
Total Time t total
A1 + A2 + A3 25 + 50 + 62.5
= =
ttotal 15
137.5
= = 9.17 m/sec Concept Application
15
Example 7: How long does it take for a particle to travel 100 m
if it begins from rest and accelerates at 10 m/s2? What is its 3. v (m/s)
velocity when it has travelled 100 m? What is the average B C
velocity during this time? 20
Sol. u = 0, a = 10 m/s2, S = 100 m θ P
10 A
1 2 10 20
Applying S = ut + at 0 Time (sec)
2 5 D G
1 2 Q
we get 100 = ´ 10 ´ t – 10
2 E F
⇒ t = 20 = 2 5 s (a) Find acceleration between t = 0 to t = 5

v = u + at = 0 + 10 × 2 5 = 20 5 m/s (b) Find total displacement between t = 0 to t = 20 sec.
u + v 0 + 20 5 4. v (m/sec)

vavg = = = 10 5 m/s
2 2 A
20
Example 8: A car travelling with 72 km/hr is 30 m from a
barrier when the driver slams the breaks. The car hits barrier 10 B C
2.0 seconds later. A1 A2
(a) What is the car’s constant deceleration before impact? O time (sec)
10 15 20
(b) How fast is car travelling at impact? (a) Find the ratio of acceleration for OA and AB in the
5 graph shown.
Sol. (a) u = 72 km/hr = 72 × m/s = 20 m/s
18 (b) Total distance covered between 10 to 20 sec.

Motion in a Straight Line 7

VERTICAL MOTION UNDER ™ Graph of displacement, velocity and acceleration with
respect to time:
GRAVITY (FREE FALL) s v a
Motion that occurs solely under the influence of gravity is called
free fall. Thus a body projected upward or downward or released
from rest are all under free fall.    
In the absence of air resistance all falling bodies have the same t  v t t
acceleration due to gravity, regardless of their sizes or shapes. =
–g –g
t
The value of the acceleration due to gravity depends on both
latitude and altitude. It is approximately 9.8 m/s2 near the surface ™ As h = (1/2)gt2, i.e., h ∝ t2,distance covered in time t,
of the earth. For simplicity a value of 10 m/s2 is used. To do 2t, 3t, etc., will be in the ratio of 12 : 22 : 32, i.e., square
calculations regarding motion under gravity, we follow a proper of integers.
sign convention. If we take upward direction as positive then 1
™ The distance covered in the nth sec, hn = g (2n - 1)
a=– g 2
Thus the equation of kinematics may be modified as So distance covered in 1st sec, 2nd sec, 3rd sec .... etc.,
v = u – gt...(i) will be in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 5. This is called 'Galileo's
Law of odd numbers'.
1 2
∆y = y – y0 = ut – gt  ...(ii) (ii) A body projected vertically downward with some initial
2
velocity: The initial velocity is downward and will be
y
negative.
+ve Equation of motion: v = – u – gt
1 2
–ve ∆y = – h = – ut – gt
2
2 2
v = u + 2gh
x g
hn = u + (2n - 1)
v2 = u2 – 2g (y – y0)...(iii) 2
y0 = position of particle at time t = 0 (iii) A body is projected vertically upwards:
y = position of particle at time t. Equation of motion: Taking initial position as origin and
vertically up as positive,
u = velocity of particle at time t = 0
a = – g   [As acceleration is downwards]
v = velocity of particle at time t.
So, if the body is projected with velocity u and after time
(i) A body dropped from some height (initial velocity zero) t it reaches up to height h then
™ Equation of motion: Taking initial position as origin and 1
downward direction as negative. Here we have, v = u – gt; h = ut - g t 2 ; v2 = u2 – 2gh;
2
u = 0 [As body starts from rest]
g
a = – g as acceleration is in the downward direction hn = u - (2n - 1)
2
u= 0

max

v2
h
2g
h
v  2gh

v
For maximum height v = 0
So from above equation
v = – gt  ...(i) u
u = gt Þ t =
1 2 g
∆y = – h = - gt ...(ii)
2 u2 u2 u2 u2
v2 = 2(–g) (–h) = 2gh…(iii)
hmax = - = Now, hmax = Þ u = 2 ghmax
g 2g 2g 2g
g Graph of displacement, velocity and acceleration with
hn = (2n - 1) = Height covered in nth second. ...(iv) ™
2 respect to time (for maximum height):
8 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
 Note:
(i) During ascent, a = –g, velocity becomes less positive i.e.,
speed decreases since velocity and acceleration are in
opposite direction.
(ii) During descent, a = –g, but now it is in the direction of
velocity so it is not retardation. It makes velocity more
negative i.e. speed increases in negative direction.

Train Your Brain

Example 10: A man standing on the top of a building,

throws a ball with speed 5 m/s in upward direction from
Important Points
30 m height above the ground level. How much time does it
(i) In case of motion under gravity for a given body, mass, takes to reach the ground?
acceleration, and mechanical energy remain constant while
Sol. u = 5 m/s
speed, velocity, momentum, kinetic energy and potential
energy changes. When it reaches the ground, ∆y = –30 m
(ii) The motion is independent of the mass of the body, as in 1
S = ut - gt 2
any equation of motion, mass is not involved. That is why a 2
heavy and light body when released from the same height, 1
– 30 = 5t – (10) t2
reach the ground simultaneously and with same velocity 2
i.e., t = (2h / g ) and v = 2 gh ⇒ t2 – t – 6 = 0
(iii) In case of motion under gravity time taken to go up is equal On solving, we get t = 3 and – 2
to the time taken to fall down through the same distance.
Time of ascent (t1) = time of descent (t2) = u/g 5m/s
2u
Total time of flight T = t1 + t2 =
g
(iv) In case of motion under gravity, the speed with which a
body is projected up is equal to the speed with which it 30m
comes back to the point of projection.
Acceleration at any point on the path is same whether the
body is moving in upward or downward direction.
(v) A particle is dropped vertically from rest from a height. Rejecting t = – 2 sec, we get t = 3 sec
The time taken by it to fall through successive distance of Example 11: A kid throws a ball up, with some initial speed.
1 m each will then be in the ratio of the difference in the Comment on magnitudes and signs of acceleration and
square roots of the integers i.e., velocity of the ball.
1, ( 2 - 1), ( 3 - 2), ( 4 - 3), ¼¼ Sol. Ball

u=0 y= H
v = 0 at
highest point
1m t1  2 / g still has
acceleration
t2  4 / g  2 / g a=–g
1m
During descent,
t3   3  2  2 / g 
a = – g, speed
1m increases,
During ascent, and velocity

3  2/ g
becomes
1m t4   4 a = – g, speed
more negative
decreases,
and velocity
becomes y= 0
less positive

Motion in a Straight Line 9

 Example 12: If a body is thrown up with the velocity of 15 m/s The distance travelled by ball B
then maximum height attained by the body is (g = 10 m/s2) 1
h2 = ut - gt 2 ...(ii)
(a) 11.25 m (b) 16.2 m 2
(c) 24.5 m (d) 7.62 m By adding (i) and (ii) h1 + h2 = ut = 400
u 2 (15) 2 (Given h = h1 + h2 = 400)
Sol. H max = = = 11.25 m
2 g 2 ´ 10 ∴ t = 400/50 = 8 s and h1 = 320 m, h2 = 80 m
Example 13: A body falls from rest in the gravitational field
Example 16: Water drops fall at regular intervals from a tap
of the earth. The distance travelled in the fifth second of its
which is 5 m above the ground. The third drop is leaving the
motion is (g = 10 m/s2)
(a) 25 m (b) 45 m tap at the instant the first drop touches the ground. How far
(c) 90 m (d) 125 m above the ground is the second drop at that instant?
(a) 2.50 m (b) 3.75 m
g 10
Sol. hn = (2n - 1)Þ h5th = (2 ´ 5 - 1) = 45 m (c) 4.00 m (d) 1.25 m
2 2
Sol. Let the interval between each drop be t then from question
Example 14: If a ball is thrown vertically upwards with
speed u, the distance covered during the last t seconds of 1
For first drop g (2t ) 2 = 5 …(i)
its ascent is 2
1 1 1
(a) gt 2 (b) ut - gt 2 For second drop x = gt 2 …(ii)
2 2 2
(c) (u – gt)t (d) ut 5
By solving (i) and (ii) x = and
u 4
Sol. If ball is thrown with velocity u, then time of ascent =
g 5
Hence required height h = 5 - = 3.75m.
4
h t sec

u 
 g  t  sec
  5m x

æu ö æu ö
Velocity after ç - t ÷ sec, v = u - g ç - t ÷ = gt.
èg ø èg ø Example 17: A balloon is at a height of 81 m and is ascending
So, distance in last ‘t’ sec,  0 = (gt)2 – 2(g)h.
2 vertically upward with a velocity of 12 m/sec. A body of 2 kg
1 weight is dropped from it. If g = 10 m/s2 the body will reach
h = gt 2 . the surface of the earth in
2
Example 15: A man drops a ball downside from the roof of (a) 1.5 s (b) 4.025 s
a tower of height 400 m. At the same time another ball is (c) 5.4 s (d) 6.75 s
thrown upside with a velocity 50 m/s from the foot of tower. Sol. As the balloon is going up so initial velocity of balloon
What is the height from the foot of the tower where the two = + 12 m/s,
balls would meet? ∆y = – 81 m; a = – g = – 10 m/s2
(a) 100 meters (b) 320 meters 1 1
(c) 80 meters (d) 240 meters By applying h = ut + gt 2 ; - 81 = 12t - (10)t 2
2 2
Sol. Let both balls meet at point P after time t. 2
⇒ 5t – 12t – 81 = 0
The distance travelled by ball A 12 ± 144 + 1620 12 ± 1764
1 ⇒ t= =
h1 = gt 2 ...(i) 10 10
2 A = 5.4 s
h1 Example 18: A particle is dropped under gravity from rest
9h
400 m P from a height h (g = 9.8 m/s2) and it travels a distance in
25
the last second, the height h is
h2 (a) 100 m (b) 122.5 m
B (c) 145 m (d) 167.5 m

10 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 1 2 8. Two balls A & B of masses m & 5 m are dropped
Sol. Distance travelled in n sec = gn = h…(i) from the towers of height 36 m and 64 m respectively.
2
The ratio of time taken by them to reach the ground.
Distance travelled in nth sec.
(a) 2/3 (b) 7/4 (c) 5/2 (d) 3/4
g 9h
= (2n - 1) = …(ii) 9. A splash is heard 3 sec after the stone is released into a
2 25
well of depth 20 m. The velocity of sound is
Solving (i) and (ii)
(a) 20 m/sec (b) 40 m/sec
We get. h = 122.5 m
(c) 10 m/sec (d) 35 m/sec
Example 19: A stone is thrown vertically upward with a
speed u from the top of the tower, reaches the ground with a
velocity 3u. The height of the tower is MOTION WITH VARIABLE ACCELERATION
(a) 3u2/g (b) 4u2/g (c) 6u2/g (d) 9u2/g In previous section, we studied rectilinear motion when
Sol. Initial velocity = –u. acceleration is constant. In general acceleration can vary and
By applying v2 = u2 + 2gh, depend on time, position and velocity of the particle.
(3u)2 = (–u)2 + 2gh, Let us consider some simple cases.
2
4u (i) Acceleration only depends on time t.
⇒ h=
g dv
= a (t )
Example 20: A body is released from a great height and falls dt
v t t
freely towards the earth. Another body is released from the
same height exactly one second later. The separation between ò dv = ò a(t )dt ⇒ v – u = ò a(t )dt

0
u 0
the two bodies, two seconds after the release of the second
t
body is
or v = u + ò a (t )dt
(a) 4.9 m (b) 9.8 m 0
(c) 19.6 m (d) 24.5 m (ii) Acceleration only depends on position x.
Sol. The separation between two bodies, two seconds after the dv
release of second body is given by = a( x)
dt
1 1 We can use chain rule to eliminate time.
s= g (t12 - t22 ) = ´ 9.8 ´ (32 - 22 ) = 24.5 m
2 2
dv dx dv
= a ( x) ⇒ v = a( x)
dx dt dx
v x

Concept Application ò vdv = ò a( x)dx

u x0

x
5. A body is projected from top of a tower vertically v2 u 2
2 xò
or - = a ( x)dx
upward with 5 m/sec, the body lands the ground in 2
4 sec. Total height of tower would be 0

(a) 45 m (b) 60 m (c) 30 m (d) 50 m (iii) Acceleration only depends on velocity.

v t
6. A body is thrown vertically upwards and if returns back dv dv
to hand in 3 sec, its velocity of throw and max-height

dt
= a (v ) ⇒ ò a(v) = ò dt
u 0
attained are,
v
(a) 15 m/sec, 11.25 m (b) 10 m/sec, 12 m dv
(c) 30 m/sec, 22.5 m (d) 20 m/sec, 30 m
or ò a (v ) = t
u

7. Water drops are released from the bottom of an This gives us velocity as a function of time.
overhead tank at regular interval. When 1st drop
In case we want velocity as a function of position, we
touches the ground, fifth drop is just about to release.
can use chain rule.
The height of overhead tank is 8m from the ground.
Find the separation between 2nd and 3rd drop just when dv dx v dv
= a (v) ⇒ = dx
1st drop touches the ground. dx dt a (v )
(a) 1.5 m (b) 2 m v x
v dv
(c) 2.5 m (d) 4.5 m ò a(v) = ò dx = x - x0

u x 0

Motion in a Straight Line 11

 Train Your Brain dv GM

a= =- 2
dt x
Example 21: The acceleration a of a particle moving in one dv dx GM GM
dimension is given by a = 6 – 2t. If the particle is initially at or . = - 2 ⇒ vdv = = – 2 dx
dx dt x x
x = 0 and its velocity is 2 m/s, find its position and velocity
at time t. At the highest point, velocity is zero. Also note
dv xi = R and xf = 2R.
Sol. = 6 - 2t
dt 0 2R
dx
v t
ò vdv = -GM ò x2
ò dv = ò (6 - 2t )dt

u R
2 0 2 0 2R 2R
v GM
⇒ v – 2 = (6t – t2)|0t = 6t – t2 ⇒ v(t) = 2 + 6t – t2 = -GM ò x -2 dx =
To find position, we integrate velocity. 2 u R
x R

dx u2
é 1 1ù
v= = 2 + 6t - t 2 ⇒ dx = (2 + 6t – t2)dt ⇒ -
= GM ê -
dt
x t
2 ë 2 R R úû
t3
ò ò
2 2
dx = (2 + 6 t - t ) dt = 2t + 3t - GM GM GM
3 ⇒u2 =
⇒u= = R
0 0 R R R2
t3 æ GM ö
or x(t) = 2t + 3t2 –
∵g =ç 2
3 ÷
è R ø
Example 22: The retardation of a car when its engine is shut
off depends on its velocity as a = – av where a is positive = gR = 8 km/s [ R = 6400 km, g = 10 m/s2]
constant. Find the total distance travelled by the car if its
initial velocity is 20 m/s and a = 0.5/s.
dv
Sol. = -av Concept Application
dt
dv æ dx ö vdv
ç ÷ = -av ⇒ = -av 10. Starting from rest at t = 0, a particle moves in a straight
dx è dt ø dx
line with an acceleration a given by a = t3 m/s2 where
or dv = – adx t is in seconds. Then the velocity of particle after
0
0
d
4 seconds is
ò dv = -a ò dx ⇒ v 20 = -a x 0
d
(a) 32 m/s (b) 64 m/s
20 0
–20 = – ad (c) 128 m/s (d) 16 m/s
20 20 11. A particle moves in a straight line with acceleration
d= = = 40 m 1
a 0.5 a=– where v is its velocity at time t. If initial
3v 2
Example 23: With what velocity in vertical upward velocity is 5 m/s then time t at which its velocity
becomes zero is
direction should a body be projected from the surface of
earth so that it reaches a height equal to radius of earth? (a) 5 sec (b) 25 sec (c) 125 sec (d) 50 sec
GM 12. The acceleration of a particle as a function of its position
The acceleration of body is given by a = – 2 where x is
x x is given a = – 2x. If velocity at x = 0 is 20 m/s, find the
the distance from centre of earth and M is the mass of earth. position x where its velocity becomes zero.
Sol. Note that acceleration due to gravity is nearly (a) 10 2 m (b) 5 2 m
constant near the surface of earth. But if the height
become too large its dependence on distance can not (c) 20 2 m (d) 20 m
be ignored.

a RELATIVE MOTION
Every motion is actually only relative motion. There is nothing
x
like absolute motion. Whether a body is moving or is at rest is
not a quality of body itself rather it is always with respect to an
R observer. If the observer finds that the position of an object is not
changing when observed by him then the object is 'actually' at
rest (and vice-versa). Therefore, when a passenger (A) in a train
observes another passenger (B) then he finds that passenger (and
12 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
the train) to be not moving. Therefore, it means that the passenger
and train both are in reality at rest for passenger (A). However, Sol. vA = +10 m/s, vB = –12 m/s
another observer on platform finds the train and passenger (B) to (i) vAB = vA – vB = (10) – (–12) = 22 m/s.
be moving when they are in reality moving for this observer only. (ii) vBA = vB – vA = (–12) – (10) = –22 m/s.
Due to this duality we say that motion is not absolute rather it is
dependent on observer. Example 26: An open lift is moving upwards with velocity
Relative position of B with respect to A, l0m/s. It has an upward acceleration of 2 m/s2. A ball is
xBA = xBO – xAO...(i) projected upwards with velocity 20 m/s relative to ground.
Find :
where, xBO = position of B wrt. O
(a) Time when ball again meets the lift.
xAO = position of A wrt O
(b) Displacement of lift and ball at that instant.
xAO xBA
(c) Distance travelled by the ball upto that instant. Take
g = 10 m/s2
O A B Sol. (a) At the time when ball again meets the lift,
2
xBO 2 m/s 10 m/s 20 m/s
Differentiating eq. (i) gives us the relation for relative velocity
+ve
d d d
xBA = xBO - x AO Ball
dt dt dt
VBA = VBO – VAO
2
Furthur differentiating, 10 m/s
aBA = aBO – aAO L Lift B Ball
1 1

∴ 10t + × 2 × t2 = 20 t – × 10t2
Train Your Brain 2 2
Solving this equation, we get
5
Example 24: The position of three men A, B and C is shown t = 0 and t = s
in figure. Then find position of one man with respect to other 3
5
(take +ve direction towards right and –ve towards left) ∴ Ball will again meet the lift after s.
3
A B C (b) At this instant
2
5 1 æ5ö 175
4m 6m
SL = SB = 10 × + ´ 2´ç ÷ = =19.4m
3 2 3
è ø 9
(c) For the ball u↑ ↓a. Therefore, we will first find t0, the
10m time when its velocity becomes zero.
origin
æ 5 ö
As t ç = s ÷ <t0 distance and displacement are equal
Sol. Here, è 3 ø
Position of B w.r.t. A is 4 m towards right. (xBA = + 4 m) or d = 19.4 m
Position of C w.r.t. A is 10 m towards right.
Concept of relative motion is more useful in two body
(xCA = +10m)
problem in two (or three) dimensional motion. This can be
Position of C w.r.t. B is 6 m towards right (xCB = +6m) understood by the following example.
Position of A w.r.t. B is 4 m towards left. (xAB = –4m)
Position of A w.r.t. C is 10 m towards left.
(xAC = –10m)
Example 25: Two objects A and B are moving towards each
Concept Application
other with velocities 10 m/s and 12 m/s respectively
as shown. 13. Two particles are moving along a straight line as
shown. The velocity of approach between A and B is
VA VB
A B

(i) Find the velocity of A with respect to B. (a) VA + VB (b) | VA – VB |

(ii) Find the velocity of B with respect to A (c) VA – VB (d) VB – VA

Motion in a Straight Line 13

 Aarambh (Solved Examples)

1. A stone is thrown vertical upwards from ground level with (c) 55.16 m/s (d) None of these
u = 20 m/s.  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(a) Find the maximum height attained by the stone. Sol. Let us choose the origin at the ground level with +ve y-axis
(b) time interval t after which it returns to the point of pointing in the upward direction.
projection. Let us refer lower and upper body as 1 and 2 respectively.
(c) The velocity with which it strikes the ground. Then,
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) a=–g
Sol. Let us choose our origin O at the point of projection with x1 = 0, x1 = 2h/3, u1 = ?
+ve X-axis pointing in the vertical upwards direction. i f

x2 = h, x2 = 2h/3, u2 = –10 m/s
i f
From eqn of motion , we have
1
x1 f = 0 + u1t - ´ 9.8 ´ t 2 ...(i)
2
1
20 m/s x2 f = h - 10t - ´ 9.8 ´ t 2 ...(ii)
2
O
  But , x1 = x2 = 2h/3
a  g f f
Hence, equating eqn (i) and (ii) we have
Note that in this coordinate system, acceleration due to h
gravity is negative because it points in the downward u1t = h – 10 t Þ t = u + 10
direction. 1
Thus a = –9.8 m/s2, u = 20 m/s Putting this value in eqn (ii), we get
2
(a) At the highest point, velocity of the particle will become h 10h æ h ö
zero. Let h be the maximum height. = + 4.9 ç ÷
3 u1 + 10
è u1 + 10 ø
Thus S = h.
But, h = 60 m.
Using the relation,
600 602
v2 – u2 = 2a S Þ 20 = + 4.9
we get 0 – 202 = 2 × (–9.8) × h
u1 + 10 (u1 + 10 )2
400
2
Þ (u1 + 10 ) - 30 (u1 + 10 )- 882 = 0
Þh= = 20.4 m
19.6 Solving this quadratic eqn, we find
Therefore, 20.4 m is the correct answer.
30 ± 100 + 3528
1 u1 + 10 =
   Þ u1 = 38.27 m/s
(b) S = 0 = 20t – (9.8)t 2 2
2 The other value is not possible because body is thrown
40 upwards and is positive in the chosen coordinate system.
⇒t= = 4.08 sec
9.8 Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
Therefore, 4.08 s is the correct answer. 3. A car starts moving on a straight road, first with acceleration
(c) Since, the particle returns to the initial position, S = 0. a = 5 m/s2, then moves uniformly, and finally decelerating at
the same rate, comes to rest. The total time of motion equals
40 25 sec. The average velocity during that time is 72 km/hr.
Þ v = 20 - 9.8 ´ (we know t from part (b))
9.8 How long did the car move uniformly?
= –20 m/s (a) 30 s (b) 50 s (c) 15 s (d) 20 s
Here, minus sign indicates that particle moves in the  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
downward direction.
Therefore, –20 m/s is the correct answer. Sol.
Note: It returns with same speed with which it was A B C D
thrown. Let AB, BC and CD be the displacements of the car when it
2. A body is thrown down from the top of a tower of height accelerates, moves with constant velocity and decelerates
h with velocity 10 m/s. Simultaneously, another body is respectively.
projected upward from bottom. They meet at a height 2h/3 5
< v >= 72 km/hr = 72 ´ m/s = 20 m/s
from the ground level. If h = 60 m, find the initial velocity 18
of the lower body. Total distance travelled = < v > × time = 20 × 25 = 500 m.
(a) 19.23 m/s (b) 38.27 m/s

14 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 From A → B 4t – 20 = 6t – 90
1 2 2t = 70 ⇒ t = 35 sec.
AB = ut AB + a (t AB ) Area under the graph = 300 m = distance at which car
2
overtakes motorcycle.
= 2.5(tAB)2 Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.
vB = 0 + atAB = 5tAB
5. A particle is moving along x-axis with
From B → C V = V0–Kx
velocity V which varies according to the
Since velocity is constant law V = V 0 – Kx here V 0 and K are
V
BC = vB ´ t BC = 5t AB ´ t BC constants. Choose the correct acceleration
x
From C → D vs time plot for the time interval when
In this interval V0
particle moves from x = 0 to x = .
u = vB = 5 t AB , v = 0, a = -5 m/s 2 K

v = u + at Þ 0 = 5t AB - 5tCD = 0 a
Kv0
Þ t AB = tCD and

(a) (b)
1

S = ut - at 2
2 t
2
2
Þ CD = 5t AB
- 2.5 (t AB ) = 2.5t 2AB = AB a t

Total time = t AB + t BC + tCD = 25 (c) (d)

Þ 2t AB + t BC = 25 ...(i)
–Kv0
Also,
Total distance = AB + BC + CD = 500  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
2
Þ 2.5t AB 2
+ 5t AB t BC + 2.5t AB = 500 ...(ii) Sol. V = V0 – Kx
Solving eqn (i) and eqn (ii) we find t BC = 15sec dx
x
dx
t

Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. = (V0 – Kx) ⇒ ò = ò dt

dt 0
(V0 - Kx ) 0
4. A motorcycle and a car start their rectilinear motion from
V0
rest from the same place at the same time and travel in the x= (1– e–Kt)
same direction. The motorcycle accelerates at 1.0 m/s2 up to K
a speed of 36 km/hr and the car at 0.5 m/s2 up to a speed of dx d2x
54 km/hr. Their velocities remain constant after that. Draw ∴ = + V0 e–Kt ⇒ a = 2 = – KV0 e–Kt
dt dt
v-t graph of both. Calculate the distance at which the car
would overtake the motorcycle. At t = 0, a = – KV0
(a) 150 m (b) 900 m (c) 300 m (d) 100 m At t = ∞, a = 0
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) Therefore, graph is as shown
a
Sol. v-t graphs for both vehicles is as below
t

–KV0
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
6. A steel ball bearing is released from the roof of a building.
For motorcycle An observer standing in front of a window 120 cm high
10 m/s = 0 + (1m/s2) t observes that the ball takes 0.125 sec to fall from top to the
t = 10s bottom of the window. The ball continues to fall and makes
For car a completely elastic collision with side walk and reappears
15 m/s = 0 + (0.5 m/s2) t at the bottom of the window 2 s after passing it on the way
t = 30 s down. How tall is the building? (In elastic collision the
Suppose after t time car over takes motorcycle. kinetic energy remains conserved before and after collision)
Area under v-t graph till that time for both will be same (a) 50 m (b) 41.5 m (c) 75 m (d) 20.5 m
Area of OABC = Area of ODEC  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
1 1 1
(t + t – 10) 10 = (t + t – 30) 15 Sol. 1.2 = ut + gt2
2 2 2

Motion in a Straight Line 15

 1 6
1.2 = u × 0.125 + × 10 × (0.125)2 tanθ = a = – = – 6 m/s2
2 1
1.2 = u × 0.125 + 5 × (0.125)2 Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
1.2 - 0.078125 (iii) x (at t = 4 sec):

u= = 8.975 m/s Area under the curve from t = 0 to t = 4 sec
0.125
1 1

v = 8.975 + 10 × 0.125 = 10.225 m/s = 6 × 1 + × 6 × 1 – × 6 × 1 – 6 × 1 = 0
2 2
⇒ x (t = 4) = 0 m
X1 x Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
(iv) Average speed from t = 0 to t = 3 sec.
1.2 m, t = 0.125 s
Displacement from t = 0 to t = 2 sec. = Area under the
v
1
curve = 6 + × 6 × 1 = 9 m
2
X2 1
Displacement form t = 2 to t = 3 sec. = – × 6 × 1
= –3 m 2

1 Distance from t = 0 to t = 3 sec = |9| + |–3| = 12 m

X2 = 10.225 × 1 + × 10 × 1 2 = 15.225 m Distance 12
2 Average speed = = = 4 m/s
u 2 (8.975) 2 Time 3
u2 = 0 + 2 × 10 × X1 ⇒ X1 = = = 4.028 m
20 20 Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
Htotal = X1 + X2 + 1.2 = 4.028 + 15.225 + 1.2 8. When a situation demands our immediate action, it takes
= 20.4525 = 20.5 m some time before we really respond. Reaction time is the
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer. time a person takes to observe, think and act. For example, if
a person is driving and suddenly a boy appears on the road,
7. A particle moves along a straight line along x-axis. At time
then the time elasped before he slams the breaks of the car
t = 0, its position is at x = 0. The velocity v m/s of the object
is the reaction time. Reaction time depends on complexity
changes as a function of time t seconds as shown in the figure.
of the situation and on individual. You can measure your
v(m/s) reaction time by a simple experiment. Take a ruler and ask
your friend to drop it vertically through the gap between your
thumb and forefinger. After you catch it, find the distance
d travelled by the ruler. In a particular case, d was found to
be 20 cm. [g = 10 m/s2]
t (i) Estimate reaction time.
(a) 0.1 s (b) 0.2 s (c) 0.4 s (d) 1 s
(ii) Now if you are driving a car at a speed of 54 km/h and the
brakes cause a deceleration of 6.0 m/s2, find the distance
travelled by the car after you see the need to put the brakes on.
(i) What is x at t = 1 sec? (a) 21.75 m (b) 42.5 m (c) 10.875 m (d) 85 m
(a) 2 m (b) 4 m (c) 6 m (d) 8 m  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(ii) What is the acceleration at t = 2 sec? Sol.
(a) 10 m/s2 (b) 20 m/s2 (c) –12 m/s2 (d) –6 m/s2 1 0.4
(i) 0.2 = × 10t2 ⇒ t2 = ⇒ t = 0.2 s
(iii) What is x at t = 4 sec? 2 10
(a) 0 m (b) 1 m (c) 5 m (d) 10 m Reaction time = 0.2 sec
(iv) What is the average speed between t = 0 and t = 3 sec? Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
(a) 8 m/s (b) 4 m/s (c) 2 m/s (d) 1 m/s
54 ´ 5
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (ii) 54 km/hr = = 15 m/s
18
Sol. (i) x is displacement at t = 1 sec.
Area under the v – t curve gives displacement Total distance = 15 × reaction time + (v2/2a)
From t = 0 to t = 1 sec. 152 225
x=6×1=6m Total distance = 0.2 × 15 + =3+
2´6 12
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. = 21.75 m
(ii) Slope of the v–t curve gives acceleration from the given Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
v–t curve 9. A Diwali rocket is launched vertically with its fuse ignited
Slope at t = 2 sec. gives acceleration at t = 2 sec. at time t = 0, as shown. The charge provides constant
acceleration for 2 sec. till rocket attains V = 40 ms–1.

16 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 Afterwards rocket continues to move freely under gravity.
Þ v = -20 6 m/s

40

v
4 2 6
(m/s)
2 4 t(sec)

–20 6
The acceleration-time and velocity-time graphs for the rocket Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
from lauching till it reaches ground are
[Take vertically upward direction as positive] 10. A block of mass m is fired horizontally along a level surface
2
that is lubricated with oil. The oil provides a viscous
a(m/s ) v(m/s) resistance that varies as the 3/2 power of the speed. If the
20 40 initial speed of the block is v0 at x = 0, find the maximum
(a) 2 4+2 6 4 4 + 2 6 t(s) distance reached by the block. Assume no resistance to
t(s)
2 motion other than that provided by the oil.
–10
1 1
–20 6
(a) mv0 3 (b) 2mv0 3
2
a(m/s ) v(m/s) 1 1
(c) 3mv0 3 (d) 4mv0 3

20  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

(b) t(s) t(s) Sol. F = –v3/2
2 2+2 6 2 2+2 6
1
a=– v3/2
m
a(m/s2) v(m/s)
dv 1

v = - v3/2
20 dx m
(c) 0 1 d
t(s) t(s) - 1
ò v 2 dv = - m ò0
2 4
4+2 6 4+2 6 dx
–10 v0

(d) None of these 2mv01/2 = d or d = 2mv0½

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
Sol. v = u + at 11. Acceleration of particle moving rectilinearly is a = 4 – 2x
⇒ 40 = 0 + a × 2 ⇒ a = 20 m/s2 (where x is position in metre and a in m/s2). It is at rest at
x = 0. At what position x (in metre) will the particle again
v2 = u2 + 2ah ⇒ (40)2 = 0 + 2 × 20h come to instantaneous rest?
40 ´ 40 (a) 2 m (b) 3 m (c) 4 m (d) 5 m
⇒h= = 40 m
40  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
Time taken in reaching from h = 40 m to ground vdv
1 1 Sol. = 4 – 2x
h = ut – gt2 ⇒ –40 = 40t – × 10 × t2 dx
2 2 v x
v2
On solving ò vdv = ò (4 - 2 x)dx ⇒

2
= 4x – x2
0 0
t = 4 + 2 6 sec

when v = 0, 4x – x2 = 0
x = 0, 4
20
∴ At x = 4 m, the particle will again come to rest.
a Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.
4 2 6
   /s )
2
( m
2 t(sec) 12. The driver of a train A running at 25 ms–1 sights a train B
– 10 moving in the same direction on the same track with 15 ms–1.
The driver of train A applies brakes to produce a deceleration
of 1.0 ms–2. To avoid accident the minimum distance between
two trains should be
v2 = 402 + 2(–10)(–40)

Motion in a Straight Line 17
 (a) 20 m (b) 30 m (c) 50 m (d) 70 m Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (iii) Final speed of the car
Sol. vr = 25 – 15 = 10 m/s and ar = –1 m/s2 so by vr2 = ur2 + 2arS = u + at
= 20 + 0.5 × 20 = 30 m/s.
100 Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

S= = 50 m .
2 ´1 14. Men are running along a road at 15 km/h behind one another
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. at equal intervals of 20 m. Cyclists are riding in the same
13. The driver of a car travelling at a speed of 20 m/s, wishes direction at 25 km/h at equal intervals of 30 m. What should
to overtake a truck that is moving with a constant speed of be the speed of an observer travelling along the road in
20 m s–1 in the same lane. The car’s maximum acceleration opposite direction so that whenever he meets a runner he
is 0.5 m s–2. Initially the vehicles are separated by 40 m, and also meets a cyclist? (neglect the size of cycle)
the car returns back into its lane after it is 40 m ahead of (a) 10 kmh–1 (b) 7 kmh–1 (c) 15 kmh–1(d) 5 kmh–1
the truck. The car is 3 m long and the truck 17 m. Based on  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
the above comprehension, answer the following questions.
Sol. Let u = speed of observer.
(i) Find the minimum time required for the car to pass the truck Relative velocity between observer and a man
and return back to its lane? = u + 15 km/h.
(a) 30 s (b) 20 s (c) 40 s (d) 70 s Relative velocity between observer and a cyclist.
(ii) What distance does the car travel during this time? = u + 25 km/h.
(a) 250 m (b) 350 m (c) 600 m (d) 500 m
20 m
(iii) What is the final speed of the car ? 15 km/h
cyclist
(a) 30 ms–1 (b) 25 ms–1 (c) 35 ms–1 (d) 20 ms–1 M3 M2 M1
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
30 m 25 km/h
Sol. (i) Displacement of car relative to truck C3 C2 C1 Men
xr = 40 + 17 + 3 + 40
= 100 m. Observer
O
t = 0 (Initilly)
Hence, to for a man and a cyclist to meet simultaneously
2
a1 = 0.5 m/s u2 = 20 m/s 20 m 30 m
=
u1 = 20 m/s a2 = 0
(u + 15) km/h (u + 25) km/h
Car Truck
⇒ u = 5 km/h
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
3m 40 m 17 m
15. Car A and car B start moving simultaneously in the same
direction along the line joining them. Car A moves with a
Relative initial velocity between car and truck
constant acceleration a = 4 m/s2, while car B moves with
ur = 20 – 20 = 0
a constant velocity v = 1 m/s. At time t = 0, car A is 10 m
t = t (Finally)
behind car B. Find the time when car A overtakes car B. How
v1 = 20 m/s v1 much time A take to overtake.
Truck Car (a) 2.5 s (b) 7.5 s (c) 5 s (d) 1.25 s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
17 m 40 m 3m Sol. Given: uA = 0, uB = 1 m/s, aA = 4 m/s2 and aB = 0
Assuming car B to be at rest, we have
Relative acceleration between car and truck
ar = 0.5 – 0 = 0.5 m/s2 uAB = uA – uB = 0 – 1 = –1 m/s
Let required time = t. aAB = aA – aB = 4 – 0 = 4 m/s2
∴ II equation of motion Now, the problem can be assumed in simplified form as
1 1 follow:
xr = ur t + ar t2 ⇒ 100 = 0 + × 0.5 × t2
2 2
⇒ t = 20 sec.
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
(ii) Distance travelled by car
1 Substituting the proper values in equation
xc = ut + at2
2

1
= 20 × 20 + × 0.5 × 202 = 500 m
2
18 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
 Note: The above problem can also be solved without using
the concept of relative motion as under. At the time when A
overtakes B,
SA = SB + 10

1 2 1

S = ut + at ∴ × 4 × t2 = 1 × t + 10
2 2
1 or 2t2 – t – 10 = 0
we get 10 = –t + (4)(t2) or 2t2 – t – 10 = 0
2 which on solving gives t = 2.5 s and –2 s, the same as we
Ignoring the negative value, the desired found above.
time is 2.5s.
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

Prarambh (Topicwise)

POSITION, DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT v22

(a) v1v2 (b)
1. A body moves 6 m north. 8 m east and 10 m vertically v12
upwards, what is its resultant displacement from initial v1 + v2 2v1v2
position? (c) (d)
2 v1 + v2
10
(a) 10 2 m (b) 10 m (c) m (d) 20 m  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
2
5. A car travels the first half of a distance between two places
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
at a speed of 30 km/hr and the second half of the distance
2. A body moves in circular path of radius R from A to B as at 50 km/hr. The average speed of the car for the whole
shown. Its displacement and distance covered are journey is
(a) 42.5 km/hr (b) 40.0 km/hr
R (c) 37.5 km/hr (d) 35.0 km/hr
O A  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
6. A person travels along a straight road for the first half time
with a velocity v1 and the next half time with a velocity v2.
B
The mean velocity V of the man is
3pR pR
(a) R, (b) 2 R, 2 1 1 v1 + v2
2 2 (a) = + (b) V =
V v1 v2 2
3pR
(c) 2 R, (d) None of these v1
2 (c) V = v1v2 (d) V =
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) v2

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

3. A particle covers half of the circle of radius r. Then the
displacement and distance of the particle are respectively 7. If a car covers 2/5th
of the total distance with v1 speed and
3/5th distance with v2 then average speed is
pr
(a) 2πr, 0 (b) 2r, πr (c) , 2r (d) πr, r 1 v1 + v2
2 (a) v1v2 (b)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 2 2
2v1v2 5v1v2
(c) (d)
SPEED AND VELOCITY v1 + v2 3v1 + 2v2
4. A person travels along a straight road for half the distance  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
with velocity v1 and the remaining half distance with
8. Which of the following options is correct for the object
velocity v2. The average velocity is given by having a straight line motion represented by the following
graph?

Motion in a Straight Line 19

 (a) A body can have zero velocity and still be accelerated.
t (b) A body can have a constant velocity and still have a
varying speed.
(c) A body can have a constant speed and still have a
varying velocity.
(d) The direction of the velocity of a body can change
s when its acceleration is constant.
(a) The object moves with constantly increasing velocity
from O to A and then it moves with constant velocity  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(b) Velocity of the object increases uniformly
14. A car starting from rest and moving with acceleration of
(c) Average velocity is zero
4ms–2, covers half the distance during last second of motion
(d) The graph shown is impossible before it strikes a vertical wall. Find the distance of wall
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) from starting point.
(a) 23.3 m (b) 24 m
CONSTANT ACCELERATION (c) 24.3 m (d) 26.3 m
9. A particle experiences a constant acceleration for 20 sec  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
after starting from rest. If it travels a distance S1 in the first 15. A car starts from rest and moves with uniform acceleration
10 sec and a distance S2 in the next 10 sec, then a on a straight road from time t = 0 to t = T. After that,
(a) S1 = S2 (b) S1 = S2/3 constant deceleration brings it to rest. In this process the
(c) S1 = S2/2 (d) S1 = S2/4 average speed of the car is
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) aT 3aT
(a) (b)
4 2
10. A body is moving from rest under constant acceleration and
let S1 be the displacement in the first (p – 1) sec and S2 aT
(c) (d) aT
be the displacement in the first p sec. The displacement in 2
(p2 – p + 1)th sec. will be  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(a) S1 + S2 (b) S1 S2 16. A car, starting from rest, accelerates at constant rate f
(c) S1 – S2 (d) S1 / S2 through a distance S, then continues at constant speed for
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) f
time t and thaen decelerates at the rate to come to rest.
11. The displacement of body moving with constant 2
acceleration, in 3rd seconds is 2m and in 5th second is 9m. If the total distance traversed is 15 S, then
Find the acceleration of body. 1 1
(a) S = ft 2 (b) S = ft 2
5 -2 7 -2 2 4
(a) ms (b) ms
2 2 1 2 1 2
(c) S = ft (d) S = ft
9 -2 11 -2 72 6
(c) ms (d) ms
2 2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
MOTION UNDER GRAVITY
12. A point moves with uniform acceleration and ν1, ν2 and
ν3 denote the average velocities in the three successive 17. A stone falls from a balloon that is descending at a uniform
intervals of time t1, t2 and t3. Which of the following rate of 12 m/s. The displacement of the stone from the point
relations is correct? of release after 10 sec is
(a) 490 m (b) 510 m (c) 610 m (d) 725 m
(a) (v1 – v2) : (v2 – v3) = (t1 – t2) : (t2 + t3)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(b) (v1 – v2) : (v2 – v3) = (t1 + t2) : (t2 + t3)
18. Two bodies of different masses ma and mb are dropped from
(c) (v1 – v2) : (v2 – v3) = (t1 – t2) : (t2 – t3) two different heights a and b. The ratio of the time taken by
(d) (v1 – v2) : (v2 – v3) = (t1 – t2) : (t2 + t3) the two to cover these distances are
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (a) a : b (b) b : a (c) a : b (d) a2 : b2
13. Which of the following four statements is false?  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

20 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 19. Two balls are projected simultaneously with the same speed then its acceleration will be
from the top of a tower, one vertically upwards and the other (a) Zero (b) 8 m/s2 (c) –8 m/s2 (d) 4 m/s2
vertically downwards. If the first ball strikes the ground with
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
speed 20 m/s then speed of second ball when it strikes the
ground is 25. The displacement x of a particle varies with time t as
(a) 10 m/s (b) 20 m/s x = ae–at + bebt, where a, b, a and b are positive constants.
(c) 40 m/s (d) Data insufficient The velocity of the particle will
(a) Go on decreasing with time
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(b) Will be independent of α and β
20. A ball is released from the top of a tower of height h. It takes
(c) Drop to zero when α = β
t sec to reach the ground. Where will be the ball after time
t/2 sec? (d) Go on increasing with time
(a) At h/2 from the ground  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(b) At h/4 from the ground
(c) Depends upon mass and volume of the ball GRAPHS
(d) At 3h/4 from the ground 26. The variation of velocity of a particle with time moving
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) along a straight line is illustrated in the following figure.
The distance travelled by the particle in four seconds is
21. A body is slipping from an inclined plane of height h and
length l. If the angle of inclination is q, the time taken by

Velocity (m/s)
30
the body to come from the top to the bottom of this inclined
plane is 20

2h 2h 10
(a) (b)
g g 0
1 2 3 4
1 2h 2h Time in second
(c) (d) sin q
sin q g g (a) 60 m (b) 55 m (c) 25 m (d) 30 m
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
27. The v – t graph of a moving object is given in figure.
22. A man in a balloon rising vertically with an acceleration
The maximum acceleration is
of 4.9 m/sec2 releases a ball 2 sec after the balloon is let
go from the ground. The greatest height above the ground
Velocity (cm/sec)

80
reached by the ball is (g = 9.8 m/sec2)
(a) 14.7 m (b) 19.6 m (c) 9.8 m (d) 24.5 m 60
40
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
20
0
VARIABLE ACCELERATION 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (sec.)
23. A particle starts from rest. Its acceleration (a) versus time
(t) is as shown in the figure. The maximum speed of the (a) 1 cm/sec2 (b) 2 cm/sec2
particle will be (c) 3 cm/sec2 (d) 6 cm/sec2
a
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
10 m/s B
2
28. A lift is going up. The variation in the speed of the lift is as
given in the graph. What is the height to which the lift takes
the passengers?
A t(s)
11 sec
(a) 110 m/s (b) 55 m/s (c) 550 m/s (d) 660 m/s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
24. If the velocity of a particle is given by v = (180 – 16x)1/2 m/s,

Motion in a Straight Line 21

  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

Velocity (m/sec)
31. A ball is thrown vertically upwards. Which of the following
3.6 plots represents the speed-time graph of the ball during its
motion if the air resistance (constant) is not ignored?

0 2 Time (sec) 10 12

Speed
(a) 3.6 m (a)
(b) 28.8 m
(c) 36.0 m Time
(d) Cannot be calculated from the above graph
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

Speed
(b)
29. The displacement-time graph of moving particle is shown below
s
Time
Displacement

D
F
C E (c)
Time t

The instantaneous velocity of the particle is negative at the

point.
(a) D (b) F (c) C (d) E

Speed
(d)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
30. A ball is dropped vertically from a height d above the Time
ground. It hits the ground and bounces up vertically to a  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
height d/2. Neglecting subsequent motion and air resistance, 32. Which graph must represent non-uniform acceleration (s is
its velocity v varies with the height h above the ground as displacement)?
v
s s
(a) (b)
d
(a) h
t t

v s s
(c) (d)

(b) d
h
t t

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

33. The graph shows position as a function of time for two
v
trains running on parallel tracks. Which one of the following
statements is true?
d
(c) h position A

v time
tB

(d) d
h (a) At time tB, both trains have the same velocity
(b) Both trains have the same velocity at some time after tB
(c) Both trains have the same velocity at some time before tB

22 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 (d) Somewhere on the graph, both trains have the same  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
acceleration 38. An object A is moving with 10 m/s and B is moving with
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 5 m/s in the same direction of positive x-axis. A is 100 m
behind B as shown. Find time taken by A to Meet B
ONE DIMENSIONAL RELATIVE MOTION
34. Two trains, each 50 m long are travelling in opposite
direction with velocity 10 m/s and 15 m/s. The time of
crossing is
(a) 18 sec (b) 16 sec (c) 20 sec (d) 17 sec
(a) 2 s (b) 4 s (c) 2 3 s (d) 4 3 s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
39. A thief is running away on a straight road with a speed of
35. A 210 meter long train is moving due North at a of 25m/s. 9 ms–1. A police man chases him on a jeep moving at a speed
A small bird is flying due South a little above the train with of 10 ms–1. If the instantaneous separation of the jeep from
speed 5m/s. The time taken by the bird to cross the train is the motorcycle is 100m, how long will it take for the police
(a) 6 s (b) 7 s man to catch the thief?
(c) 9 s (d) 10 s (a) 1s (b) 19s (c) 90s (d) 100s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
36. A stone is dropped from a building, and 2 seconds later
another stone is dropped. (Both a are dropped from rest.) DISTANCE OF NEAREST APPROACH
How far apart are the two stones by the time the first one
40. A body is projected vertically up at t = 0 with a velocity of
has reached a speed of 30 m/s ?
98 m/s. Another body is projected from the same point with
(a) 80 m (b) 100 m same velocity after 4 seconds. Both bodies will meet after:
(c) 60 m (d) 40 m (a) 6 s (b) 8 s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (c) 10 s (d) 12 s
37. Two trains each of length 50 m are approaching each
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
other on parallel rails. Their velocities are 10 m/sec and
15 m/sec. They will cross each other in
(a) 2 sec (b) 4 sec
(c) 10 sec (d) 6 sec

Prabal (JEE Main Level)

1. A car runs at constant speed on a circular track of radius  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
100 m taking 62.8 s on each lap. What is the average speed 3. A body is thrown upward and reaches its maximum height.
and average velocity on each complete lap? At that position
(a) Its velocity is zero and its acceleration is also zero
(a) Average velocity 10 m/s, average speed 10 m/s
(b) Its velocity is zero but its acceleration is maximum
(b) Average velocity zero, average speed 10 m/s (c) Its acceleration is minimum
(c) Average velocity zero, average speed zero (d) Its velocity is zero and its acceleration is the acceleration
(d) Average velocity 10 m/s, average speed zero due to gravity

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

2. A body starts from rest and is uniformly accelerated for 4. The motion of a body is given by the equation
30 s. The distance travelled in the first 10s is x1, in next 10 s dv(t )
= 6.0 - 3v(t ), where v (t) is speed in m/s and t in sec.
is x2 and in last 10 s is x3. Then x1 : x2 : x3 is dt
(a) 1 : 2 : 4 (b) 1 : 2 : 5 If body was at rest at t = 0 choose the wrong option.
(c) 1 : 3 : 5 (d) 1 : 3 : 9 (a) The terminal speed is 2.0 m/s

Motion in a Straight Line 23

 (b) The speed varies with the time as v (t) = 2(1 – e–3t) m/s velocity
(c) The speed is 0.1 m/s when the acceleration is half the

position
initial value
(a) (b)
(d) The magnitude of the initial acceleration is 6.0 m/s2 O t/6 t/3 time

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) O t time

5. The displacement time graphs of motion of two particles

A and B are straight lines making angles of 30º and 60º

velocity

position
respectively with the time axis. If the velocity of A is vA and
v
that of B is vB then the value of A is (c) (d) t
vB O time
(a) 1/2 (b) 1/ 3 O t time
(c) 3 (d) 1/3
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
6. The curve shown represents the velocity-time graph of a 9. Four particles move along x-axis. Their coordinates (in
particle, its acceleration values along OA, AB and BC in meters) as functions of time (in seconds) are given by
metre/sec2 are respectively Particle 1 : x(t) = 3.5 – 2.7t3
Particle 2 : x(t) = 3.5 + 2.7t3
10
A B Particle 3 : x(t) = 3.5 + 2.7t2
Particle 4 : x(t) = 3.5 – 3.4t – 2.7t2
Velocity in m/sec

Which of these particles have constant acceleration?

(a) All four (b) Only 1 and 2
C
0 10 20 30 40 (c) Only 2 and 3 (d) Only 3 and 4
Time in sec  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(a) 1, 0, –0.5 (b) 1, 0, 0.5 10. A particle is projected up from ground with initial speed v0.
(c) 1, 1, 0.5 (d) 1, 0.5, 0 Starting from time t = 0 to t = t1,
(a) Distance travelled and magnitude of displacement are
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
v
not equal if t1 < 0
7. In the following velocity-time graph of a body, the distance g
and displacement travelled by the body in 5 second in (b) Distance travelled and magnitude of displacement are
meters will be v 2v
equal if 0 < t1 < 0
v (m/s) g g
40
30 (c) Distance travelled and magnitude of displacement may
20 2v
not be equal if 0 < t1 < 0
10
4 5 g
0 t (sec)
–10 1 2 3 (d) The magnitude of displacement is greater than the
–20 v 2v
distance travelled if 0 < t1 < 0
–30 g g

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

(a) 75, 115 (b) 105, 75
11. Two bodies P and Q have to move equal distances starting
(c) 45, 75 (d) 95, 55 from rest. P is accelerated with 2a for first half distance,
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) then its acceleration becomes a for last half, whereas Q has
acceleration a for first half and acceleration 2a for last half,
8. For which of the following graphs the average velocity of
then for whole journey.
a particle moving along a straight line for time interval (0, t)
(a) Average speed of P is more than that of Q
must be negative?
(b) Average speed of both will be same

24 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 (c) Maximum speed during the journey is more for P (c) graphs I and III, only (d) graphs I, II, and III
(d) Maximum speed during the journey is more for Q  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 16. From the top of a tower, a stone is thrown up. It reaches
12. A car is moving along a straight line. It is taken from rest to the ground in time t1. A second stone thrown down with
a velocity of 20 ms–1 by a constant acceleration of 5ms–2. It the same speed reaches the ground in time t2. A third stone
maintains a constant velocity of 20 ms–1 for 5 seconds and released from rest reaches the ground in time t3. Then:
then is brought to rest again by a constant acceleration of t +t
(a) t3 = 1 2 (b) t3 = t1t2
–2 ms–2. Find the distance covered by the car. 2
(a) 120 m (b) 200 m (c) 240 m (d) 400 m
1 1 1
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (c) = - (d) t32 = t12 - t22
t3 t1 t2
13. A graph between the square of the velocity of a particle and
the distance 'S' moved by the particle is shown in the figure.  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
The acceleration of the particle in kilometer per hour square 17. A bus is moving with a velocity 10 ms–1 on a straight road.
is A scooterist wishes to overtake the bus in 100s. If the bus is
at a distance of 1 km from the scooterist, with what velocity
3600 should the scooterist chase the bus?
(a) 50 ms–1 (b) 40 ms–1 (c) 30 ms–1 (d) 20 ms–1
v2in (km/hr)2

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

900 18. A particle P starts from origin as shown and moves along a
circular path. Another particle Q crosses x-axis at the instant
O particle P leaves origin. Q moves with constant speed V
0.6 S(in km) parallel to y-axis and is all the time having y-coordinate
(a) 2250 (b) 225 same as that of P. When P reaches diametrically opposite
(c) –2250 (d) –225 at point B, its average speed is
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) Y
14. Initially car A is 10.5 m ahead of car B. Both start moving
B
at time t = 0 in the same direction along a straight line.
The velocity time graph of two cars is shown in figure. The
time when the car B will catch the car A, will be
v(m/s) P V
CarB X
A Q

10m/s CarA pV
(a) πV (b)
2
45º V
t(s) (c) (d) None of these
2
(a) t = 21 s (b) t = 2 5 s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(c) t = 20 s (d) None of these
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS
15. Each of the three graphs represents acceleration versus time
19. A thief in a stolen car passes through a police check post
for an object that already has a positive velocity at time t1.
at his top speed of 90 kmh−1. A motorcycle cop, reacting
Which graphs show an object whose speed is increasing for
after 2 s, accelerates from rest at 5 ms−2. His top speed
the entire time interval between t1 and t2?
being 108 kmh−1. Find the maximum separation between
a a a
policemen and thief is K × 10–1m. Find K.
I III
II  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
20. Two trains are moving with velocities v1 = 10 ms−1 and
v2 = 20 ms−1 on the same track in opposite directions. After
t t t
t1 the application of brakes if their retarding rates are
1 t t2 t2 t1 t2
a 1 = 2 ms−2 and a2 = 1 ms−2 respectively, then find the
(a) graph I, only (b) graphs I and II, only
Motion in a Straight Line 25
 minimum distance of separation (in m) between the trains  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
to avoid collision. 24. A stone is dropped from a certain height and can reach the
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) ground in 5s. But in its fall, the stone is stopped after 3s of
21. Two trains, each travelling with a speed of 37.5 kmh–1, are the fall for a moment and is dropped again at once. Now the
approaching each other on the same straight track. A bird stone reaches the ground in total time of 't' seconds. Find the
that can fly at 60 kmh–1 flies off from one train when they value of t.
are 90 km apart and heads directly for the other train. On
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
reaching the other train, it flies back to the first and so on.
Total distance covered by the bird is ______ km. 25. A train is travelling at v m/s along a level straight track.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) Very near and parallel to the track is a wall. On the wall a
22. A large procession of people is moving along a road of naughty boy has drawn a straight line that slopes upward at
width 10 m. There is a railway track across the road. The 37° angle with the horizontal. A passenger in the train is
number of people present per square meter of the road is observing the line out of window (0.90 m high, 1.8 m wide
6 (on an average). The average speed at which the procession as shown in figure). The line first appears at window corner
is moving is 0.4 m/s. Find the number of people crossing
the railway track per second. A and finally disappears at window corner B. If it takes
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 0.4 sec between appearance at A and disappearance of the
line at B, what is the value of v (in cm/s)?
23. An astronaut on the starship Enterprise is roaming around
on a distant planet. He drops a rock from the top of a cliff v
and observes that it takes time t1 = 2 sec to reach the B B B
bottom. He now throws another rock vertically upwards
so that it reaches a height h = 10 m above the cliff before
dropping down the cliff. The second rock takes a total time A A A
t2 = 2 sec to reach the bottom of the cliff, starting from 37°
the time it leaves the astronaut’s hand. The planet has a
very thin atmosphere which offers negligible air resistance.  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
What is the value of acceleration (in m/s2) due to gravity on
this planet?

t2
t1

PAUSE FOR
GRATITUDE
BEFORE MEALS

™ Before each meal, take a moment to express

gratitude for the food you’re about to eat
and the effort it took to get to your table.
™ As you sit down to eat, pause to think about
the people involved in producing, preparing,
and serving the food.

26 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 Parikshit (JEE Advanced Level)
1. Mark the correct statements for a particle going on a straight
2 v0
line (a) The particle comes to rest at t =
a
(a) If the velocity is zero at any instant, the acceleration
(b) The particle will come to rest at infinity.
should also be zero at that instant.
(b) If the velocity is zero for a time interval, the acceleration 2v03/ 2
(c) The distance travelled by the particle is .
is zero at any instant within the time interval. a
(c) If the velocity and acceleration have opposite sign, 2 v03/ 2
(d) The distance travelled by the particle is .
the object is slowing down. 3 a
(d) If the position and velocity have opposite sign, the  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
particle is moving towards the origin. 6. A particle is resting over a smooth horizontal floor. At t = 0,
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) a horizontal force starts acting on it. Magnitude of the force
2. The figure shows the velocity (v) of a particle plotted increases with time as F = kt, where k is a constant. Two
curves are drawn for this particle as shown.
against time (t)
v 2
1
+v0
T
0 t
2T
–v0
O
(a) Curve-1 shows acceleration versus time.
(a) The particle changes its direction of motion at some
(b) Curve-2 shows velocity versus time.
point.
(c) Curve-2 shows velocity versus acceleration.
(b) The acceleration of the particle remains constant.
(d) Curve-1 shows velocity versus acceleration.
(c) The displacement of the particle is zero.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(d) The initial and final speeds of the particle are the same.
7. The minimum speed with respect to air that a particular
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) jet aircraft must have in order to keep aloft is 300 km/hr.
3. A particle moves with constant speed v along a regular Suppose that as its pilot prepares to take off, the wind blows
hexagon ABCDEF in the same order. Then the magnitude eastward at a ground speed that can vary between 0 and
of the average velocity for its motion from A to 30 km/hr. Ignoring any other fact, a safe procedure to follow,
(a) F is v/5 (b) D is v/3 consistent with using up as little fuel as possible, is to:
(a) Take off eastward at a ground speed of 320 km/hr
v 3
(c) C is (d) B is v (b) Take off westward at a ground speed of 320 km/hr
2
(c) Take off westward at a ground speed of 300 km/hr
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(d) Take off westward at a ground speed of 280 km/hr
4. Path of a particle moving in x-y plane is y = 3x + 4. At some  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
instant suppose x-component of velocity is 1 m/s and it is 8. A block is thrown with a velocity of 2 ms–1 (relative to
increasing at a rate of 1 m/s2. Then ground) on a belt, which is moving with velocity 4 ms–1
(a) At this instant the speed of particle is 10 m/s. in opposite direction of the initial velocity of block. If the
block stops slipping on the belt after 4 sec of the throwing
(b) At this instant the acceleration of particle is 10 m/s2. then choose the correct statements
(c) Velocity time graph is a straight line. (a) Displacement with respect to ground is zero after 2.66s
(d) Acceleration-time graph is a straight line. and magnitude of displacement with respect to ground
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) is 12 m after 4 sec.
(b) Magnitude of displacement with respect to ground in
5. A particle having a velocity v = v0 at t = 0 is brought to rest
4 sec is 4 m.
by decelerating at the rate |a| = a v , where a is a positive
(c) Magnitude of displacement with respect to belt in
constant.
Motion in a Straight Line 27
 4 sec is 12 m. COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS
(d) Displacement with respect to ground is zero in 8/3 sec Comprehension (Q. 13 to 15): The velocity-time graph of a
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) car moving on a straight track is given below. The car weighs
1000 kg. (Use F = ma)
9. A particle has initial velocity 10 m/s. It moves under
constant retarding force along the line of velocity which Velocity
(m/s)
produces a retardation of 5 m/s2. Then
(a) The maximum displacement in the direction of initial
10
velocity is 10 m.
(b) The distance travelled in first 3 seconds is 7.5 m. time
(c) The distance travelled in first 3 seconds is 12.5 m. 2 7 10 (sec)
(d) The distance travelled in first 3 seconds is 17.5 m. 13. The distance travelled by the car during the whole motion is
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (a) 50 m (b) 75 m (c) 100 m (d) 150 m
10. The displacement x of a particle depends on time t as  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
x = αt2 – βt3 14. The braking force required to bring the car to a stop within
(a) Particle will return to its starting point after time α/β. one second from the maximum speed is
2a 10000
(b) The particle will come to rest after time . (a) N (b) 5000 N
3b 3
5000
(c) The initial velocity of the particle was zero but its initial (c) 10000 N (d)
N
3
acceleration was not zero.  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
a 15. Correct acceleration-time graph representing the motion of
(d) No net force acts on the particle at time .
3b car is
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) a(m/s2)

11. A body starts from the origin and moves along the x-axis such 5
3 2
(a)
that position at any instant is given by X = t - 3t + 2t + 18 , t(s)
3 2 2 7 10
where t is in second and position is in m. Choose the correct
10
options” 
3
(a) At t = 2 sec, the particle is at its local maximum position
a(m/s2)
(b) At t = 1 sec, the particle is at its local minimum position
(c) At t = 2 sec, the particle is at its local minimum position (b)
5

(d) At t = 1 sec, the particle is at its local maximum position t(s)

2 7 10
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
10
12. The position–time (x – t) graphs for two rabbits A and B 
3
moving from their carrot field O to their homes P and Q
a(m/s2)
respectively along straight line path (taken as x axis) are
shown in figure below. Choose the correct statement (s):
5
x (c)
Q B
t(s)
P A 2 7 10

a(m/s2)
O t0 t
5
(a) A lives closer to the carrot field than B (d)
t(s)
(b) A starts from the carrot field earlier than B 2 7 10
(c) A and B have equal average velocities from 0 to t0 
10
(d) B overtakes A on the way 3

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
28 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
Comprehension (Q. 16 to 17): In the 2008 Olympic 100 m final, (c) A – B
Usain Bolt broke new ground, winning in 9.69 s (unofficially (d) A or B whichever is greater
9.683 s). This was an improvement upon his own world record, and Comprehension (Q. 20 to 21): Two long horizontal test tracks
he was well ahead of second-place finisher Richard Thompson, at Edward Air force base, running parallel and next to each other
who finished in 9.89 s. Not only was the record set without a were used to compare the performance of rocket motor and a jet
favourable wind (+0.0 m/s), but he also visibly slowed down to motor.
celebrate before he finished and his shoelace was untied. Bolt’s
The rocket motor start from rest and accelerate constantly
coach reported that, based upon the speed of Bolt’s opening,
along the first track until it reaches exactly half the test distance
he could have finished with a time of 9.52 s. After scientific
L/2 at time t1 after this point rocket run out of fuel, and then
analysis of Bolt’s run by the Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics
continued at constant speed to cover the remaining distance L/2.
at the University of Oslo, Hans Eriksen and his colleagues also
predicted a 9.60 s time. Considering factors such as Bolt's position, A jet motor started at the same instant as the rocket at the
acceleration and velocity in comparison with second-place-finisher same starting co-ordinate s = 0 along the second track and ran
Thompson, the team estimated that Bolt could have finished in 9.55 along the track with constant acceleration for the whole length L
± 0.04 s had he not slowed to celebrate before the finishing line. It was observed that both the rocket and jet motor covered the
Let us also analyse the motion of Bolt. Assume that the velocity test distance in exactly same time T.
time graph of Usain Bolt is as shown below. t
20. The ratio of 1 is
v T
1 2
(a) (b)
3 3
3
18 m/s (c) (d) 3
2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
21. The ratio of acceleration of jet motor (a2) to the rocket
7.29 sec 9.69 sec motor (a1)
t 8 9
(a) (b) 8
16. What was the initial acceleration of Bolt? 9
(a) 4.5 m/s2 (b) 3.1 m/s2 4 9
(c) (d)
(c) 2.5 m/s2 (d) 1.2 m/s2 9 4
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
17. What was the final velocity of Bolt?
MATCH THE COLUMN TYPE QUESTIONS
(a) 10.1 m/s (b) 10.6 m/s
(c) 13.4 m/s (d) 14.6 m/s 22. Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below the lists.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) Column-I Column-II
Comprehension (Q. 18 to 19): When a particle is subjected to
A. Acceleration p. Parabola
a simple harmonic motion, its x-coordinate is given by x = A sin
decreasing with
(ωt) where A and ω are constants. When it is subjected to two time s
simultaneous SHM, its x-coordinate is given by x = A sin ωt + B
o t
cos ωt where B is a constant.
B. Velocity q.
18. Which of the following quantities does not have dimensions increasing with
of velocity? time v
(a) Aω (b) Bω
o
B 2w 2 t
(c) (d) Bωsin(ωt)
A C. Magnitude of r.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) acceleration
19. The maximum x-coordinate when particle is subjected to increasing with v
two simultaneous SHM is time
o t
(a) A + B
(b) A2 + B 2

Motion in a Straight Line 29

 D. Body going s. x Parabola
farther away
from the starting v Straight line Straight line
point with time
o t t1
t
t2 t3 t4 t5 t6
(a) A-(q,s); B-(p,q); C-(s); D-(p,q,r,s)
(b) A-(r,s); B-(r,q); C-(p,q,r,s); D-(s) Parabola Parabola
(c) A-(r,q); B-(q); C-(s,r); D-(p,q,r,s)
(d) A-(r,s); B-(p,r); C-(p,q,r,s); D-(p,q)
Column-I Column-II
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
A. Slowing down p. t1 → t2
23. Column-I shows the position-time graph of particles moving
along a straight line and column-II lists the conclusion that B. Returning towards origin q. t2 → t3
follow from graphs. Match column-I with column-II and C. Moving away from origin r. t3 → t4
choose the correct option given below the columns. D. Speeding up s. t4 → t5
Column-I Column-II t. t5 → t6
x p. Acceleration a > 0
(a) A-(r); B-(p,s,t); C-(q,r); D-(p,s)
q. Acceleration a < 0 (b) A-(r); B-(r,t); C-(q); D-(s)
A B
(c) A-(p,r); B-(s); C-(p,r,q); D-(r,s)
r. Speeding up
C D (d) A-(r); B-(p,s); C-(p,q); D-(q,r,s)
s. Slowing down  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
t
26. A particle is projected vertically upwards with speed 20
(a) A-(q,p); B-(r,p); C-(s,q); D-(r,s) m/s from top of a tower of height 20 m as shown in figure.
(b) A-(q,s); B-(q,r); C-(p,r); D-(p,s) Given B is top most point of trajectory and C is at same
(c) A-(r,q); B-(s,r); C-(q,r); D-(p,r) height as A :
(d) A-(p,s); B-(r,s); C-(p,r); D-(p,q) B

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 20m/s

A
24. The position of a particle along x-axis is given by C
x = (2t3 – 21t2 + 60t)m. Then match the Column-I with
Column-II. 20m
D
Column-I Column-II
A. Velocity of particle is zero p. 2 sec Column-I Column-II

B. Acceleration of particle is zero q. 3 sec A. ratio of maximum height from p. 1

ground (BD) to the initial height
C. Acceleration of particle is r. 3.5 sec 2
from ground (AD) is
negative
B. Ratio of distance travelled in 1st q. 1
D. Velocity of particle is towards the s. 4 sec second to the distance travelled
origin in 2nd second is
t. 5 sec C. Ratio of initial speed at A to r. 2
(a) A-(p,r,t); B-(r); C-(p,q); D-(q,r,s) the final just before reaching to
ground (D) is
(b) A-(p,t,r); B-(r,t); C-(q); D-(s)
(c) A-(p,r); B-(s); C-(p,r,q); D-(r,s) D. Ratio of time taken from A to C s. 3
and time taken from A to B is
(d) A-(p,t); B-(r); C-(p,q); D-(q,r,s)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (a) A-(r); B-(s); C-(q); D-(p)
(b) A-(r); B-(s); C-(p); D-(r)
25. Figure shows a graph of position versus time graph for a
particle moving along x-axis. (c) A-(p); B-(s); C-(p); D-(r)
(d) A-(p); B-(r); C-(p); D-(q)

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

30 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS 32. A particle moves in xy-plane according to the equation
x = 3t, y = 25 – 4t. What is the minimum distance of the
Answer should be rounded off upto two decimal places
particle (in m) from the origin? Both x and y are in m.
27. A particle is thrown upwards from ground. It experiences a
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
constant resistance force which can produce retardation
2 m/s2. The ratio of time of ascent to the time of descent is____. 33. Three persons A, B, C are moving along a straight line, as
[g = 10 m/s2] shown, with constant but different speeds. When B catches
C, the separation between A and C becomes 4d, then the
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
speed of B is u. Find 2u.
28. Two particles A and B start from the same point and move
in the positive x-direction. Their velocity-time relationships A 5 m/s B C 10 m/s
are shown in the following figures. What is the maximum
separation (in m) between them during the time interval d d
shown?  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

Particle-A Particle-B 34. Two cars are moving in same direction with speed of
2 m/s 2 m/s 30 kmh–1. They are separated by a distance of 5 km. What
1 m/s 1 m/s is the speed of a car (in kmh–1) moving in opposite direction
if it meets the two cars at an interval of 4 min?
1s 2s 1s 2s  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 35. The acceleration of a marble in a certain fluid is proportional
29. A train takes 2 minutes to acquire its full speed 60kmph to the speed of the marble squared and is given (in SI units)
from rest and 1 minute to come to rest from the full speed. v2
by a = - for v > 0. If the marble enters this fluid with a
If somewhere in between two stations 1 km of the track 3
speed of 1.50 m/s, how long (in sec.) will it take before the
be under repair and the limited speed on this part be fixed marble’s speed is reduced to half of its initial value?
to 20kmph, find the time (in s) of late running of the train
on account of this repair work, assuming otherwise normal  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
running of the train between the stations.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
30. A man walking from town A to another town B at the rate 36. Suppose that a man jumps off a building 202 m high onto
of 4 km/hour starts one hour before a coach (also travelling cushions having a total thickness of 2 m. If the cushions
from A to B). The coach is travelling at the rate of 12 km/hr are crushed to a thickness of 0.5 m, what is the man's
and on the way he is picked up by the coach. On arriving at acceleration (assumed constant) as he slows down?
B, he finds that his coach journey lasted 2 hours. Find the
distance (in km) between A and B.

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS

31. Figure gives the acceleration a versus time t for a particle
moving along an x-axis. At t = –2.0 s, the particle’s velocity
is 7.0 m/s. What is its velocity (in m /s) at t = 6.0 s?

a(m/s2)

4000
12m/s2 (a) 10 m/s2 (b) m/s2
3
(c) 50 m/s2 (d) 20 m/s2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
t(s)
–2 0 2 4 6 37. The position of a particle which moves along a straight line
is defined by the relation x = t3 – 6t2 – 15t + 40, where x is
expressed in meters and t in seconds. Which of the graph
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) does not represent the motion of the particle?
Motion in a Straight Line 31
 x(m) position-time curve v(m/s) velocity-time curve 30 m/s which he measures by knowing that the telephones
(a) 40 (b) 2
poles the truck is passing are 20m apart in this country.
5 t(s) The bed of truck is 20m below the bridge and bond quickly
0 5
t(s)
calculates how many poles away the truck should be when
–15m/s he jumps down the bridge onto the truck making his get
away. How many poles is it ?
a(m/s2) acceleration-time curve
velocity-time curve (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
(c) 18 (d) 15m/s
5  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
0 2 t(s)
2 5 t(s)
–12m/s2 41. A police party is chasing a dacoit in a jeep which is moving
at a constant speed v while the dacoit is on a motorcycle.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) When he is at a distance x from the jeep, he accelerates from
rest at a constant rate a. Which of the following relations is
38. A trolley is moving away from a stop with an acceleration true if the police is able to catch the dacoit?
a = 0.2 m/s2. After reaching the velocity u = 36 km/h, it
(a) v2 ≤ ax (b) v2 ≤ 2ax
moves with a constant velocity for the time of 2 min. Then,
it uniformly slows down, and stops after further travelling (c) v2 ≥ 2ax (d) v2 ≥ ax
a distance of 100 m. Find the average speed all the way  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
between stops. 42. A car leaves regularly from point A for point B every 10
76 208 minutes. The distance between A and B is 60 km. The cars
(a) m/s (b) m/s travel at a speed of 60 km/hr.
17 21
Find the number of cars that a man driving from B to A will
85 155 meet en route if he starts from B simultaneously with one
(c) m/s (d) m/s
12 19 of the cars leaving A. The car from B travels at a speed of
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 60 km/hr.
(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 20 (d) 21
39. The figure shows the graph of velocity-time for a particle
moving in a straight line. If the average speed for 6 sec is 'b'  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
and the average acceleration from 0 sec to 4 sec is ‘c’ find 43. A car is moving along a straight line. It is taken from rest to
magnitude of bc (in m2/s3). a velocity of 20 ms–1 by a constant acceleration of 5ms–2. It
maintains a constant velocity of 20 ms–1 for 5 seconds and
v(m/s)
then is brought to rest again by a constant acceleration of
10 –2 ms–2. Find the distance covered by the car.
5 (a) 120 m (b) 200 m (c) 240 m (d) 400 m
o 2 4 6 t (sec)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
–5
44. A rock is shot vertically upward from the edge of the top of
–10
a tall building. The rock reaches its maximum height above
(a) 5 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 40 the top of the building 1.75s after being shot. Then, after
barely missing the edge of the building as it falls downward,
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) the rock strikes the ground 6.0s after it is launched. How tall
40. James bond is standing on a bridge above the road below is the building?
and his pursuers are getting too close for comfort. He spots (a) 30 m (b) 75 m (c) 105 m (d) 150 m
a flat bed truck loaded with mattresses approaching at
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

“Gratitude can transform common

days into thanksgivings, turn routine
jobs into joy, and change ordinary
opportunities into blessings.”
– William Arthur Ward

32 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 PYQ's (Past Year Questions)

POSITION, DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT 3t. The average speed of the train for this duration of journey will
be (in km/h):  [6 April, 2024 (Shift-I)]
1. A cyclist starts from the point P of a circular ground of radius 2 km (a) 80 (b) 70 (c) 30 (d) 40
and travels along its circumference to the point S. The displacement
of cyclist is: [04 April, 2024 (Shift-II)]  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
6. A particle moves in a straight line so that its displacement x at any
time t is given by x2 = 1 + t2. Its acceleration at any time t is x–n
where n = _____. [6 April, 2024 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
7. A particle moving in a straight line covers half the distance with
speed 6 m/s. The other half is covered in two equal time intervals
with speeds 9 m/s and 15 m/s respectively. The average speed of
the particle during the motion is: [09 April, 2024 (Shift-I)]
(a) 8.8 m/s (b) 10 m/s (c) 9.2 m/s (d) 8 m/s
(a) 6 km (b) √ 8 km (c) 4 km (d) 8 km  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 8. A horse rider covers half the distance with 5 m/s speed.
2. A particle starts from the origin at time t = 0 and moves along The remaining part of the distance was travelled with speed
10 m/s for half the time and with speed 15 m/s for other half
the positive x-axis. The graph of velocity with respect to
of the time. The mean speed of the rider averaged over the
time is shown in figure. What is the position of the particle
whole time of motion is x/7 m/s. The value of x is ––––––– .
at time t = 5s?  [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]  [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
v
(m/s)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
3 9. A car travels a distance of ‘x’ with speed v1 and then same
distance ‘x’ with speed v2 in the same direction. The average
2
speed of the car is: [25 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
1
v1v2 v +v
(a) (b) 1 2
2 (v1 + v2 )
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 t(s) 2
2x 2v1v2
(a) 10 m (b) 6 m (c) 3 m (d) 9 m (c) (d)
v1 + v2 v1 + v2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
10. A car covers AB distance with first one-third at velocity
SPEED AND VELOCITY
v1 ms–1, second one-third at v2 ms–1 and last one-third at
3. A particle is moving in a straight line. The variation of position ‘x’ v3 ms–1. If v3 = 3v1, v2 = 2v1 and v1 = 11 ms–1 then the
as a function of time ‘t’ is given as x = (t3 – 6t2 + 20t + 15) m. The average velocity of the car is ________ms–1.
velocity of the body when its acceleration becomes zero is:  [28 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
(a) 4 m/s (b) 8 m/s (c) 10 m/s (d) 6 m/s
 [29 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) v1 v2 v3
4. A particle is moving in one dimension (along x axis) under the A B
action of a variable force. It's initial position was 16 m right of  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
origin. The variation of its position (x) with time (t) is given as
x = –3t3 + 18t2 + 16t, where x is in m and t is in s. The velocity of
the particle when its acceleration becomes zero is _________ m/s. 11. A car is moving with speed of 150 km/h and after applying
the break it will move 27m before it stops. If the same car
 [1 Feb, 2024 (Shift-I)]
is moving with a speed of one third the reported speed then
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
it will stop after travelling __________ m distance.
5. A train starting from rest first accelerates uniformly up to a speed  [25 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
of 80 km/h for time t, then it moves with a constant speed for time
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

Motion in a Straight Line 33

 12. The velocity of a particle is v = v0 + gt + Ft2. Its position 20. A body projected vertically upwards with a certain speed
is x = 0 at t = 0; then its displacement after time (t = 1) is: from the top of a tower reaches the ground in t1. If it is
 [17 March, 2021 (Shift-II)] projected vertically downwards from the same point with
g F the same speed, it reaches the ground in t2. Time required to
(a) v0 + g + f (b) v0 + + reach the ground, if it is dropped from the top of the tower,
2 3
is: [06 April, 2024 (Shift-II)]
g
(c) v0 + 2g + 3F (d) v0 + + F
2 t1
(a) t1t2 (b) t1 - t2 (c) (d) t1 + t2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) t2
13. The position of a particle as a function of time t, is given by  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
x(t) = at + bt2 – ct3 where a, b and c are constants. When 21. Two cars are travelling towards each other at speed of 20 ms–1
the particle attains zero acceleration, then its velocity will each. When the cars are 300 m apart, both the drivers apply brakes
be: [9 April, 2019 (Shift-II)] and the cars retard at the rate of 2 ms–2. The distance between
them when they come to rest is: [09 April, 2024 (Shift-II)]
b2 b2 (a) 200 m (b) 50 m (c) 100 m (d) 25 m
(a) a + (b) a +
4c c  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
22. For a train engine moving with speed of 20 ms –1. the
b2 b2
(c) a + (d) a + driver must apply brakes at a distance of 500m before the
2c 3c station for the train to come to rest at the station. If the
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) brakes were applied at half of this distance, the train engine
would cross the station with speed xms -1 . The value of x
CONSTANT ACCELERATION is ________.
14. A bullet is fired into a fixed target loses one third of its velocity (Assuming same retardation is produced by brakes) 
after travelling 4 cm. It penetrates further D × 10–3 m before  [1 Feb, 2023 (Shift-II)]
coming to rest. The value of D is: [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 4 23. A particle starts with an initial velocity of 10.0ms –1
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) along x-direction and accelerates uniformly at the rate of
15. A body falling under gravity covers two points A and B separated 2.0 ms–2. The time taken by the particle to reach the velocity
by 80 m in 2s. The distance of upper point A from the starting of 60.0 ms–1 is [6 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]
point is _____ m (use g = 10 ms–2)  [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)] (a) 6s (b) 3s (c) 30s (d) 25s
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
16. A particle initially at rest starts moving from reference point. 24. A particle is moving in a straight line such that its velocity
x = 0 along x-axis, with velocity v that varies as v = 4 x m/s. is increasing at 5 ms–1 per meter. The acceleration of the
The acceleration of the particle is _____ ms–2. particle is ________ms–2 at a point where its velocity is
20 ms–1. [25 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
 [1 Feb, 2024 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
25. An engine of a train, moving with uniform acceleration,
17. A body travels 102.5 m in nth second and 115.0 m in (n + 2)th passes the signal - post with velocity u and the last
second. The acceleration is: [04 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] compartment with velocity v. The velocity with which
(a) 9 m/s2 (b) 6.25 m/s2 (c) 12.5 m/s2 (d) 5 m/s2 middle point of the train passes the signal post is:
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)  [25 Feb, 2021 (Shift-I)]
18. A bus moving along a straight highway with speed of 72 km/h is u+v v2 + u 2
brought to halt within 4s after applying the brakes. The distance (a) (b)
2 2
travelled by the bus during this time (Assume the retardation is
uniform) is _______m. [04 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] v–u v2 – u 2
(c) (d)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 2 2
19. A body moves on a frictionless plane starting from rest. If  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
Sn is distance moved between t = n – 1 and t = n and Sn – 1 26. In a car race on straight road, car A takes a time ‘t’ less than
is distance moved between t = n –2 and t = n – 1, then the car B at the finish and passes finishing point with a speed
Sn -1 æ 2ö ‘V’ more than that of car B. Both the cars start from rest
ratio is ç1 - ÷ for n = 10. The value of x is ............ and travel with constant acceleration a1 and a2 respectively.
Sn è xø
 [05 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] Then ‘v’ is equal to [9 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 2a1a1
(a) t (b) 2a1a2 t
a1 + a2
34 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
 a1 + a 2
(c) a1a2 t (d) t
2 h2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
h1
MOTION UNDER GRAVITY 45º 60º

27. A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity A d B 2.464d C

x +1 (a) d (b) 0.732 d

of 150 m/s. The ratio of velocity after 3s and 5s is .
x (c) 1.464 d (d) 0.464 d
The value of x is ________ . [12 April, 2023 (Shift-1)]
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
Take (g = 10 m/s2).
(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) –5 (d) 10 33. A helicopter rises from rest on the ground vertically upwards
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) with a constant acceleration g. A food packet is dropped from
the helicopter when it is at a height h. The time taken by the
28. A tennis ball is dropped on to the floor from a height of
9.8m. It rebounds to a height 5.0 m. Ball comes in contact packet to reach the ground is close to [g is the acceleration
with the floor for 0.2 s. The average acceleration during due to gravity] [5 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]
contact is _________ ms–2 [Given g = 10 ms–2]
 [29 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)] æhö h
(a) t = 3.4 ç ÷ (b) t = 1.8
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) ègø g

29. Two balls A and B placed at the top of 180m tall tower. 2h 2 æhö
Ball A is dropped from the top at t = 0s. Ball B is thrown (c) t = (d) t = ç ÷
3g 3 ègø
vertically down with an initial velocity ‘u’ at t = 2s. After a
certain time, both balls meet 100m above the ground. Find  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
the value of ‘u’ in ms–1. [29 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
34. A tennis ball is released from a height h and after freely
[use g = 10 ms–2]:
falling on a wooden floor it rebounds and reaches height h/2.
(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 30
The velocity versus height of the ball during its motion
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) may be represented graphically by (graph are drawn
30. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of schematically and on not to scale).[4 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]
19.6 ms-1 from the top of a tower. The ball strikes the ground v v
after 6 s. The height from the ground up to which the ball
ækö
can rise will be ç ÷ m . The value of k is _______
è5ø h h
2
(a) h (b) h
(use g = 9.8 m/s ) [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)] h/2 h/2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
31. Two spherical balls having equal masses with radius of v v
5 cm each are thrown upwards along the same vertical
direction at an interval of 3s with the same initial velocity of
35 m/s, then these balls collide at a height of _________ m. h/2 h/2
(Take g = 10 m/s2) [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] (c) h (d) h
h h
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
32. A balloon is moving up in air vertically above a point A on
the ground. When it is at a height h1, a girl standing at a  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
distance d (point B) from A (see figure) sees it at an angle
35. A ball is dropped from the top of a 100 m high tower on a
45° with respect to the vertical. When the balloon climbs up
planet. In the last 1/2 s before hitting the ground, it covers
a further height h2, it is seen at an angle 60° with respect to
a distance of 19 m. Acceleration due to gravity (in ms–2)
the vertical if the girl moves further by a distance 2.464 d
near the surface on that planet is _________.
(point C). Then the height h2 is (given tan 30° = 0.5774)
 [5 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]  [8 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)]

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

Motion in a Straight Line 35

GRAPHS (a) A- II, B-IV, C-III, D-I (b) A- I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
(c) A- II, B-III, C-IV, D-I (d) A- I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
36. The velocity time graph of a body moving in a straight line
is shown in figure.
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
v(ms ) 8
–1

6 38. The velocity- displacement graph describing the motion of a

4 bicycle is shown in the figure. The acceleration-displacement
2 graph of the bicycle’s motion is best described by:
0
2 4 6 8 10  [16 March, 2021 (Shift-I)]
–2
–4 V(ms–1)
–6
50
time(s)
The ratio of displacement to distance travelled by the body
in time 0 to 10 s is [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 4
10
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 3 X(m)
0
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 200 400
37. Match Column-I with Column-II: a(ms–2) a(ms–2)
Column-I Column-II 8 18
(x-t graphs) (v-t graphs)
(a) (b)
A. I. 2 2
xX v X(m) X(m)
0 0 200 400
200 400

a(ms–2) a(ms–2)

t t 18 18

(c) (d)
B. II.
x X0 v 2 2
X(m) X(m)
0 200 400 0 200 400
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
t t 39. The position, velocity and acceleration of a particle moving
with a constant acceleration can be represented by
C. III.  [18 March, 2021 (Shift-I)]
x v
acceleration

x(t) v(t) a(t)

velocity
position

t (a)

t t t t
–v
acceleration

x(t) v(t) a(t)

position

velocity

D. IV. (b)
x v t
t t t
acceleration

x(t) v(t) a(t)

velocity
position

t –v v0 (c)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: t t t

 [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]

36 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 acceleration
v(t)

position
a(t)

velocity
x(t)
(d) (A) a (B) v

t t t
O O
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) t t
40. A particle is moving with constant acceleration 'a'.
Following graph shows v2 versus x (displacement) plot.
The acceleration of the particle is _____m/s2. (C) x (D) x
 [31 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]
O t O t
80 C (a) (A), (B), (C) (b) (A)
60
V2 (m/s)2

B (c) (C) (d) (B), (C)

40 A
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
20

30 0 10 20
VARIABLE ACCELERATION
x (m)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) 43. The relation between time t and distance x for a moving body
41. The speed versus time graph for a particle is shown in the is given as t = mx2 + nx, where m and n are constants. The
figure. The distance travelled (in m) by the particle during retardation of the motion is: (Where v stands for velocity)
the time interval t = 0 to t = 5 s will be ___________.  [25 July, 2021 (Shift-II)]
 [3 Sep, 2020 (Shift-II)] (a) 2n2v2 (b) 2mnv3 (c) 2mv3 (d) 2nv3
10  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
8 A 44. The distance x covered by a particle in one dimensional
6 motion varies with time t as x 2 = at 2 + bt + c. If the
u (ms)
4 acceleration of the particle depends on x as x–n, where n is
 2 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) an integer, the value of n is __________.
B  [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
0
1 2 3 4 5
time (s)  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

ONE DIMENSIONAL RELATIVE MOTION

42. A particle starts from origin O from rest and moves with a
uniform acceleration along the positive x-axis. Identify the 45. Train A is moving along two parallel rail tracks towards north with
speed 72 km/h and train B is moving towards south with speed 108
figure that is not correctly representing the motion qualitatively.
km/h. Velocity of train B with respect to A and velocity of ground
(a = acceleration, v = velocity, x = displacement, t = time) with respect to B are (in ms–1): [1 Feb, 2024 (Shift-II)]
 [8 April, 2019 (Shift-II)] (a) –30 and 50 (b) –50 and –30
(c) –50 and 30 (d) 50 and –30

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

Motion in a Straight Line 37

 PW Challengers

SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS

8
1. A man left his dog sitting on a large slippery ground and

Vavg(m/s)
6
walks away with a velocity of 2m/s. When he is 207 m away
4
from the dog, the dog decides to catch him and thereafter
they move together. The dog can not develop acceleration 2
more that 2m/s2 in any direction due to slippery ground. If 1 2 3 4
t(s)
the maximum velocity with which dog can move is 18 m/s
then the minimum time in which dog will meet the man is V(m/s) V(m/s)
(a) 20 sec (b) 21 sec (c) 22 sec (d) 24 sec
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (a) 6 (b) 12
2. Two motorcyclists simultaneously start a race with
constant speeds from point A to traverse on a circular track, t(s) t(s)
1 3
one clockwise and other in anticlockwise sense. They 3
simultaneously cross point B first time after a time interval V(m/s) V(m/s)
of 10 minutes. If they continue to move, how long after they
cross at B first time will they again cross at point B. (c) 12 (d) 12
A

6 6
t(s) 1 3 4 t(s)
1 3 4

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

20°

B
5. When a deer was 48 m from a leopard, the leopard starts chasing
(a) 10 min (b) 95 min (c) 90 min (d) 85 min the deer and the deer immediately starts running away from the
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) leopard with constant velocity. A leopard cannot run at high
3. Two cars A and B are running on a highway with same speeds for a long time and has to slow down due to fatigue.
velocity of 30 m/s. On application of brakes car A retards at If we assume that the leopard starts with an initial speed of
a rate of 3 m/s2 while car B retards at a rate of 4 m/s2. Car A 30 m/s and reduces its speed in equal steps of 5 m/s after every
is running ahead of car B. In an emergency when driver of 2 s interval, at what minimum speed must the deer run to escape
front car A applies brakes, in response the driver of near car from the leopard?
B has to apply brakes to avoid accident. The response time (a) 15 ms–1 (b) 16 ms–1 (c) 17 ms–1 (d) 18 ms–1
of driver of car B is 1 sec. The minimum distance between  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
them to avoid accident is 6. At the initial instant, two particles are observed at different
30 m/s 30 m/s locations moving towards each other with velocities u1 and
u2. If they are subjected to constant accelerations a1, and
B A a2 in directions opposite to their initial velocities, they will
meet twice. If time interval between these two meetings is
Dt, find suitable expression for their initial separation.
(a) 7.5 m (b) 6 m (c) 8.5 m (d) 10 m (u1 + u2 )2 a1 + a2
(a) + (Dt )2
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) a1 + a2 8
4. The relation between average velocity vav of a particle and
(u1 + u2 )2 a1 + a2
time t is shown in the graph. If during the time interval (b) + (Dt )2
considered, the particle did not change its direction of 2 (a1 + a2 ) 8
motion, then plot instantaneous velocity as a function of
time? (u1 + u2 )2 a1 + a2
(c) - (Dt )2
2 (a1 + a2 ) 8

u12 + u22 a +a 2
(d) - 1 2 (Dt )
2 (a1 + a2 ) 8

38 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW

 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) buoy is dropped and water flow velocity in the river is
1.5 m/s, find distance between the places where the faster
7. A particle covers distance of d with uniform acceleration boat passes by the buoy.
between point A & B. If its average velocity is vavg, what (a) 75 m (b) 300 m (c) 150 m (d) 350 m
could be range of magnitude of its instantaneous velocity v'  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
d
at from point A. 11. Two buses travel from one town to the other with constant
2 speed v1 everywhere on the road except on a narrow bridge
d
where they travel with constant speed v2. The way separation
P S between the buses varies with time is shown in the graph
A B below. Find the length of the bridge.
d/2
d/3 d/2
S(m)
vavg 750
(a) vavg £ v ' £ 3 vavg (b) £ v ' £ 3vavg
3
250
vavg
(c) vavg £ v ' £ 2 vavg (d) £ v ' £ 2 vavg
2 10 35 60 65 t(s)
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) (a) 250 m (b) 300 m (c) 500 m (d) 600 m
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
8. Mr. Gupta used to walk to his office everyday and it took 12. At t = 0, a balloon start rising from the ground with a constant
him 30 minutes. Once on his way he realized that he has acceleration of 5 m/s2. Two stones are dropped from the
forgotten to take his mobile phone. He knew that if he balloon at t1 = 10 s and t2 = 11 s. The distance between the
continued walking he will reach office 10 minutes before stones at t = 13 s is (g = 10 m/s2)
his office time. He went back home for the mobile phone, (a) 18.5 m (b) 27.5 m (c) 37.5 m (d) 47.5 m
increased his speed by 20% and arrived the office 5 minutes
late. What fraction of the way to office had he covered till  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
the moment he decided to turn back? 13. A boy is standing on the platform at the beginning of the
7 6 5 4 first coach of a train. The train starts moving with constant
(a) (b) (c) (d) acceleration. The first coach passes by the boy in t1 = 10 s
11 11 11 11
and whole train including the first coach in t2 = 40 s. The
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) time interval in which last coach did pass by the boy is
9. To study effect of air resistance, a rubber ball was shot (a) 1.93 s (b) 2.08 s (c) 1.73 s (d) 1.27 s
vertically upwards from a spring gun from 20th floor of a
tall building. Velocity of the ball was recorded at regular  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
intervals of time and the data obtained were plotted on a 14. On a straight section of a highway, sensors are installed
graph paper. Some of the marking on the axes are erased as to measure traffic density. For each lane of the highway,
shown in the following figure. With what speed did the ball a sensor runs on an overhead wire. On a particular day, a
strike the ground? sensor running with a speed u = 10 km/h opposite to the flow
v(m/s) of traffic underneath, counts N = 320 vehicles in a length
L = 1 km of the highway. If all the vehicles are moving
with the same constant speed 30 km/h and density of the
vehicles is uniform, calculate number of vehicles per
l = 100 m of the lane.
0
1 2 t(s) (a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)

(a) 5 ms–1 (b) 10 ms–1 (c) 50 ms–1 (d) 25 ms–1 15. An elastic straight strip with initial length L has one end tied
to a wall. At t = 0, the other end is pulled away from the wall
 (Prayas JEE Physics M-1) at speed v0 (assume that the strip stretches uniformly). At
the same time, an ant located at the end not attached to the
10. Two motorboats that can move with velocities 4.0 m/s and wall begins to crawl toward the wall, with relative velocity
6.0 m/s relative to water are going up-stream in a river. k
When the faster boat overtakes the slower boat, a buoy is u= , relative to the point of strip where it is present.
dropped from the slower boat. After lapse of a time interval, L + v0 t
both the boats turn back simultaneously and move at the Find the time (in sec.) ant will take to reach the wall.
same speeds relative to the water as before. Their engines Use : L = 2 m, k = 3 m2s–1 and v0 = 0.5 m/s

are switched off when they reach the buoy again. If the
maximum separation between the boats is 200 m after the  (Prayas JEE Physics M-1)
Motion in a Straight Line 39
40 JEE Prayas Module-1 PHYSICS PW
 ANSWER KEY

CONCEPT APPLICATION

1. (24 km/hr, 24 km/hr) 2. 10 km/h,

10
3
( )
2 + 1 km/hr 3. (a) 2 m/sec2, (b) 75 m 4. (a) 1, (b) 125 m

5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (b)

PRARAMBH (TOPICWISE)
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (d)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (d) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (d) 40. (d)

PRABAL (JEE MAIN LEVEL)

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. [1125] 20. [225]
21. [72] 22. [24] 23. [80] 24. [7] 25. [750]

PARIKSHIT (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL)

1. (b,c,d) 2. (a,b,c,d) 3. (a,c,d) 4. (a,b,c,d) 5. (a,d) 6. (a,b,c) 7. (c) 8. (b,c,d) 9. (a,c) 10. (a,b,c,d)
11. (c,d) 12. (a,b,d) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. [0.82] 28. [1.25] 29. [160.00] 30. [30.00]
31. [55] 32. [15] 33. [25] 34. [45] 35. [2] 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (d) 39. (c) 40. (a)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (c) 44. (b)

PYQ's (PAST YEAR QUESTIONS)

1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. [52] 5. (b) 6. [3] 7. (d) 8. [50] 9. (d) 10. [18]
11. [3] 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (Bonus) 15. [45] 16. [8] 17. (b) 18. [40] 19. [19] 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. [200] 23. (d) 24. [100] 25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. [120] 29. (d) 30. [392]
31. [50] 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. [8] 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. [1]
41. [20] 42. (c) 43. (c) 44. [3] 45. (c)

PW CHALLENGERS
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (b)

11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. [2]

Motion in a Straight Line 41