Chapter 11 Force and Pressure Notes
Chapter 11 Force and Pressure Notes
Force= 400N
Area=4 x 2 m2
= 8m2
400 N
Pressure= 2
8m
= 50N/m2
12. Give reasons:
i) A camel can walk easily on sand.
A camel has broad and padded feet which increase the area of contact with sand. This reduces
the pressure exerted and prevents it from sinking.
ii) Porters place a round piece of cloth on their heads when they carry heavy loads.
Ans: By doing this the porters increase the area of contact of the load on their head. So pressure on their
head is reduced and they find it easier to carry the load.
13. Write down the properties of liquid pressure.
Ans: i) Liquid exerts pressure in all directions.
ii) They exert equal pressure at the same depth.
iii) Liquid pressure increases with depth.
14. On what factors does liquid pressure depend?
Ans: It depends on the height of column and density.
15. What is atmospheric pressure?
Ans: The pressure exerted by the atmosphere is known as atmospheric pressure.
16. Why is it difficult to pull out a rubber suction cup once it is pressed to a surface?
Ans: When you press the sucker, most of the air between its cup and the surface escapes out. The
sucker sticks to the surface because the pressure of atmosphere acts on it. To pull the sucker off the
surface, the applied force should be large enough to overcome the atmospheric pressure.
ASSIGNMENT
1. Calculate the pressure exerted by a force of 700N on an area of 9m2.
2. Calculate area of contact, if the force exerted on an object is 120N and the pressure on it is 40 Pa.
3. Give reasons:
i. Tools are meant for cutting and piercing have sharp edges.
ii. It is more comfortable to carry school bags with wide strap than thin strap.
4. How is it possible to suck up a lemon soda through a straw?
5. Why does a fountain pen start leak at higher altitudes?
WORKSHEET-1
IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF FORCE
1 An apple falls from a tree branch
WORKSHEET - 2
5. The pressure produced by 20N force on a floor measuring 1m wide and 4m long is
A. 5Pa B. 80Pa C. 24Pa D. 10Pa
Ans: It is easier to hammer the nail as nail is having pointed end. Because when area is less
pressure applied will be more.
2. Why do Magdeburg hemispheres stick together?
Ans: This is due to the fact that since there is no air inside or a vacuum is created, the
atmospheric pressure acting over the whole surface of the hemispheres from outside presses
them very hard and does not allow them to be separate.
3. Two persons are applying forces to the two opposite sides of a moving cart. The cart still
moves with the same speed and in the same direction.What do you understand about the
magnitude and direction of the forces applied?
The forces applied is equal in magnitude in the opposite directions. Hence the cart moves in
same speed and direction.
A
B
C
What do the following activities prove
Ans: [A-Liquid exerts pressure on the walls of the container. B- Pressure exerted by the water
at the bottom of the container depends upon the height of the water column. C- Liquid exerts
equal pressure at the same depth.]
IV. CASR STUDY
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
In our daily life, we perform or observe activities such as opening or shutting a door, lifting or
pushing a weight, squeezing a bottle of ketchup, cutting vegetables, and making different
shapes with clay. All these activities require us to apply some kind of push or pull. A push or
pull is also used to hit the striker in a game of carom, kick a football, catch a ball, etc., A push
or pull that tends to affect an object in some way is called a force and a force arises only when
two objects interact. Force has magnitude as well as direction. Force can make a stationary
object move, change the shape, increase or decrease the speed of the object, change the
direction or even bring a moving object to rest.
a. What is force?
[The effort needed to change the state of motion or change the shape of the body is known as
force.]
b. How does an applied force changes the speed of an object? (If the applied force is in the
direction of motion, the speed of the object increases. But if the force is applied in the direction
opposite to the motion, then it decreases the speed of the object.)
c. In the following situations. State the effect of the force in each case.
(i) Squeezing a piece of lemon between the fingers to extract its juice. (Change in shape).
(ii) Catching a ball (Change in state of motion).
(iii) A load suspended from a spring while its other end is on a hook fixed to a wall. (Change in
shape).
(iv) An athlete making a high jump to clear the bar at a certain height. (Change in state of
motion).
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