International GCSE

Islamiat
(9237) Specification

For teaching from September 2024 onwards

For exams May/June 2026 onwards
For teaching and examination outside
the United Kingdom
Use of salutations for Hazrat Muhammad (‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫)َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

OxfordAQA uses the following salutation for Hazrat Muhammad (‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ )َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬in the textbook and in this
specification.

OxfordAQA uses the Arabic unicode salutation for Hazrat Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in the assessment.
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Contents
1 Introduction 5
1.1 Why choose OxfordAQA International GCSEs? 5

1.2 Why choose our International GCSE Islamiat? 5

1.3 Recognition 5

1.4 The Oxford International Programme learner attributes 6

1.5 Support and resources to help you teach 7

2 Specification at a glance 8
2.1 Subject content 8

2.2 Assessments 9

3 Subject content 10
3.1 Living the Muslim life 10

3.2 The life of Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬and sources of authority in Islam 12

4. Scheme of assessment 15
4.1 Aims and learning outcomes 15

4.2 Assessment Objectives 15

4.3 Assessment weightings 16

5 General administration 17
5.1 Entries and codes 17

5.2 Overlaps with other qualifications 17

5.3 Awarding grades and reporting results 17

5.4 Resits 17

5.5 Previous learning and prerequisites 17

5.6 Access to assessment: equality and inclusion 18

5.7 Working with OxfordAQA for the first time 18

5.8 Private candidates 18

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 3
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

6 Appendix: Prescribed passages from the Qur’an and Hadith for study 19
6.1 Passages for study for Islam: Beliefs and teachings 19

6.2 Passages for Study for Islam: Practices 23

6.3 Passages for study for Life and teachings of Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬ 27

6.4 Passages for study for Sources of authority in Islam 31

• Are you using the latest version of this specification?

• You will always find the most up-to-date version of this specification on our website at
oxfordaqa.com/9237

• We will write to you if there are significant changes to the specification.

4 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

1 Introduction
1.1 Why choose OxfordAQA International GCSEs?
Our international qualifications enable schools that follow a British curriculum to benefit from the best education expertise in
the United Kingdom (UK).

Our International GCSEs offer the same rigour and high quality as GCSEs in the UK and are relevant and appealing to students
worldwide. They reflect a deep understanding of the needs of teachers and schools around the globe and are brought to you
by Oxford University Press and AQA, the UK’s leading awarding body.

Providing valid and reliable assessments, these qualifications are based on over 100 years of experience, academic research
and international best practice. They reflect the latest changes to the British system, enabling students to progress to higher
education with up-to-date qualifications.

You can find out about OxfordAQA at oxfordaqa.com

1.2 Why choose our International GCSE Islamiat?

We have worked closely with teachers to develop a relevant, engaging and up-to-date Islamiat specification to inspire,
motivate and challenge all students regardless of their academic ability.

Particular care has been taken to make the language used in question papers as accessible as possible and suitable for
those students for whom English is not their first language. UK English spellings will be used in examination papers. British
idiosyncratic terms however, will be avoided to aid students’ understanding.

Our specification contains a broad and engaging range of topics covering historical and modern aspects of Islam and its lived
experience today. It is structured clearly and deliberately to encourage a deeper understanding of key theological beliefs,
practices, the life of Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬and his Sunnah, and the importance of different
sources of authority in Islam.

The assessments are designed to differentiate across the ability range, with clear and straightforward questions that balance
considerations of accessibility and challenge, allowing students to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding.

You can find out about all our International GCSE Islamiat qualifications at oxfordaqa.com/9237

1.3 Recognition
OxfordAQA meet the needs of international students. They are an international alternative and comparable in standard to the
Ofqual regulated qualifications offered in the UK. Our qualifications have been independently benchmarked by UK ENIC, the
UK national agency for providing expert opinion on qualifications worldwide. They have confirmed they can be considered
‘comparable to the overall GCE A-level and GCSE standard offered in the UK’.

To read their report and see the latest list of universities who have stated they accept these international qualifications,
visit oxfordaqa.com/recognition

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 5
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

1.4 The Oxford International Programme learner attributes

In order to equip students with the skills they need for success both now and in the future, we have worked with Oxford
University Press to create the Oxford International Programme. This combines the Oxford International Curriculum with
OxfordAQA qualifications, creating an integrated offer for international schools, from Early Years to A-level.

At its core we have introduced the Oxford International Programme learner attributes – the skills and competencies that enable
our students to thrive academically, socially and personally.

The learner attributes, alongside our focus on demonstrating higher order critical thinking skills, ensure that students are
equipped to get the grades that will take them places, and build the skills they need to be successful when they get there.

6 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

1.5 Support and resources to help you teach

We know that support and resources are vital for your teaching and that you have limited time to find or develop good quality
materials.

That’s why we’ve worked with experienced teachers to provide resources that will help you confidently plan, teach and
prepare for exams.

Teaching resources
You will have access to:

• sample schemes of work to help you plan your course with confidence

• training and support to help you deliver our qualifications

• student textbooks that have been checked and approved by us

• command words with exemplars

• GCSE Islamiat vocabulary with definitions.

Preparing for exams

You will have access to the support you need to prepare for our exams, including:

• specimen papers and mark schemes

• exemplar student answers with examiner commentaries.

Analyse your students’ results with Enhanced Results Analysis (ERA)

After the first examination series, you can use this tool to see which questions were the most challenging, how the results
compare to previous years and where your students need to improve. ERA, our free online results analysis tool, will help you
see where to focus your teaching.

Information about results, including maintaining standards over time, grade boundaries and our post-results services, will be
available on our website in preparation for the first examination series.

Help and support

Visit our website for information, guidance, support and resources at oxfordaqa.com/9237

You can contact the subject team directly at info@oxfordaqa.com or call us on +44 (0)161 696 5995
(option 1 and then 1 again).

Please note: We aim to respond to all email enquiries within two working days.

Our UK office hours are Monday to Friday, 8am – 5pm.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 7
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

2 Specification at a glance
The title of the qualification is:

• OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat.

This qualification is linear. Linear means that students will sit all their exams at the end of the course.

The guided learning hours (GLH) for this qualification are 120–140. This figure is for guidance only and may vary according to
local practice and the learner’s prior experience of the subject.

2.1 Subject content

Paper 1: Living the Muslim life
• Islam: Beliefs and teachings (page 10)

• Islam: Practices (page 11)

Paper 2: The life of Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ََخاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
and sources of authority in Islam
• َ ‫اللہ َعلَ ْی ِہ َو َعلٰٓی اٰلِ ٖہ َوا َْص َحاب ِٖہ َو َس‬
Life and teachings of Hazrat Muhammad ‫لَّم‬ ِ ‫( خَات َ ُم‬page 12)
ُ ‫النَّب ٖی َّن َصلَّی‬

• Sources of authority in Islam (page 14)

For both papers, students must study the related passages from the Qur’an and Hadith. These are provided in Section 6 of the
specification.

8 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

2.2 Assessments
Paper 1: Living the Muslim Life + Paper 2: The life of Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن‬
ُ ‫ََصَّلَی‬
What’s assessed and sources of the authority in Islam
What’s assessed
This paper has 2 sections:
This paper has 2 sections:
Section A: Islam: Beliefs and teachings
Section A: Life and teachings of Hazrat Muhammad
Section B: Islam: Practices
‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن‬
ُ ‫ََصَّلَی‬
Students must study the related passages from the Qur’an
Section B: Sources of authority in Islam
and Hadith. These are provided in Section 6 of the
specification. Students must study the related passages from the Qur’an
and Hadith. These are provided in Section 6 of the
How it’s assessed
specification.
• Written exam – 1 hour 30 minutes
How it’s assessed
• 50 marks
• Written exam – 1 hour 30 minutes
• 50% of the GCSE
• 50 marks
Questions
• 50% of the GCSE
Each section contains 25 marks.
Questions
Sections A and B have a common structure of short long
Each section contains 25 marks.
answer questions and an extended response question
worth 12 marks. Sections A and B have a common structure of short
and long answer questions and an extended response
The 12 mark question will be related to a given passage
question worth 12 marks.
from the Qur’an or Hadith (see Section 6).
The 12 mark question will be related to a given passage
from the Qur’an or Hadith (see Section 6).

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 9
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

3 Subject content
3.1 Living the Muslim life
Students should study the beliefs, teachings, influences, and practices of Islam and their basis in Islamic sources of wisdom and
authority. They should be able to refer to scripture and other writings where appropriate.

Prescribed passages from the Qur’an and Hadith that link to the specification content are set out in Section 6 of the
specification (see pages 19-33). The extended response questions will require students to use a given prescribed passage.

3.1.1 Islam: Beliefs and teachings

Specification Content What do students need to study
3.1.1.1 The oneness of God (Tawhid) The different types of Tawhid and Shirk, and their meaning and importance.
3.1.1.2 Key beliefs The meaning and importance of the key beliefs for Muslims, including
Tawhid, Malaikah, Kutub, Risalah, Yaum e Akhirah, Al-Qadr and all good
and bad is from Allah.
3.1.1.3 Concept of belief in Allah The meaning and importance of the 99 names of Allah, including
omnipotence (Qudrah), Allah as creator (Al-Khaliq), Allah as most gracious
(Ar-Rehman), Allah as merciful (Ar-Raheem) and Allah as all-knowing
(Al-Aleem).

3.1.1.4 Belief in Angels The qualities, importance and role of angels, including Jibril (AS), Mika’il
(AS), Isra’fil (AS), Malak-al-Mowth (angel of death) (AS) and Kiraman
Katibeen (AS).

The Hadith of Jibril, including its key teachings.

3.1.1.5 Belief in Predestination (Al-Qadr) The meaning, importance and influence of beliefs about predestination for
Muslims.
3.1.1.6 Belief in life after death Muslim beliefs about death, Barzakh, resurrection, the Day of Judgement,
Heaven and Hell.

Different Muslim death rituals and their importance.

3.1.1.7 Prophethood (Nabuat) and Holy The life, role, and importance of Prophets Adam (AS), Ibraheem (AS), Musa
Books in Islam (AS) and Isa (AS).

The nature of holy books in Islam with reference to Tawrat, Zabur, Injil, and
the Suhuf (scrolls) of Hazrat Ibraheem (AS).

The belief in Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬as the
Seal of Prophethood.
3.1.1.8 The early leadership of the Muslim The leadership of Islam after Hazrat Muhammad’s
community ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬death, and the role and importance of the
four rightly guided Caliphs.

Students should also study the prescribed passages linked to each part of the specification content for section 3.1.1.
These are set out in Section 6 of the specification (see page 19).

10 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

3.1.2 Islam: Practices

Content What do students need to study
3.1.2.1 The key practices in Islam The role and importance of the Five Pillars.

The meaning and importance Amr bil maroof (commanding good) and
Nahi annil munkar (forbidding evil).
3.1.2.2 Shahadah The meaning, importance, and use of the Shahadah in a Muslim's life.

3.1.2.3 Salah The meaning and importance of Salah: how and why Muslims pray,
including the conditions of Salah, times, directions, ablution (Wudu),
Azaan, recitation, and concessions for those that are travelling or for the ill.

Salah at home and at the mosque, and the role of Salah in a Muslim’s life.

Friday prayers (Jummah) and their importance.

3.1.2.4 Sawm The meaning and importance of fasting during the month of Ramadhan.

The rulings around fasting including the exemptions to fasting and the acts
that invalidate a fast.

The spiritual, moral, and social benefits of fasting.

The significance of the Taraweeh prayer (night prayer) and Itikaaf.

The meaning and importance of Laylat ul-Qadr (Night of Power).

3.1.2.5 Zakah The role, importance and wisdom of giving Zakah and Ushr, including how
why Zakah and Ushr are given.

The criteria for giving (Nisaab) and receiving Zakah.

3.1.2.6 Hajj The role and importance of Hajj, including its origins and the promoting of
the spirit of global brotherhood and unity (Ummah).

The importance of Hajj rituals and how Hajj is performed, including Ihram,
Meeqat and the actions pilgrims perform at sites including the Ka’aba,
Mina, Arafat and Muzdalifah.

The role and importance of Umrah, including how Umrah is performed.

3.1.2.7 Jihad The different understandings of Jihad fee sabilillah.

The meaning and importance of the 4 types of Jihad: with one's heart (Bil-
qalb); with one's tongue (Bil-lisan), with one's hand (Bil-yad); and with a
sword (Bil-sayf). The rules for conducting armed warfare (Kitaal).
3.1.2.8 Festivals and Commemorations in The origins and importance of Eid-Al-Adha, Eid-Ul-Fitr and Ashura and how
Islam they are observed.

Students should also study the prescribed passages linked to each part of the specification content for section 3.1.2.
These are set out in Section 6 of the specification (see page 19).

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 11
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

3.2 The life of Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ََخاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
and sources of authority in Islam
Students should study the beliefs, teachings, influences, and practices linked to the life of Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬using Islamic sources of wisdom and authority. They should be able to refer to scripture and
other writings where appropriate.

Prescribed passages from the Qur’an and Hadith that link to the below specification content are set out in Section 6 of the
specification (see pages 19-33). The extended response questions will require students to use a given prescribed passage.

3.2.1 Life and teachings of Hazrat Muhammad

‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ََخاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
Content What do students need to study
3.2.1.1 Pre-Islamic Arabia The main religious, political, moral, and social features of Pre-Islamic Arabia,
including Jahiliya (Age of ignorance).

3.2.1.2 Early Life of Hazrat Muhammad The birth and upbringing of Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬ ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬.This includes his wet nurse Halima Sadia,
his parents and the role of Abdul Mutalib, Abu Talib and Bahira.

Hazrat Muhammad's ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬early life, his
marriage to Hazrat Khadija (RA), and his business dealings.

The key qualities of Hazrat Muhammad's

‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی اللہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬life including his chastity, modesty,
courage, bravery, treatment of the poor, earning an honest living and fair
dealings.
3.2.1.3 The call to Prophethood (Nabuat) The details of the call to Prophethood in Cave of Hira, including his
encounter with Jibril (AS).

Hazrat Muhammad’s ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬reaction to the call
and the role of Hazrat Khadija (RA) and Waraqa.
3.2.1.4 Early preaching of Islam The private and public preaching and Hazrat Muhammad’s
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬early message, including the first converts
to Islam, his call to Tawhid and rejection of idol worshiping.

The early teachings of Islam, including the rights for women, the outlawing
of alcohol and gambling.
3.2.1.5 Opposition to Hazrat Muhammad The reasons for the opposition he faced from the leaders of Makkah,
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬ including the boycott of Banu Hashim, the events at Ta’if and the plots to
kill Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬
3.2.1.6 The Ascension of Hazrat The events of Isra wal Mir’aj and their importance.
Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

12 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Content What do students need to study

3.2.1.7 The Hijrah and the The events leading up to the Hijrah including the pledges of Aqaba.
Madni Period
Hazrat Muhammad's ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬journey from
Makkah to Madinah, including the roles of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) and Hazrat
Ali (RA).

Early life in Madinah, including Hazrat Muhammad's

‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬role as a statesman and the establishment
of the Charter of Madinah.

The establishment of the first mosque in Madinah.

3.2.1.8 Supporters of Hazrat Muhammad The support given to Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬ and the Muhajirun by the Ansaar in Madinah and the early Sahabah
(companions), including Hazrat Ayub Ansari (RA), Hazrat Hamza (RA),
Hazrat Talha (RA) and Hazrat Zubair (RA).
3.2.1.9 The battles fought by Hazrat The events and importance of the Battles of Badr, Uhud, Trench, Khaibar,
Muhammad and Hunayn. The significance of Aam ul wafood.
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
The details of the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. The importance of Fath-e-Makkah
(conquest of Makkah) and the purification of the Kaaba.

Hazrat Muhammad’s ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬final victory,
including the farewell pilgrimage.
3.2.1.10 The legacy and lessons of Hazrat The key teachings from his final sermon.
Muhammad's
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬ Key teachings from Hazrat Muhammad’s ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬life
life including: treatment of parents, the importance of justice, honesty and
patience.

Students should also study the prescribed passages linked to each part of the specification content for section 3.2.1.
These are set out in Section 6 of the specification (see page 19).

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 13
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

3.2.2 Sources of authority in Islam

Content What do students need to study
3.2.2.1 The revelation and compilation of The significance of the Qur’an as the final revelation, including the way in
the Qur’an which it was revealed, preserved, and compiled.

3.2.2.2 The features and use of the Qur’an The features of the Qur’an including the major themes of the Makki and
as a source of authority Madni Surahs.

The miraculous nature and infallibility of the Qur’an and the way in which it
is used and treated.
3.2.2.3 The Hadith and Sunnah as a source The relationship of the Hadith to the Qur’an as a source of guidance and
of Shariah Shariah law, including the importance of the teachings and Sunnah of
Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬
3.2.2.4 The compilation and The different categories of Hadith in relation to their reliability including
categorisation of Hadith Sahih, Hasan Daeef and Maudu.

The methods used to test the reliability of Hadith including the Isnad
(chains of transmission) and the Matn (text).

The role of the main compilers of the major Hadith collections, including
the main features of Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim.
3.2.2.5 The different schools of thought in The origins and role of the major law schools in Islam including: Hanafi,
Islam Shaf’i, Maliki, Hanbali and Ja'fari.
3.2.2.6 Ijma and Qiyas as a source of The meaning, role and importance of Ijma (consensus) and Qiyas (analogy)
Shariah in forming religious rulings.
3.2.2.7 The use of Shariah in everyday life Following the Qur'an and Sunnah in everyday life, including Halal and
Haram, dietary laws and dress laws for men and women.

The role of parents including religious upbringing and developing good

morals and character.
3.2.2.8 The personal impact of sources of The importance of generosity and sacrifice, including sincerity (Ikhlas),
authority on the character of a Muslim piety, honesty, hiding the faults of others and the importance of physical
and mental health.
3.2.2.9 The social impact of sources of The rights of neighbours including the importance of Amanat.
authority on the character of a Muslim
The prohibition of backbiting, arrogance and jealousy.
3.2.2.10 The legal impact of sources of The importance of rulings and testimony.
authority on the character of a Muslim
The prohibition of interest and the importance of Islamic wills.

The key characteristics of an Islamic state.

Students should also study the prescribed passages linked to each part of the specification content for section 3.2.2.
These are set out in Section 6 of the specification (see page 19).

14 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

4. Scheme of assessment
Find mark schemes, and specimen papers for new courses, on our website at oxfordaqa.com/9237

This is a linear qualification. In order to achieve the award, students must complete all assessments at the end of the course and
in the same series.

Our International GCSE exams and certification for this specification are available for the first time in May/June 2026 and then
every May/June and November for the life of the specification.

All materials are available in English only.

4.1 Aims and learning outcomes

The aims of this syllabus are to enable students to:

• Develop knowledge and understanding of key Muslim beliefs and their significance and influence on the lives of
Muslims.

• Develop knowledge and understanding of Muslim practices and their significance and impact on the lives of
Muslims today.

• َ ‫اللہ َعلَیْ ِہ َو َعلٰٓی اٰلِ ٖہ َوا َْص َحاب ِٖہ َو َس‬

Develop knowledge and understanding of the life of Hazrat Muhammad ‫لَّم‬ ِ ‫ خَات َ ُم‬and his
ُ ‫النَّب ٖی َّن َصلَّی‬
Sunnah and the importance of different sources of authority in Islam.

• Develop textual knowledge and understanding of the subject by exploring sources of authority, the Qur’an and
Hadith.

• Recall and present information and evidence to support reasoning about the significance and implications of
religious beliefs, practices and teachings.

• Explore aspects of beliefs, practices and teachings, and apply learning to and from sources of authority,
demonstrating depth and breadth of understanding of the topics studied.

4.2 Assessment Objectives

The exams will measure how students have achieved the following assessment objectives.

AO1: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of religion, beliefs and practices, including:

• the importance of beliefs, practices, and sources of authority (Qur’an and Hadith)

• the key events in the history of Islam

• their influence and impact on individuals, communities, and society

• how beliefs and practices are observed.

AO2: Examine aspects of religious beliefs, practices and teachings, including:

• their significance and implications

• application of learning to and from sources of authority.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 15
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

4.2.1 Assessment Objective weightings

Assessments Objectives (AOs) Paper 1 Paper 2 Overall weighting of
AOs (approx. %)
AO1 22% 22% 44%
AO2 28% 28% 56%
Overall weighting of components (%) 50% 50% 100%

4.3 Assessment weightings

Component Maximum raw mark Scaling factor Maximum scaled
mark
Paper 1 50 X1 50
Paper 2 50 X1 50
Total scaled mark: 100

16 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

5 General administration
We are committed to delivering assessments of the highest quality and have developed practices and procedures that support
this aim. To ensure that all students have a fair experience, we have worked with other awarding bodies in England to develop
best practice for maintaining the integrity of exams. This is published through the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ). We will
maintain the same high standard through their use for OxfordAQA.

More information on all aspects of administration is available at oxfordaqa.com/exams-administration

For any immediate enquiries please contact info@oxfordaqa.com

Please note: We aim to respond to all email enquiries within two working days.

Our UK office hours are Monday to Friday, 8am – 5pm local time.

5.1 Entries and codes

You only need to make one entry for each qualification – this will cover all the question papers and certification.

Qualification title OxfordAQA entry code

OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat 9237

Please check the current version of the Entry Codes book and the latest information about making entries on
oxfordaqa.com/exams-admin

Exams will be available in the May/June and November series.

5.2 Overlaps with other qualifications

There are no overlaps with other qualifications.

5.3 Awarding grades and reporting results

In line with UK GCSEs, this qualification will be graded on a nine-point scale: 1 to 9 – where 9 is the best grade. Students who
fail to reach the minimum standard for grade 1 will be recorded as U (unclassified) and will not receive a qualification certificate.

To find out more about the new grading system, visit our website at oxfordaqa.com

5.4 Resits
Students can retake the whole qualification as many times as they wish. This is a traditional linear specification, individual
components cannot be resat.

You only need to make one entry for each qualification – this will cover all the question papers and certification.

5.5 Previous learning and prerequisites

There are no previous learning requirements. Any requirements for entry to a course based on this specification are at the
discretion of schools.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 17
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

5.6 Access to assessment: equality and inclusion

Our general qualifications are designed to prepare students for a wide range of occupations and further study whilst assessing
a wide range of competences.

The subject criteria have been assessed to ensure they test specific competences. The skills or knowledge required do not
disadvantage particular groups of students.

Exam access arrangements are available for students with disabilities and special educational needs.

We comply with the UK Equality Act 2010 to make reasonable adjustments to remove or lessen any disadvantage that affects a
disabled student. Information about access arrangements will be issued to schools when they become OxfordAQA centres.

5.7 Working with OxfordAQA for the first time

You will need to apply to become an OxfordAQA centre to offer our specifications to your students. Find out how at
oxfordaqa.com/centreapprovals

5.8 Private candidates

Centres may accept private candidates for examined units/components only with the prior agreement of OxfordAQA.
If you are an approved OxfordAQA centre and wish to accept private candidates, please contact OxfordAQA at:
info@oxfordaqa.com

Private candidates may also enter for examined only units/components via the British Council; please contact your local British
Council office for details.

18 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

6 Appendix: Prescribed passages from

the Qur’an and Hadith for study
As well as studying the specification content detailed in Section 3 (see pages 10-14), students must study related passages from
the Qur’an and Hadith. These are provided below in both Arabic and English.

English translations of the Qur’an are taken from quran.com, with all translations by Saheeh International. The Hadiths and their
English translations are taken from sunnah.com

For centres in Pakistan only: According to the Compulsory Teaching of the Holy Quran Act (2017) and the National
Passage 1 (3.1.1.1)
Curriculum of Pakistan, students should read and translate selected Surahs and Hadiths in order to understand Islamic concepts
in depth. These are in addition to the passages listed in section 6 of this specification. These additional Surahs and Hadiths
will not be directly assessed in the examinations for this qualification, so it advised that they are assessed as part of formative
assessment in the classroom. Further information can be found at ncc.gov.pk.

6.1 Passages for studyPassage

for2 (3.1.1.2)
Islam: Beliefs and teachings
Related specification content Passage
Passage 1 for study
(3.1.1.1)

3.1.1.1 The oneness of God (Tawhid)

Qur’an
Passage 2112: 1-4
(3.1.1.2)

Say, "He is Allah, [who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is
Passage 3 (3.1.1.3)
born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent."
3.1.1.2 Key beliefs

Passage 3 (3.1.1.3)

Qur’an 2:285-286
Passage 4 (3.1.1.4)
The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so
have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allah and His angels and His
books and His messengers, [saying], "We make no distinction between any of His
messengers." And they say, "We hear and we obey. [We seek] Your forgiveness,
our Lord, and to You is the [final] destination. Allah does not require of any soul
more than what it can afford. All good will be for its own benefit, and all evil will
be to its own loss. ˹The believers pray,˺ “Our Lord! Do not punish us if we forget or
make a mistake.
Passage 4 (3.1.1.4) Our Lord! Do not place a burden on us like the one you placed on
those before us. Our Lord! Do not burden us with what we cannot bear. Pardon us,
forgive us, and have mercy on us. You are our ˹only˺ Guardian. So grant us victory
over the disbelieving people.”

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 19
 Passage 2
Passage 1 (3.1.1.2)
(3.1.1.1)
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification content Passage

Passage 2 for study
(3.1.1.2)
3.1.1.3 Concept of belief in Allah.

Passage 3 (3.1.1.3)

Qur’an
Passage 359:22-2
(3.1.1.3)

He is Allah, other than whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the
witnessed. He is the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. He is Allah, other
than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign,1 the Pure, the Perfection, the Grantor
of Security, the Overseer, the Exalted in Might, the Compeller, the Superior.
Exalted is Allah above whatever they associate with Him. He is Allah, the Creator,
the Producer, the Fashioner; to Him belong the best names. Whatever is in the
Passage 4and
heavens (3.1.1.4)
earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
3.1.1.4 Belief in Angels

Passage 4 (3.1.1.4)

Qur’an 35:1

[All] praise is [due] to Allah, Creator of the heavens and the earth, [who] made the
angels messengers having wings, two or three or four. He increases in creation
what He wills. Indeed, Allah is over all things competent.

20 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Passage 5 (3.1.1.5)
Related specification content Passage for study
3.1.1.5 Belief in Predestination (Al-
Qadr)

Passage 5 (3.1.1.5)

Sahih al-Bukhari
Passage 6 (3.1.1.6) 1362, Book 23, Hadith 115

‘We were accompanying a funeral procession in Baqi-I-Gharqad. Muhammad

‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬came to us and sat and we sat around him. He
had a small stick in his hand then he bent his head and started scraping the ground
with it. He then said, "There is none among you, and not a created soul, but has
place either in Paradise or in Hell assigned for him and it is also determined for
him whether he will be among the blessed or wretched." A man said, "O Allah's
Messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ ! َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬Should we not depend on what has
been Passage written 7 (3.1.1.7) for us and leave the deeds as whoever amongst us is blessed will do
the deeds of a blessed person and whoever amongst us will be wretched, will do
the deeds of a wretched person?" The Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬
said, "The good deeds are made easy for the blessed, and bad deeds are made
easy for the wretched." Then he recited the Verses:-- “As for him who gives (in
charity)Passage and 6 (3.1.1.6) is Allah-fearing And believes in the Best reward from Allah.”
3.1.1.6 Belief in life after death

Qur’an 80:34-42
Passage 7 (3.1.1.7)

On the Day a man will flee from his own siblings. And his mother and his father.
And his wife and his children, For every man, that Day, will be a matter adequate
for him. [Some] faces, that Day, will be bright. Laughing, rejoicing at good news.
And [other] faces, that Day, will have upon them dust. Blackness will cover them.
Those are the disbelievers, the wicked ones.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 21
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Passage 7 (3.1.1.7)
Related specification content Passage for study
3.1.1.7 Prophethood (Nabuat) and
holy books in Islam

Qur’an 9:128-129

There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to
him is what you suffer; [he is] concerned over you and to the believers is kind and
merciful. But if they turn away, [O Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫]َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬,
say, "Sufficient for me is Allah; there is no deity except Him. On Him I have relied,
Passage
and He is8 (3.1.1.8)
the Lord of the Great Throne."
3.1.1.8 The early leadership of the
Muslim community

Hadith
Passage 28, 40 Hadith an-Nawawi
9 (3.1.2.1)

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave us a
sermon by which our hearts were filled with fear and tears came to our eyes. So
we said, “O Messenger of Allah ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ !َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬It is as though
this is a farewell sermon, so counsel us.” He (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) said, “I counsel you to have Taqwa (fear) of Allah, and to listen and obey [your
leader], even if a slave were to become your Ameer. Verily he among you who lives
long will see great controversy, so you must keep to my Sunnah and to the Sunnah
of the Khulafa ar-Rashideen (the Rightly Guided Caliphs), those who guide to
the right way. Cling to it stubbornly [literally: with your molar teeth]. Beware
of newly invented matters [in the religion], for verily every Bidah (innovation) is
misguidance.”

Passage 10 (3.1.2.2)

22 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

6.2 Passages for Study for Islam: Practices

Related specification content Passage 9 for
Passage (3.1.2.1)
study
3.1.2.1 The key practices in Islam

Sahih al-Bukhari
Passage 10 (3.1.2.2) 50, Book 2, Hadith 43

One day while the Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬was sitting in the
company of some people, (The angel) Jibril (AS) came and asked, "What is
faith?" Allah's Messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬replied, 'Faith is to
believe in Allah, His angels, (the) meeting with Him, His Apostles, and to believe
in Resurrection." Then he further asked, "What is Islam?" Allah's Messenger
‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬replied, "To worship Allah Alone and none else,
to offer prayers perfectly to pay the compulsory charity (Zakah) and to observe
fasts during the month of Ramadhan." Then he further asked, "What is Ihsan
(perfection)?" Allah's Messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬replied, "To
worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion
then you must consider that He is looking at you." Then he further asked, "When
will the Hour be established?" Allah's Messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
replied, "The answerer has no better knowledge than the questioner. But I will
inform you about its portents.

1. When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master.

2. When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and competing with others
in the construction of higher buildings. And the Hour is one of five things which
nobody knows except Allah.

The Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬then recited: "Verily, with Allah
(Alone) is the knowledge of the Hour--." Then that man (Jibril) left and the Prophet
‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬asked his companions to call him back, but they
could not see him. Then the Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬said, "That
was Jibril (AS) who came to teach the people their religion." Abu 'Abdullah said:
He (the Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ )َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬considered all that as a part of
faith.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 23
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification content Passage

Passage 10for study
(3.1.2.2)

3.1.2.2 Shahadah

Qur’an 3: 18-19

Allah witnesses that there is no deity except Him, and [so do] the angels and
those of knowledge – [that He is] maintaining [creation] in justice. There is no deity
except Him, the Exalted in Might, the Wise. Indeed, the religion in the sight of
Allah is Islam. And those who were given the Scripture did not differ except after
knowledge had come to them – out of jealous animosity between themselves.
And whoever disbelieves in the verses of Allah, then indeed, Allah is swift in
[taking]
Passage account.
11 (3.1.2.3)

3.1.2.3 Salah

Qur’an 62:9-11
Passage 12 (3.1.2.4)

O you who have believed, when [the Adhan] is called for the prayer on the day
of Jumu'ah [Friday], then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and leave trade.
That is better for you, if you only knew. And when the prayer has been concluded,
disperse within the land and seek from the bounty of Allah, and remember Allah
often that you may succeed. But when they saw a transaction or a diversion, [O
Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫]َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬, they rushed to it and left you
standing. Say, "What is with Allah is better than diversion and than a transaction,
and Allah is the best of providers."

Passage 13 (3.1.2.5)

24 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification content Passage 12for

Passage (3.1.2.4)
study
3.1.2.4 Sawm
Passage 11 (3.1.2.3)

Passage 12 (3.1.2.4)

Qur’an 2:183-185
Passage 13 (3.1.2.5)
O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those
before you that you may become righteous – [Fasting for] a limited number of days.
So whoever among you is ill or on a journey [during them] – then an equal number of
days [are to be made up]. And upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship] – a
ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person [each day]. And whoever volunteers
excess – it is better for him. But to fast is best for you, if you only knew. The month
of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people
and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of] the
month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey – then an equal number of other
days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship and [wants] for
you to complete the period and to glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you;
and perhaps you will be grateful.
Passage 13 (3.1.2.5)

3.1.2.5 Zakah

Qur’an 9:58-60

And among them are some who criticize you concerning the [distribution of]
charities. If they are given from them, they approve; but if they are not given from
them, at once they become angry. If only they had been satisfied with what Allah and
His Messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬gave them and said, "Sufficient
for us is Allah; Allah will give us of His bounty, and [so will] His Messenger
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ ;َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬indeed, we are desirous toward Allah," [it
would have been better for them]. Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and
for the needy and for those employed to collect [Zakah] and for bringing hearts
together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and
for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveller – an obligation [imposed] by
Allah. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 25
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification content Passage

Passage 14for study
(3.1.2.6)

3.1.2.6 Hajj

Passage 14 (3.1.2.6)

Passage 14 (3.1.2.6)
Qur’an 2:197-199
Passage 15 (3.1.2.7)

Hajj is [during] well-known months, so whoever has made Hajj obligatory upon
himself therein [by entering the state of Ihram], there is [to be for him] no sexual
relations and no disobedience and no disputing during Hajj. And whatever good
you do – Allah knows it. And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is
fear of Allah.
Passage And fear Me, O you of understanding. There is no blame upon you
16 (3.1.2.8)
for seeking bounty from your Lord [during Hajj]. But when you depart from Arafat,
remember Allah at al-Mash'ar al-Haram. And remember Him, as He has guided
you, for indeed, you were before that among those astray. Then depart from the
place from where [all] the people depart and ask forgiveness of Allah. Indeed,
Passage 15 (3.1.2.7)
Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
3.1.2.7 Jihad Passage 15 (3.1.2.7)

Qur’an 2:190
Passage 17
16 (3.2.1.1)
(3.1.2.8)

Fight in the way of Allah those who fight against you but do not transgress. Indeed,
Passage 16 (3.1.2.8)
Allah does not like transgressors.
3.1.2.8 Festivals and
commemorations in Islam
Passage 18 (3.2.1.2)

Passage 17 (3.2.1.1)

Sunan
PassageIbn Majah 1722, Book 7, Hadith 85
17 (3.2.1.1)

“I was present for ‘Eid with ‘Umar bin Khattab. He started with the prayer before
the sermon, and said: ‘The Messenger of Allah ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
forbade fasting on these two days, the Day of Fitr and the Day of Adha. As for the
Passage
Day 18 (3.2.1.2)
of Fitr, it is the day when you break your fast, and on the Day of Adha you eat
the meat of your sacrifices.’
Passage 18 (3.2.1.2)

26 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
 Passage 16 (3.1.2.8)

Passage 16 (3.1.2.8)
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

6.3 Passages for study for Life and teachings of

Hazrat Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ََخاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
Related specification content Passage 17for
Passage (3.2.1.1)
study
3.2.1.1 Pre-Islamic Arabia Passage 17 (3.2.1.1)

Qur’an 17:31
Passage 18 (3.2.1.2)
And do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and for you.
Passage 18 (3.2.1.2)
Indeed their killing is ever a great sin.
3.2.1.2 Early Life of
Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬
Qur’an 68:4

And indeed, you O Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬are of a great
moral character.
Passage 19 (3.2.1.3)

3.2.1.3 The call to Prophethood

(Nabuat) Passage 19 (3.2.1.3)

Qur’an 96: 1-5

Passage 20 (3.2.1.4)
Recite in the name of your Lord who created… Created man from a clinging
substance. Recite, and your Lord is the most Generous Who taught by the pen
20 (3.2.1.3)
Passage 19 (3.2.1.4)
Taught man that which he knew not.
3.2.1.4 Early preaching of Islam

Passage 21 (3.2.1.5)
Passage 20 (3.2.1.4)

Qur’an 1:1-7
Passage 21 (3.2.1.5)

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. [All] praise is
[due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds - The Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful,
Sovereign of the Day of Recompense. It is You we worship and You we ask for
Passage 22 (3.2.1.6)
help. Guide us to the straight path - The path of those upon whom You have
bestowed favour, not of those who have earned [Your] anger or of those who are
Passage 21 (3.2.1.5)
astray.
Passage 22 (3.2.1.6)

3.2.1.5 Opposition to
Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

Passage 23 (3.2.1.7)
Passage 22
Qur’an (3.2.1.6)
111:1-5

May the23
Passage hands of Abu Lahab be ruined, and ruined is he. His wealth will not avail
(3.2.1.7)
him or that which he gained. He will [enter to] burn in a Fire of [blazing] flame. And
his wife [as well] - the carrier of firewood. Around her neck is a rope of [twisted]
fibre.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 27

Passage 23 (3.2.1.7)
 Passage 21 (3.2.1.5)

OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).

For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Passage 21 (3.2.1.5)

Related specification content Passage 22for

Passage (3.2.1.6)
study
3.2.1.6 The Ascension
of Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

Passage 22 (3.2.1.6)

Passage 23
Qur’an (3.2.1.7)
17:1-2

Exalted is He who took His Servant ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬by night from
al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa, whose surroundings We have blessed,
to show him of Our signs. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Seeing. And We gave
Moses the Scripture and made it a guidance for the Children of Israel that you not
take other
Passage than Me as Disposer of affairs.
23 (3.2.1.7)

3.2.1.7 The Hijrah and early life in

Madinah

Qur’an 9:108

Do not stand [for prayer] within it - ever. A mosque founded on righteousness from
the first day is more worthy for you to stand in. Within it are men who love to purify
Passage 24 (3.2.1.8)
themselves; and Allāh loves those who purify themselves.
3.2.1.8 Supporters of
Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

Jami` at-Tirmidhi
Passage 25 (3.2.1.9) 3675, Book 49, Hadith 71

Umar ibn al-Khattab reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be
upon him, ordered us to give charity and at the time I had some wealth. I said to
myself, “Today I will outdo Abu Bakr, if ever there were a day to outdo him.” I went
with half of my wealth to the Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬and he
said, “What have you left for your family?” I said, “The same amount.” Then, Abu
Bakr came with everything he had. The Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬ ُ ‫َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬
said, “O Abu Bakr, what have you left for your family?” Abu Bakr said, “Allah and
his messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬.” I said, “By Allah, I will never do
better than Abu Bakr.”

28 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification content Passage

Passage 25for study
(3.2.1.9)

3.2.1.9 The battles fought

by Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

Qur’an 3:121-127

And [remember] when you, [O Muhammad ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫] َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬,
left your family in the morning to post the believers at their stations for the battle
[of Uhud] - and Allah is Hearing and Knowing - When two parties among you
were about to lose courage, but Allah was their ally; and upon Allah the believers
should rely. And already had Allah given you victory at [the battle of] Badr while
you were weak [i.e., few in number]. Then fear Allah; perhaps you will be grateful.
[Remember] when you said to the believers, "Is it not sufficient for you that your
Lord should reinforce you with three thousand angels sent down? Yes, if you
remain patient and conscious of Allah and they [i.e., the enemy] come upon you
[attacking] in rage, your Lord will reinforce you with five thousand angels having
marks [of distinction]." And Allah made it not except as [a sign of] good tidings for
you and to reassure your hearts thereby. And victory is not except from Allah, the
Exalted in Might, the Wise - That He might cut down a section of the disbelievers
or suppress them so that they turn back disappointed.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 29
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification content Passage

Passage 26for study
(3.2.1.10)

3.2.1.10 The legacy and

achievements of Hazrat Muhammad
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّل َََم‬
ُ ‫َخَاَت َُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬

Qur’an 5:3
Passage 27 (3.2.2.1)

Prohibited to you are dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has
been dedicated to other than Allah, and [those animals] killed by strangling or by a
violent blow or by a head-long fall or by the goring of horns, and those from which
a wild animal has eaten, except what you [are able to] slaughter [before its death],
and those which are sacrificed on stone altars, and [prohibited is] that you seek
decision through divining arrows. That is grave disobedience. This day those who
disbelieve have despaired of [defeating] your religion; so fear them not, but fear
Me. This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favour upon
you and have approved for you Islam as religion. But whoever is forced by severe
hunger with no inclination to sin – then indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

Passage 28 (3.2.2.2)

Passage 29 (3.2.2.3)

30 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1
Passage 26 (3.2.1.10)

6.4 Passages for Passage

study for Sources of authority in Islam
26 (3.2.1.10)

Related specification Passage for study

content Passage 27 (3.2.2.1)

3.2.2.1 The revelation and

compilation of the Qur’an

Passage 27 (3.2.2.1)

Passage 27 (3.2.2.1)

Passage
Sahih 28 (3.2.2.2)
Bukhari 4987, Book 66, Hadith 9

Hudhaifa bin Al-Yaman came to Uthman at the time when the people of Sham
and the people of Iraq were Waging war to conquer Arminya and Adharbijan.
Hudhaifa was afraid of their (the people of Sham and Iraq) differences in the
recitation of the Qur'an, so he said to Uthman,
“O chief of the Believers! Save this nation before they differ about the Book
(Qur'an) as(3.2.2.3)
28
Passage 29 Jews and the Christians did before.”
(3.2.2.2)

3.2.2.2 The features and use

of the Qur’an as a source of
authority
Passage 28 (3.2.2.2)

Qur’an 56:75-80
Passage 29 (3.2.2.3)

Then I swear by the setting of the stars, And indeed, it is an oath – if you could
know – [most] great. Indeed, it is a noble Qur’an. In a Register well-protected;
None touch it except the purified [i.e., the angels]. [It is] a revelation from the Lord
Passage 29 (3.2.2.3)
of the worlds.
3.2.2.3 The Hadith and
Sunnah as a source of
Shariah

Qur’an 53: 1-6

By the star when it descends, Your companion [i.e., Muhammad

‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ ] َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬has not strayed, nor has he erred, Nor does he
speak from [his own] inclination. It is not but a revelation revealed, Taught to him
by one intense in strength [i.e., Jibril (AS)] – One of soundness. And he rose to [his]
true form.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 31
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification Passage for study

content Passage 31 (3.2.2.4)

3.2.2.4 The compilation and

categorisation of Hadith.

Passage 31 (3.2.2.4)

Passage 32 (3.2.2.5)
Sahih al-Bukhari 3461, Book 60, Hadith 128
Passage 31 (3.2.2.4)
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr: The Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬said,
"Convey (my teachings) to the people even if it were a single sentence, and tell
others the stories of Bani Israel (which have been taught to you), for it is not sinful
to do so. And whoever tells a lie on me intentionally will surely take his place in the
(Hell) Fire."
Passage 32 (3.2.2.5)

3.2.2.5 The different schools

Passage 33 (3.2.2.6)
of thought in Islam

Passage 32 (3.2.2.5)

Qur’an 4:59
Passage 33 (3.2.2.6)
Passage 34 (3.2.2.7)
O you who have believed, obey Allah and obey the Messenger
‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬and those in authority among you.
And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger
‫اللُہ ََعَلَْیْ ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّّٖی� ََن ََصَّلَی‬, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day.
That Passage is the best [way] and best in result.
33 (3.2.2.6)

3.2.2.6 Ijma and Qiyas as a Passage 34 (3.2.2.7)

source of Shariah.

Passage 34
Qur’an (3.2.2.7)
4:115

And whoever opposes the Messenger ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَت َ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬after
guidance has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers
– We will give him what he has taken and drive him into Hell, and evil it is as a
destination.

32 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
 Passage 33 (3.2.2.6)

OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).

For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Related specification Passage for study

content Passage 34 (3.2.2.7)

3.2.2.7 The use of Shariah in

everyday life.

Sahih al-Bukhari 5027, Book 66, Hadith 49

The Prophet ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬said, "The best among you
(Muslims) are those who learn the Qur'an and teach it."
3.2.2.8 The personal impact
of sources of authority on
the character of a Muslim.

Sahih Muslim 2564c, Book 45, Hadith 42

Verily Allah does not look to your faces and your wealth but He looks to your heart
and to your deeds.
3.2.2.9 The social impact of
sources of authority on the
character of a Muslim.

Sahih-al Bukhari 6016, Book 78, Hadith 47

The Prophet, ‫اللُہ ََعَلَ ْْی ِِہ ََو ََعٰٓل�ٓی ٰاِٰلِ ٖٖہ ََوَا َْْص ََحاِب ِٖٖہ ََو ََسَّلَ ََم‬
ُ ‫ َخَاَتَ ُُم ال ََّن ِِب ّ�ّٖی ََن ََصَّلَی‬said: "By Allah, he does not
believe! It was said, "Who is that, O Allah’s Messenger?’’ He said, "One whose
neighbour does not feel safe from his evil".
3.2.2.10 The legal impact of
sources of authority on the
character of a Muslim.

Qur’an 2:275

Those who consume interest cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection] except
as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity. That is because they
say, "Trade is [just] like interest." But Allah has permitted trade and has forbidden
interest. So whoever has received an admonition from his Lord and desists may
have what is past, and his affair rests with Allah. But whoever returns to [dealing in
interest or usury] - those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide eternally
therein.

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 33
 OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

34 Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration
OxfordAQA International GCSE Islamiat (9237).
For International GCSE exams May/June 2026 onwards. Version 1.1

Visit oxfordaqa.com/9237 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration 35
Fairness first
Thank you for choosing OxfordAQA,
the international exam board that puts
fairness first.

Benchmarked to UK standards, our

exams only ever test subject ability, not
language skills or cultural knowledge.

This gives every student the best

possible chance to show what they can
do and get the results they deserve.

Get in touch
You can contact us at
oxfordaqa.com/contact-us

or email info@oxfordaqa.com

Copyright © 2025 Oxford International AQA Examinations and its licensors. All rights reserved.

Oxford International AQA Examinations retains the copyright on all its publications, including specifications.
However, approved OxfordAQA schools are permitted to copy material from this specification for their own
internal use.