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Ammonium Phosphate

The document outlines a series of preliminary tests and confirmatory tests conducted to analyze a simple salt, identifying its anion as phosphate ion (PO43-) and cation as ammonium ion (NH4+). Various experiments, including color, smell, and reactions with different reagents, were performed to draw inferences about the presence of specific ions. The final result concludes that the salt is ammonium phosphate (NH4)3PO4.

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4 views3 pages

Ammonium Phosphate

The document outlines a series of preliminary tests and confirmatory tests conducted to analyze a simple salt, identifying its anion as phosphate ion (PO43-) and cation as ammonium ion (NH4+). Various experiments, including color, smell, and reactions with different reagents, were performed to draw inferences about the presence of specific ions. The final result concludes that the salt is ammonium phosphate (NH4)3PO4.

Uploaded by

jameelariaz10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIMPLE SALT ANALYSIS-

PRELIMINARY TESTS

SNo EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 COLOUR: The colour of the salt is Colourless


noted

2 SMELL: A pinch of the salt is rubbed Smell of ammonia May be due to the
between the fingers with a drop of water presence of NH4+ ions.
and smell is noted

3 ACTION OF HEAT- A small amount of Ammoniacal smell May be due to the


dry salt is heated strongly in a dry test presence of NH4+ ions.
tube

4 FLAME TEST- Take a small amount of No characteristic flame is Absence of Ca+2,Sr+2,


salt in a watch glass and add conc.HCl observed Ba+2,Cu+2 ions
to make a paste. Introduce the paste into
a non-luminous flame using a glass rod.

5 ASH TEST: To a small amount of salt in No characteristic ash is Absence of Zn+2,Mg+2,


a watch glass, add a few drops of Conc. observed Al+3 ions
HNO3 and Cobalt nitrate solution and
mix. Dip a filter paper and introduce it in
flame to collect the ash.

6 ACTION OF NaOH:To a small amount Colourless gas with the May be due to the
of salt in a test tube and add dil NaOH smell of ammonia is presence of NH4+ ions
evolved. When a glass rod
dipped in conc.HCl is
introduced in the mouth of
test tube , dense white
fumes are observed

IDENTIFICATION OF ACID RADICAL

7 ACTION OF DILUTE H2SO4:To a small No characteristic change Absence of CO32-,


amount of salt in a test tube add dil observed CH3COO– ions
H2SO4

8 ACTION OF DILUTE H2SO4:To a small No characteristic change Absence of Cl–,Br–,


amount of salt in a test tube add conc observed NO3– ions
H2SO4

9 MANGANESE DIOXIDE TEST:To a No characteristic change Absence of Cl– ions


small amount of salt in a test tube add observed
MnO2 powder and 2-3 drops of conc.
H2SO4 .
10 COPPER TURNINGS TEST:To a small No characteristic change Absence of NO3– ions
amount of salt in a test tube add copper observed
turnings and 2-3 drops of conc. HNO3 .

11 BaCl2 TEST:To a small amount of salt No characteristic change Absence of SO42– ions
solution in a test tube add aq. BaCl2 observed
solution.

12 AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE TEST:To Yellow colour precipitate is Maybe due to the


a small amount of salt in a test tube add observed presence of Phosphate
2-3 drops of conc. HNO3 and ion (PO43-)
Ammonium molybdate solution.

PREPARATION OF SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT :Take 1 g of salt in a boiling tube. Mix


about 3 g of solid sodium carbonate and add 15 mL of distilled water to it. Stir and boil the content for
about 10 minutes. Cool, filter and collect the filtrate in a test tube and label it as sodium carbonate
extract.

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL

SNo EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE TEST:To a Yellow colour precipitate is The presence of


small amount of the extract in a test tube observed Phosphate ion (PO43-)
add 2-3 drops of conc. HNO3 and is confirmed
Ammonium molybdate solution.

2 COBALT NITRATE TEST: To the extract A violet colour precipitate , The presence of
add few drops of cobalt nitrate solution soluble in acetic acid is Phosphate ion (PO43-)
formed is confirmed

IDENTIFICATION OF GROUP CATION (BASIC RADICAL)

PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION: Take 1-2 g of the given salt in a boiling tube and add 5
ml of distilled water and shake well until the salt is completely dissolved. This is known as original
solution(OS)

GROUP SEPARATION

SNo GROUP EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 I To OS add dil HCl No white precipitate Absence of Ist group ions


(Pb2+)

2 II To OS add dil HCl and pass H2S No black precipitate Absence of IIndt group
gas formed ions (Cu2+)

3 III OS is saturated with solid No gelatinous white Absence of IIIrd group


NH4Cl and then add excess precipitate formed ions (Al3+,Fe2+)
NH4OH

4 IV To OS add NH4Cl, NH4OH and No black precipitate Absence of IVth group


pass H2S gas formed ions (Ni2+, Co2+)

5 V To OS add NH4Cl, NH4OH and No white precipitate Absence of Vth group ions
(NH4)2CO3 formed (Bai2+,Ca2+, Sr2+)

6 VI To OS add NH4Cl, NH4OH and No white precipitate Absence of VIth group


Na2HPO4 formed ions (Mg2+)

7 ZERO To OS add Nessler’s reagent brown precipitate is Presence of Zero group


observed NH4+ ions

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL

SNo EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 NESSLER’S REAGENT: To a small Brown colour precipitate is Presence of Zero


amount of the OS in a test tube add 2-3 observed group NH4+ ions is
drops of Nessler’s reagent (K2HgI4). confirmed

2 ACTION OF NaOH:To a small amount Colourless gas with the smell Presence of Zero
of salt in a test tube and add dil NaOH of ammonia is evolved. group NH4+ ions is
When a glass rod dipped in confirmed
conc.HCl is introduced in the
mouth of test tube , dense
white fumes are observed

RESULT: The given simple salt contains


1.​ Anion- Phosphate ion (PO43-)
2.​ Cation- Ammonium ion (NH4+)
3.​ Salt - Ammonium Phosphate (NH4)3PO4
**********
VELAMMAL VIDHYASHRAM, SURAPET

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