Fanpage: Write with Travis

https://bit.ly/4hl5dOp

PREFACE

Hey everyone! I'm Thanh Nguyen, and you might know me from my Facebook page,
Write with Travis. I'm really excited to share this free resource with you. It's all about
boosting your speaking vocabulary for the IELTS, and it's based on what's actually
worked for me. I've consistently scored 8.5 in IELTS Speaking, with a solid 9 in Lexical
Resource, using this exact approach. So, I'm pretty confident it can help you too.

Inside, you'll find the vocabulary I regularly use in my own IELTS speaking answers,
covering lots of different topics. For each word or phrase, I'll not only explain what it
means but also show you how it fits into a real IELTS speaking question. This way, you'll
see how to use it naturally and effectively.

At the end of each topic, there are some practice speaking questions. This is your
opportunity to put what you've learned to the test. Make a conscious effort to
incorporate the new vocabulary into your answers. Suggested answers are provided on
the following page for each set of questions. However, remember that the most valuable
learning comes from your own practice. Be sure to try answering the questions
independently before reviewing the suggested responses. This will help you identify
areas where you may need further work and solidify your understanding of the
vocabulary.

I genuinely hope this resource helps you on your IELTS journey. Good luck, and happy
studying

TOPIC 1: MONEY

Making decisions, especially financial ones, can feel like navigating a maze with no
clear exit. For some, money burns a hole in their pocket, leading them to splash out
on the latest gadgets or fork out for luxury items without a second thought.
These financially naive individuals often pay through the nose for things they don’t
need, falling victim to rip-offs and ending up in the red. They might run up a bill or
debt, living from hand to mouth as they struggle to make ends meet. On the other
hand, financially savvy decision-makers know how to tighten their belts when
necessary. They haggle for better deals, avoid lining the pockets of overpriced retailers,
and scrimp and save to build a nest egg for the future.

For those who choose to live on a shoestring, every decision is calculated. They
might cough up for essentials but resist the urge to splurge on frivolities. By staying in
the black, they ensure financial stability, even when times are tough. Whether it’s
deciding to invest wisely or cutting back on unnecessary expenses, the key lies in
balancing immediate desires with long-term goals. After all, the art of decision-making
isn’t just about spending—it’s about creating a life where financial freedom and peace of
mind go hand in hand.

Cough up

[phrasal verb] reluctantly give something, especially money, that you don't want to give.
It implies a sense of being forced or pressured to pay or give something up.

Example

Q: Have you bought anything expensive recently?

A: Hmm, let me think... Oh, yeah, I had to cough up for a new phone last month. My old
one fell and the screen cracked. It was a bit painful, but I needed a working phone, so I
had no choice.

Splash out on

[phrasal verb] spend money freely or extravagantly on something, especially something

considered a luxury or a treat
Example
Q: What do you usually do to celebrate special occasions?

A: Well, it depends on the occasion, really. But I often like to go out for a nice meal with
friends or family. And, you know, sometimes I'll splash out on a special gift for the
person we're celebrating.

Fork out

[phrasal verb] pay for something

Example 1

Q: Have you bought anything expensive recently?

A: Hmm, let me think. Oh, yeah, I had to fork out for a new laptop a few weeks ago. My
old one finally gave up the ghost. It was a bit of a pain having to spend so much money,
but I needed it for my studies.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that young people are good at managing their finances?

A: It's hard to say, really. I think some young people are quite financially savvy, but
others, well, they might need a bit more guidance. It's easy to get caught up in the
moment and fork out for things you don't really need, especially with all the temptations
of online shopping and advertising.

Financially savvy

[collocation] having a good understanding of how money works and being able to
manage your finances effectively

Example

Q: Did your parents teach you about managing money?

A: Yeah, they did, actually. They always emphasized the importance of

being financially savvy, you know, budgeting, saving, and not getting into debt. I'm
really grateful for their guidance.

Financially naive

[collocation] lacking experience and awareness of financial matters

Example

Q: Did your parents teach you about managing money when you were younger?

A: Not really, no. I guess I was quite financially naive growing up. I didn't really
understand the value of money or the importance of saving. I'm learning now, though,
through experience... and a few mistakes along the way!

Pay through the nose

[idiom] paying an excessive or exorbitant amount of money for something. It implies that
you've been overcharged.
Example

Q: Do you think that tourism has a positive or negative impact on a country?

A: It's a bit of both, I think. On the one hand, tourism can bring in much-needed revenue
and create jobs. But on the other hand, it can also lead to inflated prices and
exploitation. You know, sometimes tourists end up paying through the nose for things
that locals would get for a fraction of the price.

Rip off

[phrasal verb] overcharge someone or to cheat them out of their money

Example 1

Q: Do you ever buy things online?

A: Yeah, all the time! It's so convenient, isn't it? But you have to be careful, you know,
because sometimes you can get ripped off. I always try to check reviews and compare
prices before I buy anything online.
Example 2

Q: Do you prefer to shop at local markets or big supermarkets?

A: It depends, really. I like the atmosphere of local markets, but sometimes I feel like
they try to rip you off, especially if you're a tourist. So, I usually try to haggle a bit to get
a fair price.

Haggle
[verb] negotiate a price, usually in a persistent or even aggressive way, in order to
reach a better deal
Example

Q: What are some of the differences between shopping online and shopping in physical
stores?

A: Well, one of the main differences is the ability to haggle, I think. In physical stores,
you can often negotiate a lower price, especially in smaller shops or markets. But
online, it's usually a fixed price. Although, you can sometimes find discount codes or
special offers.

Line your pockets

[idiom] make a lot of money, often through dishonest or unethical means

Example 1

Q: What kind of career are you hoping to pursue?

A: Well, I'm interested in a career that's both challenging and rewarding. I want to make
a positive impact on the world, not just line my pockets. You know, I want to feel like
I'm contributing to something meaningful.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that businesses have a responsibility to be ethical?

A: Absolutely. I think businesses have a responsibility to act in a way that benefits

society, not just their own bottom line. They shouldn't just be focused on lining their
pockets, you know? They need to consider the impact of their actions on their
employees, their customers, and the environment.

Run up a bill/debt

[phrasal verb] accumulate a large debt or bill, usually through excessive spending or
borrowing

Example 1

Q: Do you use a credit card?

A: Yeah, I do. It's convenient, you know, for online shopping and emergencies. But I try
to be careful not to run up a huge bill that I can't pay off.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that governments should do more to educate people about financial
literacy?

A: Definitely. I think it's important for people to understand how to manage their money
effectively. You know, things like budgeting, saving, and investing. If people are more
financially literate, they're less likely to run up debts and get into financial difficulty.

Scrimp and save

[collocation] to be very careful with money and to avoid spending it unnecessarily.
Example 1

Q: Do you have any financial goals?

A: Well, I'm hoping to travel the world someday, so I'm trying to scrimp and save as
much as I can. It's going to take a while, but I'm determined to make it happen.
Example 2

Q: What are some of the challenges that people face when trying to save money?

A: Well, I think one of the biggest challenges is the rising cost of living, obviously. It can
be really difficult to scrimp and save when everything is so expensive. And, you know,
there are also temptations everywhere, with advertising and marketing constantly
encouraging us to spend.

Tighten your belt

[ idiom] reduce your spending or to live more frugally

Compare: While both "tighten your belt" and "scrimp and save" convey the idea of
being frugal, "tighten your belt" often implies a temporary measure in response to a
specific financial challenge, whereas "scrimp and save" suggests a more long-term or
habitual approach to saving money.
Example

Q: Do you think that governments should do more to help people who are struggling
financially?

A: Definitely. I think it's important for governments to provide support to those who are
struggling. You know, things like affordable housing initiatives or subsidies for essential
goods and services can make a big difference. It can be really tough for people
to tighten their belts any further when they're already struggling to make ends meet.

Nest egg

[noun] a sum of money saved for a specific purpose

Example

Q: Do you think that people are less likely to save money these days?

A: It's hard to say, really. I think there are a lot of temptations to spend money, especially
with online shopping and advertising. But, you know, I also think that people are
becoming more aware of the importance of financial security and having a nest egg for
the future.
In the red
[idiom] be in debt or losing money

Example

Q: Are you good at managing your money?

A: I try to be, yeah. I mean, I'm not perfect, but I'm generally pretty good at budgeting
and making sure I'm not in the red. I don't like the feeling of being in debt, so I try to
avoid it.

In the black

[idiom] be profitable or have a positive balance

Example

Q: Do you think that governments should do more to support small businesses?

A: Definitely. I think small businesses are the backbone of the economy, and they create
a lot of jobs. Governments should provide support and incentives to help them get
started and stay in the black. It's good for everyone in the long run.

Money burns a hole in your pocket

[idiom] have a tendency to spend money quickly as soon as you get it, rather than
saving it. It implies a lack of self-control when it comes to spending.

Example 1
Q: Why do you think some people find it difficult to save money?

A: Well, I think there are a lot of temptations, especially these days with advertising and
social media constantly encouraging us to spend. And, you know, for some people, it's
just a matter of self-control. If money burns a hole in your pocket, it can be hard to
resist those impulses.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that consumerism is a problem in today's society?

A: Definitely. I think there's a lot of pressure to buy things we don't really need. And, you
know, the whole 'buy now, pay later' culture can be really dangerous. It encourages
people to spend beyond their means, and it can lead to debt. It's like money is burning
a hole in everyone's pocket.

Live from hand to mouth

[idiom] have barely enough money to survive

Example

Q: Do you think that the gap between the rich and the poor is widening?

A: Unfortunately, it seems that way. You know, while some people are accumulating vast
wealth, others are struggling to make ends meet and living from hand to mouth. It's a
worrying trend.
On a shoestring

[idiom] having a very small budget or very little money to do something

Example 1

Q: Do you enjoy cooking?

A: I do, actually. Especially when I can create something delicious with just a few simple
ingredients. You know, it's quite satisfying to cook on a shoestring and still make a
tasty meal.
Example 2

Q: Do you think that young people are good at managing their finances?

A: It really varies, I think. Some young people are quite financially savvy, but others,
well, they might need a bit more guidance. It can be tough to live on a shoestring,
especially when you're just starting out and have limited income.

Now, try using the vocabulary we've just covered when answering the following
IELTS Speaking Part 3 questions:
Financial management
 • Why do you think managing money is more important now than it was in the
past?

• How can bad money management affect a person’s life?

Financial literacy

• Who do you think should teach young people about managing money—parents,
schools, or the government?

• Do you think all students should be required to learn about managing money?

• How can schools make learning about money management more interesting for
students?

Using technologies in managing money

• How does social media affect the way people learn about managing money?

• How can smart technology and data help people make better money decisions?

• What problems can happen if people depend too much on technology to learn
about managing money?

Try answering these questions yourself before checking the suggested answers on the
next page.

Suggested answer

Why do you think managing money is more important now than it was in the
past?

Well, nowadays, it's increasingly crucial to be financially savvy. Back then, life was
simpler, and folks weren't bombarded with the same consumerist pressures. Now, it's so
easy to run up a bill with credit cards and online shopping. Plus, with the rising cost of
living, you can't just live from hand to mouth anymore. Building a nest egg is more
important than ever, especially with economic uncertainties looming.

How can bad money management affect a person’s life?

Poor financial management can really throw a wrench in your plans. If you're constantly
in the red, you'll be living on a shoestring, constantly stressed about bills. It can affect
your relationships, your health, and your overall well-being. Frankly, being financially
naive can put you in a bind and even lead to serious debt. Nobody wants to pay through
the nose for things because they haven't managed their finances well. It's a slippery
slope, and it can be hard to climb out of the hole.
Who do you think should teach young people about managing money—parents,
schools, or the government?

Well, it's a bit of a team effort, isn't it? Parents should lay the groundwork early, teaching
kids about saving and spending. Schools can then build on that foundation, providing
more formal financial literacy education. The government, perhaps, can play a
supporting role by creating resources and promoting financial awareness. Frankly,
everyone has a stake in ensuring young people don't end up financially naive.

Do you think all students should be required to learn about managing money?
Frankly, requiring all students to learn about money management isn't just a good
idea—it's downright essential. We're not talking about lining anyone's pockets here;
we're talking about equipping young people to navigate a complex financial world. How
can we expect them to avoid running up a bill or living from hand to mouth if they're
financially naive? It's a recipe for disaster. If we don't teach them to scrimp and save
and build a nest egg, they'll be paying through the nose for their financial illiteracy later
in life. It's high time we stopped treating financial literacy as an optional extra and
started treating it as the fundamental life skill it is. Otherwise, we're setting them up to
fail. It's a no-brainer, isn't it?

How can schools make learning about money management more interesting for
students?

Well, nobody wants to cough up for a boring class! Schools could use real-life
scenarios, like budgeting for a trip or investing in stocks. They could even use games
and simulations to make learning more interactive and engaging. Basically, anything
that makes learning about money less like a chore and more like a hands-on
experience.

How does social media affect the way people learn about managing money?
Social media can be a bit of a mixed bag when it comes to financial literacy. On the one
hand, you might find some financially savvy influencers sharing helpful tips. On the
other hand, you're constantly bombarded with ads tempting you to splash out on things
you don't need, making it harder to tighten your belt. It can easily lead to a keeping up
with the Joneses mentality, encouraging people to run up a bill instead of scrimping and
saving. Plus, not everything you see online is credible, so it's easy to be misled. It's a
tricky landscape to navigate, really.

How can smart technology and data help people make better money decisions?

Smart technology can be a real game-changer. Budgeting apps can track your
spending, helping you see where your money is going and identify areas where you can
cut back. Data analytics can provide personalized financial advice, helping you make
informed investment decisions and build a nest egg. Basically, it can take the
guesswork out of money management, making it easier to stay in the black.

What problems can happen if people depend too much on technology to learn
about managing money?

Well, relying too heavily on technology can be a double-edged sword. If you become
overly dependent on apps and algorithms, you might never develop a gut feeling for
good money management. Plus, what happens if the technology fails or you lose your
data? You could be left financially naive and vulnerable. It's important to remember that
technology is a tool, not a replacement for financial education. You still need to get to
grips with the fundamentals yourself.
TOPIC 2: DECISION-MAKING

Making important decisions is rarely a walk in the park; it's often a complex process of
weighing options and anticipating consequences. Sometimes, you’re faced with a tricky
situation where you have to choose the lesser of two evils, neither option being
particularly appealing. In such cases, it’s crucial to avoid a knee-jerk reaction that
could land you in hot water. Instead, it’s wise to sleep on it, giving yourself time
to mull things over, to really chew something over and consider all the angles.
A well-thought-out strategy is always preferable to an impulsive decision. However,
even with careful deliberation, it’s essential to be vigilant. A seemingly small
compromise might be a slippery slope, leading to unintended and negative outcomes.
Similarly, a single act of betrayal, a real wrecking ball to trust, can irreparably
damage relationships. Therefore, it’s sometimes necessary to stick to your guns and
refuse to compromise on core principles, even if it means confronting difficult situations
and nipping potentially harmful developments in the bud before they escalate.

Knee-jerk reaction

[collocation] an immediate, automatic, and often unthinking reaction to something,

especially a sudden or unexpected event. It's often used in a negative context, implying
that the reaction was impulsive, poorly considered, and potentially inappropriate

Example 1

Q: Do you think it's important to think carefully before making a decision?

A: Oh, absolutely. I mean, I try to avoid making knee-jerk reactions, you know? I think
it's important to take a step back, consider all the angles, before jumping to conclusions.
Otherwise, you might end up regretting it.

Example 2
Q: Do you ever get angry?
A: Well, yeah, everyone does occasionally, I suppose. But I try not to let my anger get
the better of me. I try not to have a knee-jerk reaction and say something I'll regret
later. I try to, you know, take a deep breath and calm down before responding.

Well-thought-out

[adj] carefully considered or planned

Example

Q: Do you think governments should invest more in long-term planning?

A: Definitely. I think long-term planning is absolutely crucial for any government. You
know, things like infrastructure, education, environmental policy – these things
require well-thought-out strategies that consider the long-term impact. It's not enough
to just focus on short-term gains.

The lesser of two evils

[idiom] choosing the less unpleasant or harmful option when faced with two undesirable
choices

Example 1

Q: Do you prefer to make decisions quickly or to take your time?

A: Hmm, I suppose it depends on the situation, really. If it's a really important decision, I
definitely like to mull it over, you know, weigh up the pros and cons. But sometimes,
you're faced with, like, two not-so-great options, and you just have to pick the lesser of
two evils, so to speak, and move on. You can't always have the perfect solution.

Example 2

Q: Do you think politicians always make the best decisions for their country?
A: Well, that's a bit of a loaded question, isn't it? I mean, I'd like to think they do, but,
realistically, sometimes they're faced with really difficult choices where there are no
easy answers. It's often a case of choosing the lesser of two evils, you know, trying to
minimize the negative impact on the population. It's a tough job, to be fair.

Alternative expressions in formal contexts

The less detrimental course Faced with two unpopular policies, the government
of action chose the lesser of two evils.

🡺 Faced with two unpopular policies, the government

opted for the less detrimental course of action.
 Prioritize damage limitation In this situation, it was a matter of choosing the lesser
of two evils.

🡺 In this situation, prioritizing damage limitation was

the most prudent approach.

Mull something over

[phrasal verb] think carefully about something for a period of time

~ chew something over

Example 1
Q: Do you enjoy planning for the future?

A: Yeah, I do, actually. I think it's important to have some idea of where you're headed.
But I also try to be flexible, you know, because things don't always go according to plan.
But, yeah, I do like to, sort of, mull over different possibilities for the future and see
what might work out.

Example 2

Q: Do you find it easy to make up your mind?

A: Not always, no. I can be a bit indecisive sometimes, especially when it's a tough
choice. I tend to mull things over quite a bit, you know, weigh up the pros and cons,
talk it over with someone if I can. I don't like to rush into things.

Example 3

Q: Do you think people spend enough time reflecting on their experiences?

A: Hmm, that's an interesting question. I'm not so sure, to be honest. I think a lot of
people are just caught up in the daily grind, you know, they're always busy, always
rushing around. And they don't really take the time to mull over what they've been
through, to learn from their mistakes or appreciate their successes. I think it's really
important to do that, though.

Alternative expressions in formal contexts

Deliberate The committee mulled over the proposed changes to

the curriculum.

🡺 The committee deliberated on the proposed changes

to the curriculum.

Careful consideration After mulling it over, she decided to accept the offer.
 🡺 After careful consideration, she decided to accept the
offer.

Sleep on something

[phrasal verb] postpone making a decision about something until the next day, giving
yourself time to think about it overnight

Example 1

Q: Do you think that technology has made it easier or harder for people to make
decisions?
A: That's an interesting point. On the one hand, we have access to so much information
now, which can be helpful. But on the other hand, it can also be overwhelming. There's
just so much to process. So, I think it's even more important now to disconnect
sometimes and, you know, just sleep on it. Give your brain a chance to process
everything without all the digital noise.

Example 2

Q: How do you think people can improve their decision-making skills?

A: I think it's important to learn from past experiences, to reflect on what went well and
what didn't. And, you know, when faced with a tough decision, don't feel pressured to
decide right away. It's perfectly okay to say, 'I need to sleep on it.' Giving yourself that
time can really help you make a more informed and considered choice.

Land someone in hot water

[idiom] implies that the person is now facing criticism, reprimands, or even more serious
consequences due to their actions or words

Example 1
Q: Do you think the media has too much power?

A: Hmm, that's a tricky one. I think the media plays a vital role in keeping people
informed, but, you know, sometimes they can be a bit sensationalist, can't they? And
that can lead to people making rash judgments or even landing themselves in hot
water by saying things they later regret on social media, for instance.

Example 2

Q: Do you think it's important for politicians to be transparent?

A: Oh, definitely. Transparency is absolutely crucial for maintaining public trust. If

politicians aren't transparent, if they try to hide things or mislead the public, they can
quickly land themselves in hot water. And rightly so, I think. People expect honesty
and integrity from their leaders.

Stick to one’s guns

[idiom] maintain one's stance or opinion firmly, even when faced with opposition or
criticism

Example 1

Q: Do you find it difficult to change your mind?

A: Hmm, I wouldn't say I'm completely inflexible, but I do like to be thorough in my
thinking. So, if I've really thought something through and I'm convinced I'm right, then,
yeah, I'll stick to my guns. But I'm also open to changing my mind if someone presents
a really compelling argument.

Example 2

Q: Do you think it's important for politicians to be decisive?

A: Absolutely. I think decisiveness is essential for good leadership. You know, people
expect their leaders to make clear decisions and stick to their guns, especially in
difficult times. If a leader is constantly changing their mind, it can really undermine
public confidence.

Irreparably damage trust

[collocation] damage trust in a way that cannot be repaired or restored

Example 1

Q: Have you ever had a disagreement with a friend?

A: Well, yeah, I think everyone has disagreements with friends from time to time. But,
thankfully, I've never had a disagreement that's, like, irreparably damaged our
friendship. We usually manage to talk things through and resolve the issue. But, I can
imagine if there was a serious betrayal of trust, it could really do some lasting damage.

Example 2

Q: What do you think are the consequences of dishonesty in politics?

A: Well, I think dishonesty in politics can have really serious consequences. I mean, if
politicians are caught lying or misleading the public, it can irreparably damage trust in
the government and in the political system as a whole. And once that trust is eroded, it's
very difficult to rebuild it.

wrecking ball to something

[idiom] severely damage or destroy something

Example 1

Q: What qualities do you look for in a good friend?

A: Hmm, well, loyalty and honesty are definitely top of the list. Because, you know,
without those, it's easy for things to go south pretty quickly. A betrayal of trust can be a
total wrecking ball, and it's hard to recover from that kind of damage.
Example 2
Q: How important is trust in business relationships?

A: Trust is absolutely essential, I think. It's the foundation of any successful business
partnership. If a company acts unethically or breaks its promises, it can be a
real wrecking ball to trust with its clients, its suppliers, and even its own employees.
And, well, once that trust is destroyed, it's incredibly difficult to get it back, and it can
really impact the bottom line.

A slippery slope

[idiom] suggests that once you start down a certain path, it becomes progressively
harder to stop, and you'll end up in a worse situation than you initially anticipated

Example 1

Q: Do you think it's important to have clear rules and boundaries?

A: Oh, definitely. I think clear rules are essential, especially for young people. Because,
you know, if you don't have clear boundaries, it can be a bit of a slippery slope. You
start with one small thing, and then it can lead to bigger and bigger problems down the
line.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that small acts of corruption can lead to bigger problems?

A: Oh, absolutely. I think even small acts of corruption can be incredibly damaging.
Because it's a slippery slope, isn't it? You start with something small, and then it
becomes easier to justify bigger and bigger acts of dishonesty. And before you know it,
you've got a culture of corruption. So, I think it's really important to nip these things in
the bud right from the start.

Nip something in the bud

[idiom] stop something (usually something negative) from developing or becoming a
problem by taking action at an early stage
Example 1

Q: What do you think are the best ways to prevent conflict in the workplace?

A: I think good communication is absolutely key. You know, if there are any signs of
tension or disagreement, it's important to address them immediately. It's best to nip any
potential conflicts in the bud before they disrupt the whole team.

Example 2
Q: Do you think governments are doing enough to address climate change?

A: I think some governments are taking it more seriously than others. But, you know, I
think it’s crucial to take decisive action now. We need to nip this problem in the
bud before it’s too late and the consequences become irreversible.

Life often throws us curveballs, forcing us to think on our feet and make tough calls. I
remember standing at a crossroads, torn between sticking to a safe but unfulfilling job
or taking the plunge into a risky startup venture. At first, I was tempted to duck the
issue, avoiding the decision altogether, but deep down, I knew I couldn’t chicken
out forever. My gut was screaming at me to go with my gut feeling, even though it
meant I’d have to bite the bullet and face potential failure. In the end, I decided to call
the shots and take control of my future, knowing that if things went south, I wouldn’t
need to have a scapegoat—I’d own every outcome, good or bad.

Bite the bullet

[idiom] face a difficult or unpleasant situation with courage and acceptance, even
though you would rather avoid it

Example 1

Q: Do you enjoy trying new things?

A: Well, it depends, really. Some new things are exciting, but others, you know, they can
be a bit daunting. Like, learning a new language, for example. It can be tough at times,
but you just have to bite the bullet and keep going, I suppose.

Example 2

Q: What are some of the challenges of living in a big city?

A: Well, there are quite a few, actually. Things like the high cost of living, the traffic, the
noise... It can be a bit overwhelming sometimes. But, you know, if you choose to live in
a big city, you just have to bite the bullet and accept these downsides. They’re kind of
part of the package, I guess.

Call the shots

[idiom] in control and make the decisions

Example 1

Q: Do you prefer working independently or as part of a team?

A: Well, it depends on the project, really. Sometimes it's nice to collaborate with others,
but other times I prefer to be the one calling the shots, you know, making the key
decisions and taking the lead.
Example 2

Q: What are some of the challenges of being a manager?

A: Well, there are quite a few, I suppose. I think one of the biggest challenges is having
to call the shots, you know, making tough decisions that might affect other people. It’s
not always easy to balance the needs of the business with the needs of the employees.

Be at a crossroads

[idiom] means to be at a point in one's life or in a situation where one has to make a
very important decision that will have a significant impact on the future
Example 1

Q: Are you currently studying or working?

A: Well, I recently finished university, so I'm kind of at a crossroads right now. I'm trying
to decide whether to look for a full-time job or pursue further studies. It's a pretty big
decision, so I'm taking my time to consider all my options.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that technology has made it easier or harder for people to make
important decisions?
A: It's a bit of both, I think. On the one hand, we have access to so much more
information now, which can be helpful. But on the other hand, there are so many more
options available, which can make decisions even more difficult. It can feel like you're
constantly at a crossroads, trying to navigate all the different possibilities.

Think on one’s feet

[idiom] implies an ability to think clearly and make good decisions under pressure,
without much time to prepare

Example 1

Q: Do you prefer to plan things in advance or be spontaneous?

A: Well, it depends, really. For some things, I like to have a plan, but I also think it's
important to be able to think on your feet, you know, to adapt to unexpected changes
or situations that might arise.

Example 2

Q: What qualities do you think are important for success in business?

A: Well, there are lots of things, but I think the ability to think on your feet is definitely
important, especially in a fast-paced business environment. You know, you might have
to deal with unexpected market changes or competitive pressures, and you need to be
able to react quickly and effectively.

Go with one’s gut feeling

[idiom] make a decision based on intuition or instinct rather than logic or reason

Example 1

Q: Do you think it's important to trust your instincts?

A: Oh, absolutely. I think instincts can be really valuable, especially in situations where
you don't have a lot of time to think things through. Sometimes you just have to go with
your gut feeling, and it often turns out to be the right decision.

Example 2

Q: What do you think influences people's decisions?

A: Well, I think a lot of things influence our decisions. Things like our past experiences,
our values, our emotions… And, you know, sometimes it's not even a conscious
decision. Sometimes you just go with your gut feeling, especially in social situations
or when you're dealing with people.

Take the plunge

[idiom] make a decision to do something, especially something that requires courage or

involves a risk, after a period of hesitation

Example 1

Q: Have you ever tried any extreme sports?

A: No, not really. I’m not much of a daredevil, to be honest. I’ve thought about trying
skydiving once or twice, but I just haven’t been able to take the plunge yet. It seems a
bit too scary for me, I suppose.

Example 2

Q: Do you think it’s important for young people to travel abroad?

A: Yeah, I think it can be a really enriching experience. But, you know, it can also be a
bit intimidating, especially if you’re traveling alone for the first time. I think it takes a lot
of courage to take the plunge and go to a completely new country. But I think it’s worth
it in the end.
Daredevil

[n] describes someone who enjoys taking risks and doing dangerous things

Example 1

Q: Do you think that young people are more likely to take risks than older people?

A: Hmm, I think that’s probably true, to some extent. I think younger people are often
more adventurous and less afraid of taking risks. They might be more likely to engage
in daredevil activities, you know, things like extreme sports or skydiving. But, well, I
guess it varies from person to person.
Example 2
Q: What do you think motivates people to take risks?

A: Well, I think it’s a combination of factors. Some people are just naturally more drawn
to excitement and adrenaline. They might be real daredevils who thrive on taking risks.
For others, it might be about seeking a sense of achievement or pushing their limits. It
depends on the individual, I suppose.

Pass the buck

[phrase] avoid responsibility by shifting blame or accountability to someone else

Example
Q: Do you think that politicians are good at taking responsibility for their mistakes?

A: Hmm, that’s a tricky one. I think some politicians are good at owning up to their
errors, but others, well, they seem to be more interested in passing the buck, you
know, blaming their advisors or previous administrations. It’s not a very admirable
quality, is it?

Duck the issue

[phrase] avoid dealing with a difficult or controversial topic or problem

Example 1

Q: Do you think it's important to be honest, even when it's difficult?

A: Oh, absolutely. I think honesty is crucial. Even though it can be tempting to duck the
issue and avoid a difficult conversation, it's usually better to be upfront and honest,
even if it's uncomfortable.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that social media has made it easier or harder to have open and honest
discussions about important issues?
A: It's a bit of a mixed bag, I think. On the one hand, it provides a platform for people to
express their views. But on the other hand, it can also create echo chambers where
people only hear opinions that agree with their own. And, you know, sometimes people
use social media to duck the issue by spreading misinformation or attacking opposing
viewpoints instead of engaging in constructive dialogue.

Chicken out

[phrasal verb] decide not to do something because you are too frightened or scared

Example 1
Q: Do you enjoy trying new things?

A: Yeah, generally I do. I think it's important to push yourself outside of your comfort
zone. But, um, I have to admit, I nearly chickened out of going skydiving last year. The
thought of jumping out of a plane was, well, pretty terrifying! But I did it in the end, and it
was amazing!

Example 2

Q: Why do you think some people are afraid to take risks?

A: Well, I suppose fear of failure is a big one. People don't want to put themselves out
there and then, you know, fall flat on their face. It's easier to stay in your comfort zone,
isn't it? And I guess, for some, the perceived consequences of taking a risk might seem
too high. They might worry about losing money, or damaging their reputation. So, yeah,
it's easier to just chicken out and stick with what you know, even if it means missing out
on potential opportunities.

Have a scapegoat

[phrase] have someone who is blamed for something bad that has happened, even
though they may not be responsible

Example 1

Q: How do you deal with conflicts in your daily life?

A: Well, I try to address them head-on, you know? I think it's important to communicate
openly and honestly. Sometimes, though, I've noticed people try to have a
scapegoat when things go wrong, rather than, um, actually trying to resolve the issue.
That can be really frustrating.

Example 2
Q: Why do you think some people find it difficult to admit when they are wrong?

A: Hmm, that's a good question. I suppose it's a pride thing, isn't it? Nobody likes to be
wrong. And, you know, in some situations, maybe there are serious consequences to
admitting fault. So, it's tempting to, well, try to deflect blame and, you know, have a
scapegoat lined up, even if it's not really justified. It's a way of protecting themselves, I
guess, but it's not exactly ethical, is it?

Weasel / wriggle out of smt

[phrasal verb] avoid doing something that one has agreed to do or is expected to do,
often by using excuses or deception
Example 1
Q: Do you always keep your promises?

A: Well, I try to, yeah. I think it's important to be a person of your word. But, you know,
sometimes things come up, and it can be tempting to try and weasel out of a
commitment. But I generally try to avoid doing that.

Example 2

Q: Have you ever had to cancel plans at the last minute?

A: Oh, yeah, it happens sometimes. I mean, sometimes things are unavoidable, like if
you get sick or something. But I always try to give as much notice as possible. I don't
like to wriggle out of things at the last minute unless it's absolutely necessary.
Now, try using the vocabulary we've just covered when answering the following
IELTS Speaking Part 3 questions:

Making decisions

• Do you think decisions made by groups are better than decisions made by one
person?

• What factors do people think about when making important decisions for
themselves?

• Why do you think some people find it hard to make decisions?

• How is making decisions for a family different from making decisions for yourself?

• Do you agree or disagree that parents should always make decisions for their
children?

Modern technologies in assisting decision-making

• What role do social media platforms play in influencing people’s decisions?

• Do you agree or disagree that people rely too much on technology when making
decisions?

• What problems can happen if people depend too much on technology for
important decisions?

• Do you think technology can ever replace human decision-making?

• How do you think decision-making with technology will change in the future?

Lying and promising

• Why do people sometimes lie, even when they know it’s wrong?
 • Do you agree or disagree that it’s okay to lie in certain situations?

• Do you think children should always be told to never lie?

Try answering these questions yourself before checking the suggested answers on the
next page.

Suggested answer

Do you think decisions made by groups are better than decisions made by one
person?

Well, it's not always a black and white situation. Group decisions can benefit from
diverse perspectives and nip potential problems in the bud, but they can also be slower
and more prone to compromise. Sometimes, a single, decisive leader can call the shots
more effectively, especially in a crisis. It really depends on the context, doesn't it?

What factors do people think about when making important decisions for
themselves?

When making big decisions, people often mull things over for ages. They weigh the pros
and cons, consider the potential consequences, and maybe even sleep on it. They
might go with their gut feeling or try to make a well-thought-out decision based on logic.
Ultimately, they're trying to choose the lesser of two evils and avoid landing themselves
in hot water.

Why do you think some people find it hard to make decisions?

Some people are afraid of making the wrong choice and irreparably damaging
something important. They might chicken out at the last minute or try to pass the buck
to someone else. It's easy to get paralyzed by fear, especially when faced with a
slippery slope or a decision that feels like a wrecking ball to their future.
How is making decisions for a family different from making decisions for
yourself?

Decisions for a family involve considering the needs and wants of multiple people, not
just yourself. You have to balance everyone's interests and try to make a decision that
benefits the whole family. It's a much bigger responsibility, and you can't just go with
your gut feeling without thinking about how it will affect everyone else.

Do you agree or disagree that parents should always make decisions for their
children?

I disagree. While parents need to guide their children, they should also empower them
to make their own choices, even small ones. It's a crucial part of growing up and
learning to think on one's feet. If parents always call the shots, children will never learn
to make responsible decisions for themselves. It's all about finding the right balance
between guidance and independence.

What role do social media platforms play in influencing people’s decisions?

Social media platforms have a huge influence. They can shape opinions, sway
purchasing decisions, and even influence political views. Algorithms curate what we
see, creating echo chambers and reinforcing biases. It's a powerful tool, and it can be
used to nudge people towards certain choices, sometimes without them even realizing
it. Frankly, it's a bit of a slippery slope.
Do you agree or disagree that people rely too much on technology when making
decisions?

I think it's a bit of both. Technology can be incredibly helpful for gathering information
and analyzing data, leading to more well-thought-out decisions. However, over-reliance
can lead to a lack of critical thinking and an inability to think on one's feet when
technology fails. It's about finding a balance.

What problems can happen if people depend too much on technology for
important decisions?

If people become too reliant on technology, they can lose their ability to make sound
judgments independently. They might duck the issue of personal responsibility and
simply pass the buck to the algorithm. Plus, what happens when the technology is
wrong? They could end up landing themselves in hot water.

Do you think technology can ever replace human decision-making?

I’d doubt it. While technology can process data and offer suggestions, it can't replicate
human intuition, empathy, and ethical considerations. There will always be situations
where human judgment is essential, especially when dealing with complex social or
emotional factors. It's not about replacing humans; it's about augmenting our abilities.
How do you think decision-making with technology will change in the future?

I think we'll see more sophisticated AI and machine learning tools that can provide even
more personalized and accurate recommendations. Perhaps we'll even see technology
that can help us nip potential problems in the bud before they arise. However, the key
will be ensuring that humans remain in control and don't become slaves to the
technology.

Why do people sometimes lie, even when they know it’s wrong?

Well, sometimes people lie to save face or wriggle out of a sticky situation. They might
be afraid of the consequences of telling the truth, or they might want to avoid landing
someone in hot water. Sometimes, it's a knee-jerk reaction, a way to duck the issue in
the moment. Frankly, it can be a slippery slope; one little lie can lead to another.

Do you agree or disagree that it’s okay to lie in certain situations?

That's a tricky one. While honesty is generally the best policy, there might be rare
situations where a white lie is the lesser of two evils. For instance, if telling the truth
would irreparably damage trust or cause unnecessary pain, perhaps a little fudging is
justifiable. However, it's a delicate balancing act, and you have to mull things over
carefully.
Do you think children should always be told to never lie?

While honesty should be encouraged, telling children never to lie might be a bit
unrealistic. Children need to learn about the nuances of truth and deception, and how to
navigate social situations. It's more about teaching them the importance of honesty and
helping them understand the consequences of lying, rather than just issuing a blanket
ban. It's about fostering a sense of integrity, really.

TOPIC 3: RELATIONSHIP

Modern relationships often begin with the spark of connection, where two people hit it
off effortlessly, discovering they’re on the same wavelength. Take Mia and Alex, who
met at a crowded art exhibit. A shared love of abstract paintings helped them break the
ice, and soon they realized they were birds of a feather—both introverts who
cherished quiet nights in as much as spontaneous adventures. Mia felt she’d found a
kindred spirit in Alex, someone who’d always have her back. Their bond grew strong
as a rock, and for months, it was smooth sailing; they stayed in each other’s good
books by balancing independence with thoughtful gestures. But even the strongest
relationships aren’t immune to storms.

When life pressures mounted, their harmony began going south. A miscommunication
over finances left them at each other’s throats, and after having it out one tense
evening, they were not on speaking terms for days. The relationship hung by a
thread, teetering on thin ice as resentment festered. Mia considered throwing in the
towel, fearing they were dragging the relationship on, but Alex chose to go out on a
limb and patch things up. Over coffee, they practiced a healthy dose of empathy,
striving to walk a mile in each other’s shoes. They acknowledged how their efforts
had felt lopsided and vowed to burn bridges with old grudges. Though they’d drifted
apart, choosing to stick up for their love instead of calling it quits helped them
rebuild. Now, through thick and thin, they’re going from strength to strength,
proving that even when love hits a rough patch, it can stand the test of time—if both
are willing to dig in and fight.
A kindred spirit

[collocation] someone with whom you share a deep understanding, similar values,
interests, and goals

Example 1

Q: Do you have many close friends?

A: Well, I have a few really close friends, you know, people I can really connect with on
a deeper level. I think it's important to have those kindred spirits in your life, people
who really get you.
Example 2

Q: Do you think it's easier to make friends now than it was in the past?

A: I think in some ways it's easier, with social media and all the online communities. But
in other ways, it might be harder. It can be difficult to form really deep connections
online. It's easier to find kindred spirits when you're interacting with people face-to-
face, I think.

Birds of a feather flock together

[proverb] people with similar interests, personalities, backgrounds, or beliefs tend to

associate with each other

Example 1

Q: Do you have a lot of friends?

A: Yeah, I have a pretty wide circle of friends, I'd say. I mean, I have friends from school,
university, work, and my hobbies. It's funny how birds of a feather flock together, isn't
it? You tend to gravitate towards people who share similar interests.
Example 2
Q: Do you think that people are more divided now than they were in the past?

A: That's a tough question. I think in some ways, yes. It seems like people are more
likely to stick to their own echo chambers these days, you know, surrounding
themselves with people who share their views. I guess it's that birds of a feather
thing again. But, well, I also think there's a lot of potential for connection and
understanding across different groups. It's just a matter of finding common ground.

Hit it off

[phrasal verb] immediately get along well with someone

Example

Q: What do you think are the most important factors in forming strong friendships?

A: Well, I think shared interests are definitely important. But also, you know, having
similar values and a similar sense of humour. And sometimes, it's just about that initial
spark, that feeling when you hit it off with someone and you just know you're going to
be friends.

Break the ice

[idiom] do or say something to relieve tension or awkwardness at the beginning of a

conversation or social interaction, especially with people you don't know well
Example 1

Q: Do you ever feel shy or nervous in social situations?

A: Well, I suppose everyone feels a bit nervous sometimes, especially in a new

environment or with people you don't know. But I try to overcome that by, you know,
making an effort to break the ice. Maybe by asking a question or making a comment
about something we have in common.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that social skills are important for success in life?

A: Oh, definitely. I think being able to interact effectively with others is crucial in almost
every aspect of life, whether it's at work, in your personal relationships, or even just in
everyday interactions. And knowing how to break the ice and build rapport with people
is a big part of that.

On the same wavelength

[idiom] think in a similar way to someone else or to have the same opinions and
understanding about something

Example 1

Q: Do you think that technology has made it easier or harder for people to
communicate effectively?

A: It's a bit of both, I think. On the one hand, it's made it easier to stay in touch with
people. But on the other hand, it can sometimes be harder to really understand
someone's tone or intention online. It's easier to misinterpret things. So, while
technology can facilitate communication, I think it's still important to have those face-to-
face interactions where you can really see if you're on the same wavelength as
someone.
Example 2

Q: How would you describe your best friend?

A: Oh, she's amazing. We just get each other, you know? We're totally on the same
wavelength. We have the same sense of humour, similar interests, and we just click.
It's like we can read each other's minds sometimes.

Strong as a rock

means very strong and stable, like a rock. It can be used to describe both physical and
abstract things, such as relationships, beliefs, or organizations
Example

Q: Do you think that marriage is still as important today as it was in the past?

A: It's hard to say, really. I think marriage is still important to a lot of people, but it's not
necessarily seen as essential anymore. I think the most important thing is to have a
relationship that's strong as a rock, whether you're married or not.

Go from strength to strength

[idiom] becoming increasingly successful or strong

Example

Q: What are some of the challenges that couples face in maintaining a long-distance
relationship?

A: Oh, there are loads of challenges, obviously. The lack of physical proximity can be
tough, and it requires a lot of trust and communication. But, you know, I think if both
partners are committed and willing to put in the effort, long-distance relationships can
definitely work and even go from strength to strength.
Smooth sailing / Plain sailing
[idiom] going well and without any difficulties or problems

Example

Q: How has technology affected modern relationships?

A: Well, it's definitely changed the way people communicate and connect with each
other. It can be a double-edged sword, really. But I think if used in a healthy way,
technology can actually help to keep relationships on track and ensure smooth sailing.

In someone’s good books

[idiom] be in someone's favor or to have their approval
Example

Q: Do you have any siblings?

A: Yeah, I have a younger brother. We're pretty close, and we get along well most of the
time. I try to stay in his good books by being supportive and, you know, not teasing
him too much!

Patch things up

[phrasal verb] repair a damaged relationship or resolve a disagreement

Example
Q: Have you ever had a disagreement with a close friend?

A: Yeah, I think everyone has at some point. It's normal to have different opinions and
perspectives. But, you know, usually we manage to patch things up and move on. It's
important to be able to communicate openly and honestly.

Have someone’s back

[phrase] be there for them, to support and defend them, especially in difficult situations

Example 1

Q: Do you think that loyalty is an important quality in a friend?

A: Oh, absolutely. I think loyalty is essential in any close relationship, really. You need to
know that your friends have your back, that they'll be there for you through thick and
thin, you know? It's about trust and mutual support.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that people are less willing to help others these days?
A: Hmm, that's a tough one. I think it's hard to generalize, really. But, you know, it does
seem like sometimes people are more focused on themselves and their own needs. It
would be nice to see more people looking out for each other and having each other's
backs, especially in challenging times.

Through thick and thin

[idiom] stay loyal and supportive to someone or something during both good times and
bad times

Example 1

Q: How important is commitment in a marriage or long-term relationship?

A: I think commitment is crucial for a successful relationship. It's about being there for
each other through thick and thin, you know? Supporting each other through the
challenges and celebrating the successes together. It's about weathering the storms
together.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that people are less loyal these days than they were in the past?

A: That's a tough one. I think it's hard to generalize, really. But, you know, it does seem
like sometimes people are more focused on themselves and their own needs. It would
be nice to see more people valuing loyalty and sticking with their friends and
family through thick and thin.

Stand the test of time

[idiom] endure and remain strong or valuable over a long period, despite challenges and
changes

Example 1

Q: Do you have any childhood friends that you're still close to?

A: Yeah, I have a couple of friends from primary school that I'm still really close to. It's
amazing how some friendships can stand the test of time, isn't it? We've been through
so much together, and we're still going strong.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that long-distance friendships can be as strong as those where people
live close to each other?

A: I think it's definitely possible. It takes more effort, of course, to stay connected when
you're not physically close. But, you know, if the friendship is strong enough, it can
definitely stand the test of time and distance. It's about communication and
commitment, I suppose.

Stick up for someone

[phrasal verb] defend or support someone, especially when they are being criticized or
treated unfairly

Example 1

Q: Do you think it's important to be able to resolve conflicts with friends?

A: Definitely. I mean, disagreements are inevitable sometimes, aren't they? But it's how
you handle them that matters. It's important to be able to communicate openly and
honestly, and to stick up for yourself while also respecting the other person's
perspective.

Example 2

Q: How can friends support each other during difficult times?

A: Well, there are lots of ways, really. It could be just listening and offering a shoulder to
cry on, or it could be more practical help, like helping them move house or offering to
babysit. But I think one of the most important things is to stick up for them, you know, to
defend them and be in their corner, especially when they're feeling vulnerable.
A healthy dose of empathy
[collocation] have a good amount of empathy, which is the ability to understand and
share the feelings of others

Example

Q: Do you think that people are becoming more or less empathetic these days?

A: I think it's hard to say for sure. I mean, on the one hand, we have access to so much
information about what's happening in the world, which can increase our awareness of
other people's struggles. But on the other hand, it seems like there's also a lot of
negativity and division in the world. So, I think it's more important than ever to cultivate a
healthy dose of empathy and try to understand each other better.

Walk a mile in someone else's shoes

[idiom] try to understand someone else's experiences, perspectives, and feelings by

imagining yourself in their situation

Example 1

Q: Do you find it easy to forgive people?

A: Well, it depends on the situation, I suppose. But I think forgiveness is important. And
trying to walk a mile in the other person's shoes can definitely help you to understand
their actions and find a way to move forward.

Example 2

Q: How can teachers create a more inclusive classroom environment?

A: Well, I think it's important for teachers to be sensitive to the diverse needs and
backgrounds of their students. They need to be able to walk a mile in their students'
shoes and understand their individual challenges and perspectives. It's about creating a
space where everyone feels valued and respected.
Lopsided

[adj] describes something that is unbalanced or unequal, where one side or aspect is
significantly larger, stronger, or more prominent than the other

Example 1

Q: Do you prefer to have a few close friends or a large group of friends?

A: Hmm, I think I prefer having a smaller group of close friends, to be honest. I feel like
it's easier to maintain those relationships and have a deeper connection. I've seen some
friendships where it's quite lopsided, you know, one person puts in way more effort
than the other, and that doesn't seem very healthy or sustainable.
Example 2

Q: Have you ever had a friendship that ended badly?

A: Yeah, I think most people have at some point. I had a friendship once where it felt
quite lopsided. I was always the one making the effort to stay in touch and make plans,
and it just fizzled out eventually.

Go on a limb

[idiom] do or say something risky or something that others might not agree with, often to
support someone or defend a belief

Example

Q: What are some of the challenges of building trust in workplace relationships?

A: I think one of the challenges is that people can be quite guarded in professional
settings. It can be difficult to really let your guard down and be vulnerable. But I think it's
important to be willing to go out on a limb sometimes, to show your colleagues that
you trust and support them. It can help to build stronger relationships and a more
collaborative work environment.

At each other’s throats

[idiom] two people are arguing or fighting intensely

Example

Q: Do you think it's important to be able to resolve conflicts?

A: Oh, definitely. I think it's crucial to be able to communicate openly and honestly, and
to find ways to resolve disagreements peacefully. It's not healthy to be constantly at
each other's throats.
Have a falling out

[phrase] have a serious disagreement or argument that damages or ends a relationship

Example

Q: What are some of the common reasons why friendships end?

A: Well, I think there are lots of reasons, really. Sometimes people just drift apart, you
know, their lives go in different directions. Other times, it might be due to a betrayal of
trust or a major falling out over something. It's always sad when a friendship ends, but
it's just a part of life, I suppose.
Hit a rough patch

[idiom] go through a difficult or challenging period, often in a relationship or some

other ongoing situation

Example

Q: How would you describe your relationship with your family?

A: Well, we're very close. We've always supported each other, even when things haven't
been easy. Like any family, we've hit a few rough patches over the years, but we've
always come out stronger in the end.

Have it out with each other

two people have had a major argument or confrontation, usually with the intention of
resolving a conflict or expressing their feelings openly

Example

Q: What are some of the challenges that couples face in maintaining a long-term
relationship?
A: Well, there are loads of challenges, obviously. Communication is a big one, and so is
managing finances and different expectations. And, you know, life throws all sorts of
curveballs, which can create tension and conflict. It's important to be able to work
through those challenges together and find healthy ways to have it out with each
other when necessary.

Silent treatment

a way of dealing with conflict by refusing to speak to or acknowledge the other person

Example

Q: Do you think that social media has affected the way people argue?
A: It's definitely changed things, yeah. I mean, on the one hand, it can be easier to
communicate with people online and try to resolve misunderstandings. But on the other
hand, it can also be easier to misinterpret things or say things you regret online, which
can escalate conflicts. And, you know, sometimes people use social media to give each
other the silent treatment, which can be even more hurtful than in person.

Call it quits

[phrase] stop doing something, to end a relationship, or to give up on something

Example 1
Q: Do you think it's important to be able to compromise in relationships?
A: Oh, definitely. I think compromise is essential in any kind of relationship, really. But,
you know, there are also times when you have to recognize that it's just not working,
and it might be time to call it quits.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that people are more or less likely to stay in unhappy relationships
these days?

A: I think it's hard to generalize, really. But, you know, it does seem like people are
perhaps quicker to call it quits these days, maybe because there's less stigma around
divorce or ending relationships. But, well, I also think that people are more aware of the
importance of their own well-being, so they're less likely to stay in a situation that's
making them unhappy.

Not on speaking terms

[idiom] two people are so angry with each other that they refuse to speak to each other.
It implies a serious breakdown in communication and a high level of conflict.
Example

Q: What are some of the challenges that families face today?

A: Well, there are loads of challenges, obviously. Communication is a big one, and so is
managing different expectations and dealing with conflict. You know, sometimes families
can be really complicated, and it's not uncommon for family members to be not on
speaking terms for a period of time. It's sad, but it happens.

Dragging the relationship on

[adj] continue a relationship (whether romantic, friendship, or professional) even though

it's no longer healthy, fulfilling, or mutually beneficial
Example 1

Q: How do you know when it's time to end a friendship?

A: Hmm, that's a good question. I think it's different for everyone. But, you know, if
you're constantly feeling drained or unhappy in a friendship, or if you feel like you're
putting in more effort than the other person, it might be a sign that it's time to move on
rather than dragging the relationship on.

Example 2

Q: Do you think that social media has made it easier or harder to end relationships?
A: It's a bit of both, I think. On the one hand, it can be easier to just unfriend or block
someone online. But on the other hand, it can also make it harder to have those difficult
conversations and properly address the issues before calling it quits. Sometimes, it
might be tempting to just ghost someone online rather than dealing with the
awkwardness of dragging the relationship on.

Hang by a thread

[idiom] be in a very precarious or delicate state, where something could easily fail or
collapse

Example

Q: How can workplaces promote better communication and conflict resolution among
employees?

A: I think it's important for workplaces to foster a culture of open communication and
respect. They should also provide training and resources on conflict resolution skills.
And, you know, having a neutral third party, like a mediator or HR representative, can be
really helpful in situations where a working relationship is hanging by a thread and
needs some extra support to get back on track.
Bow out

[phrasal verb] gracefully withdraw or retire from a situation, competition, or relationship

Example

Q: Do you find it difficult to say no to people?

A: Well, it depends, really. If it's something I really don't want to do or don't have time
for, I can usually say no without too much difficulty. But, you know, sometimes it's
harder, especially if it's someone you care about. But I think it's important to be able
to bow out gracefully if you need to.
Cut off

[phrasal verb] abruptly end a relationship or communication with someone

Example

Q: Do you think that people are more or less likely to forgive others these days?

A: I think it depends on the situation and the individuals involved. But, you know, it does
seem like sometimes people are quicker to cut others off these days, maybe because
they have less patience or tolerance for certain behaviors. But I also think that
forgiveness is an important quality, and it can be really healing for both the person who
forgives and the person who is forgiven.
Burn bridges/boasts

[idiom] damage a relationship to the point that it's very difficult or impossible to repair

Example

Q: Have you ever had a disagreement that ended a friendship?

A: Yeah, unfortunately, I have. It's always sad when that happens, but sometimes it's
unavoidable. I think it's important to try and resolve conflicts amicably, but, you know,
sometimes people just don't see eye to eye, and it's better to walk away rather
than burning bridges and creating lasting animosity.

Throw in the towel

[idiom] give up on something, to quit or abandon an attempt, often because it has

become too difficult or frustrating

Example

Q: Do you find it easy to give up on things?

A: Not really, no. I'm usually quite persistent. I mean, I don't like throwing in the
towel unless I've really exhausted all other options. But, you know, sometimes it's
necessary to recognize when something's not working and move on.

Now, try using the vocabulary we've just covered when answering the following
IELTS Speaking Part 3 questions:

Modern relationship dynamics

• How do you think relationships today are different from relationships in the past?

• Why do some people find it hard to maintain long-term relationships nowadays?

 • Do you agree or disagree that social media has changed the way people build
relationships?

• What are some important qualities for a healthy relationship in today’s world?

• Do you think online relationships are as meaningful as face-to-face relationships?

• How might relationships continue to change in the future?

Conflict resolution

• How do cultural differences affect the way people handle conflicts?

• What are some common ways people solve conflicts in relationships?

• Why do some people avoid dealing with conflicts directly?

• Do you agree or disagree that talking openly is the best way to solve conflicts?

• Do you agree or disagree that the silent treatment is a harmful way to deal with
problems?

• Why do you think the silent treatment has become more common in modern
relationships?

• What role does technology play in encouraging or reducing the use of silent
treatment in relationships?

• How can conflicts make a relationship stronger if handled well?

• Do you think conflicts are necessary in relationships?

Try answering these questions yourself before checking the suggested answers on the
next page.

Suggested answer
How do you think relationships today are different from relationships in the past?

Well, I think technology has definitely played a big role in how we form and maintain
relationships these days. You know, with social media and dating apps, it's easier than
ever to connect with people from all over the world. But I also think that modern
relationships can be a bit more fluid and fast-paced. It's like, people are less likely to
stick to traditional relationship models, and they're more willing to call it quits if things
aren't working out. It's a different landscape, really.

Why do some people find it hard to maintain long-term relationships nowadays?

Hmm, that's a tough one. I think there are a lot of factors at play. You know, people are
busier than ever, and it can be hard to find the time and energy to nurture a relationship.
Plus, there are so many distractions and temptations these days, with social media and
everything. It's easy to get caught up in comparing your relationship to others or to start
looking for something 'better' online. And, well, I think some people might just be less
willing to bite the bullet and work through challenges. It's easier to just throw in the towel
and move on.

Do you agree or disagree that social media has changed the way people build
relationships?

Oh, I definitely agree. Social media has had a huge impact on how we connect with
people. I mean, it can be a great way to break the ice and strike up new friendships. But
it can also be a bit of a minefield, you know? It's easy to create a curated version of
yourself online, and it can be hard to tell if you're really hitting it off with someone or just
their online persona. It's a whole new ball game, really.

What are some important qualities for a healthy relationship in today’s world?

Well, I think communication is key, as always. Being able to talk openly and honestly
with your partner or friend is essential. And, you know, having a healthy dose of
empathy is crucial too. It's about being able to walk a mile in someone else's shoes and
understand their perspective. And, well, I think it's important to have each other's backs
and be willing to stick up for each other, even when things get tough. Those are the
kinds of relationships that stand the test of time.

Do you think online relationships are as meaningful as face-to-face relationships?

That's a tricky one. I think online relationships can definitely be meaningful, especially if
you're able to connect with someone on a deeper level. But, you know, there's
something special about face-to-face interactions, that human connection and the ability
to read each other's body language and facial expressions. It's hard to replicate that
online.
How might relationships continue to change in the future?

Hmm, that's an interesting question. It's hard to predict the future, but I think technology
will continue to play a big role in how we form and maintain relationships. You know,
maybe we'll see even more immersive virtual reality experiences that allow people to
connect in new ways. But, well, I also think there will always be a need for human
connection and genuine intimacy. It's a fundamental part of who we are, and I don't think
that will ever change.

How do cultural differences affect the way people handle conflicts?

Well, some cultures are more upfront and direct, you know, they'll just have it out with
each other and get everything out in the open. But other cultures might be more subtle
or indirect, and they might try to avoid conflict altogether. It's like, they might try to
weasel out of a confrontation or just let things fester.

What are some common ways people solve conflicts in relationships?

Hmm, well, I think communication is key, obviously. Being able to talk openly and
honestly about your feelings and needs is crucial. And, you know, having a healthy dose
of empathy is important too. It's about being able to walk a mile in someone else's
shoes and understand their perspective. And, well, sometimes it's necessary to bite the
bullet and compromise, to find a solution that works for both parties. It's not always
smooth sailing, but those are the kinds of things that can help patch things up.

Why do some people avoid dealing with conflicts directly?

Oh, there are loads of reasons, really. Some people might just be conflict-avoidant by
nature, you know, they don't like confrontation or they're afraid of hurting someone's
feelings. Others might not have the communication skills to express themselves clearly
and assertively. And, well, sometimes people might just be trying to duck the issue or
pass the buck, hoping that the problem will just go away on its own.

Do you agree or disagree that talking openly is the best way to solve conflicts?

Generally, I'd agree, yeah. I think open and honest communication is essential for
resolving conflicts in a healthy way. But, you know, it's also important to be mindful of
the other person's communication style and cultural background. Sometimes, a more
indirect approach might be necessary to avoid escalating the conflict or making things
worse. It's about finding the right balance, I suppose.

Do you agree or disagree that the silent treatment is a harmful way to deal with
problems?
Oh, I definitely agree. The silent treatment can be incredibly damaging to a relationship.
It's like, when you refuse to communicate with someone, you're essentially cutting them
off and shutting them out. It can create resentment and mistrust, and it can make it
really difficult to patch things up. It's a real wrecking ball to a relationship.

Why do you think the silent treatment has become more common in modern
relationships?

Hmm, that's an interesting question. I think maybe it's partly due to technology, you
know? With social media and messaging apps, it's easier than ever to just ignore
someone or give them the silent treatment. It's like, you can just disappear from their
digital life without having to actually confront them face-to-face. It's a bit of a cop-out,
really.
What role does technology play in encouraging or reducing the use of silent
treatment in relationships?

It's a double-edged sword, I think. On the one hand, technology can make it easier to
avoid conflict and give someone the silent treatment, like I mentioned before. But on the
other hand, it can also provide tools for communication and conflict resolution. You
know, things like video calls or online mediation platforms can help people to connect
and work through their issues, even if they're not physically together. So, it really
depends on how people choose to use technology.
How can conflicts make a relationship stronger if handled well?

Well, I think conflicts can be an opportunity for growth and deeper understanding, if
they're handled constructively. You know, if you can have a healthy disagreement, listen
to each other's perspectives, and find a mutually agreeable solution, it can actually
strengthen your bond and build trust. It's like, going through a rough patch together can
make your relationship even stronger as a rock in the long run.

Do you think conflicts are necessary in relationships?

Hmm, that's a tough one. I don't think conflicts are necessarily necessary, but I do think
they're inevitable. I mean, it's natural for people to have different opinions and
perspectives, and sometimes those differences will lead to disagreements. But, you
know, as long as those conflicts are handled in a healthy and respectful way, they don't
have to be a bad thing. In fact, they can even be an opportunity for growth and deeper
connection.

Fanpage: Write with Travis

https://bit.ly/4hl5dOp