Lecture 8
Lecture 8
Discourse Analysis
Lecture Eight
Context, culture and communication
Lecturer
Prof Albashir Ahmed
Autumn 2022/2023
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Speech act
Asking &
Answering
Lecture
School day
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ANALYZING CONTEXTS
• Analyzing the communicative competence requires
more than the analysis of texts/transcripts (though
one can often tell a lot from such an analysis).
• It requires observing people interacting, and talking
to them about what they need to know in order to
participate successfully.
• Often one must talk with multiple participants in
order to find out what it is like for people playing
different roles in the event.
• Bateson and Ruesch (1968) say that there are four
kinds of information an ethnographer should gather
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4. Explore transgressions
• A good way to understand what people are
expected to do in a particular situation is to find out
what happens when they fail to do what they are
expected to do.
• Noticing or talking with participants about mistakes,
transgressions, inappropriate behavior or
‘incompetence’ can be a good way to clarify what
they regard as appropriate and why.
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Activity
• Choose a speech event in which people that you
know normally participate but with which you are
not entirely familiar.
• Interview the people involved with the aim of
finding out what their expectations are about who
should say what to whom, when, how and why.
• Ask people both about the kind of communicative
competence most members of their speech
community have and about their own personal
competence and their own personal experiences
with this particular speech event.
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