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Grid Computing

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6 views25 pages

Grid Computing

Uploaded by

vikenhadavani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Grid Computing

Topics
● Introduction
● What is Grid Computing ?
● History of Grid Computing
● Key Features of Grid Computing
● Grid Computing Architecture
● How Grid Computing Works ?
● Applications of Grid Computing
● Tools and Technologies in Grid Computing
● Advantages of Grid Computing
● Challenges in Grid Computing
● Comparison
● Future Trends in Grid Computing
● Conclustion / Q/A
Introduction to Grid Computing
● Analogous to Electrical Power Grid
● Resource Sharing in a distributed environment across the organizations
● Unifing Geographically Dispersed Resources
● At Large Scale: Globally distributed
● Leverage unused resources
● Optimization of resource Utilization & Flexibility
● Decentralized Computing
What is Grid Computing?

Grid Computing combines heterogeneous and geographically distributed


resources (computing power, data storage, applications) into a unified system.
The term "grid" is derived from the electrical grid, which provides access to
shared electricity resources, drawing an analogy to the shared computing
resources provided by grid computing.
How Grid Computing Works ?
1. Task Submission to Control Node by User Application
2. Task Segmentation by Control Node
3. Subtask Assignment by Control Node
4. Parallel Execution by each Node
5. Communication and Coordination by each Node
6. Aggregation of Results by Control Node
7. Returning Final Result to User Application
History of Grid Computing
● 1990 - ways to share high-performance computing resources
○ Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman, and Steven Tuecke developed the Globus
Toolkit, a foundational framework for grid computing.
● 2000s
○ The European Grid Infrastructure (EGI) and Open Science Grid
emerged as key implementations.
● Present
○ CERN's Large Hadron Collider—processes Petabytes of data, life
sciences, and weather modeling
Key Features of Grid Computing
● Resource Sharing: (Optimizing)
● Heterogeneity
● Scalability
● Fault Tolerance:
● Collaboration / Flexibility
● Cost Effective
Grid Computing Architecture
Grid Computing Architecture
● Application Layer
● Middleware Layer (Brain) - Globus Toolkit, Grid Engine.
○ Resource Mgmt & Monitoring
○ Communication
○ Scheduling
● Resource Layer:
○ CPU, RAM, Storage, Low Level Networking
○ Resouce Registered to Middleware
Major Component of Grid Computing
● Grid Resource Management
○ Tools: Condor, GridWay.
● Grid Information Service
○ resource discovery and monitoring
● Grid Security
○ Protocols: Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI).
● Grid Communication:
○ Protocols: Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP).
Applications of Grid Computing
● 1. Scientific Research
○ CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) uses grid computing for data analysis.
● Business and Industry
● Healthcare
● Climate and Weather Modeling
● Film Industry
Tools and Technologies in Grid Computing
● Middleware Frameworks:
○ Globus Toolkit
○ Univa Grid Engine:
● Job Scheduling Tools:
○ HT Condor
○ OpenPBS (Portable Batch System)
● Programming Frameworks:
○ MPI
● Monitoring Tools:
○ o Ganglia - Performance Monitoring
○ o Nagios - Alerting
Advantages of Grid Computing
• Resource Optimization: Utilizes idle resources efficiently.

• Cost-Effective: Reduces the need for expensive dedicated hardware.

• Flexibility: Supports various resource types and tasks.

• Collaboration: Encourages collaborative efforts across institutions.


Challenges in Grid Computing
1. Security: Ensuring data integrity and access control.

2. Interoperability: compatibility between heterogeneous systems.

3. Latency: Delays in communication between geographically dispersed nodes.

4. Management: Complexity in scheduling and managing resources.


Some Interesting Projects
● https://scienceunited.org/
● https://einsteinathome.org/
● BOINC (Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing): Powers
projects like SETI@home (search for extraterrestrial life) and Folding@home
(protein folding for disease research).
● EGI (European Grid Infrastructure): provides computing resources for
European researchers.
● Open Science Grid (OSG): Supports scientific research in the U.S.
● Folding@home: A distributed computing project for disease research.
● Globus Tool Kit
Comparison with Other Paradigms

Feature Grid Computing Cloud Computing High-Performance Computing (HPC)

Resource Ownership Federated and distributed Centralized or on-demand Centralized (Supercomputers)

Scalability Limited by available resources Elastic, virtually unlimited Limited to system design

Use Case Collaborative research, distributed tasks On-demand computing Scientific simulations
Future Trends in Grid Computing
1. Integration with Cloud Computing:

2. AI and Grid Computing:

3. Edge and IoT Integration:

4. Sustainability:
Conclusion
Grid computing has evolved as a robust platform for solving large-scale, complex
computational problems by utilizing distributed resources.

Its impact is felt across multiple domains, including science, business, and
healthcare.

For students, understanding grid computing opens up opportunities in


cutting-edge research and practical problem-solving in distributed
environments.

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