Unit 1 Ai Project Cycle - Copy
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mohamed.aahil987Unit 1 Ai Project Cycle - Copy
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mohamed.aahil987AI PROJECT CYCLE
● our mind makes up plans for every task which we have to accomplish
● the AI Project Cycle provides us with an appropriate framework which can lead us
towards the goal
● AI PROJECT CYCLE is the cyclical process followed to complete an AI project. The
AI Project Cycle mainly has 6 stages:
●
● Problem scoping, in which we look at various parameters which affect the problem
we wish to solve .
Problem statement Template , 4W problem canvas.
● You need to acquire data FROM AUTHENTIC AND RELEVANT SOURCES which
will become the base of your project
● IN DATA EXPLORATION: try to give it a visual image of different types of
representations like graphs, databases, flow charts, maps, etc. This makes it easier
for you to interpret the patterns which your acquired data follows, for example:
●
Students age(yrs) weight(kg) height(cm) Marks(100)
10 20 50 100
15 68 160 80
17 75 165 75
22 85 175 60
●
● Modelling:you can decide upon the type of model you would build to achieve the
goal. For this, you can research online and select various models which give a
suitable output.
You can test the selected models and figure out which is the most efficient one.
The most efficient model is now the base of your AI project and you can develop your
algorithm around it.
● Evaluation: you now need to test your model on some newly fetched data. The
results will help you in evaluating your model and improving it.
● Deployment stage is crucial for ensuring the successful integration and operation of
AI solutions in real-world environments, enabling them to deliver value and impact to
users and stakeholders.
1.2: Introduction to AI Domains
● Every artificially intelligent machine needs to be fed with data sets during training
(making the machines familiarising the trends and patterns within the data).
● With respect to the type of data fed in the AI model,AI models can be broadly
categorized into three domains:
Statistical Data
● In this domain, the system(or the model) collects numerous data, maintains data sets
and derives meaning/information out of data and can be used to make a decision
about it.
● For example: Price comparison website: These websites are being driven by lots
and lots of data for comparing the price of a product from multiple vendors in one
place. Eg: PriceGrabber, PriceRunner.
Computer vision
● CV involves image acquiring, screening, analysing, identifying and extracting
information and then making decisions out of it. This extensive processing helps
computers to understand any visual content and act on it accordingly.
● Input to machines can be photographs, videos and pictures from thermal or infrared
sensors, indicators and different sources.
○ Computer vision-related projects translate digital visual data into descriptions.
○ This data is then turned into computer-readable language to aid the
decision-making process.
● The main objective of this domain of AI is to teach machines to collect
information from pixels.
○ For example : Agricultural Monitoring : Cv is employed in agriculture for
crop monitoring, pest detection, and yield estimation. Drones with cameras
capture aerial images of farmland, which are then analysed to assess crop
health and optimize farming practices.
also used in surveillance systems.: It can detect suspicious activities, track
individuals or vehicles, and provide real-time alerts to security personnel.
NLP:
● interaction between computers and humans using the natural language.
● (NLP) attempts to extract information from the spoken and written word using
algorithms. The ultimate objective of NLP is to read, decipher, understand,
and make sense of human languages in a valuable manner.
● Examples of Natural Language Processing:
○ Email filters: It started with spam filters, uncovering certain words or
phrases that signal a spam message.
○ Email services use natural language processing to identify the
contents of each Email with text classification so that it can be put in
the correct section.
○ Machine Translation: Google Translate and Microsoft Translator to
automatically translate text from one language to another.
○ These systems analyze the structure and semantics of sentences in
the source language and generate equivalent translations in the target
language.
Companies can use sentiment analysis in a lot of ways such as to
find out the emotions of their target audience, to understand product
reviews, to gauge their brand sentiment, etc.
Ethical Frameworks for AI
● Ethics are a set of values or morals which help us separate
right from wrong.
● Frameworks are step-by-step guidance on solving problems
● Utilizing ethical frameworks, individuals and organizations can
make well informed decisions that align with their values and
promote positive outcomes for all stakeholders involved.
Why do we need Ethical Frameworks for AI?
● Bias could result in unwanted outcomes in AIsolutions.We need to
ensure that AI makes morally acceptable recommendations.
● Using ethical frameworks while building our AI solutions, we can
avoid unintended outcomes, even before they take place.
3 factors which knowingly or unknowingly influence our decision-making
are:
1. Religion :Is the decision I am taking aligned with my religious views?
2. Values: Value of humans and Value of non-humans.
3. Intuition: Does what I am thinking sound correct?
Types of Ethical Frameworks
The various types of ethical frameworks are classified as follows:
Sector-based Frameworks:
● Frameworks tailored to specific sectors or industries.
Eg: Bioethics:
ensuring that AI applications in healthcare adhere to ethical standards
and considerations. focuses on ethical considerations in healthcare.
○ It addresses issues such as patient privacy, data security, and the
ethical use of AI in medical decision-making.
○ 4 Principles of bioethics:
• Respect for Autonomy.
• Do not harm. :
“Non-maleficence”: refers to the ethical principle of avoiding
causing harm or negative consequences
“Maleficence” refers to the concept of intentionally causing
harm or wrongdoing.
• Ensure maximum benefit for all.
“Beneficence" refers to the ethical principle of promoting and
maximizing the well-being and welfare of individuals and
society.
• Give justice.
● Other sector based ethical frameworks are : finance, education,
transportation, agriculture, governance, and law enforcement.
Value-based Frameworks
Concerned with assessing the moral worth of actions and guiding ethical
behaviour.
They can be further classified into three categories:
i. Rights-based : Prioritizes the protection of human rights and dignity, AI
systems do not violate human rights or discriminate against certain groups.
ii. Utility-based : Evaluates actions based on overall good, achieve outcomes
that offer the greatest benefit and minimize harm. Involves weighing the
potential benefits of AI applications against the risks, such as job displacement
or privacy concerns.
iii. Virtue-based: This framework focuses on the character and intentions of the
individuals or organisations (such as honesty, compassion, and integrity)
involved in decision-making. This involves whether developers, uphold ethical
values throughout the AI lifecycle.
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