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Amnistia Internacional - Inglês

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Amnistia Internacional - Inglês

Uploaded by

Sandra Salazar
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Amnisty International

What is it?

 It is a non-governmental organization that defends human rights.


 It has more than 7 million members and supporters around the world.

The organization's stated purpose is "to conduct research and generate action
to prevent and end human rights abuses and demand justice for those whose
rights have been violated."

It is a movement independent of any government political ideology, economic


interest or religion and is essentially financed by members and individual
donations.

Amnesty International was founded in 1961 by British lawyer Peter Benenson,


following news published the previous year by the Daily Telegraph newspaper
about the sentencing of two young Portuguese students to seven years in
prison for shouting "long live freedom" on a terrace in the center of Lisbon
during the Salazar regime.

The organization draws attention to human rights violations and abuses and
campaigns for compliance with international laws and standards, mobilizing
public opinion to pressure governments to take initiatives to prevent or curb
these practices.

The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1977 for its "campaign
against torture" and the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in
1978.
Main areas of activity:

 Armed Conflict

Conflict is not just synonymous with death. It constitutes a fertile ground for
massive human rights violations, including torture, enforced disappearances
and illegal detentions.

 Arms Control

The majority of deaths in armed conflicts are civilians. The global arms trade is
expanding, with many countries making reckless and harmful deals and failing
to provide information in a transparent manner.
 Detain and Arrest

Some countries use prisons as a weapon to suppress dissent and, in many,


detainees and prisoners see their rights violated, taken to secret prisons,
completely isolated, prevented from consulting lawyers or being visited by
family members.

 Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Governments have a duty to guarantee the exercise of economic, social and


cultural rights to all people, without discrimination. Access to education,
healthcare and decent housing must be at the top of our priorities.
 Human Rights and Environment

The Portuguese Constitution enshrines the fundamental right to live in an


ecological system free from threats that endanger it. Furthermore, it establishes
the fundamental duty of everyone to protect this same ecologically balanced
environment.

 Sexual and Reproductive Rights

There are many barriers to the free exercise of sexual and reproductive rights,
including obstacles to access to health services, information and education.
Underlying these problems is discrimination.

 Discrimination

States have the duty to guarantee equal treatment before the law for all people,
regardless of race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, political and ideological beliefs,
age, health status, gender, identity or sexual orientation.
 Executions and Disappearances

The conduct of a State in making people disappear and executing them


extrajudicially or arbitrarily aims to spread fear and insecurity. Family members
are also victims of these human rights violations, being deprived of their loved
ones.

 International Justice

The universality of human rights is at the origin and nature of international


justice. Universal jurisdiction dictates that anyone who commits a human rights
violation can be tried in any country regardless of where the crime was
committed.
 Freedom of Expression

Activists, human rights defenders and journalists are often the first to suffer
intimidation and persecution by authorities in an attempt to limit the free
exercise of freedom of expression, assembly and the press.

 United Nations

The United Nations must fulfill its full potential to safeguard fundamental rights
and freedoms and be capable of responding effectively to crises. To achieve
this, institutional reform is necessary with the promotion and protection of
human rights as its primary objective.
 Death Penalty

More than half of countries no longer practice the death penalty, having
abolished it or approved a moratorium on executions. Total eradication is the
only course and countries that still use it must place themselves on the right
side of History.

 People on the move

Amnesty International has worked with refugees and migrants for several
decades. It helps prevent refugees from being deported to face trial, works to
ensure that their rights are respected and protects the most vulnerable migrants
from being exploited and abused by employers, traffickers and smugglers.
 Corporate Accountability

Prevention, accountability and compensation for companies that commit human


rights abuses are essential for justice. Both nationally and internationally,
stronger and more effective mechanisms are needed to protect communities
and people.

 Torture

Torture has a single cruel purpose: to break the human spirit, to overcome all
physical, psychological and emotional resistance of human beings through
suffering. It is a barbaric practice, banned internationally, but it continues to be
used, often with impunity.
HOW DO YOU MAKE CHANGE HAPPEN?

 Investigate the facts;


 It exposes what is happening;
 Brings people together;
 Forces governments and other entities and individuals to respect the
human rights of all people;
Thanks

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