Lecture GuidelinePPT (1)

The Executive Development Programme on Application of Statistics in Spatial Planning is organized by the School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada, focusing on the relevance of spatial statistics in urban planning. The program includes modules on spatial statistics, regression analysis, network analysis, and various statistical methodologies, utilizing software like QGIS and ArcGIS. It aims to equip participants with the necessary skills to apply statistical techniques in spatial planning effectively.

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Lecture GuidelinePPT (1)

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Executive Development Programme on

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING

Organised by
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
An Institute of National Importance, Ministry of Education Govt. of India

By:

Programme Coordinator: Co-coordinator 1: Co-coordinator 2 :

Prof. Dr. Ramesh Srikonda Dr. Solanki Ghosh Dr. Adinarayanane R
Director, SPA Vijayawada Assistant Professor HoD,
Professor, Department of Planning Department of Planning,
Department of Architecture SPA Vijayawada SPA Vijayawada
The First Law of Geography, according to Waldo Tobler, is
"everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things."

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
John Snow – Mapping Cholera
Mapping cholera deaths in
Soho district in London,
correlated with the water
pump locations.

Can be retrieved from https://www.r-bloggers.com/2013/03/john-snows-cholera-data-in-more-formats/

Dr. Solanki Ghosh
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
John Snow – Mapping Cholera
John Snow's map showing
the water supply in
London, 1855

Can be retrieved from https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/john-snows-map-showing-the-water-supply-in-london-1855

Dr. Solanki Ghosh
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
John Snow – Mapping Cholera
Executive Development Programme on
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING
Organised by
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
An Institute of National Importance, Ministry of Education Govt. of India

Course Modules
28.06.2023: Introduction to spatial statistics, spatial data and sampling techniques
Need and relevance of spatial statistics in urban planning, types of spatial data, scale and resolution of spatial data, spatial patterns, data
collection methods, sampling techniques.
29.06.2023: Spatial statistics – descriptive and inferential
Centrality measures, dispersion measures, distribution measures, measure of variation, spatial random function, variogram, semivariogram,
covariogram, Correlogram, Spatial clustering, hot spot analysis, krigging.
30.06.2023: Normal distribution function and hypothesis testing
Probability distribution functions, relevance and application of normal distribution function in urban planning, hypothesis formulation and
testing, etc.
01.07.2023: Spatial Regression
Correlation, causation, regression and its various types, auto correlation (Moran’s I and LISA), spatial weights, spatial regression (lag and error
models), Lagrange Multiplier Test
03.07.2023: Network Analysis and predictive growth modelling
Optimisation techniques, network characteristics analysis through space syntax, entropy, Cellular Automata, etc.
04.07.2023: Assessment and Discussion
Softwares to be used: QGIS, ArcGIS, GEODA and SPSS
Dr. Solanki Ghosh
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Lecture Structure:

Interpretation
of the results
How to
execute
Data types
required
Application
Concept
Contents:
1. Classical Statistics vs Spatial Statistics
2. Causation
3. Spatial Data Sources
4. Spatial Data Types
Mathematical 5. Scale vs Resolution
Construct 6. Sampling Methods
7. Types of statistical analysis
8. Descriptive Statistics
9. Inferential Statistics - introduction
Dr. Solanki Ghosh
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Classical Statistics vs Spatial Statistics
Spatial Dependency
Example: Land Price

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Classical Statistics vs Spatial Statistics
Challenges: 4. Spurious results

1. Role of Space
2. Space-time interactions
3. Defining boundaries
i. Modifiable Area Unit Problem (MAUP)

Source: https://www.tylervigen.com/spurious-correlations
Dr. Solanki Ghosh
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Causation

1. Theoretical background

2. Replicated through any sample in the population

3. Stands the test of geography

4. Stands the test of time

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Spatial Data Sources

1. Geo-coded data

2. GPS data

3. Remote Sensed data

4. Crowd sourced data

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Spatial Data Types
1. Raster
i. Grid
ii. Image
2. Vector
i. Point
ii. Line
iii. Polygon
3. TIN

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Scale vs Resolution

Source: http://gisinecology.com/faqs__frequently_asked_question.htm
Dr. Solanki Ghosh
APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Sampling Methods:
1. Design based sampling
i. Random sampling
a. Simple - w/wo repetition
b. Stratified – w/wo repetition
c. Cluster
d. Two-stage
ii. Sampling based on Spatial autocorrelation
iii. Sampling Based on Spatial heterogeneity
2. Model Based Sampling
3. Adaptive Sampling
4. Optimal Sampling
5. Spatially balanced Sampling

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Sampling Methods:

Dr. Solanki Ghosh

APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SPATIAL PLANNING Assistant Professor
Department of Planning, SPA Vijayawada
Types of statistical analysis:
Two Parts:

1. Descriptive Statistics:
Concerned with obtaining summary measures to describe a set of data
• Single, summary measures of a spatial distribution
• Spatial equivalents of mean, standard deviation, etc.
2. Inferential Statistics:
Concerned with making inferences from samples about a populations
• Point pattern analysis
• Clustering
• Auto-correlation
• Regression