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Unit 11 Transfer Function

This document covers the concept of the transfer function in signal processing, detailing how to determine it from difference equations. It explains the relationship between the transfer function, impulse response, and differential equations. Additionally, it includes exercises for practical understanding of the concepts presented.

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Nguyen Hung Anhh
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4 views11 pages

Unit 11 Transfer Function

This document covers the concept of the transfer function in signal processing, detailing how to determine it from difference equations. It explains the relationship between the transfer function, impulse response, and differential equations. Additionally, it includes exercises for practical understanding of the concepts presented.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Hung Anhh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

UNIT 11
TRANSFER FUNCTION

Computer Engineering Department


❑ CONTENT

1. The transfer function of the system.

2. Determine the transfer function from the difference equation

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 2


❑ Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to understand the following
topics:

▪ The concept of the transfer function of the system

▪ Method to determine the transfer function of the system

▪ The relationship between the transfer function and the impulse


response and the differential equation

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 3


1. The transfer function of the system

x(n) h(n) y(n)

y n = x n ∗ h n → Y z = X Z . H(Z)

Y(z)
H z =
X(z)

H(z) = Z𝑇 h(n) = σ∞
n=−∞ h(n)z
−n

● H(z): Transfer Function

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 4


2. Determine H(z) from the constant coefficient linear difference equation

● Determine H(z) from the constant coefficient linear difference equation:

N M
෍ ak y(n − k) = ෍ bk x(n − k)
k=0 k=0

● Take the Z transform on both sides of the differential equation:

∞ N ∞ M
෍ ෍ ak y(n − k) z −n = ෍ ෍ bk x(n − k) z −n
n=−∞ k=0 n=−∞ k=0

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 5


The transfer function of the system
N ∞ M ∞
෍ ak ෍ y(n − k) z −n = ෍ bk ෍ x(n − k) z −n
k=0 n=−∞ k=0 n=−∞

N M
෍ ak z −k Y(z) = ෍ bk z −k X(z)
k=0 k=0

Y(z) σM bk z −k
H z = = k=0
X(z) σN
k=0 a k z
−k

● Represent H(Z) through the zeros zr and the poles pk:


ςM
r=1(z − zr )
H(Z) = H0 N
ςk=1(z − zk )

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 6


4. Summary
● The transfer function H(z) of the system represents the relationship of the input
and output signals on blanket Z.

● The transfer function H(z) is calculated directly from the difference equation

● The impulse response h(n) is the inverse Z transform of the transfer function
H(z).

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 7


5. Exercise
● Exercise 1

❑ A causal invariant linear system has the following impulse response function:
x(n) = 2. 3n u(n) + 4.5n u(n)

a. Determine the differential equation of the system

b. Draw direct forms I and II implementing the system

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 8


Excercise 2
● The causal invariant linear system has the following differential equation:
𝑦(𝑛) − 3𝑦(𝑛−1) + 2𝑦(𝑛−2) = 𝑥(𝑛−1)

a. Determine the transfer function, zero, and poles

b. Determine the impulse response h(n) of the system

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 9


Next lesson. Unit
12
CAUSALITY AND STABILITY SURVEY IN Z

References:
• Nguyễn Quốc Trung (2008), Xử lý tín hiệu và lọc số, Tập 1, Nhà xuất bản Khoa học và Kỹ
thuật, Chương 1 Tín hiệu và hệ thống rời rạc.
• J.G. Proakis, D.G. Manolakis (2007), Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms, and
Applications, 4th Ed, Prentice Hall, Chapter 1 Introduction.

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 10


SCHOOL OF INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Wish you all good study!

IT 4172 Signal Processing Chapter 2. Common transformations in signal processing 11

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