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TEM Mode of Circular Waveguide

1. TEM modes can only exist in two conductor systems like coaxial cables, not in hollow waveguides which only have one conductor. 2. For TEM modes in circular waveguides like coaxial cables, the cutoff frequency is zero and the propagation constant is determined by the properties of the dielectric material between the conductors. 3. The phase velocity is the speed of light in the dielectric and the wave impedance is the impedance of an unbounded transmission line made of the same dielectric material.

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Sidharth Gupta
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748 views

TEM Mode of Circular Waveguide

1. TEM modes can only exist in two conductor systems like coaxial cables, not in hollow waveguides which only have one conductor. 2. For TEM modes in circular waveguides like coaxial cables, the cutoff frequency is zero and the propagation constant is determined by the properties of the dielectric material between the conductors. 3. The phase velocity is the speed of light in the dielectric and the wave impedance is the impedance of an unbounded transmission line made of the same dielectric material.

Uploaded by

Sidharth Gupta
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TEM MODES IN CIRCULAR WAVEGUIDES

Sukhjeet kour 135/09 ECE M.B.S.C.E.T

TEM MODES IN CIRCULAR WAVEGUIDES


In transverse electric and magnetic mode , electric and magnetic fields are completely transverse to the direction of wave propagation. This means Ez = Hz = 0

TEM mode cannot exist in hollow waveguides , since it requires two conductors , such as coaxial transmission line and two open wire line. Figure shows a coaxial line -

Maxwells curl equations are x E = - jwuH x H = jweE

Thus in cylindrical coordinates , they become Bg Er = wuH Bg E =wuHr .. (1) .(2)


Where,
d/dr = - jBg , and Ez = Hz = 0

d/dr(rE ) d/do(Er) = 0 ...(3) Bg Hr = -wEE Bg H = wEEr (4) ..(5)

d/dr(rH ) d/do(Hr) = 0 (6)

Propagation constant
Substitution of eqn. (2) in eqn (4) gives the propagation constant of TEM mode in a coaxial line gives Bg = *w(uE)]

Which is phase constant of the wave in a lossless transmission line with a dielectric

Comparing with the characteristic eqn. It is evident that

This means cut off frequency of TEM mode is zero same as in ordinary transmission lines.

Phase velocity of the TEM mode can be expressed from eqn. (7), which is the velocity of light in an unbounded dielectric, The wave impedance of the TEM mode is found from either eqns. 1 and 4 or eqns 2 and 5 as,

which is the wave impedance off a lossless line in a dielectric. Amperes law states that the line integral of H about any closed path is equal to the current enclosed by that path . That is

In the eqn. 1 , is the complex current that must be supported by the center conductor of a coaxial line. This clearly demonstrates that The TEM mode can only exist in the two conductor system and not in the hollow waveguide because the center conductor does not exist.

1.Its cutoff frequency is zero. 2.Its transmission line is a two conductor system. 3.Its wave impedance is the impedance in an unbounded dielectric. 4.Its propagation constant is the constant in an unbounded dielectric. 5.Its phase velocity is the velocity of light in an unbounded dielectric.

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