Ulysses - Tennyson

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At a glance
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The poem analyzes the form, rhetoric, imagery, and themes of Tennyson's poem Ulysses.

The poem is written in iambic pentameter blank verse.

The poem uses rhetorical devices like antithesis and recalls the rhetoric of Satan in Paradise Lost.

ULYSSES - TENNYSON

The poet's method


The form of the poem
 The poem is written in the iambic
pentameter line familiar from the
plays of Shakespeare.
 The lines are not rhymed at the
end, and we call this blank verse.
 Tennyson is the most fluent of
writers and he is comfortable with
end-stopped and run-on lines.
Rhetoric
 The poem uses several tricks of
rhetoric - to make speaking
memorable and persuasive. We
find antithesis (contrasting
phrases) in:
 "I cannot rest from travel: I will
drink/Life to the lees" or in
 "to rust unburnished, not to shine
in use".
Rhetoric
 "...that which we are, we are."
 Ulysses' manner of speaking here
often recalls the rhetoric of Satan
in Milton's Paradise Lost.
Imagery
 Metaphor and simile abound in the
poem:
 experience is an arch, inactivity is
like rusting
 action is like burnishing (polishing;
a very apt image as it suggests the
warriors' armour that is burnished
for use, or left to rust)
Imagery
 The poem is also decorated with lines
one can take out of their context, and
use almost as proverbs:
 "I am a part of all that I have met..."
 "...all experience is an arch..."
 "How dull it is to pause, to make an
end..."
 Death closes all..."
 "'Tis not too late to seek a newer
world..."
Imagery
 Ulysses' spirit is "gray" and yearns with
desire to "follow knowledge like a
sinking star/Beyond the utmost bound
of human thought"
 a very complex series of images - try to
visualise them, and you will realise this.
 How many more images can you find,
what do they mean, and how do they
work?
Ambiguity and double
meanings
 Ulysses would not know of the open
ocean beyond the great sea (which we
call the Mediterranean) - nor that there
is land to the west.
 And no Greek ship, had it passed into
the Atlantic, could safely have reached
America.
 But Tennyson (like his readers), of
course, does know there is land here,
and that the voyage is possible, if
Ambiguity and double
meanings
 Ulysses wonders if he may find
again the great hero, Achilles,
whom he has not seen, since his
death when Troy fell.
 Many readers think that Tennyson
identifies "the great Achilles" with
his own lost friend, Arthur Hallam
Ulysses - Method
 Taken from
http://www.shunsley.eril.net/armoore

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