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    Radiation Therapy

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    Erl D. Melitante
    Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells, specifically damaging their DNA during cell division. The two main types used are photon radiation from radioactive elements or linear accelerators, and particle radiation using electrons, alpha particles, or protons produced the same way. Brachytherapy also places radioactive sources inside the body. Radiation is effective against early-stage tumors but not metastatic cancers. It risks damaging healthy cells, but conformal radiation therapy can help prevent this, and researchers are exploring nanoshells and other targeted methods.

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    Radiation Therapy

    Uploaded by

    Erl D. Melitante
    558 views22 pages
    Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells, specifically damaging their DNA during cell division. The two main types used are photon radiation from radioactive elements or linear accelerators, and particle radiation using electrons, alpha particles, or protons produced the same way. Brachytherapy also places radioactive sources inside the body. Radiation is effective against early-stage tumors but not metastatic cancers. It risks damaging healthy cells, but conformal radiation therapy can help prevent this, and researchers are exploring nanoshells and other targeted methods.

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    Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells, specifically damaging their DNA during cell division. The two main types used are photon radiation from radioactive elements or linear accelerators, and particle radiation using electrons, alpha particles, or protons produced the same way. Brachytherapy also places radioactive sources inside the body. Radiation is effective against early-stage tumors but not metastatic cancers. It risks damaging healthy cells, but conformal radiation therapy can help prevent this, and researchers are exploring nanoshells and other targeted methods.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    558 views22 pages

    Radiation Therapy

    Uploaded by

    Erl D. Melitante
    Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells, specifically damaging their DNA during cell division. The two main types used are photon radiation from radioactive elements or linear accelerators, and particle radiation using electrons, alpha particles, or protons produced the same way. Brachytherapy also places radioactive sources inside the body. Radiation is effective against early-stage tumors but not metastatic cancers. It risks damaging healthy cells, but conformal radiation therapy can help prevent this, and researchers are exploring nanoshells and other targeted methods.

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    RADIATION THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER

    Cancer is fast, uncontrolled division of cells.

    Cancer cells
    2

    Cancer cells differ structurally from normal cells.

    Radiation therapy kills cells during mitosis(M).

    Radiation therapy specifically harms cell DNA.

    Ionizing radiation is used in cancer treatment.

    The first major type of ionizing radiation used in therapy is photon radiation.

    Photons come from radioactive elements such as cobalt and cesium, or from a linear accelerator.
    8

    The second major type of radiation therapy uses particle radiation.

    Electrons, alpha particles, and beta particles penetrate tissues to varying depths.

    10

    Like photons, particle beams are produced by a linear accelerator


    11

    Proton beams are also used but require special expensive equipment available at only a few centers.

    12

    Brachytherapy, or internal radiotherapy, is also used to treat cancer.

    Prostate cancer
    13

    The future of internal radiation therapy is nanoshells.

    Computer simulation of nanoshell with

    silica core, gold layer, and antibodies.


    14

    Radiation therapy is effective on early-stage tumors

    but not on metastatic tumors.


    15

    Radiations big disadvantage is damage to healthy cells.

    16

    Conformal radiation therapy can help prevent this damage.

    17

    Another problem is solid tumors resist radiation.

    (Black is off tissue)

    18

    QUIZ
    Which of the two main types of radiation

    is used in radiotherapy? What does radiation do to cancer cells? Which particle causes the least damage to healthy tissue during treatment? Which method seems the best to you?

    19

    Works Cited
    "Fact Sheet: Radiation Therapy for Cancer."

    National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 30 Jun 2010. Web. 13 May 2011.
    "Genitourinary Oncology Program Patient and

    Family Education: Radiation Therapy." University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center. University of Maryland Medical Center, 20 Nov. 2009. Web. 16 May 2011.
    Hager, Melissa. "Radiation in Medicine." Physics

    is Everywhere, Especially in Medicine. Rockhurst University, 7 Apr. 2011. Web. 18 May 2011.
    20

    Killing Tumors with Nanotechnology. Nanotech News: The Next Wave. n.p. 14 Apr. 2008. Web. 17 May 2011.
    "Precision Radiation therapy Yields Rare Success

    for Liver Tumors." ScienceDaily. University of Rochester Medical Center, 24 Oct. 2005. Web. 15 May 2011.
    "Pummeling Cancer with Protons." NYTimes. The

    New York Times, 14 Dec. 2007. Web. 16 May 2011.


    21

    "Radiation Therapy and Principles." Cancer.org.

    National Cancer Society, 20 Aug. 2010. Web. 16 May 2011.


    "Radiation Therapy (External, Internal & Systemic Radiation), How It Works, Side Effects." Themesotheliomalibrary. Mesothelioma Treatment

    Cancer Library, 5 Aug. 2008. Web. 13 May 2011.


    "Solid Tumor Cells Not Killed by Radiation and

    Chemotherapy Become Stronger." DukeHealth. Duke University Health System, 9 Jun. 2008. Web. 18 May 2011.
    22

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