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The RLC Circuit: Reproduction or Display. 1

An RLC circuit has both an inductor and a capacitor these circuits have a wide range of applications, including oscillators and frequency filters.

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98 views

The RLC Circuit: Reproduction or Display. 1

An RLC circuit has both an inductor and a capacitor these circuits have a wide range of applications, including oscillators and frequency filters.

Uploaded by

박승현
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Permission required for


reproduction or display.
1
Chapter 9
The RLC Circuit
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 2
an RLC circuit has both an inductor and a
capacitor
these circuits have a wide range of
applications, including oscillators and
frequency filters
they also can model automobile suspension
systems, temperature controllers, airplane
responses, and so forth
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 3
Apply KCL and
differentiate to show:

C
d
2
v
dt
2
+
1
R
dv
dt
+
1
L
v = 0
To solve, assume v=Ae
st .

The solution must then satisfy



which is called the characteristic equation.

If s
1
and s
2
are the solutions, then the natural response is











Answer: i
3
(t) = 1.333 sin t V
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 4

Cs
2
+
1
R
s +
1
L
= 0

v(t) = A
1
e
s
1
t
+ A
2
e
s
2
t
The solutions to the characteristic equation are




Define
0
the resonant frequency:

and the damping coefficient:
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 5

1
2RC

1
2RC
|
\

|
.
|
2

1
LC

e
0
=
1
LC

o =
1
2RC
With these definitions, the solutions can be
expressed as:




The constants A
1
and A
2
are determined by the
initial conditions.


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 6

s
1
= o + o
2
e
0
2
s
2
= o o
2
e
0
2
If >
0
the solutions are
real, unequal and the
response is termed
overdamped.



If <
0
the solutions are
complex conjugates and
the response is termed
underdamped.



Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 7

s
1
= o + o
2
e
0
2
s
2
= o o
2
e
0
2
[If =
0
the solutions are
real and equal and the
response is termed
critically damped.
]


Show that v(t) = 84(e
t
e
6t
) when i(0
+
)=10 A
and v(0
+
)=0 V.
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 8
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 9
Show that v
C
(t) = 80e
50,000t
20e
200,000t
V for t>0.
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 10
Find R
1
such that the circuit is critically damped
for t>0 and R
2
so that v(0)=2 V.






Answer: R
1
= 31.63 k, R
2
=0.4
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 11
If <
0,
define


and the solution is


or equivalently


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 12

s
1
= o + o
2
e
0
2
s
2
= o o
2
e
0
2

e
d
= e
0
2
o
2

v(t) = e
ot
A
1
e
je
d
t
+ A
2
e
e
d
t
( )

v(t) =e
ot
B
1
cos e
d
t
( )
+B
2
sin e
d
t
( )
( )
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 13
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 14
Show for t>0
i
L
= e
1.2t
(2.027 cos 4.75t + 2.561 sin 4.75t)
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 15
For the series RLC circuit,






This circuit is the dual of the parallel RLC
circuit.

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 16

L
d
2
i
dt
2
+ R
di
dt
+
1
C
i = 0
The characteristic equation is


and the solution is


where















Answer: i
3
(t) = 1.333 sin t V
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 17

Ls
2
+Rs+
1
C
=0

v(t) = A
1
e
s
1
t
+ A
2
e
s
2
t

s
1
,s
2
=
R
2L

R
2L
|
\

|
.
|
2

1
LC

Define and

Then if
>
0
(overdamped):

=
0
(critically damped):

<
0
(underdamped):




Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 18

e
0
=
1
LC

o =
R
2L

v(t) = A
1
e
s
1
t
+ A
2
e
s
2
t

v(t) = e
ot
A
1
t + A
2
( )

v(t) =e
ot
B
1
cos e
d
t
( )
+B
2
sin e
d
t
( )
( )

s
1
= o + o
2
e
0
2
s
2
= o o
2
e
0
2
The response of RLC circuits with dc sources
and switches will consist of the natural
response and the forced response:

v(t) = v
f
(t)+v
n
(t)

The complete response must satisfy both the
initial conditions and the final conditions or
the forced response.

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 19
Find the labeled voltages and currents at t=0
-
and
t=0
+
.





Answer:
i
R
(0

) = 5 A v
R
(0

) = 150 V i
R
(0
+
) = 1 A v
R
(0
+
) = 30 V
i
L
(0

) = 5 A v
L
(0

) = 0 V i
L
(0
+
) = 5 A v
L
(0
+
) = 120 V
i
C
(0

) = 0 A v
C
(0

) = 150 V i
C
(0
+
) = 4 A v
C
(0
+
) = 150 V


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 20
Find the first derivatives of the labeled voltages
and currents at t=0
+
.





Answer:
di
R
/dt(0
+
) = 40 A/s dv
R
/dt(0
+
) = -1200 V/s
di
L
/dt(0
+
) = 40 A/s dv
L
/dt(0
+
) = -1092 V/s
di
C
/dt(0
+
) = -40 A/s dv
C
/dt(0
+
) = 108 V/s


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 21
Show that for t>0
v
C
(t) = 150 + 13.5(e
t
e
9t
) volts
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 22
The resistor in the RLC circuit serves to
dissipate initial stored energy.
When this resistor becomes 0 in the series
RLC or infinite in the parallel RLC, the circuit
will oscillate.

Example: for t>0,
v(t) =2 sin 3t

if i(0)=-1/6 A and v(0)=0 V
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for
reproduction or display. 23

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