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Find S For The Arithmetic Series. 4, A 16, and N 5: Over Lesson 10 - 2

This document contains examples of arithmetic and geometric series problems. It provides the formulas and step-by-step workings for finding terms, sums, and other properties of arithmetic and geometric sequences. Several multi-part examples are presented that demonstrate how to identify terms, write formulas, calculate sums, and determine other sequence values using given information.

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82 views27 pages

Find S For The Arithmetic Series. 4, A 16, and N 5: Over Lesson 10 - 2

This document contains examples of arithmetic and geometric series problems. It provides the formulas and step-by-step workings for finding terms, sums, and other properties of arithmetic and geometric sequences. Several multi-part examples are presented that demonstrate how to identify terms, write formulas, calculate sums, and determine other sequence values using given information.

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Over Lesson 102

5-Minute Check 1
A. 10
B. 20
C. 50
D. 60
Find S
n
for the arithmetic series.
a
1
= 4, a
n
= 16, and n = 5
Over Lesson 102
5-Minute Check 2
A. 490
B. 245
C. 140
D. 70
Find S
n
for the arithmetic series.
a
1
= 4, a
n
= 53, and n = 20
Over Lesson 102
5-Minute Check 3
A. 3, 7, 12
B. 3, 9, 15
C. 3, 9, 18
D. 3, 18, 33
Find the first three terms of the arithmetic series
for which a
1
= 3, a
n
= 33, and S
n
= 108.
Over Lesson 102
5-Minute Check 4
A. 1
B. 2
C. 13
D. 22
Over Lesson 102
5-Minute Check 5
A. 27
B. 33
C. 69
D. 100
Find the sum of the first 10 positive odd integers.
Concept
Example 1
Find the nth Term
Find the sixth term of a geometric sequence for
which a
1
= 3 and r = 2.
a
n
= a
1
r
n1
Formula for the nth term
a
6
= 3 (2)
61
n = 6, a
1
= 3, r = 2
a
6
= 3 (32) (2)
5
= 32
a
6
= 96 Multiply.
Answer: The sixth term is 96.
Example 1
A. 48
B. 96
C. 160
D. 384
What is the fifth term of a geometric sequence for
which a
1
= 6 and r = 2?
Example 2A
Write an Equation for the nth Term
A. Write an equation for the nth term of the
geometric sequence below.
5, 10, 20, 40,
Answer: a
n
= 5 2
n1

r = 10 5 or 2; 5 is the first term.
a
n
= a
1
r
n1
nth term of a geometric
sequence
a
n
= 5 2
n1
a
1
= 5 and r = 2
Example 2B
Write an Equation for the nth Term
B. Write an equation for the nth term of the
geometric sequence below.
a
5
= 4 and r = 3
Step 1 Find a
1
.
a
n
= a
1
r
n1
nth term of a geometric
sequence
4 = a
1
3
51
a
n
= 4, n = 5, and r = 3
4 = a
1
81 Evaluate the power.
Divide each side by 81.
Example 2B
Write an Equation for the nth Term
Step 2 Write the equation.
a
n
= a
1
r
n1
nth term of a geometric
sequence
Answer:
Example 2A
A. a
n
= 5 3
n1

B. a
n
= 3 15
n1

C. a
n
= 3 5
n1

D. a
n
= 5 5
n1
A. Write an equation for the nth term of the
geometric sequence below.
3, 15, 75, 375,
Example 2B
A. a
n
= 6 2
n1

B. a
n
= 48 2
n1

C. a
n
= 12 2
n1

D. a
n
= 2 6
n1
B. Write an equation for the nth term of the
geometric sequence below.
a
4
= 48 and r = 2
Example 3
Find Geometric Means
Find three geometric means between 3.12 and 49.92.
Step 1 Since there are three terms between the first
and last term, there are 3 + 2 or 5 total terms,
so n = 5.
Step 2 Find r.
a
n
= a
1
r
n1
Formula for the nth term
49.92 = 3.12r
51
n = 5, a
1
= 3.12, a
5
= 49.92
16 = r
4
Divide each side by 3.12.
2 = r Take the 4th root of each
side.
Example 3
Find Geometric Means
Step 3 Use r to find the three geometric means.
There are two possible common ratios, so there are
two possible sets of geometric means. Use each value
of r to find three geometric means.
r = 2 r = 2
a
2
= 3.12(2) or 6.24 a
2
= 3.12(2) or 6.24
a
3
= 6.24(2) or 12.48 a
3
= 6.24(2) or 12.48
a
4
= 12.48(2) or 24.96 a
4
= 12.48(2) or 24.96
Answer: The geometric means are 6.24, 12.48, and
24.96, or 6.24, 12.48, and 24.96.
Example 3
A. 6, 3, 1.5 or 6, 3, 1.5
B. 6, 3, 1.5 or 6, 3, 1.5
C. 6, 3, 1.5
D. 6, 3, 1.5
Find three geometric means between 12 and 0.75.
Concept
Example 4
Find the Sum of a Geometric
Series
MUSIC Julian hears a song by a new band. He
E-mails a link for the bands Web site to five of his
friends. They each forward the link to five of their
friends. The link is forwarded again following the
same pattern. How many people will receive the
link on the sixth round of E-mails?
Five E-mails are sent in the first round and there are
6 rounds of E-mails. So, a
1
= 5, r = 5, and n = 6.
Sum formula
a
1
= 5, r = 5, and n = 6.
Example 4
Find the Sum of a Geometric
Series
Simplify the numerator and
denominator.
Answer: There will be 19,530 E-mails sent after
6 rounds.
Divide.
Example 4
A. 2,918 people
B. 3,026 people
C. 3,164 people
D. 3,279 people
ONLINE SHOPPING Ilani is the first one to be sent
an online coupon for a 20% off sale on a retail Web
site. She E-mails the coupon to three of her friends.
They each forward the coupon to three of their
friends. The link is forwarded again following the
same pattern. How many people will receive the
coupon on the seventh round of E-mails?
Example 5
Sum in Sigma Notation
Method 1
Since the sum is a geometric series, you can use the
formula . Find a
1
, r, and n. In the first
term, n = 1 and a
1
= 3 2
1 1
or 3. The base of the
exponential function is r, so r = 2. There are
12 1 + 1 or 12 terms, so n = 12.
Evaluate .
Example 5
Sum in Sigma Notation
Sum formula
n = 12, a
1
= 3, r = 2
2
12
= 4096
S
12
= 12,285 Simplify.
Example 5
Sum in Sigma Notation
Method 2
Find the terms by replacing n with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, 11, and 12. Then add.
= 3(2
11
) + 3(2
21
) + 3(2
31
) + 3(2
41
) + 3(2
51
) + 3(2
61
) +
3(2
71
) + 3(2
81
) + 3(2
91
) + 3(2
101
) + 3(2
111
) + 3(2
121
)
= 3(1) + 3(2) + 3(4) + 3(8) + 3(16) + 3(32) + 3(64) +
3(128) + 3(256) + 3(512) + 3(1024) + 3(2048)
= 3 + 6 + 12 + 24 + 48 + 96 + 192 + 384 + 768 + 1536 +
3072 + 6144
= 12,285
Example 5
Sum in Sigma Notation
Answer: The sum of the series is 12,285.
Example 5
A. 84
B. 200
C. 484
D. 600
Evaluate .
Example 6
Find the First Term of a Series
Find a
1
in a geometric series for which S
8
= 765,
n = 8, and r = 2.
Answer: The first term of the series is 3.
Sum formula
S
n
= 765, r = 2, and n = 8
765 = 255a
1
Divide.
3 = a
1
Divide each side by 255.
765 = Subtract.
Example 6
A. 0.5
B. 1
C. 3
D. 4.5
Find a
1
in a geometric series for which S
6
= 364,
n = 6, and r = 3.

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