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    Wasre Management

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    manurajrb
    Indian solid waste generation is increasing annually due to rising population and urbanization. India produces over 42 million tons of municipal solid waste per year, with per capita generation rates varying from 200-600 grams daily on average. Waste disposal is typically done by diluting and dispersing it in rivers/lakes/seas or concentrating and containing it in dumps and landfills. Improper waste disposal leads to health issues, pollution of water/soil, greenhouse gas emissions, and harm to animals. Proper waste management involves reducing, reusing and recycling to minimize waste as well as options like composting, energy recovery, and waste donation programs. Steps must be taken to reduce waste at the source and promote reuse and

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    Wasre Management

    Uploaded by

    manurajrb
    142 views29 pages
    Indian solid waste generation is increasing annually due to rising population and urbanization. India produces over 42 million tons of municipal solid waste per year, with per capita generation rates varying from 200-600 grams daily on average. Waste disposal is typically done by diluting and dispersing it in rivers/lakes/seas or concentrating and containing it in dumps and landfills. Improper waste disposal leads to health issues, pollution of water/soil, greenhouse gas emissions, and harm to animals. Proper waste management involves reducing, reusing and recycling to minimize waste as well as options like composting, energy recovery, and waste donation programs. Steps must be taken to reduce waste at the source and promote reuse and

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    Indian solid waste generation is increasing annually due to rising population and urbanization. India produces over 42 million tons of municipal solid waste per year, with per capita generation rates varying from 200-600 grams daily on average. Waste disposal is typically done by diluting and dispersing it in rivers/lakes/seas or concentrating and containing it in dumps and landfills. Improper waste disposal leads to health issues, pollution of water/soil, greenhouse gas emissions, and harm to animals. Proper waste management involves reducing, reusing and recycling to minimize waste as well as options like composting, energy recovery, and waste donation programs. Steps must be taken to reduce waste at the source and promote reuse and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    142 views29 pages

    Wasre Management

    Uploaded by

    manurajrb
    Indian solid waste generation is increasing annually due to rising population and urbanization. India produces over 42 million tons of municipal solid waste per year, with per capita generation rates varying from 200-600 grams daily on average. Waste disposal is typically done by diluting and dispersing it in rivers/lakes/seas or concentrating and containing it in dumps and landfills. Improper waste disposal leads to health issues, pollution of water/soil, greenhouse gas emissions, and harm to animals. Proper waste management involves reducing, reusing and recycling to minimize waste as well as options like composting, energy recovery, and waste donation programs. Steps must be taken to reduce waste at the source and promote reuse and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    MAGNITUDE OF PROBLEM: Indian scenario

    - Per capita waste generation increasing by 1.3% per


    annum
    - With urban population increasing between 3 3.5%
    per annum
    - Yearly increase in waste generation is around 5%
    annually
    - India produces more than 42.0 million tons of
    municipal solid waste annually.
    - Per capita generation of waste varies from 200 gm to
    600 gm per capita / day. Average generation rate at
    0.4 kg per capita per day in 0.1 million plus towns.





    CATEGORIES OF WASTE DISPOSAL
    1. DILUTE AND
    DISPERSE
    (ATTENUATION)
    Throw it in the river
    / lake / sea
    Burn it
    Basically this involves spreading trash thinly
    over a large area to minimize its impact

    Works for sewage, some waste chemicals,
    when land-disposal is not available
    Plastic in Pacific
    2. CONCENTRATE
    AND CONTAIN
    (ISOLATION)
    Waste dumps,
    landfills
    Historically, thats how most of the solid
    waste gets treated
    Impacts of waste.
    Activities that have altered the chemical composition of the
    atmosphere:

    - Buildup of GHGs primarily carbon dioxide (CO
    2
    ) methane (CH
    4
    ), and
    nitrous oxide (N
    2
    0).

    - C0
    2
    is released to the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels, wood
    and wood products, and solid waste.

    - CH
    4
    is emitted from the decomposition of organic wastes in landfills,
    the raising of livestock, and the production and transport of coal,
    natural gas, and oil.

    - N0
    2
    is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as
    during combustion of solid waste and fossil fuels. In 1977, the US
    emitted about one-fifth of total global GHGs.


    Impacts of waste on health
    Nausea and vomiting
    Increase in hospitalization of diabetic residents living
    near hazard waste sites.
    Mercury toxicity from eating fish with high levels of
    mercury.


    Impacts of waste on health

    Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation
    Uncollected waste can obstruct the storm water runoff
    resulting in flood
    Low birth weight
    Cancer
    Congenital malformations
    Neurological disease


    Effects of waste on animals and
    aquatics life
    Increase in mercury level in fish due to disposal of
    mercury in the rivers.
    Plastic found in oceans ingested by birds.
    Resulted in high algal population in rivers and sea.
    Degrades water and soil quality.

    Impacts of waste on Environment
    Waste breaks down in landfills to form methane, a
    potent greenhouse gas
    Change in climate and destruction of ozone layer due
    to waste biodegradable
    Littering, due to waste pollutions, illegal dumping,
    Leaching: is a process by which solid waste enter soil
    and ground water and contaminating them.

    SOURCES OF HUMAN EXPOSURES

    Exposures occurs through
    Ingestion of contaminated water or food
    Contact with disease vectors
    Inhalation
    Dermal
    Waste hierarchy
    Waste hierarchy refers to 3 Rs
    Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
    Waste
    Minimizing solid waste
    Minimizing packaging
    Recyclable
    Paper, plastics, metals, glass, wood

    Reusable ?
    Textiles, leather, rubber, metals, wood

    Compostable
    Yard trimmings, food scraps (vegetable)
    By recycling almost 8 million tons of metals (which includes aluminum, steel,
    and mixed metals), we eliminated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions totaling
    more than 26 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO
    2
    E). This
    is equivalent to removing more than 5 million cars from the road for one year.
    Useful options
    Resource recovery
    Composting
    Vermicomposting
    Energy recovery
    Incineration
    Pyrolysis
    Gasification
    Bio-methanation or
    anaerobic digestion
    WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
    Reduce Waste
    - Reduce office paper waste by implementing a formal policy to
    duplex all draft reports and by making training manuals and
    personnel information available electronically.

    - Improve product design to use less materials.

    - Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while
    maintaining strength.

    - Work with customers to design and implement a packaging
    return program.

    - Switch to reusable transport containers.

    - Purchase products in bulk.

    WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
    Reuse

    - Reuse corrugated moving boxes internally.

    - Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice
    envelopes, file folders, and paper.

    - Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups, and
    glasses.

    - Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing shipments.

    - Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather than
    purchase new ones.

    WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
    Donate/Exchange

    - old books

    - old clothes

    - old computers

    - excess building materials

    - old equipment to local organizations

    What you Can do Step 1
    Step 2
    Step 3
    Step 4
    Step 5
    Step 6
    Step 7
    Step 8

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